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AN ISO 9001: 2008 & 13485:2003 COMPANY
Allengers 325 (X-RAY GENERATOR)
INSTALLATION/SERVICE MANUAL
Medical Systems Ltd. S.C.O. 212-214, SEC. 34-A, CHANDIGARH (INDIA) TEL.: +91-172-3012287, 3012285, FAX: +91-172-2621912 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.allengers.com
Our EU Authorised Representative:JMC Medical Sprl, 58, Avenue du Parc de Woluwe B-1160 Bruxelles Belgium Tel: +32.2.672.56.44 Fax: +32.2.662.29.92 E-mail: [email protected]
We Aim For Your Delight
PREFACE This Installation and Service Manual of Allengers 325 X-Ray Machine covers all aspects of Installation and Servicing of the Machine.
The Manual covers the Installation Procedure & checkpoints, Circuit Diagram, its Explanation, Calibration Procedure, Trouble Shooting and major parts list.
Although all efforts have been made to keep this Manual simple to understand, in case of any clarification, Allengers International Customer Care Cell can be contacted for more detailed information on any aspect.
It is assumed that anyone referring to this manual and attempting to service the X-Ray Machine has relevant Technical background and Training to service this Equipment.
This Manual is company’s confidential document and is meant to be circulated only to company’s Service Engineers and authorized Service Dealers.
Photocopying and free circulation of this document is prohibited.
Contents
CONTENTS 1
1. System Overview………………………………………………….. 1.1 Introduction…………………………………………………… 1 1.2 Technical Specifications……………………………………… 4 1.3 Description of Control………………………………………... 5 2. Packing List………………………………………………………...
9
3. Unpacking Instructions……………………………………………
10
4. Infrastructural Requirements for Installation…………………..
11
4.1 Supply and Wiring Requirements……………………………... 4.2 Earthing Requirement…………………………………………. 4.3 Suggested Room Plan…………………………………………. 4.4 Air Conditioning………………………………………………. 4.5 Environmental Conditions…………………………………….. 4.6 Room Layout Approval from BARC/AERB…………………..
11 11 12 14 15 15
5. Installation Procedure……………………………………………..
16
5.1 Inter Connections of Various Assemblies……………………... 16 5.2 Assembly Procedure…………………………………………... 18 5.3 Installation Checkpoints………………………………………. 20 6. Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation………………………….
23
7. Calibration & Testing…..………………………………………….
31
7.1 Energizing the Equipment…………………………………….. 7.2 Carrying out Preliminary Tests………………………………... 7.3 Calibrating the Equipment…………………………………….. 7.4 Procedure for carrying out QA Tests as per Regulatory Board
31 31 32 43
8. Troubleshooting……………………………………………………
44
9. Post Installation Instructions……………………………………...
52
Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
Contents
10. Dark Room Procedures & X-Ray Film Processing…………….
53
11. Radiation Monitoring & Protection…………….……………….
54
12. Preventive Maintenance Procedure……………………………..
55
13. Preventive Maintenance Check Points…………………………..
56
Checked By__________________________
Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
Approvals
This machine is type approved for Mechanical, Electrical & Radiation safety standards by following regulatory boards:
PRODUCT APPROVALS ¾
Approved for meeting Radiation Safety Standards by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB)
¾
Approved for meeting Mechanical & Electrical Safety Standards by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
¾
CE Certified; Approved for International Safety Standards
meeting
SYSTEM APPROVALS
¾
ISO 9001:2008 & ISO 13485:2003 Approved for meeting Quality Management System Requirements
_________________________________________________________________________________ Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.11
System Overview
1. SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1 INTRODUCTION Allengers 325 is an all-purpose high power Diagnostic X-Ray Generator, which caters to all the requirements of generalized and specialized Radiography when used with Manual or motorized table. This generator is also available in various options like Fluoro/Spot Filming capabilities. This can also be made available for R+F Tables having I.I. T.V. System. This unit incorporates State - of – the- Art technology and is designed keeping in mind the diverse requirements of the Radiologists. It is a Solid State Silicon Rectified Unit (Two Pulse) and consists of Control Panel, High Voltage Tank, High Voltage Cables & X-Ray Tube Head with a collimator. This unit can be supplied in different combinations of Tube Stands, Tables & Vertical Bucky Stand as per individual customer requirement. This machine is Type Approved for Electrical and Mechanical Safety Standards and for the Radiation Safety (vide IS: 7620) from the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Govt. of India, thus making it entirely safe from the Radiation Hazards.
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Page 1
System Overview
The unit consists of following modules: 1. CONTROL
2. H.V. TANK*
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System Overview
3. X-RAY TUBE
4. H.V. Tank is also available for two Tubes operation.* 5. IMAGE INTENSIFIER* 6. TROLLEY WITH MONITORS* 7. TUBE STAND* 8. TABLE* 9. VERTICAL BUCKY STAND* * OPTIONALLY AVAILABLE AS PER CUSTOMER REQUIREMENT (REFER INSTALLATION MANUAL OF RESPECTIVE SYSTEM)
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Page 3
System Overview
1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Parameters
Specifications
Output (As per IS: 7620)
30 KW
Max. mA output
300 mA
Radiographic KVP
35–125 KVP (Selectable in Steps by Major and Minor KVP Selector Switch)
Fluoroscopy KVP*
45-100 KVP (Selectable in steps by Selector Switch)
Radiographic Timer
0.01 to 5 Seconds (in 24 Steps)
Fluoroscopy Timer*
Commulative timer of 5 Minutes
Radiographic mA
50 mA, 100 mA at Small Focus 200 mA, 300 mA at Large Focus
Fluoroscopic mA*
Up to 3 mA maximum
Electronic Overload
Simultaneous protection from excess selection of mA, Time, KVP and input voltage.
Voltage Compensator Switch
For input voltage variations
Tube Head with Collimator
Indian/Imported Rotating Anode, Dual Focus 20/40 KW X-Ray Tube Unit with Light Beam Device (Manual or Motorized) Small Focus: 1.0 mm Square Large Focus: 2.0 mm Square
H.V. Cables
One pair of High Voltage Cables of length 6 meters (Diff. Lengths available on request)
Power Supply
440 Volts, AC, 50/60 Hz. 3 Phase Max. Allowable Line Regulation ± 10 %
Digital Displays
KVP, FmA & mAS
Visual Indicators
X-Ray ON, Live ON, Overload
*OPTIONALLY AVAILABLE AS PER CUSTOMER REQUIREMENT
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System Overview
1.3 DESCRIPTION OF CONTROL
16
17
18
20
19
14
15
1
13
2
12
3
11
4
5
6
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7
8
9
10
Page 5
System Overview
Description of Control Functions 1.
Fluoroscopic KVP Selector: Used to select Fluoroscopic KVP from 45 to 100 KVP in steps of 5 KVP. This function works only in machines provided with Fluoroscopy mode.
2.
Voltage Compensator Switch: Used to adjust Voltage on Voltmeter in fine steps.
3.
Fluoroscopy/Radiography Mode Selection Switch: Used to select either Radiographic or Fluoroscopic / Spot Filming Mode
4.
Ready Switch: Used to start Rotor & Filament Boosting.
5.
X-Ray Switch: X-Ray switch when pressed keeping the Ready switch pressed starts exposure. Exposure terminates after preset time.
6.
Horizontal/Vertical Bucky Selection Switch: When we switched ON the machine “HORIZONTAL” Bucky will energize by default. If we press “VER” switch then “VERTICAL” Bucky will select.
7.
ON Switch/OFF Switch: These Switches are used to energize/de-energize the equipment. By pressing ON Switch equipment get energizes and by pressing OFF
Switch it de-
energizes.
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System Overview 8.
Fluoro mA Increase/Decrease Switch (Only in Machines with Fluoroscopy option)
When (+) switch is pressed, Fluoro mA increases & when (-) switch is pressed, Fluoro mA decreases.
9.
Fluoro Timer Reset Switch: This switch is used to reset the Fluoro timer after completing 300 seconds of Fluoro exposure cycle.
10.
X-Ray Indicator: This indicator glows when X-Ray exposure is taking place.
11.
Overload Indicator: Glows when selected parameters viz. KVP, mA, Time or input voltage exceed Tube Rating Chart.
12.
Radiographic Minor KVP Selection Switch: Used to adjust Radiographic KVP in fine steps.
13.
Radiographic Timer Switch: Used to select radiographic time from 0.01 to 5 sec. in 24 steps.
14.
Technic Selector Switch: Used to select Radiographic mA from 50, 100, 200 or 300 mA.
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System Overview
15.
Radiographic Major KVP Selection Switch: Used to adjust Radiographic KVP in coarse steps.
16.
Voltmeter: 230 V.A.C.: Indicates Input Voltage to the machine.
17.
Fluoro mA Digital Display: Displays Fluoroscopic mA. This function works only in machines provided with Fluoroscopy. In Radiography machines, display remains blank.
18.
mAs Digital Display: Displays mAs as per mA selected from Technic selector and Time selected from Timer switch.
19.
Radiographic KVP Display: Displays active Radiographic KVP.
20.
mA Meter: Indicates Tube Current during exposure. Exposure
A.
Ready
HAND SWITCH
This is used to press Ready switch and Exposure switch using retractable type cord
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Packing List
2. PACKING LIST Sr. No.
Items
Box Size in Inches (L x B x H)
1
Control Panel
32 x 28 x 50
3
H.V. Tank (Single Tube operation)
25 x 24 x 27
H.V. Tank (Double Tube Operation)
30 x 24 x 34
4
Tube Head
16 x 14 x 32
5
(H.V. Cables + Collimator + Accessories)*
26.5 x 26.5 x 23
* No separate box provided in case Allpose / Multipose / Floatex Table is given in combination
Above is the standard packing list of Allengers-325. Actual contents of packing may vary depending upon the combination ordered.
