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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM SMK YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT
BERBASIS
5S
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PENDIDIKAN DASAR DAN MENENGAH DIREKTORAT PEMBINAAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S Copyright © 2017, Direktorat Pembinaan SMK All Rights Reserved Pengarah Drs. H. Mustaghfirin Amin, M.BA Direktur Pembinaan SMK Penanggung Jawab Arie Wibowo Khurniawan, S.Si. M.Ak Kasubdit Program dan Evaluasi, Direktorat Pembinaan SMK Editor Chrismi Widjajanti, SE, MBA Kasi Program, Subdit Program dan Evaluasi, Direktorat Pembinaan SMK Penulis Drs. Ketut Ima Ismara, M.Pd., M.Kes. Arie Wibowo Khurniawan, S.Si. M.Ak Prof. Dr. Suwarna Dwijonagoro, M.Pd. Minta Harsana, A.Par., M.Sc. Ir. Ambar Pertiwiningrum, M.Si, Ph.D Pendukung Toto Sukisno, M.Pd. Muhammad Yafie Nuha Gilang Tirta Ramadhan Desain dan Tata Letak Rayi Citha Dwisendy, S.Ds ISBN
Penerbit: Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Komplek Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Gedung E, Lantai 13 Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, Senayan, Jakarta 10270
KATA PENGANTAR DIREKTUR PSMK
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Salam Sejahtera,
Melalui Instruksi Presiden (Inpres) Nomor 9 Tahun 2016 tentang Revitalisasi
Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK), dunia pendidikan khususnya SMK sangat terbantu karena akan terciptanya sinergi antar instansi dan lembaga terkait sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsi masing-masing dalam usaha mengangkat kualitas SMK. Kehadiran Buku “Manajemen Bengkel dan Labolatorium yang Sehat dan Selamat Berbasis 5S” diharapkan dapat memudahkan penyebaran informasi bagaimana tentang Revitalisasi SMK yang baik dan benar kepada seluruh stakeholder sehingga bisa menghasilkan lulusan yang terampil, kreatif, inovatif, tangguh, dan sigap menghadapi tuntutan dunia global yang semakin pesat.
Buku Revitalisasi SMK ini juga diharapkan dapat memberikan pelajaran yang
berharga bagi para penyelenggara pendidikan Kejuruan, khususnya di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan untuk mengembangkan pendidikan kejuruan yang semakin relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat yang senantiasa berubah dan berkembang sesuai tuntuan dunia usaha dan industri.
Tidak dapat dipungkuri bahwa pendidikan kejuruan memiliki peran strategis
dalam menghasilkan manusia Indonesia yang terampil dan berkeahlian dalam bidangbidang yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan.
Terima kasih dan penghargaan kami sampaikan kepada semua pihak yang terus
memberikan kontribusi dan dedikasinya untuk meningkatkan kualitas Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Buku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi media informasi terkait upaya peningkatan kualitas lulusan dan mutu Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di SMK yang harus dilakukan secara sistematis dan terukur. Wassalamu`alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Direktur PSMK
Drs. M. Mustaghfirin Amin, MBA.
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
i
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR i DAFTAR ISI ii BAB I : PENGELOLAAN LABORATORIUM DAN BENGKEL A. Manajemen Operasional 1 B. Manajemen Perbaikan Berkelanjutan
2
C. Pendekatan JIT (Just In Time)
16
D. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)
17
E. Pengembangan Sistem Laboratorium dan Bengkel Berbasis Komputer 28 F. Pengembangan Model SIMAF
35
G. Manajemen Penataan Fasilitas Laboratorium dan Bengkel 64 BAB II : KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA LBOLATORIUM DAN BENGKEL A. Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja
95
B. Penyebab Kecelakaan Kerja
100
C. Potensi Bahaya Laboratorium dan Bengkel
101
D. Pengendalian Sumber Bahaya di Linkungan Kerja
102
E. Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja
118
F. Penerapan K3 127 G. Human Error 128 H. Petunjuk Keselamatan jika terjadi kebakaran
ii
130
I. Pembudayaan Perawatan dan Keselamatan Kerja
134
J. Perilaku terhadap Keselamatan Kerja
139
K. Upaya-upaya yang Berkaitan dengan Keselamatan Kerja
142
L. Media Promosi K3
144
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB III : TEORI 5S (RINGKAS, RAPI, RESIK, RAWAT DAN RAJIN) A. 5R 159 B. Label 167 C. Pentingnya 5R Dalam Suatu Lembaga
181
D. Metode 5R (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu Dan Shitsuke)
181
E. Prinsip-prinsip Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin (5R) 184 F. Langkah-langkah penerapan Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin (5R) 188 G. Pedoman Pembudayaan Penataan Fasilitas Laboratorium Dan Bengkel Dengan Pendekatan 5R
191
H. Contoh Instrumen Aktifitas 5R
206
BAB IV : STANDAR LABORATORIUM DAN BENGKEL A. Laboratorium 209 B. Manajemen Laboratorium 213 C. Bengkel 231 BAB V : APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA BENGKEL MESIN DAN INSTALASI LISTRIK A. Penempatan Barang Yang Tidak Tertata Dengan Baik Dan Tidak Sesuai Tempatnya 237 B. Alat Pelindung Diri, Posisi Kerja, dan Penempatan Alat Kerja 242 C. Almari Penyimpanan Tertutup yang Tidak Diberi Label
245
D. Sarang Laba-Laba di Pojok Langit-Langit
247
E. Box Panel yang Tidak Ada Penutupnya
248
F. Penempatan dan Kondisi Alat Pemadam Kebakaran
250
G. Lorong 252 H. Almari Penyimpanan Helm Pelindung
253
I. Almari Penyimpanan Berkaca
254
J. Lantai yang Retak 256 K. Papan Pengumuman 257 L. Penamaan Ruang 258 M. Tempat Sampah 259 N. Pemasangan AC (Air Conditioner)
262
O. Poster K3 262 P. Emergency Button (Tombol Emergency)
265
Q. Emergency Exit 265 R. Instalasi Pemadam Api Otomatis
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
266
iii
BAB VI : APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA LABORATORIUM KOMPUTER A. Lab Komputer Dasar 267 B. Lab TV & Radio
279
C. Lab Elektronika Dasar 290 D. Tindakan Untuk Lab Elektronika
296
BAB VII : APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA BENGKEL KAYU, BENGKEL PLUMBING DAN SANITASI A. Mesin Gergaji Bentuk 297 B. Mesin Bor 1 298 C. Mesin Bor 2 299 D. Helm Tidak Pada Tempatnya
300
E. Serbuk Kayu 301 F. Kayu Berantakan 302 G. Alat Mengelas 303 H. Penempatan Alat Yang Kurang Rapi
304
I. Pekerja Sedang Praktik 305 J. Jalur transportasi 306 BAB VIII : APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R LABORATORIUM BOGA DAN KIMIA A. Penggunaan Alat Angkut Pindah Barang Pada Laboratorium Boga 307 B. Lemari Penyimpanan Alat
308
C. Kebersihan dan Kenyamanan Dalam Bekerja
308
D. Kebersihan Alat Setelah Digunakan Dan Tempat Penyucian 309 E. Pencahayaan Ruangan Alami Dan Buatan
310
F. Perlindungan Pekerja Dari Panas Alat
310
G. Penempatan instalasi listrik
311
H. Penempatan Alat Dan Bahan Ketika Bekerja
312
I. Bentuk dan kondisi Penyedot Asap
312
J. Penggunaan Alat Pemanas
313
K. Penyimpanan Dan Penempatan Tabung Gas
314
L. Kesalahan Penempatan Alat
314
M. Penerangan buatan 315 N. Almari Penyimpanan Alat dan Bahan
316
O. Kondisi kotak P3K 317 P. Peletakan Dan Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia
318
Q. Perangkap tikus 319 R. Mind Mapping Bengkel Mesin dan Instalasi Listrik
320
DAFTAR PUSTAKA 323 iv
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB I
PENGELOLAAN LABORATORIUM DAN BENGKEL
7IGEVEXIORMW71/XIORSPSKMHERMRHYWXVMWIFEKEMPIQFEKETIR]IPIRKKEVETIRHMHMOER HETEX HMMHIRXMOOER WEQE HIRKER WIFYEL MRHYWXVM /IHYER]E QIRKLEWMPOER WYEXY TVSHYOXIVXIRXY]ERKLEVYWFIVOYEPMXEW(M71/FELERFEOYR]EHMSPELQIPEPYMTVSWIW FIPENEV QIRKENEV XIVOEMX HIRKER TIRKIQFERKOER OSQTIXIRWM XIORMO TVSHYOWM -RHYWXVMQENYHI[EWEMRMXIPELQIRKKYREOERWXERHEVQERENIQIRTIVE[EXER/EM^IR ]ERK HMPIRKOETM HIRKER just in time, total preventive maintenance, .-8 841 HER 6 4IRKIQFERKER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW MRM QIRKKYREOER WXERHEV QERENIQIR ]ERK WEQE HIRKER HM MRHYWXVM OIPEW HYRME 3VKERMWEWM WYEXY MRHYWXVM ]ERK FIWEV HMTIVPYOER TIRKEXYVER YRXYO QIQTIVSPIL IJMWMIRWM ]ERK XMRKKM 3VKERMWEWM HMOEXEOER FIVLEWMP NMOE QEQTY QIRKIPSPE WYQFIVHE]EFIVYTEQERYWMEHERE[EOXYFELERFEOYMRJSVQEWMQIWMRTIVEPEXER MRJSVQEWM HER XIQTEX HIRKER IJMWMIR WIVXE IJIOXMJ XERTE QIRKYVERKM OITYEWER TIPERKKERWILMRKKEQEQTYFIVWEMRKHIRKERPIQFEKEPEMR]ERKWINIRMW71/MHIRXMO HIRKERMRHYWXVMHEPEQTIQVSWIWERFELERFEOYQIRNEHMTVSHYO]ERKFIVQERJEEX A.
Manajemen Operasional
Gambar 1. Metodologi Penerapan PDCA Prinsip 5 R
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1
%OXMZMXEWHMHEPEQMRWXERWMXMHEOXIVPITEWHEVMOIKMEXERSTIVEWMSREPR]EMXYWIRHMVM ]EMXYinput-process-output. /IKMEXERSTIVEWMSREPHMLEVETOERHETEXQIQIRYLM OIFYXYLERMRWXERWMHIRKERFEMO1IRYVYX8EQTYFSPSR1ERENIQIRSTIVEWMSREP QIVYTEOER QERENIQIR TVSWIW OSRZIVWM HIRKER FERXYER JEWMPMXEW WITIVXM XEREL XIREKEOIVNEQSHEPHERQERENIQIRQEWYOER(input) ]ERKHMYFELQIRNEHMOIPYEVER FIVYTE FEVERK EXEY NEWEPE]ERER 4IRKIRHEPMER QYXY HMFYXYLOER EKEV MRWXERWMHETEXQIQIRYLMOIFYXYLERR]EHIRKERFEMOWILMRKKEoutput ]ERKHMLEWMPOER WIWYEMXEVKIX HER PIFML TSWMXMJ HM QEXE QEW]EVEOEX]EMXYHIRKERPMRKOYRKERJMWMO XIQTEXOIVNE]ERKPIFMLEQERWILEXHERR]EQER1IRYVYXOYXMTER6MOE6SWXMOE "Workplace means a place (whether or not within or forming part of a building, structure, or vehicle) where any person is to work, is working, for the time being works, or customarily works, for gain or reward; and in relation to an employee, includes a place, or part of a place, under the control of the employer (not being domestic accommodation provided for the employee)".
%VXMR]E 8IQTEX OIVNE FIVEVXM WIFYEL XIQTEX ETEOEL MXY QIVYTEOER XIQTEX EXEY LER]E FEKMER HEVM KIHYRK FERKYRER EXEY OIRHEVEER HMQERE WIXMET SVERK EOER FIOIVNEWIHERKFIOIVNEQIRKKYREOER[EOXYYRXYOFIOIVNEEXEYFMEWER]EFIOIVNE YRXYO QIQTIVSPIL OIYRXYRKERYTEL HER HEPEQ LYFYRKERR]E HIRKER TIOIVNE XIVQEWYO XIQTEX EXEY FEKMER HEVM WIFYEL XIQTEX HMFE[EL TIRKYEWEER TIQFIVM OIVNE FYOERQIVYTEOERJEWMPMXEWOLYWYW]ERKHMWIHMEOERYRXYOTIOIVNE B.
