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THE GEORGE POST



INSIGHTS OF TOURISM IMPACT IN THE MAORI TRIBE By George Samsuddin May 5, 2020



What are indigenous groups? They are a group of aboriginal people belonging to a particular ethnic group that distinguishes themselves from other sectors. Groups are usually defined as indigenous when maintaining traditions or other aspects of an early culture associated with a specific region. The Māori are New Zealand's indigenous Polynesian People. Māori originated with settlers from Eastern Polynesia who arrived in New Zealand on several waves of Waka travels roughly between 1320 and 1350. These settlers developed their own distinctive culture over many centuries in isolation, whose language, mythology, crafts and performing arts formed independently of those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. In the days of international commerce and travel, tourism has increased. Starting from the 19th Century, New Zealand's first tourist attractions were the central North Island thermal thermal areas. Tourists from the Pākehā started to visit the hot springs around Rotorua. The Pink and White Terraces were the main attraction but they were lost when Mt Tarawera erupted in 1886.The term tourism resources describes natural and man-made attractions, facilities, services, and conditions that draw tourists to an area and can contribute to creating a destination for tourism. One of the most common tourism attractions or resources, as mentioned earlier, is the Haka dance. Today, Haka is still used during Māori ceremonies and celebrations to honor guests and show the importance of the occasion. Other than the Haka dance they are also famous for their Maori tattoo designs.Traditionally, the tattoos are on the face and body. They are unique and this adds to the attraction and increased art interest.



New Zealand Islands are the Maori's present-day birthplace. New Zealand is made up of two islands, North and South Island. The North Island topography is hilly with areas of flat, rolling terrain. The South Island is bigger than the North Island and more mountainous. The vast majority of Maori today (86 per cent) live on the North Island. There were vast forests before human habitation of the islands. The majority of Māori still continue to live in the northern regions. About 90% live on the North Island and about 60% of Māori live in Northland, Auckland, Waikato and Plenty Bay. However, the number of Māori people in the South Island has risen to 64,650 since 1991 by (38 per cent).



What makes the Maori tribe unique is their cultural traits. Maoris typically wear Western-style,trendy clothes. Except for special occasions they still wear their traditional clothes. Other than their clothing, the Hangi is the best known Maori culinary tradition. The Hangi is a feast that can only be prepared in the regions of the country where hot springs are available. A hole is caved in the earth, filled with rocks. Meat and vegetables are put in the pit above the rocks. In addition to this, the Maori Haka dance is among Polynesia's best recognized cultural practices. These dances are accompanied by the rhythms of song and body, formed by clapping hands, stomping feet and slapping thighs. There is a leader and a chorus reacting to the lead vocal line of the leader. The dance itself involves intense postures representing violent and warlike poses. Lastly, the Maoris believe in gods that represent nature's earths, sky, forests of nature. The Maori people often think their ancestors' spirits could be called upon to support them in times of need or war. Songs, art, dance, and deep spiritual beliefs are known in the Maori culture.



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The impact of tourism has shown a significant change on the Maori tribe. Research shows that 80% of those surveyed thought the expression of Maori culture had changed. For the 80% who claimed that there were changes, their reasoning includes: the Maori culture is becoming more commercialised, and Maori’s arts and crafts are becoming more accessible. Cultural elements of Māori changed. Some thought that changes were beneficial in that they were: ● Making Māori culture more recognizable, with a consequent reinforcement of respect ● Making Māori arts and crafts more accessible ● Making an environment that allows more Māori people to learn about their culture and heritage.



The Maori have also had a major influence on the forests of New Zealand, but for a much longer period of time. Between the beginning of New Zealand's Polynesian settlement around the fourteenth century and the beginning of organised European colonisation in the nineteenth century, it is estimated that the forest cover was reduced by about half, mainly by burning. The advantages of this was for clearing the forest included opening up the area to make it more habitable. Crops could be grown, and bracken fern was encouraged for its edible starchy rhizomes. Also, Burning kept tracks clear and travel would be much easier. But as the settlers cleared the bush for planting, tree stumps and ferns and scrub protective cover was removed ,which left this in place. In hilly areas the loose soils became very vulnerable to erosion, especially during heavy rain. This can trigger massive slips, and high sediment loads bring the runoff to rivers. River mouths and estuarine systems have been silted up over time, and mangroves have spread widely in some silted parts of Northern New Zealand. Even though tourists are benefiting by building a great understanding of the Maori culture, the Maori Tribe are at a greater advantage. As mentioned earlier, not only is Māori culture more recognizable, with a consequent reinforcement of respect making



Māori arts and crafts more accessible and making an environment that allows more Māori people to learn about their culture and heritage.They also expected more than half of this year's 3.8 million foreign tourists are expected to take part in Māori cultural activities, many of them a world away from passively experiencing haka and poi demonstrations which will make the economy in the Maori areas increase by tourism experiencing their cultures. Connecting this to the Sustainable Development Goals, tourism can also be a powerful tool to advance SDG #10, as it provides an effective means for developing countries, particularly the east developed countries, to participate in the global economy. Tourism (Transport companies) contribute to the SDG #1 by funding education and health initiatives, managing diversity, and involving staff who can help to lift people out of poverty. However, in terms of local recruitment, there is a strong need for transport to engage more in local suppliers' prosperity and awareness-raising campaigns for poverty and education.



a virus that demands that we shelter.Impacts of tourism failures are difficult, as data changes as quickly as the virus spreads. If the pandemic continues for several more months, the World Travel and Tourism Council, a trade group representing major global travel companies, is planning a global loss of 75 million jobs and $2.1 trillion in revenue. Other than losing an enormous amount of money and jobs this can impact the environment as people since Airplanes are grounded, which means people are locked inside and factories are shut down. Humans slow down the pace of economic activity to try and prevent the spread of COVID-19, the natural world breathes a sigh of relief. Where, as a result, air pollution has improved over regions in China and Europe.



As a result of the coronavirus pandemic, few industries have fallen as far and as fast as tourism. The technological innovation that put us closer together by making travel and tourism simple and affordable an innovation that fuelled one billion trips a year, is helpless in stopping



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