Analytical Exposition Text: Definition, Purposes, Generic Structures, Language Features [PDF]

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Analytical Exposition Text : Definition, Purposes, Generic Structures, Language Features August 13, 2017 admin Analytical Exposition Text adalah text yang berisi tentang pemikiran terperinci penulis tentang sebuah penomena yang ada di sekitar. Text ini termasuk dalam text argumentative karena menunjukan suatu pendapat atau argument terhadap sesuatu. Fungsi sosial dari teks Analytical Exposition adalah untuk meyakinkan pembaca bahwa topik yang dihadirkan adalah topik yang penting untuk dibahas atau mendapat perhatian dengan cara pemberian argument-argument atau pendapat-pendapat yang mendukung main idea atau topik tersebut. Definition of Analytical Exposition Text Analytical Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding. Its social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important matter, and to analyze the topic that the thesis/opinion is correct by developing an argument to support it. (Analytical Exposition adalah teks yang menguraikan ide penulis tentang fenomena disekitar. Fungsi sosialnya adalah untuk membujuk pembaca bahwa ide itu adalah hal yang penting, dan untuk menganalisis topik yang tesis / pendapat itu benar dengan mengembangkan argumen untuk mendukungnya.) Generic Structure of Analytical exposition Text # Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s point of view. (Memperkenalkan topik dan menunjukkan sudut pandang penulis) # Argument : Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position. The number of arguments may vary, but each argument must be supported by evidence and explanation. (Menjelaskan argumen untuk mendukung posisi penulis. Jumlah argumen mungkin berbeda, tetapi setiap argumen harus didukung oleh bukti-bukti dan penjelasan.) # Reiteration: Restating the writer’s point of view / to strengthen the thesis. We can use the following phrase to make conclusion in reiteration : (Menyatakan kembali sudut pandang penulis / untuk memperkuat tesis. Kita dapat menggunakan frase berikut untuk membuat kesimpulan dalam Reiteration : From the fact above … I personally believe … Therefore, my conclusion is … In conclusion … The Characteristics / Language Feature of Analytical exposition Text: – Using relational process – Using internal conjunction – Using causal conjunction – Using Simple Present Tense – Using compound and complex sentence. – Use word that link argument, such as firstly, secondly, and reasoning through causal conjunction, such as in addition, furthermore, however, therefore.



Read text carefully and see the translation Cars should be banned in the city Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents. Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ of asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them. Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers. Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone. In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed. Translation Mobil seharusnya dilarang di kota. Seperti yang kita semua tahu, mobil menciptakan polusi, dan menyebabkan banyak kematian di jalan dan kecelakaan lainnya. Pertama, mobil, seperti yang kita semua tahu, berkontribusi terhadap sebagian besar polusi di dunia. Mobil mengeluarkan gas mematikan yang menyebabkan penyakit seperti bronkitis, kanker paru-paru, dan ‘pemicu’ asma. Beberapa penyakit ini begitu buruk bahwa orang bisa mati dari mereka. Kedua, kota ini sangat sibuk. Pejalan kaki berjalan di mana-mana dan mobil umumnya menabrak pejalan kaki di kota, yang menyebabkan mereka mati. Mobil saat ini adalah pembunuh jalan terbesar kami. Ketiga, mobil sangat bising. Jika Anda tinggal di kota, Anda mungkin merasa sulit untuk tidur di malam hari, atau sulit berkonsentrasi pada pekerjaan Anda, dan terutama berbicara dengan seseorang. Kesimpulannya, mobil harus dilarang dari kota karena alasan yang tercantum. Is Smoking Good for Us? Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seven times as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die because of diseases caused by smoking. Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five cigarettes a day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater. Ninety five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half times more likely to die of heart disease than non smokers. Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes. Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money from smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for every body else. Contoh Analytical Exposition Text – Controlling Children Using Computer Computer and internet are useful as well as powerful. Information about health and safe usage of computer and Internet, especially for children, should be owned by each family. Computer connected to internet is powerful way to socialize with others. It can be good but also bad effect. Recently we hear a lot of children get the advantage of social networking sites but we often see the news about the disadvantage of it for children. Healthy and safety of computer and Internet usage should continue to be campaigned. The role of parent in assisting and directing children in using computer is very necessary. Installation of software monitor such as key logger which has function to watch and note all activities relating to keyboard usage is helpful but not enough to protect children from potential



