Hanyu Pinyin: Romanized Chinese Phonetics [PDF]

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HANYu PINYIN



)11t41f-i



PENG ' S CHINESE



TREASURY



concept and cartoons by Tan Hua y Peng



Times Books Int ernational S;II!1Qport _ /Ii"./"



lItmp~r



(1 1984 TImes Editions Pte Lid Published by Times Books International an imprint 01 Times EdJlions Pte Ltd Times Centre, 1 New Industrial Road Singapore 1953



Hany u Pinyin



6



The Four Tones



8



Simple Vowels



13



Compound .vowels



24



Consonants



41



The Neutral Tone



67



First published June 1984 Reprinted 1986, 1988, 1990



Tone Sandhi



71



Tone Marks



72



All rights reserved. No pan of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form Of by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.



The Umlaut Mark



74



Two-syllable Words



76



Vocabulary



82



2nd Floor, Wlsma Hong Leong Yamaha 50 Jalan Penchala 46050 PetaNng Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia



Printed by Mentor Printers Private Limited



ISBN 981 204 141 9



HAN YU PINYIN



Basic Words and Characters Approximately 500. basic words. with their Chinese characters in the modern simplified form. are progressively introduced in groups according to sound. As far as possible. the examples given for each vowel or consonant group ca n be identified from the cartoon .



100 Pinyin words with two syllables are also listed and explained .



Hanyu Pinyin. the Romanized Chinese phonetic System . is considered the most effective aid to learning Mandarin today. It is precise and accurate . and compared to other Romanizations, such as Wade-Giles and Yale . it is less complicated and thus more easily learnt. The system reads and writes easily . using fewer letters per sound than any other system . As an additional guide to proper pronunciation . simple tone marks are placed over the vowels.



Cartoons Learning Pinyin is really no drudgery. and cartoons have been used throughout for the dual function: to amuse and to teach . Almost effortlesslY , it is possible to learn the Pinyin spelling. pronunciation and pitch of each word . as well as its meaning and Chinese character - at the same time.



So flip these pages. be inspired , learn and have fun!



Pinyin Made Simple This book demonst rates the simplest way to master Pinyin. It analyzes the system . breaking down the sounds into simple vowels. compound vowels, and consonants. First things first. The 4 tones are introduced . after which comes the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant component of one-syllable words.



7 6



1st t one THE FOUR TONES



Chinese is a tonal language. Every Chinese character is a syllable with a fixed tone. If the tone is wrong, the meaning is changed right away. and in some cases corresponds with no existing Chinese character!



;;;



2nd tone



Mandarin . the official Chinese language. has four basic tones: each one is indicated by a tone mark . The tone marks are placed over the vowels. If the letter '"j" has a tone mark over it. the dot is om itted.



V



The first tone is a high continuous tone. like the reciting o f " A BCD. etc."



3rd tone



The second tone is a rising questioning tone, like a surprised " Huh?" The third tone is a drawling tone. first falling then riSing. like an indecisive " Well .. " The fourth tone is a sharp falling tone. like a purposeful " Yes!"



... "'



Exa mples:



a AAA



~



~



060 0



Q



u u u



~



~



T



1



4th tone



8



9



VOWELS



CONSONANTS II



In Mandarin there are 6 simple vowels and 15 compound vowels. The compound vowels are combinations of 2 or J vowels.



10



There are also 24 consonants. divided into 7 groups according to the way they are articulated .



II



SIMPLE VOWELS



COMPOUND VOWELS



a



a;



e



e; ;a



0



u U



CONSONANTS



SIMPLE VOWELS



""'"



~



ao



;e



;u



lao ,



u;



un



uo



~



ou



ua



uai



ua ue



b



p



d g



m



f



n k



ng



q.



, ,



zh ch sh z



c



y



w



h



,



s Lefs begin with the simple vowels:



a



e



0



u



U



12 13



a



p~



m. nA. .yii



h.



as in cash. rash when placed between 1 and n



a



as in mama . papa



sky



qi3n



T-



1000



see



xi!n



$I';



first



jian



7i: JlI.



dian



r.s



shop



piAn



!lQ



cheat



frog father



dian



,~.



spot



qian



fl



money



i§



IT



jiatt



~



reduce



miiin



ilii



noodles



beat



Ii,



fear



y'



jf



~1



mother



~a



it III Pft



carr y



tooth



tiNn



. :it



w.



hair



~



duck



ba



ha !



da



15



I'



e



e



as in ~a rn , learn



~



M\



Swan



de



he



iUJ



m



river



ge



~



song



ke



ge re



il:



1!!.\



lesson



she



"'c



~



tongue



jOin



he



n!O



drink



he



obtain



ye



individual



ho[



as in get, w£t when preceded by I or u lexcept for the letter yl



night



xi~



*4



slanting



ji ~



1I ill



elder sister



lie



~



crack



ji e



I~



receive



Ml



rea lly



bi~



~lJ



don't



Pt



leaf



die



I'Ji



fall



que ye yue



11



moon



[6 17



•



I



•



as in sir. wit



I



\ 1/ ~



is pronounced like a vocalized r if preceded by zh. eh, sh or r



, ' I"



.:'0:,



zhi



I1l



point



chi



0A i



AA!



sign plate



da i



>:>



bag



25 24



•



a0



26



el



sou nds like the "ow" in how



sou nds like the "ay" in gay



bao



tfj



be full



yao



P)(



bite



m~i



;r,



beautiful



fei



He



fat



cao



1~



gra ss



tao



iii



flee



pei



~5



accompany



wei



~J



stomach



mao



i'i!



cap



nao



[Jjj



noisy



mei



1:1
. flI flli.



make



guo



9 ffi iii $ ;:t



"0"



net



live



drop many



pass



3S



••



ua



is a combination of " u" and " a" but the 2 dots are absent from the



juan



m



contribute



juan



yuan



I1Q



garden



xuan



ill;



quan



!it :i:



quan



u"



••



ue



quan



II! 1m



circle



choose



juan



i\'l