Passive Voice [PDF]

Citation preview

Passive voice Functions of the passive voice The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. In other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence. Examples   



The passive voice is used frequently. (= we are interested in the passive voice, not in who uses it.) The house was built in 1654. (= we are interested in the house, not in who built it.) The road is being repaired. (= we are interested in the road, not in the people who are doing the repairs.)



Sometimes we use the passive voice because we don't know or do not want to express who performed the action. Examples    



I noticed that a window had been left open. Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads. All the cookies have been eaten. My car has been stolen!



The passive voice is often used in formal texts. Switching to the active voice will make your writing clearer and easier to read. Passive A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen words. Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases. Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.



Active A few well-chosen words convey a great deal of meaning. A mass of gases wrap around our planet. The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of ways.



If we want to say who or what performs the action while using the passive voice, we use the preposition by. When we know who performed the action and are interested in him, it is always better to switch to the active voice instead. Passive Active "A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles. The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night". The movie ET was directed by Spielberg. Spielberg directed the movie ET. This house was built by my father. My father built this house.



Read more about the passive voice and active equivalents for all English verb tenses.



Forming the passive voice The passive voice in English is composed of two elements: the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' + past participle Affirmative The house was built in 1899. These houses were built in 1899.



Negative The house wasn't built in 1899. These houses weren't built in 1899.



Interrogative Was the house built in 1899? Were these houses built in 1899?



To clean, passive voice



Subject + to be (conjugated) + past participle + rest of sentence Simple present The house is cleaned every day. Present continuous The house is being cleaned at the moment. Simple past The house was cleaned yesterday. Past continuous The house was being cleaned last week. Present perfect The house has been cleaned since you left. Past perfect The house had been cleaned before they arrived. Future The house will be cleaned next week. Future continuous The house will be being cleaned tomorrow. Present conditional The house would be cleaned if they had visitors. Past conditional The house would have been cleaned if it had been dirty. Inifinitive The house must be cleaned before we arrive. Passive voice with infinitives



Negative Interrogative Wasn't the house built in 1899? Weren't these houses built in 1899?



The infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed by an infinitive. Examples     



You have to be tested on your English grammar. John might be promoted next year. She wants to be invited to the party. I expect to be surprised on my birthday. You may be disappointed.



Passive voice with gerunds



Gerunds are used after prepositions and verbs normally followed by a gerund. Examples       



I remember being taught to drive. The children are excited about being taken to the zoo. The children are excited to be taken to the zoo. Most film stars hate being interviewed. Most film stars hate to be interviewed. Poodles like to be pampered. Poodles like being pampered.



Using "to be born"



"To be born" is an passive form and is most commonly used in the past tense. However, in some cases, the present or future tense is appropriate. Examples    



I was born in 1976. Where were you born? Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week. We don't know on exactly which day the baby will be born.



Sometimes the passive is formed using the verb to get or to have instead of the verb to be. A separate page deals with these alternative ways to form the passive voice.



Belajar Bahasa Inggris Online Skip to content      



Home Daftar Isi Daftar Soal Parts of Speech Phrase Clause



Home » Verb & Verbal » Pengertian, Rumus, Penggunaan dan Contoh Kalimat Short Passive Verb & Verbal



Pengertian, Rumus, Penggunaan dan Contoh Kalimat Short Passive Pengertian Short Passive Short passive adalah konstruksi kalimat dalam passive voice dimana agent (ditampilkan dalam prepositional phrase: “by …”) tidak disebutkan. Ads by Google



Sebaliknya, tipe passive voice yang menyebutkan agent disebut long passive.



Short passive merupakan tipe passive voice yang paling umum digunakan di dalam bahasa Inggris, dimana dikenal juga dengan sebutan agentless passive.



Rumus Short Passive: S (doer of action / agent) + action verb + direct object (receiver of action) Active Voice



Someone stole her wallet. (Seseorang mencuri dompetnya.)



Short Passive S (receiver of action) + auxiliary verb + past participle



Her wallet was stolen by someone. (Dompetnya dicuri.)



Penggunaan Short Passive Ketika ingin menghindari menyebutkan subjek pada active voice, seseorang dapat mengonversi kalimatnya menjadi short passive yang tanpa agent. Agent yang merupakan subjek (pelaku aksi) versi active voice tersebut dapat tidak disebutkan karena beberapa alasan antara lain karena tidak diketahui, dianggap tidak penting atau tidak menarik, atau untuk menghindari tanggungjawab (biasanya pada laporan yang berhubungan dengan pemerintahan).



Contoh Kalimat Short Passive: Penggunaan



Contoh Kalimat Short Passive Active Voice:



Agent tidak diketahui.



Somebody has used my e-mail account to send spam. (Seseorang telah menggunakan akun e-mail saya untuk mengirim spam.) Short Passive:



My e-mail account has been used to send spam. (Akun e-mail saya telah digunakan untuk mengirim spam.) Active Voice:



Agent tidak penting atau menarik.



The shop’s technician is repairing my car. (Teknisi toko tersebut sedang memperbaiki mobil saya sekarang.) Short Passive:



My car is being repaired now. (Mobil saya sedang diperbaiki sekarang.) Active Voice: Agent tidak ditampilkan untuk menghindari tanggungjawab.



The president will raise the fuel prices next week. (Presiden akan menaikkan harga bbm minggu depan.) Short Passive:



Fuel prices will be raised next week. (Harga bahan bbm akan dinaikkan minggu depan.) Active Voice:



The government will increase the income tax. (Pemerintah akan menaikkan pajak pendapatan.) Short Passive:



The income tax will be increased. (Pajak pendapatan akan meningkat.) Active Voice:



The technician placed the soil sample in the clean pail.



Kalimat merupakan academic writing, (Teknisi menempatkan sampel tanah di dalam ember khususnya berhubungan dengan science bersih.) (ilmu pengetahuan). Short Passive:



The soil sample was placed in the clean pail. (Sampel tanah ditempatkan di dalam ember bersih.) Ads by Google



Related Posts: