Biografi Jendral Sudirman [PDF]

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Biografy of General Sudirman



General Sudirman is one of the most popular figures in the history of the struggle of the Indonesian nation. He was the first commander of the military, religious leaders, educators, Muhammadiyah leader and a pioneer of guerrilla warfare in Indonesia. General Sudirman also one of the five-star general in Indonesia besides General AH Nasution and General Suharto. He was born in Bodas Karangjati, Purbalingga, Central Java, on January 24, 1916 and died in Magelang, Central Java, January 29, 1950 at the age of 34 years of tuberculosis and is buried at the Heroes Cemetery in semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta. General Sudirman was born and raised in a modest family. His father, KARSID Kartowirodji, was a worker at Sugar Factory Kalibagor, Banyumas, and his mother, Siyem, bleary-eyed offspring Wedana Apex. Soedirman since the age of 8 months was appointed as a child by R. Tjokrosoenaryo, an assistant district officer Apex is still a brother of Siyem. General Sudirman acquire formal education from the School Garden Student. Then he went on to HIK (school teacher), Muhammadiyah Surakarta but not until the end. Sudirman was also active at the moment Scouts organization Hizbul Wathan. After that he became a teacher at his school in Cilacap Muhammadiyah. The knowledge gained from the Japanese military through education. After completing his education at the MAP, he became a



battalion commander in Kroya, Central Java. Later he became the commander of Division V / Banyumas after TKR formed, and eventually was elected Commander of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (Commander TKR). Sudirman was known to have a private firm on principle and conviction, he always put the interests of many people and nation above personal interests, even the interests of his own health. His personality is written in a book by Tjokropranolo, bodyguard during the guerrilla, as someone who is always consistent and consistent in defending the interests of the homeland, the nation and the state. During the Japanese occupation, the Sudirman been a member of the People's Food Board and a member of the House of Representatives residency of Banyumas. In this time he set up a cooperative to help the people from starvation. After World War II, the Japanese surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Sukarno used the moment to declare the independence of Indonesia. Sudirman and his troops fought in Banyumas, Central Java against the Japanese and captured weapons and ammunition. At that time the Japanese position is still strong in Indonesia. MAP Soedirman organizing his battalion into a regiment based in Banyumas, to become the army of the Republic of Indonesia which then played a major role in the war Indonesian National Revolution. After the People's Security Army (TKR) was formed, he was subsequently appointed as Commander of Division V / Banyumas with the rank of Colonel. And through TKR Conference on 12 November 1945, was elected Soedirman TKR Commander / Chief of the Armed Forces of Indonesia. Later he began to suffer from tuberculosis, but he still falls within the guerrilla war against the forces who want to master the Dutch NICA Indonesia after the Japanese surrender. The first great war is a war led Soedirman Palagan Ambarawa against the British and Dutch NICA which lasts from November to December 1945. In December 1945, forces led by Sudirman TKR fought against the British army in Ambarawa. And on December 12, 1945, Sudirman launched simultaneous attacks against all top notch British Ambarawa. Famous battle which lasted for five days to end with the withdrawal of British troops to Semarang. The war ended on December 16, 1945. After victories in the Sudirman Ambarawa



Theater, on December 18, 1945 he was appointed as General by President Soekarno. Soedirman gained the rank of General is not through the military academy or other higher education, but because of his achievements.             General Sudirman still plunge into battle during the second Dutch military aggression in the capital Yogyakarta. When the capital was moved to Yogyakarta, Indonesia as Jakarta has mastered Belanda.Soedirman led his troops to defend Yogyakarta from the Dutch attack was on December 19, 1948. In opposition, the health condition of General Sudirman was in a very weak state of tuberculosis he suffered for a long time. Yogyakarta was then controlled by the Dutch, although Indonesia was ruled by the army after General Offensive March 1, 1949. At that time, President Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta and several cabinet members were also arrested by the Dutch army. Because of the precarious situation, Soedirman crutches left with his troops and return to guerrilla warfare. He moved around for seven months from one forest to another forest, and from mountain to mountain in sickness almost without treatment and medical care. Soedirman home of guerrilla because his health condition does not allow her to lead the Armed Forces directly. After that just a figure Soedirman planners behind the scenes in a guerrilla campaign against the Dutch. After the Dutch surrender as the Indonesian archipelago States in the 1949 Round Table Conference in The Hague, General Sudirman back to Jakarta with President Sukarno and Vice President Mohammad Hatta. At the date January 29, 1950, General Sudirman died in Magelang, Central Java illness suffered severe tuberculosis. He was buried in the Heroes Cemetery in semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta. He was named the Defender of Independence hero. In 1997 he was awarded posthumously to Major General of the five-star rank possessed only by a few generals in Indonesia until now. Sumber: bahasa.html