harms. Children tend to hide what they have done in front of the computer to their parent. They see that all of they have done are their privacy and no one may know. We can not prevent children from using computer because it is multifunctional. However, many parents worry about what their kids do in front of the computer; whether they are doing homework or even just playing games. Or spending all time to surf internet which is the materials do not fit with his age. There is a tendency, especially teenagers, want to become acquainted with many strangers out side. The lack parental supervision of children’s activities is likely to pose a potential danger to them. So parental monitor against the use of computers needs to be done from time to time. Terjemahan – Mengontrol Anak Menggunakan Komputer Komputer dan internet sangat berguna sekaligus bertenaga. Informasi tentang kesehatan dan penggunaan komputer dan internet yang aman, terutama untuk anak-anak, harus dimiliki oleh masing-masing keluarga. Komputer yang terhubung ke internet adalah cara ampuh untuk bersosialisasi dengan orang lain. Bisa bagus tapi juga berpengaruh buruk. Baru-baru ini kita mendengar banyak anak mendapatkan keuntungan dari situs jejaring sosial namun kita sering melihat berita tentang kerugiannya untuk anak-anak. Sehat dan amannya penggunaan komputer dan internet harus terus dikampanyekan. Peran orang tua dalam membantu dan mengarahkan anak dalam menggunakan komputer sangat diperlukan. Pemasangan monitor perangkat lunak seperti keylogger yang berfungsi untuk melihat dan mencatat semua aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan keyboard sangat membantu namun tidak cukup untuk melindungi anak-anak dari bahaya potensial. Anak-anak cenderung menyembunyikan apa yang telah mereka lakukan di depan komputer ke orang tua mereka. Mereka melihat bahwa semua yang telah mereka lakukan adalah privasi mereka dan tidak ada yang tahu. Kita tidak bisa mencegah anak menggunakan komputer karena multifungsi. Namun, banyak orang tua khawatir tentang apa yang anak-anak mereka lakukan di depan komputer; apakah mereka mengerjakan pekerjaan rumah atau bahkan sekedar bermain game. Atau menghabiskan sepanjang waktu untuk berselancar internet yang bahannya tidak sesuai usianya. Ada kecenderungan, terutama remaja, ingin berkenalan dengan banyak orang asing di luar. Kurangnya pengawasan orangtua terhadap aktivitas anak cenderung menimbulkan bahaya bagi mereka. Jadi monitor orang tua terhadap penggunaan komputer perlu dilakukan dari waktu ke waktu. Example of Analytical Exposition – Why is It Important to Choose the Accredited School? Most of teenagers need to go to school and there are a lot of schools over there. Nowadays, schools grow to offer plenty of choice; private and state ones. However it is a hard choice since there are many factors which need to be considered before making the selection. Some will be influenced by friends; because some friend got to certain school than we go to there too. Some prefer to choose certain school because of the closer distance. In fact, the primary decisive matter for selecting school is whether the school has been accredited or not. Why is important to choose an accredited school? Well, accredited schools have an edge over the unaccredited schools. This label of Accredited School has an impact in employment opportunities. As result, if there are two or more students with similar qualifications, the student who comes from the accredited school will have an edge over the other candidate. Student from an accredited school has more open door than student with an accredited one. Many students select certain school depending more on short term factors like friend influence and short distance from home. It is not bad since commuting actually needs much cost. Choosing school which is closer to home will save time, energy and money. However if that