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Unpacking Instructions
3. UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS Optimum care is taken while packing the machine so that the machine must reach to the final destination without any scratches and must be free from any transportation damages. The machine is first packed in Polythene sheet & then further packing is done either using foam/thermocole sheet. The outer carton could be of cardboard box or wooden ply packing. The wooden boxes are packed with the nails and metallic strips wound with the nuts and bolts. The Service Engineer should study the following safety points before installing the machine at the customer’s place:
!
Utmost care should be taken while unpacking the boxes. •
Always make sure that while unpacking the boxes the items contained in them do not get damaged.
•
While removing the screws, bolts or nuts from the boxes, make sure that the instrument used for removing the screws, bolts or nuts do not penetrate in the box and subsequently damage the contents of the box.
•
Extra Care should be taken while opening the heavier items as any sort of carelessness can cause injury to the person handling the item.
Follow the procedure below to open the packing: (i)
Remove the metallic strips by opening the nuts and bolts with the spanners.
(ii)
Remove the wooden packing from the sides by removing the nails. Care must be taken so that the contents of the box are not hit accidentally.
(iii)
Remove the thermocole packed material from the cardboard boxes after removing the packing tapes used to close the boxes (wherever applicable) and then remove thermocole packing sheet and polythene sheet by removing packing tape.
The unpacked parts must not be kept on the floor and can be kept on the packing sheets removed earlier to avoid any scratches on the parts and to keep them clean. Do not touch the parts with dirty hands or rub them with a piece of cloth to avoid any dirt marks on the parts. Check the contents of Packing as per Packing List along with the machine and report any damages or short shipments if any in prescribed format to Head Office. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.11
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Infrastructural Requirements
4. INFRASTRUCTRAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1 SUPPLY AND WIRING REQUIREMENTS Input Supply:
3 Phase 440 V AC 50/60 Hz. Line Resistance of 0.2 Ohms 24 kW Mains Switch: 63 Amps. 3 Phase, 440 Volt AC, 50/60 Hz.
Wiring Requirements: Pole to Electricity Meter-4 core, 20-25 mm2 Electricity Meter to Mains Switch-10 mm2 Mains Switch to Control -10 mm2 Control to HV Tank P1, P2 & G-10 mm2 XS, XL, A1 & mA-2.5 mm2/1.5 mm2 LBD-1.5 mm2 Control to Rotor -3 core, 2.5 mm2 Control to Table Bucky-1.5 mm2 Control to Vertical Bucky-1.5 mm2
4.2 EARTHING REQUIREMENT It is strongly recommended that independent earthing at zero potential is available at Mains switch in the X-Ray Room where machine is to be used. Independent earthing not only enhances the performance and reliability of the equipment but it is also safe for the operating staff as well.
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Infrastructural Requirements
4.3 SUGGESTED ROOM PLAN
OPEN AREA
CHEST STAND
WINDOWS ABOVE 2.5 m HEIGHT ALLOWED)
TABLE
PROTECTIVE BARRIER
DOOR (LEAD LINED)
TUBE STAND
CONTROL PANEL
CHANGE ROOM
CASSETTE PASS BOX
DOOR
DARK ROOM LIGHT TRAP AIR CONDITIONER
DOOR
SIMPLEST LAYOUT OF X-RAY ROOM AND DARK ROOM (FOR ROUTINE PROCEDURES IN A SMALL HOSPITAL)
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Infrastructural Requirements 4.3.1 X-Ray Room Layout Requirements 1. Location of X-Ray Installation: The rooms housing diagnostic X-Ray units and related equipment should be located as far away as feasible from areas of high occupancy and general traffic, such as maternity and paediatric wards and other departments of the hospital that are not directly related to radiation and its use. 2. Layout: The layout of rooms in X-ray department should aim at providing integrated facilities so that handling of X-ray equipment and related operations can be conveniently performed with adequate protection. The number of doors for entry to the X-ray room should be kept to the minimum. The doors and passages leading to the X-ray installation should permit safe and easy transport of equipment and non-ambulatory patients. The dark room should be so located that the primary X-ray beam cannot be directed on it. 3. Room Size: The room housing an X-ray equipment must be spacious enough to permit installation, use and servicing of equipment with safety and convenience for he operating personnel, the servicing personnel and the patient. The room size must not be less than the 25 sq. m. for a general purpose X-ray machine. 4. Shielding: Appropriate structural shielding shall be provided for the walls, the ceiling and the floor of the X-ray room so that doses received by workers occupationally exposed to the radiation and the members of the public are kept to a minimum and shall not exceed the annual effective dose equivalent limits of 50 mSv and 1 mSv respectively. The doors of an X-ray room shall provide the same shielding as that of the adjacent walls incase persons are likely to be present in front of them when the X-ray unit is energized. Appropriate shielding must be provided for the dark room to ensure that undeveloped X-ray films stored in it will not be exposed to more than an air kerma rate of 10 uGy per week (approximately 1.13 mR per week). 5. Openings and Ventilation: Unshielded openings, if provided in an X-ray room for ventilation or natural light etc. must be located above a height of 2.5 meters from the ground/floor level outside the X-ray room.
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Infrastructural Requirements
6. Illumination Control: Room housing fluoroscopy equipment must be so designed that adequate darkness can be achieved conveniently when desired in the room. A suitable red light must be provided in the room for the use of radiologist after dark adaptation. 7. Equipment Layout: The X-ray equipment must be installed in such a way that in normal use the useful beam is not directed towards control panel, doors, windows or areas of high occupancy. The useful beam should preferably be directed towards unoccupied areas of high occupancy. Sufficient area should be left around the X-ray table for safe and free movement of equipment/trolley, radiology staff and service personnel. 8. Control: In case of diagnostic X-ray equipment operating at 125 KV or above, the control must be installed in a separate control room located outside but contiguous to the X-ray room and provided with appropriate shielding. 9. Waiting Areas: Patient waiting area must be provided outside the X-ray room. 10. Warning Light And Placard: A suitable warning signal such as a red light must be provided at a conspicuous place outside the X-ray room and kept ‘ON’ when the X-ray unit is in use to prevent inadvertent entry of persons not connected with the examination. An appropriate warning placard must also be posted outside the X-ray room.
4.4 AIR CONDITIONING Although it is not mandatory to use this equipment in air-conditioned environment but maintaining a room temperature in the range of 25 to 30o C helps in providing sufficient cooling to the unit and thus maintaining proper functioning and reliability of equipment.
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Infrastructural Requirements
4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS: Storage Temperature 0 to 40o C Humidity Maximum 90% at 30o C Operating Conditions: Temperature Humidity
4.6
ROOM LAYOUT BOARD/BOARDS
10 to 40o C Upto 75%
APPROVAL
FROM
REGULATORY
Note: PLEASE REFER TO YOUR COUNTRY’S RULES AND REGULATIONS AS APPLICABLE TO MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY EQUIPMENTS. We suggest you to strictly follow the safety standards as applicable in your country for safety from Electrical, Mechanical & Radiation related hazards.
No X-Ray unit shall be commissioned unless the layout of the proposed X-Ray installation is approved by the competent authority.
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Installation Procedure
5. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 5.1 INTER CONNECTION WIRING DIAGRAM Do the electrical connections of 325 X-Ray generator as per wiring diagram given on next page. In case of Motorized table, details of electrical connections are given in installation manual of table.
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PH-2
PH-1
Installation Procedure
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Installation Procedure
5.2 ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE 1. Plan the location of various parts of machine i.e. Control, H.T. Tank, Table, Tube Stand etc. in an X-Ray room (As per Room Layout Plan). 2. A proper Earth connection must be available & all parts of X-Ray machine must be earthed. 3. Take measurements for lengths of different types of wires required as per their size. 4. Fix thimbles on different wires required for inter-connection of different parts as per Inter connection details. Ensure that thimbles on all wires are not loose. 5. Connect Line terminal depending upon 2 Phase input voltage. If voltmeter reads more than 230 V by adjusting voltage compensator switch. 6. Connect P1, P2 & Ground from control to H.T. tank’s P1. P2 & GND as shown in inter connection details. 7. Connect filament connections from control to H.T. Tank as follows: TS12-1 to mA of H.T. Tank. TS12-2 to XS of H.T. Tank. TS12-3 to A1 of H.T. Tank. TS12-4 to XL of H.T. Tank. 8. Connect TS12-5 & 6 wires from terminal strip on H.T Tank for LBD supply of XRay Tube. 9. Connect Rotor connections from control as follows: TS5-1 to 5 on Tube. TS5-2 to 3 on Tube. TS5-3 to 2 on Tube.
10. Connect H.V. Cables from H.T. Tank to Tube Head as follows: +ve of H.V. Tank to +ve of Tube Head. -ve of H.V. Tank to –ve of Tube Head.
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Installation Procedure PRECAUTION TO BE TAKEN WHILE ASSEMBLING H.V. CABLES AND H.V. TANK The Entire surface of the Bushing & Receptacle should be thoroughly cleaned for any dirt or dust. Jelly should be applied on the High Voltage Bushings of the HV Cables so as not to leave any air between receptacles & bushings. The Earth wire on the HV Transformer should be properly tightened. All connections on the H.T. Tank & Tube Head should be firmly tightened.
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Installation Procedure
5.3 INSTALLATION CHECKPOINTS 5.3.1
Control Panel
The control panel is placed above the pedestal.
G.I. Earthing is fixed to the Control’s body.
Control is placed on flat and even surface.
Pipe couplers are fixed on the wirings entry and exit points.
All wiring inside the control is with proper thimbles and harnessed so that the wiring is away from wire wound resistors.
Necessary Strain Relief (cable tie) etc. is fixed, so that, the wiring does not come out when pulled.
Earthing of the control is fixed properly.
No hole in the control is left open so that Rats & Mice should not enter the control.
All covers are fixed properly and no screw is left loose.
All knobs are tight and are without any play.
All meters are functioning properly.
Movement of all the Switches is smooth.
All the Digital Displays are functioning properly and the intensity is uniform.
Panel plate is clean and is free from scratches.
Control’s general appearance is tidy and clean.
Wiring from control to H.T. Tank is underground / fixed on wall covered with pipe & G.I. Earthing wire running along with it.
