Makalah Relative Pronoun Kel 3 [PDF]

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CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY A. Background After mastering English well, then we will be able to communicate with other nations in this world. In addition, we will be able to add our insights and knowledge for the progress of the nation and country, because we will be able to read English literature, listen to radio broadcasts abroad, and watch other science films. There are so many rules that must be considered in their use, especially in the field of writing. Therefore, we try to present one of the very important lessons to know and to master, which is about conjunctive pronouns, because this lesson is part of the writing field that is inscribed in the rules of the English language, in addition to fulfilling lecture assignments it also aims that hopefully this short writing can add our insights about English.



B. Problem Formulation 1. What is meant by Relative Pronoun? 2. What are the Types, Functions and Use of Relative Pronouns in sentences?



C. Purpose 1. To know the meaning of Relative Pronoun (Connecting pronouns). 2. To find out the Function and Use of Relative Pronoun (Connecting pronouns) in sentences.



CHAPTER II DISCUSSION



A. Definition of Relative Pronoun (Connecting pronouns) Relative pronouns are clauses preceded by question words (who, which, where) which are used to explain, give more information or describe nouns (nouns) or pronoun (pronouns). Here's the formula: Relative Clause = Relative Pronoun +/- Subject + Verb Complex Sentence = Independent Clause + Relative Clause.



B. Types, Functions and Use of Relative Pronoun (pronouns) in sentences 1. Who Who is a type of relative pronoun used to explain, give information or describe PEOPLE contained in the previous clause. So, Who This is usually used for:  The contact pronoun which means THAT  Used for humans as subjects  The usual words are followed by verbs or verbs  Used to combine two sentences as SUBJECT REPLACEMENT in the second sentence Consider the following examples: Example 1: "He has a new girlfriend who works in a garage" where 'who works in a garage' explains 'a new girlfriend'. Who can be used as a subject or object. Actually the sentence 'He has got a new friend who works in a garage' originally consisted of two sentences, namely: He has got a new grilfriend.



[She] works in a garage. Then the two sentences are combined by replacing the subject of the second sentence (she) with 'who'. In this case the who position is a subject that replaces the previous subject position, she. Relative pronoun who as subject always replaces subjects such as she, he, they, we, etc.  Example 2: 'His girlfriend who I met yesterday is on vacation.' consists of two different sentences, namely: His girlfriend is on vacation. I met [her] last night. Explain the position of who as an object because it changes the position of the object in the second sentence (her) by adding the information 'is on vacation'. Relative pronoun who as an object always replaces objects such as his, her, them, you, etc.  Example 3: The boy who is playing football on the yard is my neighbor. (The child who is playing soccer on the field is my neighbor.) Information: Who is the subject of the "is playing" verb and forms a relative clause that explains the "boy" subject.  Example 4: I looked for the man who lent me money. (I'm looking for a man who lent me money.) Information: Who is the subject of verb "Lent" and form a relative clause that explains "man".



2.Whom



Whom is a more formal form of who. Whom is often preceded by a preposition (functions as an object of preposition). This relative pronoun functions as an object in relative clause. So, whom is used for: 



Liaison pronouns WHERE ARE;







Used for humans whose position as objects;







Used as a substitute for the patient's noun in the second sentence;







After combining the sentence must be followed by the main noun.



 Example 1: He is the one for whom I'm waiting. (She's the only one I'm waiting for.) Information: Whom is an object of preposition "For" and form a relative clause that explains "one".  Example 2: The team you were watching has won three gold medals. (The team you watched has won three gold medals.) Information: Whom is an object of verb "were watching" and forms a relative clause that explains "team".



3. Which Functioning to connect noun objects, animals, or sometimes people (subject / object of sentence) with relative clause.Which is more specific than what. In relative clause, this relative pronoun refers to the subject or object. So, Which is used for: 



a connecting word meaning WHO







Used for inanimate objects or animals as subjects or objects







There are similarities with the use of Who and Whom, as objects



 Example 1:  I find a book, it belongs to me = i find a book which belongs to me.  We enter to the restaurant, it sells drink only = we enter to the restaurant which sells drink only. Which as an object (must be accompanied by the main noun)  Example 2: 



We met the dog, he beat it yesterday = we met the dog which he beat yesterday.







The pen was lost, you gave it to me = the pen was lost which you gave to me.



 Example 3: The table which was made of oak wood has broken. (The table made of oak has broken.) Information: Which is the subject of the "was made" verb and forms a relative clause that explains the "table".  Example 4: He always eats bread whichever he likes. (He always eats bread wherever he likes.) Information:Whichever is the object of the "likes" verb and forms a relative clause that explains the "bread" direct object.



4. Whose This is usually used for: 



Connecting pronouns meaning WHO







Used for humans or living things as their own.



 Example 1: 



I saw the lady, her bag was left on the bus = I saw the lady whose bag was left on the bus







This is the tree, it leaves fallen off = this is the tree whose leaves have fallen off



 Example 2: The woman whose car I want to buy is my old friend. (The woman whose car I want to buy is my old friend.) 5. That This relative pronoun functions to connect nouns as objects or sometimes people (subject / object of sentence) with relative clause. In it, this relative pronoun refers to the subject or object. That is used in defining clause. That tends to be informal (compared to who and which).  Example 1: Cats that live in the wild may have a better immune system. (Cats that live in the wild may have a better immune system.) Information: That is the subject of the "live" verb and forms a relative clause that explains "cats".  Example 2: The laptop that I bought five years ago is still working properly. (The laptop that I bought five years ago still works well.) Information: That is an object of verb "bought" and forms a relative clause that explains "laptop".



CHAPTER III CLOSING



A. Conclusion From the above explanation we can already distinguish the functions of each Relative Pronoun which is also commonly called the conjunctive pronoun which shows the person or object spoken of in the sentence. In addition, the relative pronoun also functions to combine two sentences which talking about the same person or thing. In Indonesian, this relative pronoun is interpreted by the word "yang". The words that can be used as relative pronoun are: who, who, which, whose, that.



BIBLIOGRAPHY



http://www.wordsmile.com/pension-example-kalimat-relative-pronouns (accessed on Saturday, October 8, 2016)



http://pelajaran-inggris.blogspot.co.id/2015/04/relative-pronoun.html pronouns (accessed on Saturday, October 8, 2016)



http://www.belajarahasainggris.us/2014/01/p explain-relative-pronoun-complete.html pronouns (accessed on Saturday, October 8, 2016)



https://adhyz26.wordpress.com/2013/10/30/makalah-pronoun/ pronouns (accessed on Saturday, October 8, 2016)