school is not accredited, the time and money spent along studying seems to be waste in the long term because it could become a limiting factor in gaining future opportunities. Accredited school is not the only factor which will drive student’s success. Personality and characterization are very important too. However a student with good personality who comes from an accredited school is better than the others. Generic structure of analytical exposition Analytical exposition is one of argumentative texts which present some supporting idea on why certain writer’s opinion is important. The opinion is formulated in a thesis which needs to prove by selecting arguments. The above example of analytical exposition about accredited school has the following generic structure: Thesis: it is the main topic of discourse in analytical exposition essay. Commonly the thesis will be placed in the first paragraphs. It also has functionality of introduction of the text. From the text above we see that choosing school will be wiser and safer if it is based on the status of the school; accredited or not. Arguments: the arguments are the heart of an analytical exposition. The absence of argument, analytical will just talk nothing since a thesis must be evaluated, whether it is true or false later, it does not matter. From the analytical exposition sample above, we see an accredited school graduate will hold better opportunity. Additionally choosing school based on short term interests seem to be less benefit in the end. Reiteration: it is the writer’s thesis which is re-stated in another word. The purpose is to strengthen the thesis. From the text above, we realize that choosing an accredited school is really important. Terjemahan – Mengapa Penting Memilih Sekolah Terakreditasi? Sebagian besar remaja perlu pergi ke sekolah dan ada banyak sekolah di sana. Saat ini, sekolah tumbuh untuk menawarkan banyak pilihan; swasta dan negara. Namun itu adalah pilihan yang sulit karena ada banyak faktor yang perlu dipertimbangkan sebelum melakukan seleksi. Beberapa akan dipengaruhi oleh teman; Karena ada teman yang sampai ke sekolah tertentu dari kita ke sana juga. Beberapa lebih memilih untuk memilih sekolah tertentu karena jaraknya lebih dekat. Sebenarnya, hal utama yang menentukan untuk memilih sekolah adalah apakah sekolah tersebut telah terakreditasi atau tidak. Mengapa penting memilih sekolah terakreditasi? Nah, sekolah terakreditasi memiliki keunggulan atas sekolah-sekolah yang tidak terakreditasi. Label Sekolah Terakreditasi ini memiliki dampak pada kesempatan kerja. Akibatnya, jika ada dua atau lebih siswa dengan kualifikasi serupa, siswa yang berasal dari sekolah terakreditasi akan memiliki keunggulan dibanding kandidat lainnya. Siswa dari sekolah terakreditasi memiliki pintu yang lebih terbuka daripada siswa yang terakreditasi. Banyak siswa memilih sekolah tertentu lebih bergantung pada faktor jangka pendek seperti pengaruh teman dan jarak dekat dari rumah. Hal ini tidak buruk karena komuter sebenarnya membutuhkan banyak biaya. Memilih sekolah yang lebih dekat ke rumah akan menghemat waktu, energi dan uang. Namun jika sekolah itu tidak terakreditasi, waktu dan uang yang dihabiskan sepanjang belajar nampaknya terbuang dalam jangka panjang karena bisa menjadi faktor pembatas dalam mendapatkan peluang masa depan.



Sekolah terakreditasi bukanlah satu-satunya faktor yang akan mendorong kesuksesan siswa. Kepribadian dan karakterisasi juga sangat penting. Namun seorang siswa dengan kepribadian baik yang berasal dari sekolah terakreditasi lebih baik dari yang lain. Demikianlah Penjelasan dari British Course tentang Analytical Exposition Text. Semoga dengan membaca penjelasan dari kami di atas dapat menambah pemahaman tentang materi ini. Oke cukup sekian, dan trimakasih atas kunjungannya. Jika ada pertanyaan atau komentar mengenai materi ini silahkan tinggalkan komentar..



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T HE P ARTICIPLE Recognize a participle when you see one. Participles come in two varieties: past and present. They are two of the five forms or principal parts that every verb has. Look at the charts below.