FmA Knob has no play & the Pot is not broken.
5.3.2
High Voltage Tank
H.T. Tank should preferably be kept on a wooden stand at least 6” high.
No Oil Leakage is observed.
G.I. Earthing wire connected to the Tank.
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Installation Procedure
All wires are thimbled and fixed to terminals. Proper strain relief is used on wires so as to avoid any disconnections.
All wiring reaching up to the Tank is covered with pipe and couplers fixed at ends.
High Voltage Cables are fixed firmly and oil/jelly is put in H.V. Cable receptacles.
H.V. Cables routed through cable hanger fixed on tank.
Covers are fixed on H.T. Tank and screws are not loose.
H.V. Cable routing with Rotor and LBD Wire is proper.
PVC Tape with buttons is used for H.V. Cable harnessing and routing is uniform throughout up to the Tube.
H.V. Cables are not lying on floor and cables in no way obstruct the movement of the vertical carriage.
H.T. Tank should not be obstructing the column (Round Pipe) movement while doing under couch operations.
5.3.3
Fluoroscopy/Spot Film Device
Lead Glass & Fluoroscent screen is seated firmly in place & is not loose.
Lead Glass is not cracked.
All switches on SFD are functioning properly & their mounting is not loose (Particularly Hand Switches)
The movement of SFD Grid & divider (Two in one) is smooth.
The cassette carrier’s spring tension is not too tight.
The cassette carrier’s movement is smooth.
The 14” X 14” frame insertion is smooth & holds the cassettes firmly.
The change over switch is functioning OK.
SFD/Fluoroscopy mounting on C-Arm is not tilted & is straight.
The locks of SFD/Fluoroscopy are engaging properly.
The Tube’s movement for under couch operation is smooth.
Cough Guard & lead flap is present on fluoroscopy/SFD.
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Installation Procedure
Cassette stoppers/exposure position selectors are functioning properly.
Movement of the LBD shutters from SFD is OK & switch panel SFD is mounted at an appropriate place (not LBD).
The Routing of SFD wires is proper & wires do not entangle with SFD/Tube stand.
The fluoroscopy/SFD is counter balanced with Tube unit on C-Arm.
All screws on assemblies are tight.
All electrical functions of the SFD are working properly.
The LBD’s centre & lead glass centre is matching (Tube with respect to lead glass).
Films taken on SFD do not get cut/overlapped.
X-Ray field as seen on fluoroscent screen does not extend beyond the size of lead glass when the LBD shutters are fully open.
5.3.4
General Checks
General appearance of machine is clean.
Wooden Beam or U channel is painted.
H.V. Cable routing is proper.
Machine parameters are calibrated properly.
Light & X-Ray beam matches.
Filter in the Tube head cover is present.
LBD doesn’t move on handling with respect to Tube Unit.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation
6.1 CIRCUIT EXPLANATION DRG. NO:-E-360-R5 Note: 1.The letters written in curly brackets {} denotes the location of part/ Component / contact terminal in wiring diagram. 2.Abbreviation • • • • • • • •
NO stands for normally open contact of a Relay / Contactor. NC Stands for Normally Close Contact of Relay/Contactor F stands for Fuse TS stand for Terminal Strip RE stands for Relay X-Mer stands for Transformer Ckt. Stands for Circuit CP, JP, CN, J stands for connector number of cards • SCR stands for Silicon Control Rectifier • MB Stands for Motherboard Card
Switching on Main MCB. When we switch ON the MCB, 2-Phase supply is given from Bakelite Terminal Strip to HRC Fuses (F1 & F2) and from Fuses to ON/OFF Contactor Terminals as given below Phase 1 is given to the RE1-C & D {A1} & ON/OFF Transformer {A1-B1},
RE1 Coil (Phase-2 to RE1 Coil is fed from Motherboard Card). Phase 2 is given to the RE1-A & B {C1}, On/Off Transformer {A1-B1} &
Motherboard card connector CN4-1. •
Now ON/OFF Transformer gets ON & gives outputs of 0-12V AC & 0-12V AC to Power Supply Card Connector CN1-1&2, 3&4.
•
DC output (Relay Supply) of Power Supply Card CN2-1 (+12V DC) & CN2-2 (0V DC) is fed to Motherboard Card Connector CN2-1 (+12VDC) & CN2-2 (0VDC)
•
DC output (ON Supply) of Power Supply Card from CN2-3 (+12V DC) & CN2-4 (0V DC) is fed to Motherboard Card CN2-3 (+12VDC) & CN2-4 (0VDC).
•
Now Indicator along with OFF Switch gets ON.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 1. Switch ‘ON’ the Machine. The moment machine is switched ON, Relay RE1 (ON/OFF Relay) gets energized and closes its NO Contacts. 2. Then Relay RE1 becomes ON as one Contact of RE1-ON-OFF is connected in series with RE1-Coil. 3. When RE1 become ON it closes all its NO Contacts & supply to Machine become available. 4. Select Radio or Fluoro Mode. 5. On selecting the Radio Mode from Panel respective Relay ‘F/R Mode’ become ON in Motherboard Circuit. Radiography Mode 6. When Relay F/R become OFF then, Relay RE14 gets energized and closes its NO Contact as F/R Relay NC Contact is in series with RE14 Coil. 7. NO contact (RE14-C) in series with solenoid supply for selecting Overcouch Tube is closed and NC Contact (RE14-C) in series with solenoid supply for selecting Undecouch Tube is opened. High Voltage and Rotor connections from H.T. Tank will be made with Overcouch Tube (Applicable only in Machines with Two tubes operation). 8. 0V Supply comes through one of the Micro Switches connected against Coil of Overcouch Solenoid in H.T. Tank to energize Relay RE16. NO Contact (RE16-A) closes to give 24V Supply to Timer Card & Overload Card. 9. If all parameters selected on Control are within limits, Relay RE12 (O/L Relay), which is in Overload Card gets energized and closes its NO Contact (RE12-B) in series with Ready Relay RE2 and opens its NC Contact (RE12-A) in line of O/L Indicator. 10. Small or Large Filament of Tube starts glowing depending upon mA station selected from Technic selector. Also P2 of H.T Transformer gets neutral supply. 11. On pressing the Ready Switch, Relay READY become ON in Motherboard Coil which further energize the Relay RE2 and Relay RE8 gets energized. 12. NO Contact (RE2-A) in line of Filament gets closed and Filament now gets boosted voltage. 13. NO Contact (RE2-E) connected in series with Bucky Supply gets closed. 14. NC Contact (RE2-G) connected in series with Fluoro Contactor RE9 gets opened.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 15. NO Contact (RE2-H) connected in Rotor Circuit gets closed to supply neutral to Current Transformers to complete the path of Rotor and Stator of Tube so that Rotor starts moving at 230V. 16. NC Contact (RE2-I) connected to KVP Card gets opened. 17. Due to flow of current in Current Transformer’s (connected across rotor winding) Primary Winding, Voltage is induced in Secondary and Relay RE3A gets energized. 18. NO Contact (RE3A-A) gets closed and gives supply of 24V to Timer Card. 19. Due to flow of current in another Current Transformer’s (connected across Stator Winding) Primary Winding, Voltage is induced in Secondary and Relay RE3 also gets energized. 20. NO contact (RE3-A) connected in series with Relay RE6 (Exposure Start Relay) gets closed. 21. Due to supply of 24V in Timer Circuit, Capacitor of 470 μF in Timer Circuit starts charging. After time delay of 0.8 or 1.5 seconds depending upon Tube, Capacitor gets fully charged and supply is now available to Time Delay Relay RE4 in Timer Card so that RE4 gets energized. 22. NC Contact (RE4-A) connected to 230 V for supplying this voltage to Rotor gets opened and NO Contact (RE4-B) connected to 70 V gets closed to supply 70 V to Rotor. 23. NC Contact (RE4-B) connected in series with 1K Resistance across Current Transformer gets opened so as to Compensate the Voltage drop across Relay RE3 due to voltage cut off from 230V to 70V. 24. Due to voltage drop across Resistance of 6.2 ohms connected in series with 70V Supply to Rotor Circuit, supply goes to input of Bridge Rectifier and Relay RE5 connected across Bridge Rectifier’s output gets energized. 25. NO Contact (RE5-A) connected in line of Relay RE6 (Exposure Start Relay) gets closed. 26. As Relay RE8 is energized (along with Relay RE2), NO Contacts (RE8-A, RE8-B & RE8-C) also gets closed. 27. On pressing X-Ray Switch, Exposure Start Relay RE6 gets energized. 28. NO Contact (RE6-B) connected Overload Relay RE12 in Overload Circuit gets closed. This Contact is used to bypass the Overload incase of accidental Contacts.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 29. NO Contact (RE6-C) connected in series with Timer Chain in Timer Circuit gets closed and starts charging Capacitor of 33 μF. NC Contact (RE6-C) connected across Capacitor gets opened. 30. Relay RE7 (Radio Timer Relay) gets supply from Timer Card and gets energized. 31. NO Contact RE7-A connected in series with SCR Relay RE20 gets closed. 32. Relay RE20 gets energized and closes its NO Contact RE20-A in SCR Firing Circuit to trigger the SCR. Supply goes to P1 of H.T. Transformer and Exposure Starts. 33. After preset Time selected from Timer Switch, 33µF Capacitor gets fully charged and supply to Relay RE7 is disconnected. RE7 gets de-energized and NO Contact (RE7-A) gets opened and de-energizes SCR Relay RE20. 34. Relay RE20 opens its Contact in SCR Firing Circuit and Exposure Stops. 