Manajemen Perbaikan Berkelanjutan 1ERENIQIR FEKM WYEXY PIQFEKE XMHEO FIVWMJEX WXEXMW REQYR FMWE FIVYFEL WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER (EPEQ WYEXY QEREKIQIRX HMTIVPYOER FIVFEKEM QEGEQ TIVFEMOERYRXYOQIRYNYOIEVEL]ERKPIFMLFEMO0IQFEKE]ERKFIVWMJEXWXEXMWEOER HMXMRKKEPOEROEVIREPIQFEKEWXEXMWQIQMPMOMOIWYPMXERHEPEQFIVOIQFERK4IVFEMOER QEREKIQIRX LEQTMV XMHEO EHE WILMRKKE IJMWMIRWM HEVM PIQFEKE XIVWIFYX EOER FIVWMJEXWXEXMWNYKE7EPELWEXYYWELEYRXYOQIQTIVFEMOMQERENIQIREHEPELHIRKER QIXSHI QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER 1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER EHEPEL TIVFEMOER WIGEVE XIVYW QIRIVYW HER FIVOIWMREQFYRKER /IWEPELER ]ERK QIRMQFYPOER TIQFSVSWER LEVYW HMOSVIOWM 8MRHEOER ]ERK QIRKSVFEROER [EOXY FER]EO LEVYW HMLMPERKOER 7IKEPE ]ERK XMHEO TIVPY HER QIRKLEFMWOER FME]E LEVYW HMYFEL)ZEPYEWMPIQFEKEHMPEOYOERWIXMET[EOXYWILMRKKEPIQFEKEXIVWIFYXXMHEO EOERQIRKYPERKMOIWEPELERYRXYO]ERKOIHYEOEPMR]E
2
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1ERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXEREOERXIVEWEIJIOXMJNMOEWIQYETMLEOXIVPMFEXHM HEPEQR]E 7IQYE TMLEO ]ERK XIVPMFEX HMMOYXOER YRXYO HMWOYWM HEPEQ QIQYXYWOER WYEXY QEWEPEL 4IQIGELER ]ERK HMPEOYOER FIVWMJEX QIR]IPYVYL HER XMHEO FIVWMJEX WIQIRXEVE1ERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERWIFYELPIQFEKE]ERKFEVYFIVHMVM EOER QEQTY YRXYO FIVWEMRK HIRKER PIQFEKE PEMR ]ERK WINIRMW 1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERWIPEPYQIQFE[EOIEVELTIVYFELER]ERKPIFMLFEMO/IRHEPE YXEQE YRXYO QIPEOWEREOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER EHEPEL JEOXSV QIRXEP3VERK]ERKTIVXEQEOEPMQIPEOWEREOERQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER EOERQIVEWEXMHEOR]EQER1IVIOEEOERQIVEWEOIFMEWEERQIVIOEHMYFELWIGEVE QIRHEHEO 7IMVMRK HIRKER [EOXY QIVIOE EOER QIQELEQM XIRXERK QERENIQIR TIVFEMEOERFIVOIPERNYXERHIRKERWIRHMVMR]E 7YEXYPIQFEKEEXEYSVKERMWEWMNMOEHEPEQQIPEOWEREOERTVMRWMTTVMRWMTQERENIQIR TIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERWIGEVETIPERREQYRTEWXMEOERQIQTIRKEVYLMSVERKSVERK ]ERKFIVEHEHMHEPEQPIQFEKEEXEYSVKERMWEWMXIVWIFYXXIVQEWYOTEVEWMW[EOEVIRE EOERQIRNEHMFYHE]EYRXYOWIPEPYHERWIPEPYQIQTIVFEMOMHMVMXMHEOQIR]IVELTEHE OIXIVFEXEWER ]ERK EHE HER WIPEPY FIVYTE]E YRXYO QIQTIVFEMOM OSRHMWM ]ERK EHE HIRKER WYQFIVHE]E ]ERK XIVWIHME WIERHEMR]E XIVTEOWE LEVYW FIVMRZIWXEWMTYR NYQPELR]EVIPEXMJOIGMP
Gambar 2. Pentingnya Manajemen Perbaikan
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
3
.IRMW OIKMEXER ]ERK HM HEPEQR]E QIPMFEXOER SVERK FER]EO SVKERMWEWM HMTIVPYOER EHER]E WYEXY QERENIQIR 1ERENIQIR XIVWIFYX FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIRGETEM XYNYER ]ERK HMXEVKIXOER YRXYO QIRNEKE OIWIMQFERKER ERXEVE XYNYERXYNYER ]ERK FIVXIRXERKER HER YRXYO QIRGETEM IJMWMIRWM WIVXE IJIOXMJMXEW 1ERENIQIR ]ERK HMXIVETOER HEPEQ WYEXY SVKERMWEWM EOER QIRIRXYOER LEWMP ]ERK EOER HMGETEM SPIL SVKERMWEWM XIVWIFYX ,EWMP ]ERK HMQEOWYH HEPEQ LEP MRM PIFML QIRIOEROER OYEPMXEW HMOEVIREOER QEW]EVEOEX PIFML QIQMPML LEWMP ]ERK QIQTYR]EM OYEPMXEW ]ERK FEMO &IVHEWEVOER OSRHMWM HIQMOMER TIVWSEPER OYEPMXEW QIRNEHM WERKEX TIRXMRK FEKM OIPERKWYRKER LMHYT HER TIVXYQFYLER SVKERMWEWM 1IR]EHEVM LEP MRM FER]EO SVKERMWEWMJSVQEPWIGEVETVSKVIWMJQIRGEVMTSPEQERENIQIR]ERKTEPMRKIJIOXMJYRXYO QIRGETEMOYEPMXEW]ERKFEMO (MERXEVE WMWXIQ QERENIQIR ]ERK EHE FER]EO SVKERMWEWM EXEY PIQFEKE ]ERK QIRIVETOERWMWXIQQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERWITIVXMTEHEMRHYWXVM8S]SXE %WXVE 2MWWER 1SXSVW MRHYWXVM EWYVERWM 0%&YIRSW%VMIW HER MRHYWXVM FIWEV PEMRR]E Manajemen perbaikan berkelanjutan artinya ‘penyempurnaan’ atau ‘perbaikan’ FIVOIWMREQFYRKER]ERKQIPMFEXOERWIQYESVERKFEMOQERENIQIRTYRGEOQERENIV QEYTYR WIPYVYL OEV]E[ER OEVIRE QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER EHEPEL XERKKYRKNE[EFWIXMETMRHMZMHYSVERK 1EEWEOM-QEMGemba &IVHEWEVOER OSRWITR]EQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERHMFEKMQIRNEHMIREQOSRWITYXEQE ]EMXY 1. Perbaikan, perawatan dan inovasi (EPEQOSRXIOWQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERQERENIQIRQIQMPMOMHYEJYRKWM YXEQE ]EMXY TIVE[EXER HER TIVFEMOER 4IVE[EXER FIVOEMXER HIRKER OIKMEXER YRXYO QIQIPMLEVEXIORSPSKMWMWXIQQERENIVMEPWXERHEVSTIVEWMSREP]ERKEHEWIVXEQIRNEKE OSRHMWMXIVWIFYXQIPEPYMTIPEXMLERHERHMWMTPMR Tabel 1. Pandangan Fungsi Tugas
1ERENIQIR4YRGEO
1ERENIQIR1EH]E
4IVFEMOER
7YTIVZMWSV /EV]E[ER
4IVE[EXER
4IVFEMOERHETEXHMFIHEOERWIFEKEMQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERHER-RSZEWM 1ERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERFIVWMJEXTIVFEMOEROIGMP]ERKFIVPERKWYRKWIGEVE XIVYW QIRIVYW WIHERK -RSZEWM QIVYTEOER TIVFEMOER HVEWXMW WIFEKEM LEWMP HEVM MRZIWXEWMWYQFIVHE]E]ERKFIVNYQPELFIWEV
4
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Tabel 2. Manajemen Perbaikan Berkelanjutan dan Inovasi
1ERENIQIR4YRGEO
-RSZEWM
1ERENIQIR1EH]E
1ERENIQIR4IVFEMOER&IVOIPERNYXER
7YTIVZMWSV
4IVE[EXER
/EV]E[ER
2. Orientasi proses atau hasil 1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXERQIRIOEROER TSPE TMOMV FIVSVMIRXEWM TVSWIW OEVIRE LEWMP EOER QIRMRKOEX FMPE TVSWIW FIVPERKWYRK WIGEVE WIQTYVRE /IKEKEPER QIRGETEM LEWMP ]ERK HMVIRGEREOER QIVYTEOER GIVQMR HEVM OIKEKEPER TVSWIW SPIL OEVIRE MXY QERENIQIR LEVYW QIRIQYOER HER QIQTIVFEMOM TVSWIW XIVWIFYX 4IRHIOEXER FIVSVMIRXEWM TVSWIW LEVYW HMXIVETOER HEPEQ TIRGERERKER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER WITIVXM WMOPYW PDCA plan-do-check-action WMOPYW SDCA standardize-do-check-action QCD quality, cost, delivery TQM total quality management JIT just-in-time HERTPM total productive maintenance 3. Siklus PDCA/SDCA 0ERKOELTIVXEQEHEVMQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXEREHEPELQIRIVETOERWMOPYW PDCA
Plan-Do-Chek-Act
WIFEKEM
WEVERE
]ERK
QIRNEQMR
XIVPEOWERER]E
OIWMREQFYRKER HEVM QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER 6IRGERE Plan FIVOEMXER HIRKER TIRIXETER XEVKIX YRXYO TIVFEMOER OEVIRE 1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER EHEPEL GEVE LMHYT QEOE LEVYW EHE XEVKIX TIVFEMOER YRXYO WIQYE FMHERK HER TIVYQYWER VIRGERE XMRHEOER KYRE QIRGETEM XEVKIX XIVWIFYX 0EOYOER do FIVOEMXERHIRKERTIRIVETERHMVMHEVMVIRGEREXIVWIFYX4IVMOWE Check QIVYNYO TEHE TIRIXETER ETEOEL TIRIVETER XIVWIFYX TEHE NEPYV ]ERK FIREV WIWYEM HIRKER VIRGERE HER QIQERXEY OIQENYER ]ERK HMVIRGEREOER8MRHEOER Act FIVOEMXER HIRKER WXERHEVHMWEWM ]ERK FEVY FEKM TIVFEMOER FIVMOYXR]E 7MOPYW PDCA FIVTYXEV WIGEVE FIVOIWMREQFYRKER WIKIVE WIXIPEL WYEXY TIVFEMOER XIVGETEM OIEHEER TIVFEMOERXIVWIFYXHETEXQIQFIVMOERMRWTMVEWMYRXYOXELETTIVFEMOERWIPERNYXR]E 4. Mengutamakan kualitas 8YNYERHEVMOYEPMXEWFME]EHERTIR]IVELER(QCD)EHEPELQIRIQTEXOEROYEPMXEWTEHE TVMSVMXEWXIVXMRKKM8MHEONEHMWSEPFEKEMQEREQIREVMOR]ELEVKEHERTIR]IVELER]ERK HMXE[EVOER OI OSRWYQIR MRHYWXVM XMHEO EOER QEQTY FIVWEMRK NMOE OYEPMXEW HER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
5
TIPE]ERERR]E XMHEO QIQEHEM 4VEOXMO QIRKYXEQEOER OYEPMXEW QIQFYXYLOER OSQMXQIRQERENIQIROEVIREQERENIVWIVMRKOEPMFIVLEHETERHIRKERKSHEERYRXYO QIQFYEX OSQTVSQM FIVOIREER HIRKER TIVW]EVEXER TIR]IVELER EXEY TIQSXSRKER FME]E
Gambar 3. Ilustrasi Menjaga Komitmen
5. Berbicara dengan data 1IRGSFE QIQIGELOER QEWEPEL XERTE HEXE EHEPEL TIQIGELER QEWEPEL FIVHEWEVOERWIPIVEEXEYTIVEWEERWYEXYTIRHIOEXER]ERKXMHEOMPQMELEXEYSFNIOXMJ 6. Proses berikut adalah konsumen 7IQYE TIOIVNEER TEHE HEWEVR]E XIVWIPIRKKEVE QIPEPYM WIVERKOEMER TVSWIW HER WIXMET TVSWIW XIVHETEX TIQEWSO EXEY TVSHYWIR HER OSRWYQIR 4VSHYWIR LIRHEOR]EXMHEOQIRIVYWOERTVSHYO]ERKGEGEXEXEYNIPIOTEHETVSWIWFIVMOYXR]E NMOEWYHELXIVNEHMLEP]ERKHIQMOMERQEOEOSRWYQIREOERQIRNEHMTIVGE]EHIRKER TVSHYO]ERKHMLEWMPOER /MEXOMEXTIPEOWEREERQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER]EMXY EHEOERPSOEOEV]EWYWYR VIRGERE LYFYRKM TMLEOTMLEO ]ERK OSQTIXIR MRJSVQEWMOER LEWMPLEWMP OIKMEXER QERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER1ERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERHMFEKMQIRNEHM WIKQIR (V(IQMRKHER(V.YVERHEVM%7
6
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER ]ERK FIVSVMIRXEWM TEHE QERENIQIR QIQYWEXOER TIVLEXMERR]E TEHE QEWEPEL PSKMWXMO HER WXVEXIKMW ]ERK XIVTIRXMRK QIQFIVMOERQSQIRXYQYRXYOQIRKINEVOIQENYERWIVXEQSVEP 1ERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER]ERKFIVSVMIRXEWMTEHEOIPSQTSOHMPEOWEREOER SPILKYKYWOIRHEPMQYXYOIPSQTSOJinshu KansiQERENIQIRWYOEVIPEQIRKKYREOER EPEX WXEXMWXMO YRXYO QIQIGELOER QEWEPEL QIRKEREPMWE QIPEOWEREOER HER QIRIXETOERWXERHEVTVSWIHYVFEVY 1ERENIQIR
TIVFEMOER
FIVOIPERNYXER
]ERK
FIVSVMIRXEWM
TEHE
-RHMZMHY
HMQERMJIWXEWMOER HEPEQ FIRXYO WEVER HMQERE WIWISVERKLEVYW FIOIVNE PIFML TMRXEV FMPEXMHEOQEYFIOIVNEOIVEW &IFIVETETSMRXTIRXMRKHEPEQTVSWIWTIRIVETERQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER ]EMXY (V(IQMRKHER(V.YVERHEVM%7 1. Konsep 3M (Muda, Mura, dan Muri) dalam istilah Jepang /SRWIT MRM HMFIRXYO YRXYO QIRKYVERKM OIPIPELER QIRMRKOEXOER QYXY QIQTIVWMRKOEX[EOXYHERQIRKYVERKMEXEYIJMWMIRWMFME]EMuda HMEVXMOERWIFEKEM QIRKYVERKMTIQFSVSWERMuraHMEVXMOERWIFEKEMQIRKYVERKMTIVFIHEERHERMuri HMEVXMOERWIFEKEMQIRKYVERKMOIXIKERKER 2.
Gerakkan 5R (Ringkasi, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin) 6MRKOEWEVXMR]EQIQFIVIWOERXIQTEXOIVNE6ETMFIVEVXMQIR]MQTERHIRKERXIVEXYV 6IWMOFIVEVXMQIQIPMLEVEXIQTEXOIVNEWYTE]EXIXETFIVWML6E[EXFIVEVXMOIFIVWMLER TVMFEHM6ENMRFIVEVXMHMWMTPMRHIRKERWIPEPYQIRXEEXMTVSWIHYVHMXIQTEXOIVNE
3.
Konsep PDCA dalam manajemen perbaikan berkelanjutan 7IXMETEOXMZMXEWYWELE]ERKOMXEPEOYOERTIVPYHMPEOYOERHIRKERTVSWIHYV]ERKFIREV KYREQIRGETEMXYNYER]ERKOMXELEVETOERQEOE PDCA (Plan, Do, Check dan Action) LEVYWHMPEOYOERXIVYWQIRIVYW
4.