Regular Verbs: Simple



Simple



Present



Past



giggle



giggle(s)



giggled



giggled



giggling



to



help



help(s)



helped



helped



helping



t



jump



jump(s)



jumped



jumped



jumping



t



Past



Present



Verb



Past



Present



Partic iple Partic iple



Inf



Irregular Verbs: Simple



Simple



Present



Past



bring



bring(s)



brought



brought



bringing



t



ring



ring(s)



rang



rung



ringing



t



Verb



Partic iple Partic iple



Inf



sing



sing(s)



sang



sung



singing



t



swim



swim(s)



swam



swum



swimming



t



Notice that each present participle ends in ing. This is the case 100 percent of the time.



On the other hand, you can see that past participles do not have a consistent ending. The past participles of all regular verbs end in ed; the past participles of irregular verbs, however, vary considerably. If you look at bring and sing, for example, you'll see that their past participles—brought and sung—do not follow the same pattern even though both verbs have ing as the last three letters.



Consult a dictionary whenever you are unsure of a verb's past participle form.



Know the functions of participles. Participles have three functions in sentences. They can be components of multipart verbs, or they can function as adjectives or nouns.



Participles in Multipart Verbs A verb can have as many as four parts. When you form multipart verbs, you use a



combination of auxiliary verbs and participles. Look at the examples below:



Our pet alligator ate Mrs. Ol sen's poodle.



Ate = simple past tense [no participle].



Wi th a broom, Mrs . Ol sen was beating our alli gator over the head in an attempt to retri ev e her poodle.



Was = auxiliary verb; beating = present participle.



Our pet alligator has been stalking nei ghborhood pets bec ause my brother Bill y forgets to feed the poor reptil e.



Has = auxiliary verb; been = past participle; stalking = present participle.



Our pet alligator should have been eating Gator Chow, c runc hy nuggets that Bill y leaves for him i n a bowl .



Should, have = auxiliary verbs; been = past participle; eating = present participle.



Participles as Adjectives Past and present participles often function as adjectives that describe nouns. Here are some examples:



The crying baby drew a l ong breath and s uck ed i n a s pi der crouching in the c orner of the c ri b.



Which baby? The crying baby. Which spider? The one that was crouching in the corner.



The mangled pai r of s ungl ass es , bruised fac e, broken arm, and bleeding k nees meant Genette had taken an other s pill on her mountai n bik e.



Which pair of sunglasses? The mangled pair. Which face? The bruised one. Which arm? The broken one. Which knees? The bleeding ones.



Participles as Nouns Present participles can function as nouns— the subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, objects of prepositions,



complements



and subject



in sentences. Whenever a



present participle functions as a noun, you call it a gerund.



Take a look at these examples:



Sneezing exhaus ts Steve, who requires eight tiss ues and twenty-s ev en



Ges undhei ts before h e is done.



Sneezing = the subject of the verb exhausts.



Val erie hates cooking bec aus e sc raping burnt gook out of pans al ways undermines her enj oyment of the food.



Cooking = the direct object of the verb hates.



W e gav e bungee jumping a c hanc e.



Bungee jumping = indirect object of the verb gave.



J oelle bit her tongue i nstead of criticiz ing her prom date's powder bl ue tuxedo.



Criticizing = object of the preposition instead of.



Omar's l east favori te s port is water -skiing bec aus e a



bad s pi l l onc e c aus ed hi m to l ose his s wim trunks .



Water-skiing = the subject complement of the verb is.



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Participles A participle is a word formed from a verb, usually by adding -d, -ed, or -ing. There are two kinds of participle in English, as follows:



The present participle The present participle ends with -ing, e.g.: We are going to Italy. The company is building new headquarters in the UK.



Simple



Simple



Present



Past



bring



bring(s)



brought



brought



bringing



to bring



ring



ring(s)



rang



rung



ringing



to ring



sing



sing(s)



sang



sung



singing



to sing



swim



swim(s)



swam



swum



swimming



to swim



Verb



Past



Partic iple Partic iple



The past participle The past participle ends with -d or -ed for regular verbs, e.g.: She had decided to go to Italy.



Present



Infinitiv



Fans had camped outside the studio.



and with -t or -en or some other form for irregular ones, e.g.: New houses are still being built. The glass is broken.