35. Relay RE15 (KVP Locking Relay) is connected to KVP Locking Card. KVP Metering Transformer and KVP Display Transformer gives Supply to KVP Locking Card, which in turn energizes the Relay RE15. 36. KVP Locking Card senses the P1 P2 Voltage and if KVP is more that 125 KVP it gives supply to Relay RE15 otherwise it keeps RE15 de-energized. 37. NC Contact (RE15-A) connected in series with RE8 Contactor gets opened in case of more KVP and thus Exposure does not take place. Fluoroscopy Mode* 38. If fluoroscopy mode is selected then Relay F/R becomes ON & one Contact of F/R Relay is in series with RE13 Coil & Relay RE13 will be energized. Undercouch Solenoid Coil is selected as Undercouch Coil is getting supply through NC Contact (RE14-C). High Voltage and Rotor connections from H.T. Tank will be made with Undercouch Tube (Applicable only in Machine with Two Tubes operation). 39. 0V supply comes through one of the Micro Switches connected against Coil of Undercouch Solenoid in H.T. Tank to energize Relay RE16. NO Contact (RE16-A) closes to give 24V Supply to Timer Card & Overload Card. 40. NO Contact (RE13-A) connected in series with pot type resistance of 200 Ohms, 50 W gets closed and supply goes to Small Filament and Filament starts glowing. 41. NO Contact (RE13-B) connected in series with Fluoro Contactor RE9 gets closed and Fluoro relay RE9 gets energized. 42. NO Contact (RE11-C) connected in series with Relay Module gets closed and Relay Module further initialize the Memory Unit for capturing images on Monitor. 43. NO Contacts (RE9-A, RE9-B & RE9-C) gets closed. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 44. NO Contact (RE13-C) connected in series with Foot Switch gets closed. 45. On pressing Foot Switch, Relay RE11 gets 0V Supply and gets energized. 46. NO Contact (RE11-A) connected in series with SCR Relay gets closed and SCR Relay RE20 gets energized. 47. NC Contact (RE11-B) connected in series with Buzzer gets opened. 48. NO Contact (RE20-A) in SCR Firing Circuit gets closed and triggers the SCR gate. Supply goes to P1 of H.T. Transformer and Exposure starts. 49. After time period of 5 minutes, Relay RE11 gets de-energized and NC Contact (RE11B) gets closed to sound the Buzzer. 50. Reset Switch is connected in parallel with Capacitor 1000 μF, 25V so that on pressing this Capacitor gets discharged and gets Ready for charging when Foot Switch is pressed again. If Reset Switch is not pressed before pressing Foot Switch again, then Capacitor will make the RE11 to remain de-energized and Buzzer will sound. Spot Film Mode* 51. If fluoroscopy mode is selected then Relay RE13 will be energized. Undercouch Solenoid Coil is selected as Undercouch Coil is getting supply through NC Contact (RE14-C). High Voltage and Rotor Connections from H.T. Tank will be made with Undercouch Tube (Applicable only in Machines with Two Tubes operation). 52. 0V supply comes through one of the Micro Switches connected against Coil of Undercouch Solenoid in H.T. Tank to Energize Relay RE16. NO Contact (RE16-A) closes to give 24V Supply to Timer Card & Overload Card. 53. NO Contact (RE13-A) connected in series with pot type resistance of 200 Ohms, 50 W gets closed and supply goes to Small Filament and Filament Starts glowing. 54. NO Contact (RE13-B) connected in series with Fluoro Contactor RE9 gets closed. 55. NO Contact (RE13-C) connected in series with Foot Switch gets closed. 56. On sliding the Cassette holder towards Lead Glass and Fluoroscent Screen, Micro Switch i.e. Changeover Switch is pressed and energizes the Spot Film Relay RE10. 57. NO Contact (RE10-A) in series with Exposure Start Relay RE6 gets closed. 58. NO Contact (RE10-B) in series with Ready Relay gets closed and energizes the Ready Relay. 59. NO Contact (RE10-C) in series with Filament Supply gets closed and supply goes to Small or Large Filament depending upon mA Station Selected from Technic Selector and Filament starts glowing.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 60. NC Contact (RE10-D) in series with 200 Ohm, 50 W pot type Resistance for supply to Small Focus Filament opens and supply to Small Filament through pot type Resistance cuts-off. 61. NO Contact (RE10-D) in parallel with 1000 μF, 25V Capacitor gets closed and discharges the Capacitor. It also bypass this Capacitor so that Capacitor does not charge and Reset Switch need not to be pressed each time for Spot Filming. 62. NC Contact (RE10-L) in series with Relay Module gets open so that on Pressing Foot Switch Memory does not initialize. 63. NO Contact (RE2-A) in series with Filament gets closed and Filament now gets boosted voltage. 64. NO Contact (RE2-E) connected in series with Bucky Supply gets closed. 65. NC Contact (RE2-G) connected in series with Fluoro Contactor RE9 gets opened. 66. NO Contact (RE2-H) connected in Rotor Circuit gets closed to supply neutral to Current Transformers to complete the path of Rotor and Stator of Tube so that Rotor starts moving at 230V. 67. NC Contact (RE2-I) connected to KVP Card gets opened. 68. Due to flow of Current in Current Transformer’s (connected across rotor winding) Primary Winding, Voltage is induced in Secondary and Relay RE3A gets energized. 69. NO Contact (RE3A-A) gets closed and gives supply of 24V to Timer Card. 70. Due to flow of Current in another Current Transformer’s (connected across stator winding) Primary Winding, Voltage is induced in Secondary and Relay RE3 also gets energized. 71. NO Contact (RE3-A) connected in line of Relay RE6 (Exposure Start Relay) gets closed. 72. Due to supply of 24V in Timer Circuit, Capacitor of 470 μF in Timer Circuit starts charging. After Time Delay of 0.8 or 1.5 seconds depending upon Tube, Capacitor gets fully charged and supply is now available to Time Delay Relay RE4 in Timer Card so that RE4 gets energized. 73. NC Contact (RE4-A) connected to 230V for supplying this voltage to rotor gets opened and NO Contact (RE4-B) connected to 70V gets closed to supply 70V to Rotor. 74. NC Contact (RE4-B) connected in series with 1K Resistance across Current Transformer gets opened so as to Compensate the Voltage drop across relay RE3 due to voltage cut off from 230V to 70V.
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Circuit Diagram & Circuit Explanation 75. Due to voltage drop across Resistance of 6.2 ohms connected in series with 70V supply to Rotor Circuit, supply goes to input of Bridge Rectifier and Relay RE5 connected across Bridge Rectifier’s output gets energized. 76. NO Contact (RE5-A) connected in line of Relay RE6 (Exposure Start Relay) gets closed. 77. X-Ray Contactor RE8 also gets energized after sliding cassette holder and closes its NO Contacts (RE8-A, RE8-B & RE8-C). 78. On pressing the Foot Switch, Relay RE11 gets energized and closes its NO Contact (RE11-A) in series with Fluoro Contactor RE9. 79. When NO Contact (RE11-A) closes, Exposure Start Contactor RE6 gets energized. 80. NO Contact (RE6-B) connected Overload Relay RE12 in Overload Circuit gets closed. This Contact is used to bypass the Overload once X-Ray Exposure Starts. 81. NO Contact (RE6-C) connected in series with Timer Chain in Timer Circuit gets closed and starts charging Capacitor of 33 μF. NC Contact (RE6-C) connected across capacitor gets opened. 82. Relay RE7 (Radio Timer Relay) gets supply from Timer Card and gets energized. 83. NO Contact (RE7-A) connected in series with SCR Relay RE20 gets closed. 84. NO Contacts (RE20-A) in firing circuit gets closed and triggers the gate of SCR. Supply goes to P1 of H.T. Transformer and Exposure starts. 85. After preset time selected from Timer Switch, 33µF Capacitor gets fully charged and supply to relay RE7 is disconnected. RE7 gets de-energized and NO Contact (RE7-A) gets opened and de-energizes SCR Relay RE20. 86. NO Contact (RE20-A) opens and stops Exposure. 87. Relay RE15 (KVP Locking Relay) is connected to KVP Locking Card. KVP metering Transformer and KVP Display Transformer gives supply to KVP locking Card, which in turn energizes the Relay RE15. 88. KVP Locking Card senses the P1 P2 voltage and if KVP is more that 125 KVP it gives supply to Relay RE15 otherwise it keeps RE15 de-energized. 89. NC Contact (RE15-A) connected in series with RE8 contactor gets opened in case of more KVP and thus exposure does not take place. *OPTIONALLY AVAILABLE AS PER CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS
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Calibration and Testing
7. CALIBRATION AND TESTING 7.1 ENERGIZING THE EQUIPMENT 7.1.1 The equipment must be energized after ensuring that the input voltage is correct, earthing is connected to the equipment, all connections are correctly made, polarity of H.V. cables is confirmed at Tube Head & H.T. Tank, there are no loose connections and rating of fuses is correct. 7.1.2 The equipment should be switched ‘ON’ and voltage must be set at 230 V on voltmeter before initiating any other step. 7.1.3 Wait for 5 minutes before exposure is initiated to ensure proper warm up of the equipment. 7.1.4 Check filament glow inside the Tube Head through its window. If small focus is selected from Technic selector on control then small filament should glow and if large filament is selected from Technic selector on control then large filament should glow. 7.1.5 Always start with low rated exposure at low kV, mA & time and then gradually increase the factors.