Konsep 5W + 1H 7EPELWEXYEPEXTSPETMOMVYRXYOQIRNEPEROERVSHEPDCAHEPEQOIKMEXERQERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER EHEPEL HIRKER XIORMO FIVXER]E HIRKER TIVXER]EER HEWEV 5W + 1H (What, Who, Why, Where, When dan How). /IFIVLEWMPERQIRIVETOERXIORSPSKM EWMRKHETEXQIQTVSHYOWMFEVERKWIGEVEFIWEVFIWEVERHERQIRKIRHEPMOERQYXY WIFEMOFEMOR]E WIOSPEL QIQYWEXOER TIVLEXMERR]E TEHE TIR]IQTYVREER WMWXIQ OIVNE HEPEQ FMHERK XIORSPSKM TVSHYOWM-RM FIVEVXM QIVIOE QIQMPMOM OIWERKKYTER YRXYOQIQIRYLMQIRKMOYXMOIMRKMRERTIPERKKERHEROIFYXYLERTEWEVHEPEQ[EOXY ]ERKWMRKOEX/YRGMR]EEHEPELQIOERMWEWMSXSQEXMWEWMVSFSXMWEWMHERWMWXIQ]ERK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
7
WEPMRK FIVOEMXER 1ERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER LER]EPEL WEPEL WEXY GMVM OLYWYW TEHE PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER OEVIRE QEWML FER]EO OSRWITOSRWIT PEMR ]ERK WIPEPYFIVQYRGYPERPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERWIPEPYFIVTMOMVFEL[EXMHEOWEXYLEVMTYR FSPILFIVPEPYXERTEWIWYEXYXMRHEOERTIR]IQTYVREERHEPEQPIQFEKETIRHMHMOER ,EQFEXER ]ERK QYRKOMR HMLEHETM TMLEOTMLEO FIVOITIRXMRKER HEPEQ TIRIVETER QERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXEREHEPELWIFEKEMFIVMOYX8MHEOFIVQMREXYRXYO XIVPMFEXWIFEKMERSVERKXMHEOQIRKMRKMROEROIVNEXEQFELERWIPEMRTIOIVNEER]ERK WIOEVERKQIVIOEPEOYOER1IVIOE XMHEOFIVQMREXYRXYOMOYXWIVXEHEPEQOIKMEXER ]ERKQIRYVYXQIVIOELER]EQIREQFELFIFER%RKKSXEHI[ERWIOSPELLEVYWPIFML FER]EOQIRKKYREOER[EOXYR]EHEPEQLEPLEP]ERKQIR]ERKOYXTIVIRGEREERHER ERKKEVER%OMFEXR]EOITEPEWIOSPELHERKYVYXMHEOQIQMPMOMFER]EO[EOXYPEKM]ERK XIVWMWEYRXYOQIQMOMVOEREWTIOEWTIOPEMRHEVMTIOIVNEERQIVIOE8MHEOWIQYEKYVY EOER FIVQMREX HEPEQ TVSWIW TIR]YWYRER ERKKEVER EXEY XMHEO MRKMR QIR]IHMEOER [EOXYR]E YRXYO YVYWER MXY Tidak efisien, TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER ]ERK HMPEOYOER WIGEVE TEVXMWMTEXMJ EHEOEPER]E QIRMQFYPOER JVYWXVEWM HER WIVMRKOEPM PIFML PEQFER HMFERHMRKOERHIRKERGEVEGEVE]ERKSXSOVEXMW4EVEERKKSXEHI[ERWIOSPELLEVYW HETEXFIOIVNEWEQEHERQIQYWEXOERTIVLEXMERTEHEXYKEWFYOERTEHELEPLEPPEMR HMPYEVMXY
Pikiran kelompok, WIXIPEL FIFIVETE WEEX FIVWEQE TEVE ERKKSXE HI[ER WIOSPEL OIQYRKOMRER FIWEV EOER WIQEOMR OSLIWMJ (M WEXY WMWM LEP MRM FIVHEQTEO TSWMXMJ OEVIREQIVIOEEOERWEPMRKQIRHYOYRKWEXYWEQEPEMR(MWMWMPEMROSLIWMZMXEWMXY QIR]IFEFOERERKKSXEXIVPEPYOSQTVSQMWLER]EOEVIREXMHEOQIVEWEIREOFIVPEMRER TIRHETEXHIRKERERKKSXEPEMRR]E4EHEWEEXMRMPELHI[ERWIOSPELQYPEMXIVNERKOMX TMOMVER OIPSQTSO -RM FIVFELE]E OEVIRE OITYXYWER ]ERK HMEQFMP OIQYRKOMRER FIWEVXMHEO PEKMVIEPMWXMW Memerlukan pelatihan, TMLEOTMLEO]ERKFIVOITIRXMRKER OIQYRKOMRER FIWEV WEQE WIOEPM XMHEO EXEY FIPYQ FIVTIRKEPEQER QIRIVETOER QSHIP ]ERK VYQMX HER TEVXMWMTEXMJ MRM 1IVIOE OIQYRKOMRER FIWEV XMHEO QIQMPMOM TIRKIXELYERHEROIXIVEQTMPERXIRXERKLEOMOEXQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER WIFIREVR]EHERFEKEMQEREGEVEOIVNER]ETIRKEQFMPEROITYXYWEROSQYRMOEWMHER WIFEKEMR]E Kebingungan atas peran dan tanggung jawab baru, TMLEOTMLEO ]ERK XIVPMFEX OIQYRKOMRER FIWEV XIPEL WERKEX XIVOSRHMWM HIRKER MOPMQ OIVNE ]ERK WIPEQE MRM
8
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIVIOEKIPYXM4IRIVETERQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERQIRKYFELTIVERHER XERKKYRK NE[EF TMLEOTMLEO ]ERK FIVOITIRXMRKER 4IVYFELER ]ERK QIRHEHEO OIQYRKOMRERFIWEVEOERQIRMQFYPOEROINYXERHEROIFMRKYRKERWILMRKKEQIVIOE VEKYYRXYOQIQMOYPXERKKYRKNE[EFTIRKEQFMPEROITYXYWERKesulitan koordinasi, WIXMET TIRIVETER QSHIP ]ERK VYQMX HER QIRGEOYT OIKMEXER ]ERK FIVEKEQ QIRKLEVYWOEREHER]EOSSVHMREWM]ERKIJIOXMJHERIJMWMIR/IKMEXER]ERKFIVEKEQ EOERFIVNEPERWIRHMVMOIXYNYERR]EQEWMRKQEWMRK]ERKOIQYRKOMRERFIWEVWEQE WIOEPMQIRNEYLHEVMXYNYERWIOSPEL 4MLEO ]ERK FIVOITIRXMRKER LEVYW HMPMFEXOER WINEO E[EP WILMRKKE QIVIOE HETEX QIQEWXMOER FEL[E WIXMET LEQFEXER XIPEL HMXERKERM WIFIPYQ TIRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER (YE YRWYV TIRXMRK EHEPEL TIPEXMLER ]ERK GYOYT XIRXERK QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HER OPEVMJMOEWM TIVER EXEYTYR XERKKYRK NE[EF WIVXE LEWMP ]ERK HMLEVETOER OITEHE WIQYE TMLEO ]ERK FIVOITIRXMRKER 7IQYE ]ERK XIVPMFEX LEVYW QIQELEQM ETE WENE XERKKYRK NE[EF TIRKEQFMPEROITYXYWER]ERKHETEXHMFEKMSPILWMETEHERTEHEPIZIPQEREHEPEQ SVKERMWEWM %RKKSXE QEW]EVEOEX WIOSPEL LEVYW QIR]EHEVM FEL[E EHEOEPER]E LEVETER ]ERK HMFIFEROEROITEHEWIOSPELXIVPEPYXMRKKM4IRKEPEQERTIRIVETERR]EHMXIQTEXPEMR QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E HEIVEL ]ERK TEPMRK FIVLEWMP QIRIVETOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER XIPEL QIQJSOYWOER LEVETER QIVIOE TEHE HYE QEWEPEL QIRMRKOEXOER OIXIVPMFEXER HEPEQ TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER HER QIRKLEWMPOER OITYXYWER PIFML FEMO 4IRHMHMOER QIVYTEOER WEPEL WEXY JEOXSV ]ERK QIRIRXYOER HEPEQ TIVOIQFERKER HER OIQENYER WYEXY 2IKEVE NMOE TIRHMHMOER HETEX FIVNEPER HIRKER FEMO HER IJMWMIR QEOE 2IKEVE NYKE EOER QIVEWEOER HEQTEOR]E 2IKEVE -RHSRIWME QIR]IHMEOER HERE YRXYO TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER ]ERK FIWEVR]E OYVERK HEVM HEVMJEOXEXIVWIFYXQEYXMHEOQEYPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERLEVYWQIRGEVMHEREPEMR EKEVPIQFEKER]EQIQTYR]EMOSRHMWMOIYERKERHEPEQPIZIP]ERKEQER 4IVQEWEPELER]ERKHMLEHETMSPILPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERHM-RHSRIWMETEHEYQYQR]E HERPIQFEKETIRHMHMOEROINYVYERTEHEOLYWYWR]EERXEVEPEMR 1.
Lembaga pendidikan yang bersifat birokratif 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOER ]ERK QEWML FIVXYQTY TEHE FMVSOVEWM EOER WYPMX YRXYO FIVOIQFERK OEVIRE NMOE MRKMR QIRKIQFERKOER PIQFEKER]E LEVYW QIRYRKKY OITYXYWER HEVM TIQMQTMR PIQFEKE (M HYRME TIRHMHMOER FMVSOVEWM QIVYTEOER LEP
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
9
]ERK WERKEX QIRKKERKKY1MWEPR]E TEHE WEEX QIRKYVYW ]YHMWMYQ OMXE FMWE QIRKLEFMWOER[EOXYWEXYFYPERLER]EYRXYOQIR]IPIWEMOEREHQMRMWXVEWM&MVSOVEWM ]ERK FIVPEOY HEPEQ PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER EOER XMHEO XIVPEPY QIRSRNSP FMPE EHE TIRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER OEVIRE QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HM HEPEQ PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER EHEPEL QERENIQIR ]ERK QIPEOYOER TIVFEMOERWIGEVEXIVYWQIRIVYW&MVSOVEWM]ERK XIVPEPYVYQMXEOERQIRKEOMFEXOER TIQFSVSWER FEMO TIQFSVSWER YERK QEYTYR TIQFSVSWER [EOXY QEOE FMVSOVEWM XIVWIFYXXIXETFIVPEOYXIXETMXMHEOXIVPEPYQIRKIOERK 1EEWEOM-QEM 2.
Terjadinya pemborosan pada sistem pembelajaran &IFIVETE PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER XIPEL FIVYWELE YRXYO QIRIOER QELEPR]E FME]E TIRHMHMOER HIRKER QIPEOYOER IJMWMIRWM HEPEQ WMWXIQ TIQFIPENEVER )JMWMIRWM XIVQEWYO HEPEQ FMHERK [EOXY OYVMOYPYQ HER WXVEXIKM QIRKENEV ,ER]E FIFIVETE WIOSPEL WENE ]ERK QIRIVETOERR]E NMOE HMETPMOEWMOER HIRKER WYRKKYLWYRKKYL FME]E TIRHMHMOER QEWML XIVEWE QELEP FEKM FIFIVETE OEPERKER QEW]EVEOEX -RHSRIWME 4IRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HMHEPEQ WMWXIQ TIQFIPENEVER HETEX HMXIVETOER ETEFMPE WIQYE [EVKE PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER QIRHYOYRK WIKEPE TIVYFELER ]ERK XIVNEHM HIRKER WIKEPE OSRWIOYIRWMR]E &IFIVETETVMRWMT]ERKFMWEQIRNEQMROIRHEPMQYXYFIVFEWMWPDCA EHEPEL a. Quality first 7IQYE TMOMVER HER XMRHEOER TIRKIPSPE LEVYW QIQTVMSVMXEWOER QYXY .YQPEL WMW[E ]ERK PYPYW FYOER QIVYTEOER NEQMRER EXEW QYXY WIOSPEL ]ERK FEMO 4IVGYQENMOEQIVIOEPYPYWHIRKERWXERHEVX]ERKWERKEXQMRMQ2MPEMXMRKKMNYKE FYOER QIVYTEOER YOYVER YRXYO QIRIRXYOER OYEPMXEW WIOSPEL &ER]EO WMW[E ]ERKPYPYWRMPEM]ERKXMRKKMTIPE]ERER]ERKQIQYEWOERWEVERE]ERKQIQEHEM HERWMW[E]ERKFIVQSVEPEHEPELLEP]ERKFMWEQIRNEHMXSPSOYOYVWIOSPEL]ERK FIVOYEPMXEW b. Stakeholder- in 7IQYE TMOMVER LEP HER XMRHEOER TIRKIPSPE TIRHMHMOER LEVYW QIQTVMSVMXEWOER QYXY LEVYW HMOIVNEOER LEXMLEXM ,MRHEVM WIKEPE FIRXYO XMRHEOER ]ERK XMHEO FIVKYREHERFIVTIRKEVYLXIVLEHETTIRYVYRERQYXY c. The next process is our stake holders 7IXMET SVERK ]ERK QIPEOWEREOER XYKEW HEPEQ TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER LEVYW QIRKERKKETSVERKPEMR]ERKQIRKKYREOERLEWMPTIPEOWEREERXYKEWR]EWIFEKEM stakeholderR]E ]ERK LEVYW HMTYEWOER ,EP ]ERK TSWMXMJ HETEX HMGETEM ETEFMPE WIXMETSVERKFIVXMRHEOHIQMOMER7IQYEOEPERKEREOERFIVPSQFEPSQFEYRXYO QIPEOYOER]ERKXIVFEMOHIRKERLEXM]ERKXMHEOXIVFIFERM
10
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
d. Speak with data 7IXMET SVERK TIPEOWERE TIRHMHMOER LEVYW QIPEOYOERXMRHEOER HER QIRKEQFMP OITYXYWERFIVHEWEVOEREREPMWMWHEXE]ERKXIPELHMTIVSPILXIVPIFMLHELYPYFYOER FIVHEWEVOER TIRKERHEMER EXEY VIOE]EWE8MRHEOER ]ERK HMEQFMP FIVHEWEV TIRKERHEMER FMWE QIR]IFEFOER OIVYKMER WILMRKKE YRXYO QIQTIVSPIL HEXE ]ERKEOYVEXOMXEFMWEPERKWYRKXIVNYROIPETERKER 1EEWEOM-QEMGemba e. Upstream management 7IQYE TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER HM HEPEQ TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER HMPEOYOER WIGEVE TEVXMWMTEXMJ FYOER SXSVMXEXMJ 8ELET check TEHE QERENIQIR OIRHEPM QYXY FIVFEWMW PDCA XIVHETEX XMXMOXMXMO OIRHEPM QYXY (quality check points)HMQERE WIXMETSVERKTIPEOWERETIRHMHMOERLEVYWQIRKEYHMXLEWMPTIPEOWEREERXYKEWR]E HIRKER WXERHEVX QYXY ]ERK XIPEL HMXIXETOER 'SRXSL XMRHEOER JSVQEXMJ ]ERK HMPEOYOER TEHE EOLMV WIXMET TSOSO FELEWER TSOSO FELEWER QIVYTEOER XMXMO OIRHEPM QYXY HEPEQ TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER ]ERK HMPEOYOER YRXYO QIRKEYHMX ETEOEL WXERHEV QYXY TIQFIPENEVER WIFEKEMQERE HMVYQYWOER HEPEQ FIRXYO 8YNYER-RWXVYOWMSREP/LYWYW 8-/ XIPELHETEXHMGETEM ,EWMP EYHMX XIVR]EXE TSWMXMJ HEPEQ EVXM XIPEL QIRGETEMWXERHEV S HEPEQ SDCA QYXYWIFEKEMQEREHMVYQYWOERHEPEQ8-/QEOETEHETVSWIWTIVIRGEREEREXEY Plan P HEPEQ PDCA FIVMOYXR]E WXERHEV QYXY XIVWIFYX LEVYW HMXMRKKMOER WILMRKKE EOER XIVNEHM QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER QYXY TIRHMHMOER ,EWMPIZEPYEWMXIVR]EXERIKEXMJFIVEVXMWXERHEVQYXY]ERKHMVYQYWOERHEPEQ8-/ FIPYQ EXEY XMHEO XIVGETEM HER LEVYW WIKIVE HMPEOYOER XMRHEOER EXEY Action A HEPEQPDCA EKEVWXERHEVQYXYHETEXHMGETEM'SRXSLFMPE8IW*SVQEXMJXIVR]EXE QIRYRNYOOERLEWMPHMFE[EL 8-/QEOEKYVYLEVYWQIPEOYOER Action (A dalam PDCA) ]ERK HETEX FIVYTE TIRKYPERKER TIQFELEWER TSOSO FELEWER XIVOEMX WEQTEM 8-/ HETEX HMGETEM 1IRIXETOER XMXMOXMXMO OIRHEPM QYXY (quality checkpoints) TEHE WIXMET WEXYER OIKMEXER HEPEQ QERENIQIR OIRHEPM QYXY FIVFEWMW PDCA,QIVYTEOERconditio sine qua non EXEYa must 3.
Biaya praktikum yang cukup tinggi (bahan, energi, dll) /LYWYWYRXYOFME]ETVEOXMOYQYRXYONIRMWWIOSPEL71/WERKEXPELFIWEVFEMOFIVYTE FELER YRXYO TVEOXMO EPEXQIWMR HER TIVPIRKOETERR]E WIVXE IRIVKM PMWXVMO EXEY
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
11
PEMRR]E ,EP MXY QIQIVPYOER XIVSFSWERXIVSFSWER WITIVXM FEKEMQERE QIQFYEX FEVERKFEVERK TVEOXMOYQ MXY FYOER LER]E QIVYTEOER FEVERK PEXMLER EXEY FEVERK WMQYPEXSVXIXETMHMYWELEOERQIRNEHMFEVERKNEHM]ERKPE]EOHMNYEPEXEYHMTEWEVOER OIQYHMERLEWMPTIRNYEPERFMWEHMKYREOERYRXYOFIPERNEFELERHERWIFEKMERYRXYO QIRYRNERKFME]EIRIVKM 4.