Using participles Participles are used: with auxiliary verbs to make verb tenses such as the present continuous and the past perfect: We are going to Italy. [present continuous] She had decided to go to Italy. [past perfect]



to form the passive voice of verbs (the past participle only is used, along with the auxiliary verb to be: We were ordered to sit down.



as adjectives, e.g.: The pavement was covered with broken glass. He stared at me with bulging eyes.



as nouns, e.g.: She was a woman of good breeding. Len was ordered to cut down on his drinking.



When a present participle is used as a noun, as in the last two examples above, it’s known as a verbal noun or a gerund. Here are two more examples of verbal nouns: Smoking is strictly forbidden. Camping attracts people of all ages



What Are Participles? A participle is a word formed from a verb which can be used as an adjective. The two types of participles are the present participle (ending ing) and the past participle (usually ending -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n). Here are some participles being used as adjectives: The Verb



The Past Participle



To rise the risen sun



The Present Participle the rising sun



To boil



the boiled water



the boiling water



To break



the broken news



the breaking news



To cook



the cooked ham



the cooking ham



Participle Phrases It is really common to see participles in participle phrases. A participle phrase also acts like an adjective. In the examples below, the participle phrases are shaded and the participles are in bold: 



The man carrying the bricks is my father. (The participle phrase carrying the bricks describes the the man.)







She showed us a plate of scones crammed with cream. (The participle phrase crammed with cream describes the scones.)







Whistling the same tune as always, Ted touched the front of his cap with his forefinger as she dismounted. (The participle phrase Whistling the same tune as always describes Ted.)







Stunned by the blow, Mike quickly gathered his senses and searched frantically for the pepper spray. (The participle phrase Stunned by the blow describes Mike.)



Read more about participle phrases.



Present Participles Present participles end in -ing. Examples: 



boiling water caring nature  deserving recipient Some more examples of present participles (shaded): 







A laughing man is stronger than a suffering man. (Gustave Flaubert, 1821-1880)  If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. This is the principal difference between a dog and a man. (Mark Twain, 1835-1910)  The only thing that comes to a sleeping man is dreams. (Tupac Shakur) Present participles are not just used as adjectives. They are also used to form verb tenses. Here are the verb tenses (present participles shaded): The 4 Past Tenses



Example



simple past tense



I went



past progressive tense



I was going



past perfect tense



I had gone



past perfect progressive tense



I had been going



The 4 Present Tenses



Example



simple present tense I go present progressive tense



I am going



present perfect tense



I have gone



present perfect progressive tense



I have been going



The 4 Future Tenses



Example



simple future tense



I will go



future progressive tense



I will be going



future perfect tense



I will have gone



future perfect progressive tense



I will have been going



Read more about present participles.



Past Participles Past participles have various endings, usually -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n. Examples: 



broken window  painted frame  destroyed bridge Some more examples of past participles (shaded): 



A swollen eye is God's way of telling you to improve your interpersonal skills.



 



Do not waste time staring at a closed door. I like children...if they're properly cooked. (W.C. Fields) (Remember, an adjective can also appear after the noun it is modifying. See predicate adjectives.)



Past participles are also used to form verb tenses. Look at these verb tenses (past participles shaded): The 4 Past Tenses



Example



simple past tense



I went



past progressive tense



I was going



past perfect tense



I had gone



past perfect progressive tense



I had been going



The 4 Present Tenses



Example



simple present tense



I go



present progressive tense



I am going



present perfect tense



I have gone



present perfect progressive tense



I have been going



The 4 Future Tenses



Example



simple future tense



I will go



future progressive tense



I will be going



future perfect tense



I will have gone



future perfect progressive tense



I will have been going



Read more about past participles.



Perfect Participles Perfect participles are formed like this: "Having" + [past participle] Examples: 



Having taken  Having eaten  Having played Some more examples of present participles (shaded):  



Having heard the news, he quickly sold his brother's record collection. Having been promised a steak dinner, she looked less than impressed with her Happy Meal.