7.2 CARRYING OUT PRELIMINARY TESTS Once the machine is energized, check the following in equipment: 7.2.1 No abnormal sound / sparking in the equipment. 7.2.2 No burning / overheating smell from equipment. 7.2.3 No auto running of tube rotor. 7.2.4 No fuse should blow. 7.2.5 Fluoro / Radiographic exposure should not initiate automatically. 7.2.6 Check Rotor circuit capacitor values 25 μF, 440 V 7.2.7 Check that all displays i.e. mAS, KVP etc. glow at all time intervals selected and at all mA stations. 7.2.8 In case of double tube machines check that at Fluoro selection, the undercouch tube is selected and at radio selection overcouch tube is selected. This can be verified by looking at window in tube head for glow of filament. 7.2.9 Press “Ready” switch & observe that rotor of tube is moving. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Calibration and Testing
7.3 CALIBRATING THE EQUIPMENT 7.3.1 Set the voltage on voltmeter at 230 V AC i.e. pointer at red band. Now check the voltage with calibrated Digital Multimeter connected across the voltmeter. Voltage on voltmeter should be within ± 2 Volts. If voltage is out of these limits then set the pointer reading on voltmeter within ± 2 Volts of indicated reading on digital Multimeter with the help of adjusting screw on top of voltmeter window. 7.3.2 Check the Radiography Timer Accuracy by disconnecting P1-P2 from the Tank. Connect the Time Interval Meter / Counter Meter to the 1 No. Terminal of the TS-7. For this purpose open connection from terminal 1 of TS-7. Connect one end of the Counter Meter to the Open Terminal and one end to the Terminal End from where the Connection has been removed. Press Ready switch and make an exposure. Check the timer accuracy at 3-4 stations. If the time setting is not accurate to ± 2 %, then adjust it from the 10 k pot in the Timer Card located near heat sink. To increase the time, turn the pot in anti-clockwise direction. To decrease the time, turn the pot clockwise. 10 k POT
RADIO TIMER CARD
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Calibration and Testing 7.3.3 Check the Fluoroscopy Timer Accuracy. With the help of the Wrist Watch or the Counter Meter check the Fluoro Timer. It should sound the buzzer after 5 Minutes. If buzzer does not sounds after 5 minutes then adjust it from the pot on the Fluoro Timer Card. There are two pots on the Fluoro Timer Card. The upper pot of 10 kΩ on the Timer Card will increase the time duration if it is turned in the Anti-Clockwise Direction. This is meant for the Fine Setting. The Lower Pot of 1 MΩ on the Timer Card will increase the time duration if it is turned in the Clockwise Direction. This is meant for the Coarse Setting.
10 kΩ POT
1 MΩ POT
FLUORO TIMER CARD 7.3.4
Check the Overload Settings as follows: mA
KVP
300
80
1.5
200
90
3.0
100
100
3.0
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Time(Toshiba)
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Calibration and Testing Overload Indicator should glow at all the above conditions. If required, overload conditions can be adjusted from the pots provided for each mA station on the Overload Card.
OVERLOAD CARD 7.3.5 Check for the FmA Pot locking and the movement ending at the end of the circular movement. 7.3.6 Advance Contact has to be visually checked for its presence in case of Radiography Contactor RE8 and Fluoro Contactor RE9. 7.3.7 Check for the Rotor Delay Time of 1.5 Seconds. After Ready pressing, listen the ticking of the relay (RE4). The Relay should tick after the time spans mentioned above. This time can be adjusted from the pot of 10kΩ in the Timer Card.
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Calibration and Testing
10 kΩ POT
RADIO TIMER CARD 7.3.8 Check the mA in mA meter at all stations by making exposure at 70 KVP. Adjust the mA if required as follows: Separate bands are provided on resistances for F, 50, 100, 200, 300 mA.. F, 50 & 100 mA bands are provide on small focus resistance of 750Ω, 200 W and 200, 300 mA bands are provided on large focus resistance of 400 Ω, 200 W. If mA value is to be increased in mA meter, then move the band for selected mA station in upwards direction. If mA value is to be decreased then move the band for selected mA station in downwards direction.
Small Focus Resistance
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Large Focus Resistance
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Calibration and Testing
7.3.9 Check the functioning of the Booster Transformer. Select following parameters: (i)
100 mA, 70 KVP, 1.25 Seconds
The filament supply should be stable during the Exposure. This voltage is noted down with the help of the calibrated Analog Multimeter placed between Xs and A1. These are terminals 2-3 of TS12. If voltage is not stable during exposure across these terminals, then adjust the booster resistance of 30 Ω, 200 W to achieve stability.
Booster Resistance
7.3.10 Repeat step as mentioned in 7.3.8. 7.3.11 Check the effect of space charge. Make exposures at the following parameters: 100 mA, 40 KV & 100 mA, 70 KV Observe the mA at both the exposures. In case there is a variation of more than 5% in the mA readings at two KVP values then adjust it from the space Charge Resistance by moving band provided for 100 mA station. Similarly, make exposure at 40 KV & 70 KV for 200, 300 mA station. And adjust the mA setting from bands provided for 200, 300 mA stations. After adjusting space charge resistance again calibrate mA as per step 7.3.8
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Calibration and Testing
Space charge resistance
7.3.12 Check the Rotor Current of tubes. Place the calibrated tong tester around individual terminals i.e. 1, 2, 3. Press the Ready Switch. Now note the two readings i.e. one initially and second after some time delay for each terminal. The values of the currents should be within the limits as follows:
Current
Rotor Terminal
Std. Values
Starting Current
1
5.0 – 5.5 Amps.
Current after time delay
1
1.0 – 1.5 Amps.
Starting Current
2
2.1 – 2.6 Amps.
Current after time delay
2
0.6 – 0.8 Amps.
Starting Current
3
4.1 – 4.5 Amps.
Current after time delay
3
0.9 – 1.2 Amps.
7.3.13 Check the Rotor Voltage of tubes. Place the calibrated Digital Multimeter between the Terminals 1-2 and then between 1-3 and finally between 2-3. Press the Ready Switch. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Calibration and Testing Now note the two readings i.e. one initially and second after 0.8 seconds time delay between each set of terminals. The values of the Voltages should be within the limits as follows: Voltage
Rotor Terminals
Std. Values
Starting Voltage
1-2
220-270 V
Voltage after time delay
1-2
60-80 V
Starting Voltage
1-3
180-210 V
Voltage after time delay
1-3
50-60 V
Starting Voltage
2-3
280-330 V
Voltage after time delay
2-3
80-100 V
7.3.14 Check the P1-P2 voltage by placing calibrated digital Multimeter across P1-P2 terminals and making exposure as per following KVP chart. Voltages mentioned below are On Load Voltages. KVP
Std. P1-P2 Voltage at 50 mA
100 mA
200 mA
300 mA
40
84
90
96
106
50
102
110
119
134
60
120
130
142
162
70
138
150
165
190
80
156
170
180
210
90
174
190
211
246
100
192
210
234
274
If P1-P2 voltage is not coming within ± 20 V at different mA stations, then calibrate the KVP from bands provided on KVP adjusting resistances one each for 100, 200 & 300. If adjustment is to be made for the 50mA then this can be done from two pots provided on the KVP Card. One pot is for coarse adjustment and second for fine adjustment. Coarse pot when turned clockwise increases the KVP and vice-versa. Fine pot when turned clockwise decreases the KVP. Pots on these cards will affect the KVP settings at all stations. So, first adjust KVP at 50 mA station from these pots and then adjust KVP at other mA stations from KVP adjusting band on resistances. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Calibration and Testing
Coarse Adjustment Pot
Fine Adjustment Pot
KVP CARD 7.3.15 Check P1-P2 Current with Tong Tester. Also note down mA either visually on mA meter or with the help of the mAS meter connected in series with the mA Meter. The current mentioned in following chart is approximate value of current that flows under normal operating conditions: S.No.
mA Station
KVP
Time (Seconds)
P1-P2 Current
1
50
70
1.0
20 Amps.
2
100
70
0.8
40 Amps.
3
200
70
0.8
80 Amps.
4
300
50
0.8
120 Amps.
7.3.16 Check L.B.D. Supply across TS12 terminals 5-6 and TS11 terminals 9-10 (In case of Double Tank Combination only) with calibrated digital multimeter. It should be within 24 ± 1 Volts. 7.3.17 Check Bucky Supply across TS12 terminals 7-8 and pressing Ready switch. It should be within 230 ± 10 Volts. For this purpose the Bucky should be at IN position. 7.3.18 Hand Switch is checked physically for its proper operation.
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Calibration and Testing 7.3.19 Check locking of KVP at upper position. If KVP selected is more than 120 KVP, then exposure should not be initiated by pressing X-ray exposure switch. If exposure is initiated on pressing X-ray exposure switch then adjust KVP locking as follows: Select 100 mA and 121 KV. The Overload conditions should not persist. Adjust the pot on the KVP locking Card and notice the ticking of the RE15 Relay. At this position the pot should be left in its position. There are two pots for fine adjustment.
KVP LOCKING CARD
7.3.20 Check the filament voltage Boosting between A1 and XS & between A1 and XL by placing calibrated digital multimeter between TS –12 terminals 2-3. Note down the reading of the Voltage initially and then note the voltage of the Filament after pressing Ready switch. The Boosting of XS should be about 50 Volts. The Boosting of XL should be about 80 Volts. 7.3.21 Check the No Load Current of the H.T. Transformer. No Load Current of the H.T. Transformer should be less than 1 Amp. For this purpose disconnect A1 from the Tank. Keep the factors at 100mA and 50 KV. Expose and then take reading by placing calibrated instantaneous tong tester around P1 or P2. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Calibration and Testing
7.3.22 Check Vertical Bucky Supply (Incase it is provided) by placing calibrated digital multimeter between TS12-8 & TS12-9 terminals (In case of X-Ray generator having Radiography only) and between TS12-8 & TS19-7 (In case of X-Ray generator having Fluoroscopy & Spot filming capabilities) Press the Ready Switch (Vertical Bucky selected IN the circuit by Bucky selection switch provided on control) and note the voltage. This voltage should be within 230 ± 2 Volts. 7.3.23 Check the Fluoro mA. Select Fluoro mode from control panel. Place calibrated tong tester around P1 or P2 wires. Make exposure at maximum Fluoro mA by turning Fluoro mA knob fully in clockwise direction and 70 KVP. Fluoro mA should display 3 mA and tong tester should display 1 Ampere. If reading is found different then adjust it from F band on small focus resistance i.e. the same resistance from which 50, 100 mA bands are adjusted. If mA value is to be increased, then move the band for selected mA station in upwards direction. If mA value is to be decreased then move the band for selected mA station in downwards direction. At 1 Ampere on tong tester, display should show 3 mA. If display value is not 3 mA, then adjust it from Fluoro mA display card.
7.3.24 The Radiation and the Optical Field of the Collimator is always factory adjusted but in case the adjustment gets disturbed then any shift in the X Axis can be adjusted with the help of the Front Adjusting Screw. Any shift in the Y Axis can be adjusted with the help of the Bulb. To check this select 100 mA, 60 KVP & 1 second. Place the Fluoroscent screen under the collimator. Switch On the light field on collimator. Adjust the light field to fall on area of fluoroscent screen. Switch OFF the light of collimator and make exposure at selected factors in dark room. X-ray field must fall on the area of fluoroscent screen. If alignment of light beam and X-ray field is not matching then adjust either from front screw or bulb as required.
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Calibration and Testing
Press to ON Switch
Adjustment in Bulb for Shift in X-axis
Shutter Movement Knobs
Adjustment in Bulb for Shift in Y-axis
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Calibration and Testing
7.4
PROCEDURE FOR CARRYING OUT QA TESTS AS PER REGULATORY BOARD
The aim of quality assurance (QA) tests in diagnostic radiology is to ensure good quality images with optimal doses. Images of poor quality will necessitate retakes and can result in unnecessary doses to patients, personnel and public and overloading of the machine. The parameters that affect the quality of the image include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Applied tube potential (kV) Quantity of radiation reaching the film, which depends on the current and time of exposure (mAs) Focal spot size Beam alignment Congruence of optical and radiation fields Contact between film and screen Processing conditions
The QA programme begins with the specification of performance of the equipment at the manufacturing stage (performance standards tests) and then includes the tests after installation in the hospital (acceptance tests) to ensure conformity with the specifications. The QA tests are carried out thereafter at regular intervals, after repairs that might affect performance and when equipment malfunction is suspected. The rate of film rejection – in other words, the number of retakes – may indicate inefficient operation and this should be periodically analyzed to ensure good QA. This could also help to identify performance deterioration, which requires service attention. The radiologists and the radiographers should be educated on the importance of the QA tests. The importance of obtaining good quality images keeping the doses to levels as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) to patients, staff and public must be stressed. Simultaneously, requirements in respect of filtration, collimator, leakage radiation, safe work practices and proper installation planning must be fulfilled. The Q.A Tests as specified in the local radiation safety standards may be carried out. Please refer to your country’s directives with regard to this.
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Troubleshooting
8. TROUBLESHOOTING S. No. 1
Fault Symptoms Machine does not get ‘ON’
Possible Reasons for Fault Check three-phase supply at the main switch. Check the fuses F1 and F2 (63 Amps HRC Fuses). Check input supply 440 volts at Phase-to-Phase inside control. Check the MCB, it should give continuity during “ON” position. Check the continuity at TS11-2 and TS11-3. It should give continuity. Check ON/OFF relay whether it is getting “ON” or not. If relay is getting “ON” check the contacts of ON/OFF relay on Motherboard. Check the contacts of RE1 contactor. This is a 4 NO NC, 16 Amp contactor. All four contacts should give continuity when checked with Multimeter by pressing its contacts manually. Also check the continuity of On switch. It may be defective.
2 3
4
Check the voltage compensator switch. Some times if the machine is not getting “ON” at a particular station the voltage compensator switch may be open at that particular station, to check that select compensator switch at that step and check the continuity of that particular wire up to Auto transformer. This wire may be open from this end. ON/OFF Not Transistor Q4 (CL 100) defective. getting ON at Motherboard Voltmeter Check the three-phase supply at the Main Switch at its input and at the showing half output side. One phase wire may be disconnected or one phase may be reading missing from the main supply.
F1, F2 Blowing off while switching ON the machine
If 440 Volts input supply to control is available then check the 0 V wire for voltmeter, it may be open at TS1-1. If voltage at the back of voltmeter is 230 V but still voltmeter is showing half reading that means voltmeter is defective. These fuses F1 & F2 are H.R.C. fuses. These will only blow when the 63 Amps MCB used in machine is not working MCB Rating 32 Amp. 1 no. Tap or 12 no. Tap of voltage compensator switch may be short internally or externally. Due to this heavy current will flow through line or neutral. If MCB is functionally OK then it will trip. If MCB is not working then F1 & F2 will blow within seconds.
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Troubleshooting 5
F3 Blowing while switching ON the machine
6
F4 Blowing off while switching ON the machine
F3 fuse is connected in series with all relays, which are working on 230 AC directly i.e. RE16, RE2, RE6, RE8, and RE9 & RE10 & also connected in series with Fluoro filament circuit. So this fuse will blow due to some problem in any one of these relays or circuit. For checking problem in relays or particular relay circuit, disconnect terminal TS8-6 (230 Volts Supply for all the relays) and check if fuse is blowing. If fuse is not blowing now, then there is problem in some relay section. Check all the relays coils by disconnecting all relay coils one by one. The coil of any relay may be short internally or with the ground. If all the relays coils are OK then there may be fault in Flouro filament circuit. Check the continuity of TS8-6 & TS10-3 with GND or body of machine. If meter is showing any continuity then FmA pot, or 400 ohm, 150 w is getting shorted with body of machine. Also if the XS terminal is getting short with GND this fuse will blow. To check this disconnect TS12-3 from control and check continuity. In case of the machines with I.I.TV combinations, I.I. supply, Camera supply or the Trolley supply may be short. To check the camera supply, disconnect the wires from TS17-57 & TS1755 (This terminal strip is on the top of the auto transformer & supplies 12 Volts AC to the input of SMPS or regulated Camera supply). If the fuse does not blow now, then there is a problem in this supply. To check the I.I. supply, disconnect wires from TS6-1 & TS6-4 wires (This is 230 Volts AC supply for the I.I.). If I.I. is rated at 230 V AC then this supply will directly go to TS19-3 & TS 19-4. If the I.I. is rated at 24 Volts DC then this supply will come to TS19-3 & TS19-4 through a SMPS or a regulated supply. If the fuse does not blow now, then this supply may be short. To check the trolley supply, disconnect TS6-6 or TS11-12. If the fuse does not blow now, then trolley supply may short with GND. ABS Transformer used in SCR firing Circuit may be defective to check this disconnect TS 6-2 to bypass the SCR Circuit. F4 fuse is connected in series with neutral supply all relays, which are working on 230 AC directly i.e. RE16, RE2, RE6, RE8, and RE9 & RE10. So this fuse will blow due to some problem in any one of these relays or circuit. For checking problem in relays or particular relay circuit, disconnect terminal TS8-6 (230 Volts Supply for all the relays) and check if fuse is blowing. If fuse is not blowing now, then there is problem in some relay section. Check all the relays coils by disconnecting all relay coils one by one. The coil of any relay may be short internally or with the ground. In case of the machines with I.I.TV combinations, I.I. supply, Camera supply or the Trolley supply may be short. To check the camera supply, disconnect the wires from TS17-57 & TS1755 (This terminal strip is on the top of the 12 Volts AC supply to the input for the SMPS or for regulated Camera supply). If the fuse does not blow now then there is a problem in this supply.
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Troubleshooting
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8
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12
To check the I.I. supply, disconnect wires from TS6-1 & TS6-4 wires (This is 230 Volts AC supply for the I.I.). If I.I. is rated at 230 V AC then this supply will directly go to TS19-3 & TS 19-4. If the I.I. is rated at 24 Volts DC then this supply will come to TS19-3 & TS19-4 through a SMPS or a regulated supply. If the fuse does not blow now, then this supply may be short. To check the trolley supply, disconnect TS6-6 or TS11-12. If the fuse does not blow now, then trolley supply may short with GND. Overload Indicator Check F9 fuse (2 Amp). It may be blown. Glowing Timer card may be defective – replace the card. Continuously Over load card may be defective. There may be no supply to the Timer Circuit. For this check the supply at TS7-11 & TS7-12 it should be 24 V AC. Check the thermal contacts at tube and in the control. The thermal contact wire may be open from any side then the machine will show continuous over load. Check any dry soldering on over load chain provided on timer switch. In the case of double tank, if the wire A0 is open from any side i.e. from control or tank then this problem will occur. Also check the contacts of RE3 (RE3-A contact is in series with the timer card supply) and RE16 relay (In timer card input supply). Permanent KVP card problem. overload at There may be dry solder at the edge connector of KVP Card or at the edge particular mA connector of Overload Card. station Fuse F8 Blowing Check for grounding of LBD supply wires due to cuts or cracks. while switching Check for grounding of LBD supply due to shorting in connector. ON the Machine Check for grounding of LBD supply due to shorting in lamp holder. or LBD Check for Auto cut-off PCB in LBD for shorting of LBD supply wires. Fuse F7 Blowing Regulator 7805 used in regulator supply card may be defective. off while Any of the diodes used (4007) for AC to DC conversion may be short. switching the Also ensure that AC supply at TS17-7 or 17-8 (TS-17 is on Auto machine ON or transformer). It should not be more than 9 V AC. while changing If fuse is still blowing then there may be the possibility that the diode 4148 mA station. used in mAs display card is short. To check this, disconnect the mAS card from main connector & check again for blowing of fuse. Fuse F9 Blowing Timer card, Over load card or Flouro Timer Card may be faulty, So, off while disconnect these cards one by one and check blowing of fuse. switching ON the Check the coils of RE12, RE14, RE13, RE4, RE7, and RE11 relays. All machine or Ready the relays are 24 V DC relays if the coil of any relay is short then this pressing problem may arise. Any indicator i.e. Over load indicator or X-ray indicator, if short may cause this problem. Check all the above indicators with the help of Multimeter for short circuit. Fuse F11 Blowing Wires for Bucky supply may be touching with ground. off while pressing Synchronous Motor drawing heavy current. Check this by disconnecting the Ready switch the Bucky supply. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Troubleshooting
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and when Bucky is Check if the Bucky movement is jamming i.e. grid vibrating mechanism is selected IN the not working properly. circuit 0-12 V X-mer winding may be short (only in case of Allpose and Floatex table). To check this, disconnect the Bucky supply from control or tank side. Fuse F12 Blowing Rotor winding may be short. off Check resistance of rotor winding between TS5 2-3. It should be approximately 30 Ohms for Toshiba tube. Rotor not moving Check whether all the three wires are properly connected to tube rotor from while pressing control TS5-1 to 5, TS5-2 to 3, and TS5-3 to 2 (5, 3, 2 are the rotor Ready switch connection terminals in X-Ray tube on Anode i.e. +ve side). Also check the continuity of three wires after disconnecting from one side. Also check the F9, F6, and F5 fuses. Check whether RE2 relay is getting “ON” or not. If relay is working then check the RE2 relay contacts RE2-D, RE2–H and RE2- C. Also check the continuity of current transformers in rotor circuit in control. Fuse F5 Blowing Current transformer may be defective. To check this, remove TS5-4 wire off when Ready and short this wire with TS14-2. Also short the contacts of RE3A relay in switch is pressed rotor circuit. Now check the rotor working. If the rotor is working OK then this means that the Current transformer is faulty. Change the current transformer. One winding of Tube Rotor may be short. To check this, remove TS 14-2 and check the working of the fuse. Fuse F6 Blowing Any of the two windings of tube may be internally short. Check the off when Ready resistance of tube rotor windings after disconnecting the rotor from control switch is pressed side. The value of resistance between different windings should be as follows: I-II : 30 Ohm II-III : 91 Ohm
17
I-III : 62 Ohm Any wire I, II, III may be shorted with the body of tube after getting disconnected from tube side. Rotor voltage does Check if RE3 relay is getting “ON” or not. If not then check the current not changeover transformer & RE3 rectifier PCB and RE3 relay coil. from 230 V to 70 Check the RE3-A contact whether it is working properly or not. V Check the continuity of TS5-8, 9, 10 respectively with TS7-8, 9, 10. These points should show continuity with each other. Check whether RE4 relay coil is OK or not by measuring the coil resistance. If RE4 relay is not getting ON even if supply to RE4 relay is available then replace the RE4 relay. (Coil resistance of RE4 may be around 240 Ohms). If RE4 relay is not getting any supply and RE3 relay and its contacts are working properly then there is a problem in timer card. Replace this timer card with new one.