Penataan tempat dan ruang yang kurang baik dan keadaaan tempat belajar yang kotor. 4IREXEER XIQTEX ]ERK OYVERK FEMO HER OIEHEER XIQTEX FIPENEV ]ERK OSXSV EOER FIVTIRKEVYLPERKWYRKTIWIVXEHMHMOXIVLEHETOSRWIRXVEWMHERQMREXFIPENEV,EPMRM FIVHEQTEO TEHE OYEPMXEW PYPYWER NMOE TIWIVXE HMHMO HEPEQ FIPENEV WYHEL XMHEO OSRWIRXVEWM HER XMHEO QIQMPMOM QMREX QEOE TVIWXEWM FIPENEV NYKE EOER QIRYVYR 7EPELWEXYOSQTSRIRHEVMQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXEREHEPEL6 6MRKOEW 6ETM6IWMO6E[EXHER6ENMR 4IRIVETER6HEPEQPIQFEKETIRHMHMOEREOERHETEX QIRKEXEWMTIVQEWEPELERTIREXEERXIQTEX]ERKOYVERKFEMOHEROIEHEERXIQTEX FIPENEV ]ERK OSXSV 6ETM FIVEVXM QIRKIPSQTSOOER FEVERK FIVHEWEVOER TIRKKYREERR]E HER QIREXER]E WIGEVE QIQEHEM EKEV YTE]E HER [EOXY YRXYO QIRGEVM QIRNEHM QMRMQYQ 4IRIVETERR]E WIQYE FEVERK LEVYW QIQMPMOM EPEQEX XIVXIRXYREQEXIVXIRXYHERZSPYQIXIVXIRXY 1EEWEOM-QEM Gemba &EVERK ]ERKFIVEHEHEPEQPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERLEVYWHMXIQTEXOERTEHEPSOEWMXIVXIRXY 6IWMOFIVEVXMQIQFIVWMLOERPMRKOYRKER FIPENEVXIVQEWYOHMHEPEQR]E OIFIVWMLER PERXEMOIPEWPMRKOYRKERFIPENEVXIVQEWYOLEPEQERWIOSPELXSMPIXEPEXXYPMWHERPEMR PEMR.EHMHIRKERQIRIVETOER6TIVQEWEPELERTIREXEERXIQTEX]ERKOYVERKFEMO HEROIEHEERXIQTEXFIPENEV]ERKOSXSVHETEXXIVEXEWM
12
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 4. Sebelum Penerapan Manajemen Perbaikan Berkelanjutan
Gambar 5. Sesudah Penerapan Manajemen Perbaikan Berkelanjutan
5.
Publikasi 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOER 71/ FMWE QIRSRNSP HEPEQ QEW]EVEOEX HMOEVIREOER OIGIVHEWERR]E OIREOEPERR]E WMWXIQ TIRKENEVERR]E HER LEP PEMR ]ERK QIRSRNSP 7IOSPEL ]ERK FMEWEFMEWE WENE XMHEO XIVHIRKEV HM QEW]EVEOEX YQYQ 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOERWILEVYWR]EPIFMLHMOIREPOEVIREOIFEMOERR]EYRXYOPIFMLQIRKIREPOER PIQFEKEWIOSPELFMWEHMKYREOERTYFPMOEWM4YFPMOEWM]ERKHMWIPIRKKEVEOERWIWYEM HIRKER OIEHEER ]ERK WIFIREVR]E 8MHEO QIPIFMLPIFMLOER HER NYKE XMHEO QIRKYVERKM7MJEXTYFPMOEWMLER]EQIQFIVMOERMRJSVQEWMWIHERKOERTIRMPEMERXIXET FIVKERXYRK TEHE QEW]EVEOEX MXY WIRHMVM /IEHEER MRM EOER PIFML QIRKYRXYRKOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
13
QEW]EVEOEX XMHEO QIVEWE HMXMTY WILMRKKE WMJEXR]E EOER PIFML XVERWTEVER 1EW]EVEOEX QYPEM FMWE QIRMPEM LEP ]ERK TSWMXMJ XIVLEHET PIQFEKE QEOE PIQFEKE QEW]EVEOEX XMHEO QIVEWE HMXMTY WILMRKKE WMJEXR]E EOER PIFML XVERWTEVER HETEXFIVOIQFERKHERQIRHETEXHYOYRKERPIFMLFIWEV 1EW]EVEOEX QYPEM FMWE QIRMPEM LEP ]ERK TSWMXMJ XIVLEHET PIQFEKE QEOE PIQFEKE HETEXFIVOIQFERKHERQIRHETEXHYOYRKERPIFMLFIWEV 4YFPMOEWM FMWE HMFIVMOER HEPEQ FIRXYO FVSWYV QIHME QEWWE EXEY TIR]YPYLER OI HEPEQ QE]EVEOEX 4YFPMOEWM ]ERK HMFIVMOER LEVYW WIWYEM HIRKER OIEHEER 4YFPMOEWM FMWEQIHME HMFIVMOER HEPEQ FIRXYO FVSWYV EXEY TIR]YPYLER OI QEW]EVEOEX ]ERK HMWEQTEMOER LEVYWQIHME WIPEPYQEWWE HMTIVFEVYM -RHMOEXSV FMWE HEPEQ QE]EVEOEX ]ERK HMFIVMOER LEVYW QIHME WIWYEMMXYHIRKER QIRKKYREOER OVMXMO 4YFPMOEWM QEW]EVEOEX QEYTYR OIIJIOXMJER WIRHMVMOIEHEER 1EQTY QEW]EVEOEX QIHME ]ERK HMWEQTEMOER LEVYW WIPEPY HMTIVFEVYM -RHMOEXSV FMWE XMHEOR]EQIRMRKOEXOERTEWEVHMPEOYOERHIRKERFIOIVNEWEQEFIVFEKEMTMLEOHEPEQ QIRKKYREOER OVMXMO QEW]EVEOEX QEYTYR OIIJIOXMJER QIHME MXY WIRHMVM 1EQTY TIVFEMOER]ERKQEOWMQYR XMHEOR]EQIRMRKOEXOERTEWEVHMPEOYOERHIRKERFIOIVNEWEQEFIVFEKEMTMLEOHEPEQ TIVFEMOER]ERKQEOWMQYR 6. 6.
Input 4IRHMHMOERXIVHETEXXMKEJEOXSVTSOSO]EMXYinput,TVSWIWTIRKIPSPEERHERout put. Input /IXMKELEPXIVWIFYXWEPMRKFIVOEMXERNMOEinput HERTVSWIWR]EFIVNEPERHIRKERFEMO 4IRHMHMOERXIVHETEXXMKEJEOXSVTSOSO]EMXYinput,TVSWIWTIRKIPSPEERHERout put. QEOEout put]ERKHMLEWMPOERNYKEEOERFEMOXIXETMLEP]ERKTEPMRKTSOSOHMXIRXYOER /IXMKELEPXIVWIFYXWEPMRKFIVOEMXERNMOEinput HERTVSWIWR]EFIVNEPERHIRKERFEMO SPILTVSWIWR]EOIR]EXEERR]EPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERHETEXQIRKLEWMPOERout put ]ERK QEOEout put]ERKHMLEWMPOERNYKEEOERFEMOXIXETMLEP]ERKTEPMRKTSOSOHMXIRXYOER FEKYW [EPEYTYR inputR]E OYVERK FEKYW ,EP MRM HMOEVIREOER JEOXSV TVSWIWR]E SPILTVSWIWR]EOIR]EXEERR]EPIQFEKETIRHMHMOERHETEXQIRKLEWMPOERout put ]ERK FIVLEWMP HMNEPEROER HIRKER FEMO XIXETM PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER ]ERK HIQMOMER WERKEX FEKYW [EPEYTYR inputR]E OYVERK FEKYW ,EP MRM HMOEVIREOER JEOXSV TVSWIWR]E NEVERKInput EHEPELWEPELWEXYJEOXSV]ERKQIQTIRKEVYLMPYPYWER&ER]EOPIQFEKE FIVLEWMP HMNEPEROER HIRKER FEMO XIXETM PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER ]ERK HIQMOMER WERKEX TIRHMHMOERQEQTYQIRKLEWMPOERout putFEKYWHMWIFEFOEROEVIREinputR]EFEKYW NEVERKInput EHEPELWEPELWEXYJEOXSV]ERKQIQTIRKEVYLMPYPYWER&ER]EOPIQFEKE HER TVSWIW ]ERK HMNEPEROER NYKE FEKYW 4IVQEWEPELER QIRKIREM input HETEX TIRHMHMOERQEQTYQIRKLEWMPOERout putFEKYWHMWIFEFOEROEVIREinputR]EFEKYW HMTIGELOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER ]EMXY HER TVSWIW ]ERK HMNEPEROER NYKE FEKYW 4IVQEWEPELER QIRKIREM input HETEX HIRKERQIRMRKOEXOERWXERHEVQEWYOFEKMGEPSRWMW[EHIRKERNEPERXIVWIFYXQEOE HMTIGELOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER ]EMXY EOERHMTIVSPILinput]ERKFEKYW
7.
HIRKERQIRMRKOEXOERWXERHEVQEWYOFEKMGEPSRWMW[EHIRKERNEPERXIVWIFYXQEOE Sumber Daya Manusia EOERHMTIVSPILinput]ERKFEKYW 7YQFIV HE]E QERYWME QIVYTEOER WEPEL WEXY LEP ]ERK YXEQE HEPEQ PIQFEKE
7.
Sumber Daya0IQFEKE Manusia EOER QENY NMOE HMTMQTMR SPIL TIQMQTMR ]ERK OVIEXMJ HER TIRHMHMOER 7YQFIV HE]E QERYWME QIVYTEOER WEPEL WEXY LEP ]ERK YXEQE HEPEQ PIQFEKE FIVXERKKYRKNE[EF/IOVIEXMJERFMWEHMOIQFERKOERHIRKERTIPEXMLERWIQMREVEXEY TIRHMHMOER EOERHIRKER QENY NMOE HMTMQTMR ]ERK OVIEXMJ HER TYR HIRKER 0IQFEKE WXYHM FERHMRK PIQFEKE PEMRSPIL ]ERKTIQMQTMR WINIRMW EOER QIRMRKOEXOER FIVXERKKYRKNE[EF/IOVIEXMJERFMWEHMOIQFERKOERHIRKERTIPEXMLERWIQMREVEXEY OVIEXMJMXEWQEWMRKQEWMRKTMLEO7YQFIVHE]EQERYWMEFMWEHMNEKEHERHMXMRKOEXOER TYR HIRKER WXYHM FERHMRK HIRKER PIQFEKE PEMR ]ERK4IVFEMOER WINIRMW EOER QIRMRKOEXOER QIRKKYREOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER ]ERK QIR]IPYVYL OVIEXMJMXEWQEWMRKQEWMRKTMLEO7YQFIVHE]EQERYWMEFMWEHMNEKEHERHMXMRKOEXOER WIVXEXIVYWQIRIVYW7IGEVEFIVOEPETIVPYHMEHEOERIZEPYEWM6ETEXERXEVERKKSXE QIRKKYREOER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER 4IVFEMOER ]ERK QIR]IPYVYL ]ERKFIVLYFYRKERFMWEHMPEOYOERXMETTEKMWIFIPYQQIQYPEMOIVNE)ZEPYEWM]ERK WIVXEXIVYWQIRIVYW7IGEVEFIVOEPETIVPYHMEHEOERIZEPYEWM6ETEXERXEVERKKSXE TIRXMRKFMWEHMFYOYOERHERHMNEHMOEREKIRHE ]ERKFIVLYFYRKERFMWEHMPEOYOERXMETTEKMWIFIPYQQIQYPEMOIVNE)ZEPYEWM]ERK TIRXMRKFMWEHMFYOYOERHERHMNEHMOEREKIRHE
14
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
8.
Lingkungan 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOER NMOE MRKMR FIVLEWMP QIRHMVMOER QIQTIVXELEROER HER QIQENYOER PIQFEKER]E QEOE PIQFEKE XIVWIFYX LEVYW QIQMPMOM LYFYRKER ]ERK FEMOHIRKERPMRKOYRKERWIOMXEVPIQFEKEEXEYWIOSPEL0MRKOYRKERWIOMXEVPIQFEKE HEPEQLEPMRMEHEPELQEW]EVEOEXWIOMXEVPIQFEKEXIVWIFYXQIVIOEQIQMPMOMTIVER ]ERK TIRXMRK FEKM OIPERKWYRKER LMHYT PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER HEPEQ OIR]EXEERR]E PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER XMHEO FMWE XIVPITEW HEVM QEW]EVEOEX WIOMXEVR]E OEVIRE HEVM QEW]EVEOEX WIOMXEV PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER EOER QIQTIVSPIL inputWMW[E 4IVQEWEPELER LYFYRKER ERXEVE PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER HIRKER QEW]EVEOEX HEPEQ QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HETEX HMTIGELOER HIRKER GEVE QIPMFEXOER QEW]EVEOEX WIOMXEV OI HEPEQ TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER WITIVXM HMPMFEXOER HEPEQ OSQMXI WIOSPEL FEKM ERKKSXE QEW]EVEOEX ]ERK FIVOSQTIXIR HMPMFEXOER HEPEQ OITIRKYVYWER&4HERHIRKERGEVEQIR]MROVSROERERXEVEOIFYXYLERQEW]EVEOEX XIVLEHETTIQFYOEERTVSKVEQWXYHMNYVYWER
9.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Dan Kerja Sama 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOER 71/ XMHEO QYRKOMR EOER FMWE FIVOIQFERK XERTE FIOIVNE WEQE HIRKER TMLEO PEMR /IVNEWEQE LEVYW HMFERKYR YRXYO FMWE QIRMRKOEXOER OMRIVNE4MLEOHMREWEOERWERKEXQIQFERXYHEPEQTIR]YWYREROYVMOYPYQ0IQFEKE PEMR EOER QIQFERXY HEPEQ TIRKIQFERKER QIXSHI TIRKENEVER ]ERK HMKYREOER 3VERKXYE[EPMEOERQIQFERXYHEPEQTIR]IHMEERWEVEREHERTVEWEVERETIRHMHMOER -RJSVQEWM ]ERK HMKYREOER LEVYW FIVWMJEX GITEX HER EOYVEX -RJSVQEWM ]ERK GITEX EOER QIQTIVGITEX TIRERKKYPERKER XIVLEHET WYEXY QEWEPEL -RJSVQEWM ]ERK EOYVEXEOERQIQTIVXIKEWOITYXYWER]ERKHMPEOYOER7MWXIQMRJSVQEWMNYKELEVYW QIRKEPEQM TIVOIQFERKER WIWYEM HIRKER OIQENYER XIORSPSKM QIWOMTYR QIQIVPYOERFME]E]ERKXMHEOWIHMOMX 4IRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HEPEQ TIRHMHMOER HM -RHSRIWME LEVYW HMNEPEROER EXEW HEWEV TIRKIVXMER WIVXE XERKKYRK NE[EF FIVWEQE YRXYO QIRKYXEQEOER IJMWMIRWM TIRHMHMOER XMRKKM HER TIRMRKOEXER OYEPMXEW HEVM TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER 1IPEPYM TIRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER HEPEQ WMWXIQ TIRHMHMOER]ERKHMNEPEROERWIGEVEXIVYWQIRIVYWHEROSRWMWXIRQEOETIRHMHMOER HM -RHSRIWME EOER HETEX QIRKLEWMPOER out put ]ERK FIVOYEPMXEW OEVIRE HIRKER HMHYOYRK SPIL FMVSOVEWM ]ERK XMHEO XIVPEPY VYQMX TIREXEER XIQTEX ]ERK FEMO HER OIFIVWMLERPMRKOYRKERFIPENEV]ERKXIVNEKEQEOETIWIVXEHMHMOEOERR]EQERYRXYO QIPEOYOER TVSWIW FIPENEV QIRKENEV HER EOER FIVHEQTEO HIRKER VEMLER TVIWXEWM ]ERK FEKYW 9RXYO QIRHSVSRK TVSWIW XIVWIFYX TIVPY HMFYEXOER OIKMEXER PSQFE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
15
OIFIVWMLER ERXEV WIOSPEL ]ERK NYEVE QIRHETEX TIRKLEVKEER ]ERK XIVFYVYO QIRHETEX XIKYVER TIQFMREER NMOE TIVPY HMTYFPMOEWMOER XIVQEWYO ]ERK XIVFYVYO YRXYOQIQFYEXIJIOWEROWMQSVEP 0IQFEKE TIRHMHMOER HETEX QIQMRMQEPMWEWM TIRKIPYEVER YERK YRXYO TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVERWIFEKEMGSRXSLNMOETIWIVXEHMHMOWYHELQIQMPMOMOIQEQTYERHEPEQ TVEOXMOQIRKIPEWQEOEKYVYHSWIRLEVYWQIRKLEVKEMOIQEQTYER]ERKHMQMPMOMHER QIQFIVMOER OSQTIRWEWM YRXYO XMHEOQIRKMOYXM OIKMEXER TIQFIPENEVER QIRKIPEW ,EPXIVWIFYXHETEXQIRKYVERKMFME]E]ERKHMOIPYEVOERSPILPIQFEKEYRXYOTVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER(YRMETIRHMHMOEREOERHMHETEXOERIJMWMIRWM]ERKWIQEOMRFIWEVNMOE HMXIVETOER QERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER7IXMETNM[ETVMFEHMQERYWMETEWXM QIQMPMOMNM[EQERENIQIRTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERNMOEOIQEQTYERMXYHMTYTYOHER HMSVKERMWMVEOERQIRNEHMOIOYEXER]ERKWERKEXPYEVFMEWE4IRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERHETEXQIRKLEWMPOERWIXMETOSQTSRIR]ERKFMWEQIRIVMQE TIVYFELERWIGEVEXIVFYOE 1EEWEOM-QEM C.