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Jenderal Sudirman merupakan salah satu tokoh paling populer dalam sejarah perjuangan bangsa Indonesia. Dia adalah komandan pertama militer, pemimpin agama, pendidik, pemimpin Muhammadiyah dan pelopor perang gerilya di Indonesia. Jenderal Sudirman juga salah satu jenderal bintang lima di Indonesia selain Jenderal AH Nasution dan Jenderal Suharto. Ia lahir di Bodas Karangjati, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah, pada tanggal 24 Januari, 1916 dan meninggal di Magelang, Jawa Tengah, 29 Januari 1950 di usia 34 tahun tuberkulosis dan dimakamkan di Taman Makam Pahlawan di semaki Negara Kusuma, Yogyakarta . Jenderal Sudirman lahir dan dibesarkan di sebuah keluarga sederhana. Ayahnya, KARSID Kartowirodji, adalah seorang pekerja di Pabrik Gula Kalibagor, Banyumas, dan ibunya, Siyem, adalan keturunan Wedana Apex. Soedirman sejak usia 8 bulan diangkat sebagai anak oleh R. Tjokrosoenaryo, seorang petugas kabupaten asisten Apex masih saudara dari Siyem. Jenderal Sudirman memperoleh pendidikan formal dari Sekolah Taman Siswa. Kemudian ia melanjutkan ke HIK (sekolah guru), Muhammadiyah Surakarta tapi tidak sampai akhir. Sudirman juga aktif di organisasi saat Pramuka Hizbul Wathan. Setelah itu ia menjadi guru di sekolahnya di Cilacap Muhammadiyah. Pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari militer Jepang melalui pendidikan. Setelah menyelesaikan pendidikannya di MAP, ia menjadi komandan batalyon di Kroya, Jawa Tengah. Kemudian ia menjadi komandan Divisi V / Banyumas sesudah TKR terbentuk, dan akhirnya terpilih Panglima Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia (Panglima TKR). Sudirman dikenal memiliki sebuah perusahaan swasta pada prinsip dan keyakinan, dia selalu menempatkan kepentingan banyak orang dan bangsa di atas kepentingan pribadi, bahkan kepentingan kesehatannya sendiri. Kepribadiannya ditulis dalam sebuah buku oleh Tjokropranolo, pengawal selama gerilya, sebagai seseorang yang selalu konsisten dan konsisten dalam membela kepentingan tanah air, bangsa dan negara. Selama pendudukan Jepang, Sudirman menjadi anggota dari Rakyat Dewan Pangan dan anggota DPR Karesidenan Banyumas. Saat ini ia mendirikan koperasi untuk membantu orang-orang dari kelaparan.



Setelah Perang Dunia II, Jepang menyerah tanpa syarat kepada Sekutu. Sukarno digunakan saat ini untuk menyatakan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Sudirman dan pasukannya bertempur di Banyumas, Jawa Tengah terhadap senjata dan amunisi Jepang dan ditangkap. Pada saat itu posisi Jepang masih kuat di Indonesia. MAP Soedirman mengorganisir batalyon ke dalam resimen berbasis di Banyumas, untuk menjadi tentara Republik Indonesia yang kemudian berperan besar dalam perang Revolusi Nasional Indonesia. Setelah Tentara Keamanan Rakyat (TKR) dibentuk, ia kemudian diangkat sebagai Panglima Divisi V / Banyumas dengan pangkat Kolonel. Dan melalui TKR Conference pada 12 November 1945, terpilih Soedirman TKR Komandan / Kepala Angkatan Bersenjata Indonesia. Kemudian ia mulai menderita TBC, tapi ia masih jatuh dalam perang gerilya melawan pasukan yang ingin menguasai Belanda NICA Indonesia setelah Jepang menyerah. Perang besar pertama adalah perang yang dipimpin Soedirman Palagan Ambarawa melawan NICA Inggris dan Belanda yang berlangsung dari November hingga Desember 1945. Pada bulan Desember 1945, pasukan yang dipimpin oleh Sudirman TKR bertempur melawan tentara Inggris di Ambarawa. Dan pada tanggal 12 Desember 1945, Sudirman melancarkan serangan serentak terhadap semua kedudukan Inggris Ambarawa. Pertempuran terkenal yang berlangsung selama lima hari berakhir dengan penarikan pasukan Inggris ke Semarang. Perang berakhir pada tanggal 16 Desember 1945. Setelah kemenangan di Sudirman Ambarawa Theater, pada tanggal 18 Desember 1945 ia diangkat sebagai General oleh Presiden Soekarno. Soedirman memperoleh pangkat Jenderal tidak melalui akademi militer atau pendidikan tinggi lainnya, tapi karena prestasinya. Jenderal Sudirman masih terjun ke dalam pertempuran selama agresi militer Belanda kedua di ibukota Yogyakarta. Ketika ibukota dipindahkan ke Yogyakarta, Indonesia Jakarta telah menguasai Belanda.Soedirman memimpin pasukannya untuk membela Yogyakarta dari serangan Belanda itu pada 19 Desember 1948. Dalam oposisi, kondisi kesehatan Jenderal Sudirman itu dalam keadaan sangat lemah tuberkulosis ia menderita untuk waktu yang lama. Yogyakarta kemudian dikuasai oleh Belanda, meskipun



Indonesia diperintah oleh tentara setelah Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949. Saat itu, Presiden Soekarno dan Mohammad Hatta dan beberapa anggota kabinet juga ditangkap oleh tentara Belanda. Karena situasi genting, Soedirman kruk kiri dengan pasukannya dan kembali ke perang gerilya. Dia pindah sekitar tujuh bulan dari satu hutan ke hutan lain, dan dari gunung ke gunung dalam keadaan sakit hampir tanpa pengobatan dan perawatan medis. rumah Soedirman gerilya karena kondisi kesehatannya tidak memungkinkan dia untuk memimpin Angkatan Bersenjata langsung. Setelah itu baru sosok Soedirman perencana di balik layar dalam kampanye gerilya melawan Belanda. Setelah penyerahan Belanda sebagai Amerika kepulauan Indonesia dalam Konferensi Meja Bundar di Den Haag, Jenderal Sudirman kembali ke Jakarta dengan Presiden Soekarno dan Wakil Presiden Mohammad Hatta 1949. Pada tanggal 29 Januari 1950, Jenderal Sudirman meninggal di Magelang, penyakit Jawa Tengah menderita TB berat. Ia dimakamkan di Taman Makam Pahlawan di semaki Negara Kusuma, Yogyakarta. Dia bernama Pembela Kemerdekaan pahlawan. Pada tahun 1997 ia dianugerahi anumerta kepada Mayor Jenderal peringkat bintang lima yang hanya dimiliki oleh beberapa jenderal di Indonesia sampai sekarang.