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Troubleshooting 18
19 20 21 22
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25
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Rotor gets This may happen due to relay RE3 getting de-energized after energizing disconnected after RE4 & RE5. Relay RE3 may be de-energized after some time due to diode some time and of RE 3 PCB getting short or open so that RE3 relay is not getting the exposure is not supply properly. taking place Also if the capacitor 25 μF, 440 V in rotor circuit is leaky then relay RE3 may get de-energized after some time. Bucky IN/OUT IC U6 (MCT 2E 6 pin IC) defective. not working Bucky IN/OUT Switch may be defective. KVP decreasing KVP card may be defective. after pressing Ready switch Exposure starts X-Ray switch may be short in control or in hand switch. when Ready is SCR may be short. pressed Rotor is running Check whether relay RE5 is getting ON. If not, check Input voltage at the but no exposure coil it should be 6 V DC. takes place after To achieve 6V, adjust the band of 6.2-Ohm, 10 W resistance in rotor PCB. pressing X-ray Check RE5 relay coil and RE5-A contact. switch Check RE3A relay coil and RE3-A contact. Check RE6, RE7, RE8 relays and SCR firing circuit XS, XL, A1 Fuse F3 and F4 may be blown. supplies not Check relay contacts RE10-C & RE14-A. available at control Check for dry soldering on common point of Pole 2 & 3 of Technic selector switch. Space charge resistance 50 Ohm, 200 W may be open. XS, XL, A1 Disconnect the –ve cable from H.T. Tank and check voltage between supplies available Common & XS and Common & XL. It should be from 6 V to 12 V AC. at H.T. but Continuity of tube filament XS and XL may be broken. filament not Supply from H.T. transformer to filament may be broken. To check this, glowing remove cables from H.T. tank and check voltage at tank receptacles. If voltage is not coming, then rectifier diode or transformer may be open in H.T. Tank. If supply voltage is available, then continuity of H.V. cables of cathode side. P1- P2 supply not 0 V supply from Autotransformer or TS1-1 may be open. coming at control Relay RE8 or its contact RE8-A, RE8-B and RE8-C may not be working. SCR firing relay RE 20 may not be working. Check the RE20 coil. If coil is OK, then check RE6-A & RE7 contacts in series with relay RE20. Dry soldering in SCR firing card. Dry soldering or open connection in Minor or Major KVP switch. Exposure not Timer chain may be dry solder. terminating after Check value of Timer chain resistance connected between TS7- 3,4 pre-set time. Or terminals. It should be 500 k Ohms.
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Troubleshooting
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Exposure is terminating as per set time upto some time settings but after that continues exposure at all timer setting. Exposure terminating before or after pre-set time Exposure not terminating at particular time setting No mA output at particular kVp station. mA meter needle not deflecting mA meter needle overshoots. Or MCB is tripping during exposure.
Timer card may be defective.
Timer Card may be defective RE6-C contact not working. Capacitor 33 μF, 40 V mounted in Timer Cad may need to be replaced. Transistor BC547 may need to be replaced in timer card. Check the timer resistance chain on the timer switch. Contact of kVp switch at that particular station may be open or dry soldered. Wire from auto transformer to that particular station may be open. Spark gap in H.T mA & GND may be less than 1 mm. mA meter may be defective. Check NO Load Current of H.V. Tank i.e. P1 P2 current when cables are removed from H.T. Tank should be less than 1.0 Amp. How to check NO Load current of H.V. Tank:i) Remove H.V. Cables form H.V. Tank. ii) Put your Clamp Meter/Tong Tester around P1 or P2. iii) Make and exposure at 60 kVP, 100 mA, 1.0 sec. And check the reading of Clamp meter. It should read less than 1 Amp. Tube may be gassey. To check this, remove A1 from H.T. Tank and make exposure at 100 mA, 60 KVp. If blue light is visible in tube then tube is gassey. Cables may be defective. To check this, remove cables from tank side one by one and make exposure at 100 mA, 50 KVp. If mA meter does not overshoot then cables are defective. H.T. tank may be defective. To check this, remove cables from H.T tank and make exposure at 50 KVp. If mA meter overshoots then some connection in H.T Tank may be short from inside. Also, NO Load Current of H.T. tank i.e. P1 P2 current when cables are removed from H.T. tank should be less than 1.0 Amps. NO Load Current is OK. i) mA output may be more hence recalibrate the machine. ii) Problem still persists, change MCB with new one.
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Troubleshooting
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KVP Display has got stuck. KVP displaying 000 only LBD Bulb getting fused frequently Fluoro/Radio changeover mode not working
Fluoro to Radio or vice versa on pressing Ready switch Fuse F10 Blowing during Fluoro Exposure Radio exposure on pressing exposure switch in Fluoro Mode Fluoro/Radio Mode functional but no exposure during Spot Film Double Tank Fuse F-13 Blowing off while switching ON the machine or changing the mode
Check Load Current as mentioned below:i) At 100 mA 70 KV, 0.8 sec. = 40 Amp. Approx. ii) At 200 mA 70 KV, 0.8 sec. = 80 Amp. Approx. iii) At 300 mA 60 KV, 0.8 sec. = 120 Amp. Approx. Relay contact 2-I may have stuck. Major or Minor KVP switch contact may not be positioned properly. Replace IC 7107 in KVP KVP metering transformer may be defective. Rectifier at output of KVP metering transformer may be defective. Connect 2.2 Ohms low value resistance in series with LBD Bulb. Fuse F9 may be blown. Toggle Switch or Micro Switch may not be working properly. Voltage at TS 7-13 and TS8-7 terminals while Fluoro mode should be 24 V DC. Voltage at TS 7-13 and TS8-8 terminals should be 24 V. If this voltage is dropping, check continuity of RE13 & RE14 relay. Check the contacts of Fluoro/Radio mode relay mounted on motherboard Card. Replace IC U2 (MCT 2E 6 Pin IC) or IC U4 (4584) in motherboard card. IC U4 4584 in motherboard card defective.
No load current of H.T. tank is more then 0.80 Amps. At 100 mA, 50 KVP. Tube may be gassey. Fluor mA calibration is not correct. Fluoro P1 P2 current at 3 mA, 100 KVp should not exceed 3.8 Amps. Micro switch in SFD may be pressed continuously or it may be defective.
Relay contact RE10-B may not be working. Transistor in Fluoro Timer card may be defective. Rectifier PCB for solenoid supply may be short. To check this, disconnect the rectifier PCB input and check the fuse. Check solenoid coil resistance at C & SU or C & SO with Multimeter. It should be between 900 to 1000 Ohms. SU, SO or C wire may be short circuited with GND. Solenoid coil for particular mode may be defective if fuse is blowing at that particular mode.
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Troubleshooting 41
Poor Image Quality.
i) ii)
Check the wires connected at booster resistance and adjustable band for proper contacts. Check filament voltage during exposure. Filament voltage should remain stable during exposure.
How to check the stability of filament voltage during exposure:a) Take Analog multimeter, select a.c. voltage range. b) Put the leads of multimeter at terminal no. 3 and 4 of TS 12 i.e. A1 and XL. Press ready switch, note down the voltage. Make exposure at 200mA, 70 KVP, 0.8 sec. and look at the needle of your multimeter, needle should not deflect in any direction. If needle deflects in any direction adjust the band of booster resistance to make the needle stable during exposure. iii)
42
Check the mAs and KVP calibration. a) Connect your mAs Meter in series with mA meter Mounted on control and place your KVP meter under the direct beam. b) Make exposure at 70 KVP and note down the KV and mAs readings. Then make exposure at 50KVP and 100KVP and note down the readings of mAs and KV meter. mAs values should be approximately same at all the three KVP stations. c) To make the mAs value approximately same at all the KV stations adjust the band of selected ma station of the space charge resistance. d) Similarly check and correct the mAs at all mA stations. RE-7 getting on and Check the timer resistance chain. Timer switch is not making exposure beep is contacts. blowing upon pressing Ready switch but no exposure.