Pendekatan JIT (Just In Time)
/SRWITJust In Time (JIT)EHEPELWYEXYOSRWITHMQEREFELERFEOY]ERKHMKYREOER YRXYO EOXMJMXEW TVSHYOWM HMHEXERKOER HEVM TIQEWSOEXEY supplier XITEX TEHE [EOXY FELER MXY HMFYXYLOER SPIL TVSWIW TVSHYOWM WILMRKKE EOER WERKEX QIRKLIQEX FELOER QIRMEHEOER FME]E TIVWIHMEER FEVERK TIR]MQTERER FEVERKstocking cost. 8ISVMOSRWITjust in timeHMXIQYOERSPILWISVERKFIVOIFERKWEER.ITERKFIVREQE 8EMMGLM 3LRS HEVM MRHYWXVM OIRHEVEER QSXSV 8S]SXE 4IVLMXYRKER WIVXE OIVNE WEQE ]ERK FEMO ERXEVE TIR]EPYV TIQEWSO HER FEKMER TVSHYOWM LEVYWPEL FEMO /IXIVPEQFEXER EOMFEX WEPEL TIVLMXYRKER EXEY OINEHMER PEMRR]E HETEX QIRKLEQFEX TVSWIWTVSHYOWMWILMRKKEHETEXQIRMQFYPOEROIVYKMERFEKMMRHYWXVM4IRHIOEXERMRM QIQTYR]EM GMVMGMVM ERXEVE WIFEKEM FIVMOYX TIPE]ERER WIGITEX QYRKOMR EOYVEX VIPIZER HER WIPEQEX TIPEOWEREER TVSHYOWM LEVYW WIRERXMEWE FIVSVMIRXEWM TEHE OIFYXYLERTIPERKKERHEREHETIRKIRHEPMERHEPEQTVSWIWTVSHYOWM 7IQEOMR QIRKIGMPR]E FEXEW ERXEV RIKEVE TIVFIHEER OYEPMXEW TVSHYOWM ERXEVE TVSHYWIRWEXYHIRKER]ERKPEMRR]EOMRMWIQEOMRQIRMTMW/SRHMWMWITIVXMMXYMRHYWXVM ]ERK TEPMRK IJMWMIR HER GITEX HEPEQ QIRdeliver TVSHYOR]EPEL ]ERK EOER QEQTY QIQIRERKOERTIVWEMRKERHMHYRMEKPSFEPWEEXMRM7EPELWEXYLEP]ERKYVKIRYRXYO HMIJMWMIRWMOER MEPEL VERXEM TIQEWSO &IVFMGEVE QIRKIREM VERXEM TIQEWSO MRM OMXE
16
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
HMLEHETOER TEHE HYE TMPMLER pull EXEY push system. Pull system QIRKERHEPOER MRJSVQEWM TIVQMRXEER HEVM TIPERKKER WIQIRXEVE push system PIFML QIRKERHEPOER TIVIRGEREER WIGEVE XIVTYWEX Pull system WIRHMVM WEEX MRM PIFML HMOIREP HIRKER WIFYXERQIXSHIJust In Time (JIT)1IREVMOR]ETIRIVETERQIXSHIJITHIRKERXITEX HER OVIEXMJ XIVFYOXM QEQTY QIQFE[E WIFYEL MRHYWXVM OI XMXMO XIVFEMOR]E &ER]EO QERJEEX ]ERK HETEX HMTIVSPIL HIRKER EHER]E TIRIVETER JIT HMERXEVER]E EHEPEL QIRKYVERKM TIR]MQTERKER QIRKYVERKM TIVWIHMEER FELER ]ERK FIPYQ HMTIVPYOER QIQFIVHE]EOER TIQEWSO YRXYO QIRMRKOEXOER OYEPMXEW HER TIRKIRHEPMER EPMVER FEVERK 0MQFEL TVSHYOWM TEHE WMWXIQ .-8 HMYWELEOER YRXYO HMLMPERKOER QMWEPR]E EHER]E OIKMEXER TVSHYOWM FIVPIFML HER TVSHYO ]ERK GEGEX LEVYW HMXMEHEOER 7MWXIQ JIT QIRKKYREOER Pull systemEVXMR]E QIRKERHEPOERMRJSVQEWMHEVMTIPERKKER&IVMOYX MRM EOER HMYVEMOER FEKEMQERE GEVE QI[YNYHOER JIT ]EMXY WIXMET TVSWIW LEVYW FIVSVMIRXEWM JIT TIRKIRHEPMER OYEPMXEW TVSHYO QIRITEXM NEH[EP HER NEH[EP HMYWELEOER WXEFMP QIRKKYREOER Kanban Pull System, FIOIVNE HIRKER ZIRHSV QIRKYVERKM TIVWIHMEER QIRMRKOEXOER TIVIRGEREER TVSHYO TIVWMETER JIT HEPEQ TIOIVNEERNEH[EP]ERKXIXETHIWEMR]ERKXIXETOYEPMXEWTIR]EPYVERTIRKKYREEREXEY TIRHMWXVMFYWMER ]ERK XIVWXERHEV OYEPMXEW TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER TVSHYOWM ]ERK FEMO HER EHER]E HEXE FEWI ]ERK PIRKOET /SRWIT TIRIVETER WMWXIQ JIT ERXEVE PEMR HIRKER QIQTIVPYEW NEVMRKER QIRKKYREOER XIORSPSKM ICT FIVSVMIRXEWM TEHE OYEPMXEWTIVIRGEREERFIFER]ERKWIVEKEQQIQTIVWMRKOEX[EOXYYRXYOTIVWMETER 4IRHIOEXER JIT MRM HETEX HMXIVETOER HM 71/ QIRKMRKEX FEL[E XMHEO WIHMOMX MRIJMWMIRWM XIVNEHM HM71/XIVQEWYO HEPEQ TIR]MQTERER FELER TVEOXMO ]ERKXIVPEPY PEQEWILMRKKEHETEXQIRMQFYPOEROIVYKMER(MWMWMPEMREHENYKE71/]ERKXMHEOFMWE QIR]IHMEOERFELERTEHEWEEXOIKMEXERTVEOXMOEOERHMPEOWEREOER D.
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) &MHERK TVSHYOWM WYHEL PEQE QIQMPMOM WMWXIQ QERENIQIR OIXMOE SVERK FIPYQ QIQTIVLEXMOERFEKEMQEREGEVEQIRKEXYVFMHERKTIVE[EXEROEVIRELER]EHMERKKET WIFEKEMTIRYRNERK]ERKXMHEOTIVPYHMEXYVPIFMLGIVQEX7IXIPELXIORSPSKMTIVQIWMRER QIRNEHMPIFMLVYQMXHEROETEWMXEWTVSHYOWM]ERKHMQMPMOMTEFVMOWIQEOMRFIWEVQYPEM XIVEWEOIXMHEOQEQTYERQIWMRYRXYOQIQIRYLMXEVKIXTVSHYOWM]ERKLEPMRMFIVEVXM OIVYKMER FIWEV /IXMHEOQEQTYER XIVWIFYX HMEOMFEXOER SPIL KERKKYEROIVYWEOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
17
]ERK XMHEO FMWE HMTIVOMVEOER WIFIPYQR]E HER LER]E HETEX HMEXEWM ETEFMPE WIOSPEL QIQMPMOM QERENIQIR ]ERK FEMO HM FMHERK TIVE[EXER WILMRKKE HMQYPEMPEL QEWE TIVOIQFERKERQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHEVM]ERKTEPMRKWIHIVLERE]EMXY“Breakdown Maintenance”LMRKKEWIOEVERK]EMXY“Total Productive Maintenance”.
TPM EXEYTotal Productive MaintenanceEHEPELWIFYELWMWXIQQERENIQIRTIVE[EXER ]ERKHEPEQTVSWIWR]EQIPMFEXOERSVERKQYPEMHEVMQERENIVLMRKKEOISTIVEXSVHER XIORMWMHMPIZIPTEPMRKFE[EL7MWXIQMRMFIVWMJEXQIR]IPYVYL XSXEP HERXIVMRXIKVEWM HIRKERFEMOQIPMTYXMTIVWSRMPTIVE[EXERTMVERXMHEREPEXYNMWYOYGEHERKJEWMPMXEW OLYWYW HEXE HER TIVERKOEX PYREO &ME]E ]ERK XMHEO XITEX EOER FIVHEQTEO TEHE OSRXVMFYWMFME]E]ERKXMRKKMTotal Productive MaintenanceQIVYTEOERWYEXYJMPSWSJM ]ERK FIVXYNYER QIQEOWMQEPOER IJIOXMZMXEW HEVM JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HMKYREOER HM HEPEQ MRHYWXVM]ERKXMHEOLER]EHMEPEQEXOERTEHETIVE[EXERWENEXETMTEHEWIQYEEWTIO HEVM STIVEWM HER MRWXEPEWM HEVM JEWMPMXEW TVSHYOWM XIVQEWYO NYKE HMHEPEQR]E TIRMRKOEXER QSXMZEWM HEVM SVERKSVERK ]ERK FIPENEV HEPEQ WIOSPEL MXY /SQTSRIR HEVMTPMWIGEVEYQYQXIVHMVMEXEWFEKMER]EMXY Total approach WIQYESVERKMOYX XIVPMFEX FIVXERKKYRK NE[EF HER QIRNEKE WIQYE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK EHE HEPEQ TIPEOWEREERTPM.
Productive action WMOETTVSEOXMJHEVMWIPYVYLWMW[EXIVLEHETOSRHMWMHERSTIVEWMHEVM JEWMPMXEWWIOSPELMaintenance TIPEOWEREERTIVE[EXERHERTIRMRKOEXERIJIOXMZMXEW HEVM JEWMPMXEW HER OIWEXYER STIVEWM TVSHYOWM 4IR]IFEF OIVYKMER WILMRKKE LEVYW HMOIPYEVOERR]EFME]ETIVE[EXEREHEPEL OIVYWEOEREPEXTIRKSTIVEWMERQIWMR]ERK XMHEOWXERHEVTIVWSRMPXMHEOQIQEHEMWYOYGEHERK]ERKXMHEOXIVWIHMEXMHEOEHEEPEX YNMHERXMHEOEHER]EHEXEXIVGEXEXFEMOTIQFIPMERTIRKKYREERQEYTYRHEXEPEMRR]E Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) QIVYTEOER NE[EFER ]ERK EOER QEQTY QIRKEXEWM OIVYKMER HIRKER TVSKVEQTVSKVEQR]E ]ERK XIVHMVM HEVM /IKMEXER OIPSQTSO OIGMP YRXYO QIRERKKYPERKM TIR]IFEF OIVYKMER TIVFEMOER QIWMR YRXYO QIRGETEM OSRHMWM STIVEWM QEOWMQEP HER QIRKYVERKM PENY OIEYWER /IXIVPMFEXER STIVEXSV TVSHYOWM YRXYO QIRNEKE OSRHMWM HEWEV EPEXQIWMR 1IRMRKOEXOER WMJEX QEQTY TIPMLEVE maintainability HER QEQTY XYRNERK sustainability TIRMRKOEXER IJIOXMZMXEWFME]EHERIJMWMIRWMTIOIVNEERTIVE[EXERWIPEMRMXYTPMQIQMPMOMTVSKVEQ TIRGIKELER TIVE[EXER Maintenance Prevention ]ERK QIVYTEOER MRXIKVEWM HEVM TIVE[EXERengineeringHERHIWEMRIV
18
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
/ILERHEPER EPEX WMJEX QEQTY TIPMLEVE HER QEQTY XYRNERK HMTIVLMXYRKOER WIHMRM QYRKOMR ]EMXY TEHE WEEX HIWEMR /IQYHMER EREPMWMW ]ERK GIVQEX HEVM engineer HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIRIRXYOER OIWIMQFERKER ERXEVE TIVE[EXER TIRGIKELER HER TIVE[EXER OSVIOXMJTIVFEMOER /IPIQELER FMWE HMXIQYOER TEHE WEEX commisioning HER HMYTE]EOER WIQYE EPEX WIQEOWMQEP QYRKOMR FMWE FIFEW TIVE[EXER (maintenance free).&EXEWERTPMXIVHMVMHEVMYRWYV]EMXY QIQFERKYROIVNEWEQEHM MRHYWXVM YRXYO QIQEOWMQEPOER IJIOXMZMXEW WMWXIQ TVSHYOWM TIRHIOEXER PETERKER QIQFERKYR SVKERMWEWM ]ERK QIRERKOEP WIXMET OIVYKMER WITERNERK QEWE TEOEM WMWXIQ TVSHYOWM MQTPIQIRXEWM TPM OI WIPYVYL HITEVXIQIR PMRXEW WIOXSVEP QIPMFEXOERWIXMETMRHMZMHYQYPEMHEVMTMQTMRERLMRKKETIOIVNEPETERKER PMRXEWPIZIP QIRKEHEOEROIKMEXER“zero-loss”QIPEPYMOIPSQTSOOIGMP QSXMZEWM /EXE XSXEP QIQMPMOM EVXM WIFEKEM FIVMOYX IJIOXMZMXEW XSXEP WMWXIQ TIVE[EXER XSXEP TEVXMWMTEWM XSXEP YRXYO QIRGETEM IJIOXMZMXEW EPEX TPM FIVYTE]E QIRKLMPERKOER “enam besar kerugian” yang terdiri dari:
Downtime]ERKQIPMTYXM OIEYWEREPEX7IXYTHERTIR]IXIPER
/ILMPERKER OIGITEXER ]ERK QIPMTYXM idling HER FIVLIRXM WINIREO TIRKYVERKER OIGITEXER
'EGEX]ERKQIPMTYXM GEGEXTVSWIWHERTIRKYVERKERPYPYL
0ERKOELPERKOEL ]ERK HMXIQTYL YRXYO MQTPIQIRXEWM TPM EHEPEL WIFEKEM FIVMOYX 8ELET 4IVWMETER 8ELET -QTPIQIRXEWM %[EP 8ELET -QTPIQIRXEWM841 HER 8ELET 7XEFMPMWEWM 8ELET MRM QIVYTEOER XELET EOLMV HEPEQ MQTPIQIRXEWM 841 Total productive maintenance,]ERKHMOIQFERKOERHERHMMRXIKVEWMOERHIRKERQERENIQIR TIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERFIWIVXE6EOERHETEXQIQIRYLMTVMRWMTjust in time HEPEQ TIPE]ERER TIRHMHMOER ]ERK PIFML GITEX EOYVEX VIPIZER HER WIPEQEX /SQFMREWM TIRHIOEXERQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERMRMPEL]ERKHETEXHMOIQEWHIRKER PIFML WIHIVLERE HER QYHEL HMQIRKIVXM WIVXE VIEPMWXMO YRXYO HMXIVETOER HM 71/ /IFYXYLER TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER HETEX HMHEXE HER HMOIQFERKOER WMWXIQ QERENIQIRR]EHIRKERPIFMLWTIWMJMO /IFIVLEWMPERR]EQYHELHMYOYVFIKMXYTYPEHIRKERoutput, outcomeWIVXEimpactR]E XIVLEHET TIRMRKOEXER OYEPMXEW TIRHMHMOER HM 71/ 4IRHIOEXER WMWXIQQERENIQIR TIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERXIVWIFYXHMEXEWNYKEHETEXHMTIVFEVYMHERHMOIQFERKOER WIGEVE FIVOIPERNYXER HIRKER PIFML robust WIWYEM HIRKER FEXEWER [EOXY HER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
19
OIFIVPEOYERMTXIO]ERKXIVYWQENYFIVOIQFERK4IRMRKOEXEROIPERGEVERTIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW HM 71/ EOER PIFML FEMO HER EHETXMJ HIRKER QIPEPYM TIRKIQFERKER WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM ]ERK VIPIZER HER QIRHYOYRK7IVMRKXIVNEHMHEPEQQIQELEQM TPMTEHEQERENIVFIVTIRHETEXFEL[E ]ERKXIVPMFEXHEPEQOIKEMEXEREHEPELTEVESTIVEXSVHERXIORMWMHMXMRKOEXFE[ELWENE 4EHELEPWIFEKEMQERETEHEFEXEWERTPMQEOEWMWXIQQIQMPMOMOEVEOXIVMWXMOOLYWYW ]EMXYFIVWMJEXXSXEP QIR]IPYVYL Batasan TPM terdiri dari 5 unsur yaitu
1IQFERKYR OIVNEWEQE HM MRHYWXVM YRXYO QIQEOWMQEPOER IJIOXMZMXEW WMWXIQ TVSHYOWM
4IRHIOEXER PETERKER QIQFERKYR SVKERMWEWM ]ERK QIRERKOEP WIXMET NIRMW OIVYKMERWITERNERKQEWETEOEMWMWXIQTVSHYOWM
-QTPIQIRXEWMTPMOIWIPYVYLHITEVXIQIR PMRXEWWIOXSVEP
1IPMFEXOERWIXMETMRHMZMHYHEVMTMQTMRERLMRKKETIOIVNEPETERKER PMRXEWPIZIP
1IRKEHEOEROIKEMXER“zero-loss”QIPEPYMOIPSQTSOOIGMP QSXMZEWM
&IVHEWEVOER FEXEWER XIVWIFYX QEOE TPM FMWE HMEHETXEWMOER HIRKER QYHEL FEKM MRHYWXVM ]ERK XIPEL QIPEOWEREOER Preventive Maintenance EXEYTYR Productive Maintenance HIRKER OSRWIO[IR &EKM MRHYWXVM ]ERK QEWML TIQYPE HER FIPYQ QIRIVETOERWEPELWEXYTIVE[EXERXIVWIFYXTIRIVETERTPMQIQIVPYOER[EOXY]ERK PIFML TERNERK /IFYXYLER HER XYRXYRER OSRWYQIR WIRERXMEWE WIPEPY FIVOIQFERK OIEVEL ]ERK PIFML OSQTPIO 1IVIOE QIQFYXYLOER WYEXY WMWXIQ ]ERK QEQTY QIQIRYLMLEVETERLEVETERR]E1IVIOETIVPYWMWXIQTVSHYOWM]ERKMRXIKVEWMHIRKER WMWXIQFME]E]ERKXIPELHMOIPYEVOERR]EFMWEIJIOXMJQIQIRYLMLEVETERR]E0MRKOYT TIVLMXYRKERFME]E XSXEPTEHEMRHYWXVMWIVMRKOEPMOYVERKPIRKOET /MXEHETEXHIRKER QYHELQIPEOYOERIWXMQEWMTEHEFME]EHIWEMRTIVOIQFERKERLMRKKEMRWXEPEWMWYEXY EPEX TVSHYOWM 8ETM FME]E STIVEWM HER TIVE[EXER WIVMRKOEPM WYPMX HMIWXMQEWM OEVIRE sifatnya yang “tersembunyi”. Tidak jarang industri baru menyadari betapa besar biaya STIVEWMSRMPHERTIQILEVEERWIXIPELWIKEPEWIWYEXYR]EFIKMXYXIVPEQFEXWILMRKKE OIPERKWYRKERLMHYTMRHYWXVMWYHELXIVERGEQ 4IR]IFEF WIQYE QEWEPEL MXY WIFEKEMER FIWEV XIVHETEX TEHE FEKEMQERE GEVE QIRKEQFMP OITYXYWER XELET E[EP &EKEMQERE QIRKEQFMP OITYXYWER QIRKIREM WMWXIQ TIRKSTIVEWMER TIVE[EXER TIQMPMLER TIVEPEXER XMRKOEX TIVFEMOER HER WIFEKEMR]E 4EHE QEWE WIOEVERK MRM XERXERKER TIVWEMRKER MRXIVREWMSREP WIQEOMR
20
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
XENEQHEROVMXMWWILMRKKEHMTIVPYOERWYEXYW]WXIQ]ERKFIVWMJEXQIR]IPYVYL XSXEP HER XIVMRXIKVEWM HIRKER FEMO 7MWXIQ XIVWIFYX EOER QIPMTYXM TIVWSRMP TIVE[EXER TMVERXM HER EPEX YNM WYOY GEHERK JEWMPMXEW OLYWYW HEXE HERTIVERKOEX PYREO &ME]E ]ERK HM OIPYEVOER YRXYO WMWXIQ ]ERK XMHEO XITEX EOER FIVHEQTEO TEHE OSRXVMFYWM FME]E XMRKKM 4IRKKYREER FME]E TIVE[EXER EOER QIPMTYXM OIVYWEOER EPEX TIRKSTIVEWMER QIWMR XMHEO WXERHEVH TIVWSRMP XMHEO QIQEHEM WYOY GEHERK XMHEO XIVWIHMEXMHEOEHEEPEXYNMHERWIFEKEMR]E Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) QIVYTEOER NE[EFER ]ERK EOER QEQTY QIRKEXEWMOSRXVMFYWMFME]EXMRKKMXEHMHIRKERTVSKVEQTVSKVEQR]E]ERKXIVHMVMHEVM
/IKMEXEROIPSQTSOOIGMPYRXYOQIRERKKYPERKMTIR]IFEFOIVYKMER
4IVFEMOERQIWMRYRXYOQIRGETEMOSRHMWMSTIVEWMQEOWMQEPHERQIRKYVERKMPENY OIEYWER
/IXIVPMFEXERSTIVEXSVTVSHYOWMYRXYOQIRNEKEOSRHMWMHEWEVEPEXQIWMR
1IRMRKOEXOERWMJEXQEQTYTIPMLEVE(maintainability).
4IRMRKOEXERIJIOXMZMXEWFME]EHERIJMWMIRTIOIVNEERTIVE[EXER
4IVOIQFERKER TIVEPEXER TVSHYOWM TEHE WEEX MRM QIRKEVEL OI SXSQEWM ]ERK QIPMFEXOER FER]EO XIORSPSKM GERKKML &IFIVETE SVERK FIVTIRHETEX FEL[E QYXY WERKEX HMXIRXYOER SPIL TVSWIW REQYR HEPEQ TIVOIQFERKER WIPERNYXR]E HIRKER HMXIQYOERR]E VSFSX QEOE QYXY XIVKERXYRK TEHE EPEX %PEX EOER QIRIRXYOER FEKEMQERE TVSHYOXMZMXEW FME]E OIWIPEQEXER OIWILEXER HER OIPYEVER TVSHYOWM 1IQERK GYOYT OSQTPIO HER FIVWMJEX QIR]IPYVYL 1 6 ,SHOMI[MG^ 7MJEX OSQTPIOHERQIR]IPYVYLXMHEOGYOYTHMEXEWMHIRKEROIQEQTYERXIORMWMTIVE[EXER WENE XIXETM NYKE QIR]IPYVYL WIFEKEM WIFYEL SVKERMWEWM TPM ]ERK QIRKSVKERMWMV WIPYVYL OEV]E[ER QYPEM HEVM XMRKOEX QERENIV LMRKKE XMRKOEX TIOIVNE 8YNYER TPM EHEPELOIVYWEOERRMLMP(zero break down)HERGEGEXnihil (zero defect).3XSQEXMWEOER QIRKYVERKM FME]E MRZIRXSVM HER QIRMRKOEXOER TIRKSTIVEWMER QIWMR FMPE OIVYWEOERKERKKYER HER GEGEX HETEX HMLMPERKOER WILMRKKE QIREMOOER TVSHYOXMZMXEW
TPM HM FMHERK TVSHYOXMZMXEW QIRMRKOEXOER IJIOXMZMXEW TEHE TVSHYOXMZMXEW TIOIVNE RMPEM XEQFEL TIVWSRMP XMRKOEX TIRKSTIVEWMER TIRERKKYPERKER KERKKYER TEHE FMHERKOYEPMXEWTPMQIQFIVMTIRKYVERKERTEHEGEGEXHEPERTVSWIWGEGEXTVSHYO OIPYLERTIQEOEMTVSHYOTPMHMFMHERKTIQFME]EERQIQFIVMOERTIRKYVERKERTEHE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
21
XIREKEOIVNEFME]ETIVE[EXEROSRZIVWMIRIVKM(MFMHERKTIR]IVELER(delivery), TPM QIQFIVM TIRKYVERKER WXSO HER TIRMRKOEXER TIVTYXEVER MRZIRXSVM (MFMHERK OIWIPEQEXER TPMQIQFIVMOIGIPEOEERRMLMPTSPYWMRMLMP(MFMHERKWIQERKEX TPM QIQFIVMOERERHMPR]EFIVYTETIVXEQFELERMHI]ERKQEWYOTIREQFELERTIVXIQYER OIPSQTSOOIGMP /IKMEXERTEHEXELETE[EPQIPMTYXMTIQFIRELEROSRHMWMTIVEPEXERTVSHYOWMWIGEVE FIVXELET WIOEPMKYW QIQELEQM WMJEX MRHMZMHYEP XMETXMET EPEX 4EHE E[EP TIRIVETER TPM QIQERKHMTIVPYOERHER]ERKGYOYTFIWEVYRXYOVIWXSVEWMTIVEPEXEROIOSRHMWM HEWEV WIVXE TIPEXMLER TIVWSRMP ]ERK EOER QIRERKERM 4IVE[EXER HMEVXMOER WIFEKEM VERKOEMER OIKMEXER YRXYO QIREXE OIQFEPM HER QIQTIVFEMOM WINYQPEL EWIX HER TIVEPEXER4IVE[EXERMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRMRKOEXOEROIQEQTYERTIVEPEXEREXEY EWIX1IRYVYX8IVV];MVIQEROIKMEXERTIVE[EXERTEHEE[EPR]EQIVYTEOEREOXMZMXEW ]ERKQIQIVPYOERTIQFME]EERHMFER]EOMRHYWXVMREQYRQIRKYVERKMTIQFIPERNEER WINYQPEL YERK TEHE TIVE[EXER EOER FIVOSRXVMFYWM WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL TEHE OIYRXYRKERMRHYWXVM9ERKXMHEO HMKYREOERYRXYOTIVE[EXEREXEYHIRKEROEXEPEMR HMTMRHELTEHEKEVMWHEWEVMRHYWXVM%WYQWMXIVWIFYXWEQELEPR]EHIRKEROSRHMWMHM 71/ 4MPEV HEVM TPM EHEPEL QIQEOWMQEPOER FME]EFME]E HER OIYRXYRKEROIYRXYRKER -RHYWXVM XMHEO QIRKEGY TEHE TPM OEVIRE XMHEO QIQTYR]EM HEXE YRXYO QIQERHY OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER HER EOXMZMXEW TIRGIKELER 'SRXSL HYE YOYVER ]ERK YQYQ EHEPEL MTTR RMPEMXIRKEL [EOXY YRXYO QIQTIVFEMOM HER MTBF [EOXY VEXEVEXE ERXEVEOIKEKEPER 8IVQMRSPSKMMRMHMLMXYRKFIVXYVYXXYVYXHIRKERTIQFEKMERVITEVEWM ]ERK XSXEP [EOXY YRXYO WITSXSRK TIVEPEXER HER [EOXY PEVMER ]ERK XSXEP YRXYO WITSXSRK TIVEPEXER SPIL FER]EOR]E TIVMWXM[ETIVMWXM[E VITEVEWM -RHYWXVM HETEX QIQTIVSPIL MRJSVQEWM XIVWIFYX HEVM GEXEXERGEXEXER FIVXELER WYEXY ]ERK XIVOSQTYXIVMWEWM WMWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER (CMMS) EXEY QERENIQIR EWWIX MRHYWXVM (EAM) WMWXIQ /IFER]EOER MRHYWXVM XMHEO WIGEVE TIRYL QIRKKYREOER OIQEQTYERHEVMCMMSQIVIOE(EAM WMWXIQ HEXEQIVIOEXMHEOGYOYTXIPMXMYRXYO QIRKOEPOYPEWMMTTREXEYMTBF
TPMWERKEXWIWYEMHIRKEROSRHMWMXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOHM71/OEVIRENYQPELuser HER TIVEPEXER ]ERK WERKEX FER]EO HER XIVFEXEWR]E NYQPEL XIORMWM HER [EOXY 3TIVEXSVXIORMWM WIXMET QIWMR LEVYW QIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER VYXMR FEMO LEVMER
22
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QMRKKYER FYPERER WITIVXM TIQFIVWMLER TIRKIGIOER TIPYQEWER WEQTEM TIQERXEYER OSRHMWM QIWMR HER NYKE TIRGEXEXERinput VM[E]EX QIWMR OI server QIQERJEEXOER software ]ERK EHE &IVHEWEVOER TIRKEPEQER WXVEXIKM MRM FIVNEPER HIRKER FEMO TIVEPEXER HER YXMPMXEW PEMRR]E FIVNEPER HIRKER LERHEP TPM MRM EOER WERKEX HMHYOYRK SPIL software WILMRKKE HEXE HMKMXEP YRXYO VM[E]EX QIWMR EXEY TIVEPEXER HETEX HMOIPSPE HIRKER FEMO HER NYKE WIQYE IPIQIR SVKERMWEWM ]ERK QIQFYXYLOER HEXE TIVE[EXER HER TIVFEMOER HETEX QIRKEOWIW HIRKER GITEX HM VYERKERR]E QEWMRKQEWMRK 1IRIVETOER Computerize Maintenance Management System (CMMS) NYKEHMPEOYOER,]ERKQERE engineeringQIRNEHMcentralQERENIQIR TIVE[EXERYRMXEXEYFEKMERQIRNEHMclientOSRWYQIR%HER]ECMMSFYOERFIVEVXM OEVXYOEVXYQSRMXSVMRKHEROEVXYVM[E]EXQIWMRHETEXHMLMPERKOER Kartu-Kartu Perawatan dan Perbaikan:
/EVXYPETSVEROIVYWEOER
/EVXYPETSVERLEWMPTIVFEMOER
/EVXYMRZIRXEVMW
/EVXYTIVWIHMEERWYOYGEHERK
/EVXYTIQIVMOWEER
/EVXYTIWERERTIVE[EXERHERTIVFEMOER
/EVXYEREPMWEQEWEPELHERVIOSQIRHEWM
/EVXYMRZIRXEVMWHERtool crib
/EVXYQIWMR
&SRTIVQMRXEER /EVXYTIPYQEWER /EVXYMRWTIOWM 4IVIRGEREERTIRNEH[EPERHMWYWYRHIRKERFIVXMXMOXSPEOHEVMTIVERGERKERSTIVEWM WIOSPELWIGEVEOIWIPYVYLERWIFIPYQQIRIXETOERVIRGERELEVYWHMPEOYOEREREPMWE XIVPIFMLHELYPYYRXYOQIRIXETOERWEQTEMWINEYLQERETSWMWMOMXEFIVEHEWIOEVERK *EOXSVJEOXSV]ERKLEVYWHMTIVLEXMOERHEPEQQIQTIVXMQFERKOERYRXYOQIRIXETOER NEH[EPTIQIPMLEVEEREHEPELWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8MRKOEXOIVYQMXERTIQIPMLEVEER .EH[EPTIVOMVEER[EOXYTIQEOEMER 8MRKOEXTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKLEVYWHMPEOYOER /EVXYVM[E]EXTIVEPEXER LMWXSV]GEVH /IQEQTYERTIVWSRMPTIPEOWERETIQIPMLEVEER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
23
1IWMRQIWMR ]ERK QIQTYR]EM XMRKOEX OIVYQMXER ]ERK WEQE LEVYW HMFEKM QIVEXE WIPEQE WIXELYR YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM FIFER OIVNE ]ERK XMHEO QIVEXE HEPEQ WEXY XELYR.EH[EPTIQIPMLEVEERTIVEPEXERXIVFEKMQIRNEHMFIFIVETENIRMWERXEVEPEMR .EH[EP TIQIPMLEVEER NERKOE TIRHIO EHEPEL NEH[EP TIQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER LEVMER]ERKFIVYTETIPYQEWERTEHE[EOXYTIVEPEXEREOERHMTEOEMEXEYWIXIPEL HMKYREOER 4IQIPMLEVEER MRM HETEX HMPEOYOER SPIL WMW[E HIRKER QIFKIXELYM TIXYRNYOTIXYRNYOTIQIPMLEVEERXIVPIFMLHELYPY .EH[EP TIQIPMLEVEER NERKOE WIHERK EHEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER FYPERER ]ERK HMWYWYR HEVM NEH[EP TIQIPMLEVEER XELYRER ]ERK HEPEQ TIR]YWYRERR]E LEVYW HMWIWYEMOER HIRKER NEH[EP TIQEOEMER TEHE FYPER ]ERK FIVWERKOYXER WILMRKKEXMHEOXIVNEHMFIRXVSOER .EH[EP TIQIPMLEVEER NERKOE TERNERK EHEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK QIRGEOYT TIQIPMLEVEERXSXEPEXEYWIVMRKHMOIREPHIRKER3ZIVLEYP 4IQIPMLEVEERNERKOERTERNERKMRMQIQIVPYOERTIVWMETER]ERKQEXERKHEPEQWEXY XELYROIHITERHIRKERQIPMLEXVM[E]EXQIWMRTEHEXMETFYPERR]E,EP]ERKTIVPY HMTIVLEXMOEREHEPEL[EOXYTIPEOWEREERSZIVLEYPXIVWIFYXOEVIREXIRXYR]ETIVEPEXER XMHEO HETEX HMKYREOER WEQE WIOEPM TEHE WEEX MXY WILMRKKE HMTIVPYOER OIGITEXER OIXITEXERHEPEQTIPEOWEREER3ZIVLEYP 7EPELWEXYYRWYVTIRXMRK]ERKWIVMRKOEPMHMEFEMOERSPILWYEXYPIQFEKETIRHMHMOER EHEPEL XMHEO QIPEOYOER QERENIQIR TIQIPMLEVEER HIRKER FEMO HER FIREV 1ERENIQIR 4IQIPMLEVEER YQYQR]E HMTERHERK WIFEKEM JEOXSV TIQFSVSWER WIWYEXY ]ERK WYPMX YRXYO HMWGLIHYPIOER HER HMOEPOYPEWMOER FME]ER]E /IKMEXER 4IQIPMLEVEERQIVYTEOERLEP]ERKTEPMRKWIVMRKHMTIVQEWEPELOEROEVIREHMTERHERK WIFEKEM TMLEO TIQFSVSWER /EXE TIQIPMLEVEER MXY WIRHMVM XMHEO XIVFEXEW LER]E TEHEXMRHEOERQIVE[EXQIWMREXEYTIVEPEXERTEFVMOHIRKERQIQTIVFELEVYMYQYV QEWETEOEMHEROIKEKEPEROIVYWEOERQIWMRTEHETIVYWELEERQERYJEOXYVREQYR juga “all activities involved in keeping a system’s equipment in working order” WIKEPEEOXMZMXEW]ERKHMHEPEQR]EEHEPELQIRNEKEWIFYELWMWXIQTIVEPEXEREKEV TIOIVNEER HETEX WIWYEM HIRKER TIWERER -RXM HEVM OIKMEXER TIQIPMLEVEER EHEPEL YRXYOQIVE[EXEXEYTYRQIQTIVFEMOMTIVEPEXEREKEVHETEXQIPEOWEREOEREOXMZMXEW HIRKERIJIOXMJHERIJMWMIRWIWYEMHIRKER]ERKXIPELHMVIRGEREOEREXEY]ERKXIPEL HMXIRXYOERSPILPIQFEKEHIRKERLEWMPFEVERKNEWE]ERKFIVOYEPMXEW &IFIVETE *EOXSV ]ERK LEVYW HMTIVXMQFERKOER HEPEQ QIVIRGEREOER QERENIQIR TIQIPMLEVEERERXEVEPEMR
24
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
7MXYEWM+ISKVEJMW]ERKQIQMPMOMFIRKOIPWIRHMVM]ERKXIVWIRXVEPMWEWMEOERPIFML QYHELHMTIPMLEVEREQYRFMPEQIQMPMOMFIFIVETEFERKYRER]ERKXIVTIRGEVQEOE LEVYW QIQMPMOM OIPSQTSO QEMRXIRERGI ]ERK XIVHIWIRXVEPMWEWM HIRKER QIQFIRXYOSVKERMWEWMTEVEVIP
.IRMW4IVEPEXER )UYMTQIRX ETEFMPEXIVHETEXFER]EOQIWMR]ERKWINIRMWQEOE QIPEOYOERQEMRXIRERGIWIGEVEWIRXVEPMWEWMHERWIFEPMOR]E
/SRXMRYMXEW STIVEWM 3TIVEXMSREP 'SRXMRYMX] WIWYEM HIRKER FER]EOR]E TIRKKYREERTIVEPEXER
9OYVER FERKYRER ]ERK FIWEV PIFML FER]EO QIQIVPYOER XIREKE QEMRXIRERGI HEVMTEHE]ERKOIGMPWILMRKKELEPMRMQIRIRXYOERTIRKE[EWERHERTIVXERKKYRK NE[EFER]ERKFIVFIHEFIHE
8IREKE /IVNE JEWMPMXEW XVEMRMRK HER OILERHEPERR]E HMXIRXYOER PSOEWM EXEW OIXIVWIHMEER XIREKE OIVNE ]ERK ERHEP FMPE WIQEOMR WYPMX QEOE TIRKE[EW HER JEWMPMXEWXVEMRMRK]ERKFEMOLEVYWPIFMLQYHELHMHETEX
6YERK0MRKOYTFEKM1EMRXIRERGIFMPEWYEXYFEKMERQEMRXIRERGI]ERKHMWIVELM XERKKYRKNE[EFLER]EYRXYOQIQIPMLEVEQIWMRWENEQEOEFIFERSVKERMWEWMR]E XMHEO WIFIVEX WYEXY FEKMER QEMRXIRERGI ]ERK XERKKYRK NE[EFR]E QIPMTYXM FMHERKOIVNEPEMR
.IRMW FIRKOIP QIQTYR]EM OITIRXMRKER ]ERK FIVFIHE EXEW TIPE]ERER QEMRXIRERGI]ERKFEMO
Gambar 6. Sistematika Pemeliharaan
4IQIPMLEVEER (Maintenance TEHE KEQFEV FEKER HMEXEW 4EYP MEPEL WYEXY OIKMEXER ]ERK HMPEOYOER WIGEVE WIRKENE WEHEV XIVLEHET WYEXY JEWMPMXEW HIRKER QIRKERYX WYEXY WMWXIQEXMOE XIVXIRXY HIRKER XYNYER EKEV JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX HETEX FIVJYRKWM FIVSTIVEWM HIRKER PERGEV EQER IJIOXMJ HER IJMWMIR /IKMEXER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
25
TIQIPMLEVEERMXYFYOERPELTIOIVNEER]ERKEPEOEHEVR]EFYOERTIOIVNEER]ERKEWEP EWEPER XIXETM TIOIVNEER ]ERK TIVPY TIVIRGEREER TIQFME]EER HER OIWYRKKYLER 4IQIPMLEVEER 4IRGIKELER (Preventive Maintenance) MEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK HMPEOYOER EKEV JEWMPMXEWQIWMRTIVEPEXER XIVLMRHEV HEVM PENY OIVYWEOER ]ERK GITEX XMHEO[ENEV 4IVFEMOER (Corective Maintenance) MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKHMPEOYOER ETEFMPE XIVNEHM OIVYWEOER YRXYO QIRKIQFEPMOER QIWMRTIVEPEXER TEHE OSRHMWM WIQYPE 4IQIPMLEVEER(EVYVEX (Emergency Maintenance) MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKHMPEOYOER HMPYEVTVSKVEQTIQIPMLEVEEROIVIREXIVNEHMWIWYEXY]ERKemergency OIGIPEOEER &MEWER]E TIQIPMLEVEER HEVYVEX MXY EHEPEL TIVFEMOERTIFEMOER OIVIRE OIGIPEOEER ]ERK EOER QIRKEOMFEXOER OIVYWEOEROIVYWEOER HER FMEWE HMWIFYX TIVFEMOER HEVYVEX 4VE 4IQIPMLEVEER (Pre-maintenance) MEPEL TIVWMETER TIQIPMLEVEER EKEV HEPEQ TIPEOWEREER TIQIPMLEVEER RERXMR]E PIFML PERGEV HER QIQIRYLM WEWEVER /IKMEXER TVE TIQIPMLEVEER MRM ERXEVE PEMR WITIVXM TIR]YWYRER TVSKVEQ TIQIPMLEVEER TIR]IHMEER TIVEPEXER HER FELER TIQIPMLEVEER WIWYEM HIRKER JEWMPMXEWSF]IOTIQIPMLEVEERTIR]METERPSOEWMWITIVXMJSRHEWMPERXEMHERXEXEPIXEO PE]SYX ]ERKQIQEHEMTIR]METERWEVERETIRYRNERKWITIVXM PMWXVMOEMVHERYHEVE OIQTE TIVWMETER XIREKE TIPEOWERE TIQIPMLEVEER SVKERMWEWM HER EHQMRMWXVEWM TIQIPMLEVEER4IQIPMLEVEER,EVMER(Routine Maintenance) MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER]ERK HMPEOYOERWIXMETLEVMEXEYWIXMETQIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEWHMSTIVEWMOER Kegiatan yang dilakukan seperti : 4IRGIKELERFIFERPIFML 4IRGIKELEROSVSWM 4IPYQEWERFEKM]ERKQIQIVPYOER /IWIPEQEXERHEROIEQERERJEWMPMXEW /IFIVWMLERHEROIXIVXMFER /IKMEXER TIQIPMLEVEER LEVMER MRM FMEWER]E HMPEOYOER SPIL WMW[E 4IQIPMLEVEER &IVOEPE (Periodic Maintenance) MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKHMPEOYOERWIGEVEFIVOEPE WIWYEMHIRKERNEH[EP]ERKXIPELHMTVSKVEQOER4IQFYEXERNEH[EPMXYFIVHEWEVOER OITIRXMRKER TIVPEOYER XIVLEHET SF]IO TIQIPMLEVEER QMWEPR]E OITIVPYER TIRKKERXMERSPMWILEVYWR]EFIVETENEQOIVNETIR]IXIPERYPERKFEKMERFEKMER]ERK FIVKIVEOWIXMETFIVETEFYPERHERWIFEKEMR]E4IQIPMLEVEERFIVOEPEHMOIREPEHER]E TIQIPMLEVEER weekly monthly HER yearly Weekly maintenance 4IQIPMLEVEER
26
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QMRKKYER MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKHMPEOWEREOERWIQMRKKYWIOEPMEXEYHYEQMRKKY WIOEPMEXEYXMKEQMRKKYWIOEPMMonthly maintenance 4IQIPMLEVEERFYPERER MEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER]ERKHMPEOYOEWEXYFYPERWIOEPMEXEYXMKEFYPERWIOEPM XMKEFYPERER EXEY WIXMET IRIQ FYPER WIOEPM WIQIWXIVER Yearly maintenance 4IQIPMLEVEER XELYRER MEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK HMPEOYOER WIXMET XELYR WIOEPM EXEY HYE XELYR WIOEPM
Gambar 7. Ilustrasi Perawatan Alat
4IQIPMLEVEER FIVOEPE MRM FMEWER]E HMPEOWEREOER SPIL XIORMWM TIQIPMLEVEER 4IVFEMOER VMRKER (Light repairing) MEPEL TIVFEMOERTIVFEMOER HEVM OIVYWEOER VMRKER XIVQEWYO ]ERK HMXIQYOER TEHE [EOXY TIRKIGIOER TIQIPMLEVEER FIVOEPE ]ERK TIVFEMOERR]E GYOYT HIRKER TIRKKERXMER OSQTSRIR VITPEGIQIRX HER XMHEO QIQIVPYOER [EOXY HER FME]E XMRKKM 4IVFEMOER QIHMYQ (Medium repairing) MEPEL TIVFEMOERTIVFEMOER HEVM OIVYWEOER EOMFEX EYW EXEY EOMFEX OIGIPEOEER ]ERK TIVFEMOERR]E QIQIVPYOER TIQFIXYPER OSQTSRIR HIRKER FME]E ]ERK PIFML XMRKKM HER[EOXYOIVNE]ERKPIFMLPEQEServis besar (Overhaul) MEPELTIVFEMOERXSXEPEOMFEX OIEYWER PEQETIQEOEMER HIRKERTIQFIXYPERTIQFIXYPERQEYTYRTIRKKERXMER OSQTSRIR4IVFEMOEREXEYSZIVLEYPMRMFMEWEHMPEOYOERSPILXIORMWMHEREXEYXIORMWM ELPMWIHERKOERYRXYOQIRGETEMLEWMP]ERKSTXMQEPTIVPYOMVER]EQIRKERYXWYEXY WMWXIQEXMOE TIVFEMOER ]ERK ]ERK XIPEL HMXIRXYOER 4IVFEMOER HEVYVEX (Emergency repairing MEPEL TIVFEMOER HEVM OIVYWEOER EOMFEX OIGIPEOEER ]ERK TIVFEMOERR]E FIVWMJEX WIQIRXEVE YRXYO QIRYRKKY TIVFEMOER ]ERK WIQTYVRE EXEY PERKWYRK HMTIVFEMOMWIGEVEWIQTYVRE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
27
7MWXIQTIQIPMLEVEERQIQMPMOMMWXMPELMWXMPEL]ERKWIVMRKHMKYREOERWITIVXMRunning maintenance MEPEL TIQIPMLEVEER WYEXY QIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEW HEPEQ OIEHEER FIOIVNEEXEYHMSTIVEWMOERHMKYREOERShut down maintenance MEPELTIQIPMLEVEER WYEXYQIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEW]ERKQEREQIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEWXIVWIFYXLEVYW HMFIVLIRXMOERXMHEO HMTIVKYREOER OEVIRE XMHEO QYRKOMR HMPEOYOER TIQIPMLEVEER FMPE QIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEW HEPEQ OIEHEER FIOIVNEHMTIVKYREOER Lack of maintenance MEPEL OIOYVERKER EXEY OIPIQELER HEPEQ TIQIPMLEVEER EXEY HMWIFYX NYKE TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK XMHEO FEMO Predictive maintenance EXEY TIQIPMLEVEER TVEOMVEERMEPELOIKMEXERTIQIPMLEVEER]ERKQIQTIVOMVEOERYQYVEXEYQEWETEOEM IJIOXMJ HER IJMWMIR WYEXY OSQTSRIR WILMRKKE SVERK HETEX QIQTIVOMVEOER OETER OSQTSRIRXIVWIFYXLEVYWQIRHETEXTIVPEOYERTIQIPMLEVEER %HE FIFIVETE NIRMW TIRKYNMER ]ERK LEVYW HMPEOYOER XIVLEHET LEWMP TIVFEMOER MRM ]EMXY Uji tampak QEOWYHR]E MEPEL QIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEW ]ERK XIPEL WIPIWEM HMTIVFEMOM TIVPY HMPMLEX WIGEVE ZMWYEP ETEOEL WYHEL XEQTEO VETM XIVXMF HER WIQTYVREVEOMXERR]E Uji geometrikMEPELTIRKYNMEROSQTSRIRQIOERMOWITIVXMOIVEXEERTIVQYOEER OIWIRXVMWERTYXEVEROIWMOYEROIHEXEVERHERWIFEKEMR]E9NMKISQIXVMOMRMTIVPY HMPEOYOERYRXYOQI]EOMROEROIWIQTYVREERTIVEOMXEROEVIREETEFMPEOSQTSRIR QIOERMO
XMHEO
HMTEWERK
HIRKER
WIQTYVRE
QEOE
NEPERR]E
QIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEWEOERXMHEORSVQEP]ERKQIRKEOMFEXOERPENYOIVYWEOER QIWMRWIQEOMRGITEX Uji fungsi MEPEL QIRKYNM WIQYE FEKMER ]ERK FIVKIVEO ETEOEL FEKMERFEKMER XIVWIFYX XIPEL FIVJYRKWM WIFEKEMQERE QIWXMR]E 'EVER]E MEPEL WIQYE FEKMER ]ERKFIVKIVEOHMNEPEROERXERTEFIFERHERHMEQEXMWEXYTIVWEXY Uji jalan atau uji cobaMEPELTIRKYNMERXIVLEHETQIWMRTIVEPEXERJEWMPMXEWWIXIPEL WIPIWEMHMTIVFEMOM]EMXYHIRKERGEVEQIRNEPEROERQIWMRLMRKKEFIFERTIRYL E.