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Post Installation Instructions
9. POST INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 9.1 The Party Code stickers and our Contact Numbers should be pasted on the equipment as per the place specified. 9.2 Technic chart should be fixed near the machine and operator/customer should be explained the Technic chart. 9.3 The Service Engineer should demonstrate the equipment to the operator. The operator should be given training on essential Do’s and Don’ts like --a. Use as much of Shielding material as possible, use lead screens, lead aprons, lead goggles and shields etc. b. Radiation Dose should be as low as reasonably achievable. c. Use collimators/cones and collimate radiation field to the smallest possible area. d. Before giving an exposure for the first time in the day, try to warm up the equipment for 10-15 minutes. For this purpose simply switch ON the machine and leave it as it is. 9.4 The Equipment should be handed over to the customer. The Installation Report should be properly filled along with the Warranty Card and required Serial Nos.
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Dark Room Procedures & X-Ray Film Processing
11. DARK ROOM PROCEDURES & X-RAY FILM PROCESSING Dark Room Procedure: To obtain the best results from the X-Ray Machine, following procedure should be observed in Dark Room: 1. A qualified and trained Radiographer should only be allowed to operate the X-Ray Equipment. 2. Dark Room should be totally dark and no light should enter in the room. 3. Loading and unloading of films in the cassette should be done only in Dark Room under standard safe light. 4. Films should be stored in Dry and Dark place. 5. The Intensifying screens should be handled with care and wet finger marks of any chemicals should not touch the screens. 6. The Developer and the Fixer solutions should always be covered and preferably new solutions to be prepared after every 2 Months or after 250 films. 7. The Temperature of Developer and Fixer to be maintained between 25 to 30 Degrees. 8. Solutions should be stirred with wooden stick each time films are dipped. Separate wooden sticks, each for developer and fixer should be used.
X-Ray Film Processing: 1. Open the exposed cassette in the Dark Room. 2. Take out the exposed film and fix it in the hanger of suitable size. 3. Dip the film in the Developer. After about 15 seconds take out the film from the Developer to visually observe the Developing status. Dip it again and take out to monitor the development as frequently as possible. 4. Take out the film from the Developer tank after it is fully developed. 5. Dip the film in water to rinse all traces of developer on the film. 6. After proper rinsing, dip the film in the fixer. Let it be dipped in fixer for 5 Minutes. 7. Dip the film in running water to rinse and remove all the fixer from the film. 8. Dry the film either in open place or in film drier. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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Radiation Monitoring & Protection
11. RADIATION MONITORING & PROTECTION 11.1 Personnel Monitoring Personnel monitoring is the evaluation of radiation doses received by the personnel working with radiation. The most commonly used personnel monitoring device is the film badge which consists of a personnel monitoring film (PM Film) kept in cassette containing a set of filters. With film badge, a wide range of doses from 10 mRem to 1000 Rem of different types of radiation can be evaluated. The film serves as a permanent record and if worn on chest, gives the most representative value of whole body dose under normal working conditions. The radiation dose received by radiation worker can also be determined by the use of Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) badge. This consists of three CaSO4:Dy TLD discs embedded in a metallic frame work and enclosed in a multi filter cassette. The TLD badge can be used to monitor Beta, Gamma and X-Ray radiations. The TLD badge can cover a wide range of doses from 10 mRem to 1000 Rem. In addition to PM Film & TLD Badge, radiation dose to personnel can also be assessed by pocket dosimeters. Pocket dosimeters are very useful in certain operations, where the radiation levels vary considerable and may be quite hazardous. They give on the spot check of radiation doses. It is always advisable that personnel handling the X-Ray machine should use TLD badges, PM Films or other devices like Pocket Dosimeters to monitor the absorbed dose within the safe limits.
11.2 Radiation Protection Accessories It is advisable to all personnel handling X-Ray machines to use following radiation protection accessories:
Lead Goggles Protective Barrier Lead Apron Lead Gloves Thyroid Shield Gonad Shield
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Preventive Maintenance Procedure
12. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE Preventive Maintenance of any equipment is very important to keep it in proper working condition through out its life span. Timely and proper Preventive Maintenance not only increases the life of the equipment, but it reduces the down time, hence savings on otherwise expensive repairs. We must therefore try to be disciplined as far as the time schedule and the procedure for carrying out the P.M. is concerned. The details given below would give guidelines of P.M. procedure. P.M on all the equipments must be performed every 4 months i.e.: thrice a year. For optimum output of the equipment we should start writing the voltage drop during exposure at Average working KVP Time and mA settings. This record at the time of installation itself can be mentioned on the Machine History Card. The date and month of Installation would help us actually know the extent of voltage drop as our experience suggests that during the summer season; the voltage drop is on the higher side. During P.M the Voltage drop can be checked with the reference value and is noted. Any increase in Voltage Drop would thus be noticed and line checked for any loose connections etc. in the mains switch/pole etc. Inform customer in advance about your visit preferably through a letter/ telephone and agree for a convenient time and date.
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Preventive Maintenance Checkpoints
13. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKPOINTS The following preventive maintenance procedure may be adopted for carrying out all P.M. on the X-Ray Equipments.
A). GENERAL: Whenever visiting for any Preventive Maintenance, please ensure to carry all the Tools, Meters, Grease, Lubricants, Machine History Card and consumables like the dusters, polish etc. Please make sure that your Multimeter is calibrated with a Standard Meter lying in your Branch Office. 1. On reaching the Customer’s site enquire from Operator/Doctor for any specific problems they are facing with the equipment. 2. Rectify first the problems as indicated by the customer and then proceed as under for carrying out the Preventive Maintenance
B). PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE (ELECTRICAL) 1. Before attempting to carry out the P.M. switch ON the equipment and check the working of the Machine electrically and mechanically. Observe for any flaws, which should be rectified during the course of P.M. 2. Observe all the Electrical/Mechanical/Radiation precautions while performing the P.M. 3. Switch OFF the Main Switch, open the cover and tighten any loose contacts/screws. Also check the fuse wire Rating and it must comply with the Rating of the equipment in operation. 4. Open the control panel cover. Keeping the Machine in “OFF” condition tighten all the screws on the Terminal Blocks/Resistance Taps etc. 5. Check the rating of all the Glass Fuses and replace if necessary. 6. Open cover of X-Ray / Line Contactors and check that contacts are not worn out or burnt. Check the operation of the X-Ray contactor. It should not be sticky. 7. Make the Machine “ON” and check the accuracy of the Voltmeter (On Red Band your Multimeter should read 230 Volts). 8. On “NO LOAD” check the Accuracy of Timer with the cycle counter/ stopwatch. 9. Giving exposure at 65-70 KVP, check the mA output of Machine at different mA Stations and calibrate the mA output if required. Calibration of the mA Meter should also be verified with your Multimeter. Check P1-P2 current at this time. Observe for any abnormal behaviour of the Machine i.e. sparking, sounds from the Tube Head, H.T. Tank, Main Switch etc. Visually cheek the Voltage drop on your Voltmeter. It should be within 10%. In case it is on the higher side, check if the wiring used in the mains is of appropriate thickness. Advise the customer accordingly.
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Preventive Maintenance Checkpoints Also check the filament supply during the exposure. It should remain steady. If not, adjust booster resistance settings. 10. In case of 300/500 mA Machines, check for Tube Rotor sound and space charge settings (i.e. the mA output of any station remains same if the KVP is varied between 40 and 85). Adjust if required. 11. Check the working of the Line and X-Ray contactors and clean the core and the contacts of the X-Ray contactor.
C) MECHANICAL 1. Check all the movements of Tube Head, Tube Stand and Tables. Check for functioning of all locks and ensure that all movements are smooth and noiseless. Specially check for Vertical Carriage Up/Down Movement. Rectify wherever required. Remove old grease with cloth and apply fresh grease on all movement areas (wherever applicable). 2. Open the Table Top and brush out all the dust settled on the Grid and on the Bucky Motor Area. Clean, apply lubricant and check the Bucky play, it’s lock and tighten all nuts/bolts/screws in the Table. 3. You must ensure that the alignment of the Center Ray of Light Beam diaphragm matches with the Table center and Bucky center (Adjust if required). 4. In case of the Motorized Table check the working of following: a. SFD Movements b. Table Movements c. Functioning of the limit switches at the Horizontal and the Vertical positions d. Check the functioning of the Safety micro switches e. Check the functioning of the Electromagnetic Locks, prep switch, Hand Switch and the change over switch. f. The movement of the Table g. Functioning of the Motorized collimator shutters from SFD. Adjust if required. 5. Now check for Air Bubbles in Tube Head and ensure that all wires/cables on Tube Head are tight. Check for bellow condition and any oil leakage. Ensure that the gap between mA & G Plate is maintained at 2mm.
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Preventive Maintenance Checkpoints
D) X-RAY / LIGHT BEAM/ ALIGNMENT 1. Check and perform X-Ray/ Light Beam Alignment. 2. Check the LBD Bulb’s mounting and orientation. Incase LBD Bulb’s are fusing quite often check the voltage if the voltage supply is on the higher side, reduce input voltage to LBD Bulb. 3. Check the smooth movement of the LBD Shutters.
DI) CLEANING POLISHING 1. Clean the machine with dry cloth and for the stubborn stains, use cleaning agent and polish. Do not allow any liquids to step in the control and other Electrical Areas.
DII) DARK ROOM Check the Dark Room and its accessories for the following: 1. No light leakage in the Dark Room. 2. Safe light is of proper intensity. 3. Films used should not be beyond the expired dates. 4. Cassette locks are not loose. 5. Screen Quality should be OK and no staining of the screens. 6. Developer and the fixer are fresh and their temperature is maintained properly. 7. Wooden sticks are available for stirring of the Developer and fixer. 8. Radiographer/Operator is trained to handle Dark Room Accessories.
G) GENERAL 1. Enquire if radiographer/Operator needs any training for use of equipment & impart if necessary. 2. Handover Equipment to customer. 3. Explain/show equipment to customer, apprise him of jobs undertaken. 4. Fill Machine History Cards and get the card/report signed from customer. 5. Inform tentative date of next Preventive Maintenance. Allengers 325 Installation/Service Manual Rev. ‘0’ Eff. Date: 12.02.2011
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