Pengembangan Sistem Laboratorium dan Bengkel Berbasis Komputer %HER]E MRJSVQEWM QIRKIREM EOXMZMXEW FIPENEV QIRKENEV ]ERK FIVPERKWYRK HEPEQ WIOSPELEHEPELWYEXYOIFYXYLERHEPEQIVETIVWEMRKERKPSFEPTEHEWEEXMRM8ERTE EHER]E MRJSVQEWM ]ERK EOYVEX QIRKIREM EOXMZMXEW FIPENEV 71/ EOER WYPMX QIRKSTXMQEPOER TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER HER QIPEOYOER TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER
28
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
WIGEVE GITEX 71/ TEHE YQYQR]E QIQMPMOM FER]EO TIVEPEXER HER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK QIRKKIVEOOER EOXMZMXEWR]E 4IVEPEXER HER JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX QIVYTEOER JEWMPMXEW TIRXMRK]ERKQIRHYOYRKOIKMEXERSTIVEWMSREP71/*EWMPMXEWXIVWIFYXQIQIVPYOER TIVE[EXER WIGEVE JMWMO WILMRKKE HETEX FIVSTIVEWM WIGEVE STXMQEP WIWYEM HIRKER JYRKWMR]EWIFEKEMEPEXTVSHYOWM]ERKQIRKLEWMPOEROIYRXYRKER /YVERK STXMQEPR]E OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW WIGEVE IJIOXMJ HETEX QIRMQFYPOER OIKMEXERSTIVEWMSREP71/XIVLEQFEXHIRKERXIVNEHMR]Edown-time]ERKHMEOMFEXOER SPIL JEWMPMXEW EXEYTYR JEWMPMXEW ]ERK QIRKEPEQM OIVYWEOER 9RXYO QIRKLMRHEVM XIVNEHMR]E down-time/QEWEPEL HIRKER EPEX HER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK XMHEOXIVE[EX HIRKER FEMOHMTIVPYOEREHER]ETVSWIHYVPERKOELTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEW]ERKWMWXIQEXMW9RXYO QIPEOYOER LEP XIVWIFYX HMTIVPYOER EHER]E WMWXIQ HER MRJSVQEWM QIRKIREM HIXEMP JEWMPMXEWXIVWIFYXHERGEVETIVE[EXERR]E7EPELWEXYPERKOELHEVMTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEW HETEXHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIRKKYREOERTIVE[EXERTVIZIRXMJ9RXYOHETEXQIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER WIGEVE TVIZIRXMJ HMTIVPYOER EHER]E MRJSVQEWM EOYVEX QIRKIREM JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYXHERTVSWIHYVTIVE[EXERR]E 1ERJVIH,MRYQ /ILEHMVER XIORSPSKM OSQTYXIV HIRKER OIOYEXER TVSWIWR]E XIPEL QIQYRKOMROER TIRKIQFERKER WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM QERENIQIR FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV 4IRKKYREER XIORSPSKM
OSQTYXIV
HMHETEX
QERJEEX
FIVYTE
OIQYHELER
QIR]MQTER
QIRKSVKERMWEWM HER QIPEOYOER TIRKEQFMPER (retrieval)XIVLEHET FIVFEKEM HEXE (M MRHYWXVM HM HYOYRK HIRKER TIVERKOEX PYREO HER OSRJMKYVEWM TIVERKOEX OIVEW ]ERK XITEXHETEXQIQFERKYRWMWXIQMRJSVQEWMQERENIQIR]ERKLERHEPHERFIVTIRKEVYL WIGEVE WMKRMJMOER XIVLEHET OMRIVNE MRHYWXVM WIGEVE OIWIPYVYLER 4IVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW WIGEVE TVIZIRXMJ HETEX HMPEOYOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV ]ERK QIRKSPEL HEXEHEXE JEWMPMXEW HER HEXE TIVE[EXERR]E HEPEQ WEXY FEWMW HEXE ]ERK QIR]MQTER HEXE JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX %HER]E WMWXIQ FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV XIVWIFYX MRJSVQEWM JEWMPMXEW TIVE[EXER FME]E WIVXE HEXE HIXEMP JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX HETEX XIVWMQTER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HMPEOYOER PIFML XIVNEH[EP WIWYEM HIRKERHEXETIVE[EXER]ERKXIPELHMQEWYOOEROIHEPEQFEWMWHEXE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
29
Gambar 8. Ilustrasi Sistem Informasi yang Tertata
1IXSHI]ERKHMKYREOERHEPEQTIVERGERKERWMWXIQMRMHMPEOYOERQIPEPYMTIRHIOEXER WMWXIQ HIRKER XELETER TVEEREPMWMW EREPMWMW WMWXIQ TIVERGERKER WMWXIQ HIWEMR WMWXIQ HER MQTPIQIRXEWM WMWXIQ (EXE HER MRJSVQEWM HMOYQTYPOER QIPEPYM [E[ERGEVE HIRKER OYMWMSRIV XMHEO XIVWXVYOXYV HER SFWIVZEWM XIVLEHET OSQTSRIR WMWXIQMRJSVQEWM]EMXY HSOYQIRXIREKETVSWIHYVTIVERKOEXOIVEWHERTIVERKOEX PYREO,EWMPTVEEREPMWMWQIRYRNYOEREHER]EQEWEPELTEHEWIXMETOSQTSRIRWMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM ]ERK PEQE ]EMXY input TVSWIW HER output HMQERE WIXMETXELETXIVWIFYX TIRKIVNEER]EQEWMLHMPEOYOERWIGEVEQERYEP/IWEPELERMXYWIVMRKOEPMXIVNEHMHEPEQ TIQEWYOER HER TIRKSPELER HEXE WILMRKKE SYXTYX ]ERK HMLEWMPOER QIRNEHM XMHEO EOYVEX HER XITEX -RJSVQEWM PEMR ]ERK HMHETEX HEVM TVE EREPMWMW MRM EHEPEL WMWXIQ TIR]MQTERER HEXE QEWML HMPEOYOER WIGEVE XIVTMWEL WILMRKKE HEXE WYWEL HMEOWIW WIVXEOIGITEXERTIRKSPELERHEXEHERTIRGEVMERHEXEQIQIVPYOER[EOXY]ERKGYOYT PEQE %REPMWMW OIFYXYLER HER OIPE]EOER TIVERGERKER WMWXIQ QIRYRNYOER EHER]E OIFYXYLER TIQEOEM OIFYXYLER WMWXIQ MXY WIRHMVM OIPE]EOER XIORMO HER OIPE]EOER STIVEWM 4IVERGERKER WMWXIQ QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIRKIQFERKER FIVYTE HEXE flow HMEKVEQ FEKER EPMV WMWXIQ entity relationship HMEKVEQ OEQYW HEXE VERGERKER input HER VERGERKER SYXTYX 7MWXIQ MRJSVQEWM HMLEVETOER QIQMPMOM FIFIVETE OIYRKKYPER 4IVXEQE HEPEQ LEP input TVSWIW QEYTYR output ]ERK HMLEWMPOER /IHYE WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM ]ERK HMVERGERK FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRMRKOEXOER IJMWMIRWM HER IJIOXMJMXEW
30
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
OIVNEMRWXMXYWM/IXMKEWMWXIQMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMVERGERKMRMFIVFEWMWOSQTYXIVHIRKER WMWXIQ]ERKSXSQEXMWEWMWILMRKKEHEXEHETEXXIVMRXIKVEWM/IIQTEXTVSXSXMTI]ERK HMFYEX HETEX QIRKLEWMPOER MRJSVQEWM ]ERK PIFML GITEX XITEX EOYVEX HER QYHEL 4VSXSXMTIMRMEOERHMOIQFERKOERHM71/TMPMLER]ERKEOERHMXIRXYOEROIQYHMER 7MWXIQ]ERKHMFERKYRHMFIVMREQE7MWXIQ-RJSVQEWM1ERENIQIRHER1EMRXIRERGI *EWMPMXEW ]ERK WIPERNYXR]E HMWIFYX 7-1%* %TPMOEWM MRM FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HMKYREOER YRXYO QIQFYEX NEH[EPschedule TIVE[EXER QIRKEXYV EOXMZMXEW TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW QSRMXSVMRK HEXE HER QIRKSPEL MRJSVQEWM JEWMPMXEWFIVHEWEVOERMRTYXHEXEWEQTEMQIRKLEWMPOERVITSVX]ERKHETEXHMKYREOER WIFEKEM EREPMWE HEXE JEWMPMXEW 7-1%* HMLEVETOER HETEX QIQMPMOM OIQEQTYER WIFEKEM FIVMOYX HEXE HER HEXE HIXEMP JEWMPMXEW HETEX XIVWMQTER HIRKER FEMO QIQTVSHYOWM NEH[EP TIOIVNEER TIVE[EXER FIVOEPE QIR]MQTER HER QIRIVFMXOER VITSVXPETSVER FIVOEPE HER QIREQTMPOER HEXE KVEJMO YRXYO OIQYHELER EREPMWMW TIRKKERXMER TIQMRHELER TIVFEMOER EPEX HETEX HMQSRMXSV WIGEVE NIPEW QIQSRMXSV FME]ETIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWHERTIVEPEXER QIRKEREPMWMWHEXEHERFME]EYRXYOOITIVPYER TIVE[EXERHMQEWEHITER QIQSRMXSVOMRIVNEEPEXHERTIVEPEXER7-1%*XIVHMVMHEVM QSHYPQSHYP]ERKWEPMRKFIVOEMXER1SHYPQSHYP7-1%*XIVHMVMHEVM 1.
Modul Fasilitas Inventory/Equipment Register 1IVYTEOER QSHYP ETPMOEWM ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIR]MQTER record HEXE JEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER HER HEXE XIVWIFYX HETEX HMSPEL OIQYHMER YRXYO OIKMEXER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEW7IXMETrecordHEXEXIVWIFYXHETEXFIVMWMOERHEXE]ERKTEPMRK KPSFEP EXEYTYR HEXE HIXEMP HEVM WIXMET JEWMPMXEW ]ERK EOER HMWMQTER *EWMPMXEW Inventory/Equipment Register XIVHMVM HEVM 7YF 1SHYP ]EMXY XVERWEOWM QEWXIV HEXEJEWMPMXEW]ERKFIVMWMOEXIKSVMJEWMPMXEWgroupingJEWMPMXEWQEWXIVHEXEPSOEWM JEWMPMXEWTIPEFIPERHEXEJEWMPMXEWHERQEWXIVYRMXHMZMWMHEXEQEWXIVYRMXHMZMWM XVERWJIV JEWMPMXEW FIVMWM XVERWJIV JEWMPMXEW VIPSOEWM JEWMPMXEW OI YRMXHMZMWM PEMR HMWTSWEP JEWMPMXEW FIVMWM TIRNYEPER *EWMPMXEW *EWMPMXEW ]ERK HMNYEPHM LETYWOER /SRXVEO FIVMWM HEXE QEWXIV OSRXVEO HEXE QEWXIV ZIRHSV HEXE OSRXVEO QEMRXIRERGIreportQEWXIVOSRXVEOTIPETSVERHEXEmaintenanceOSRXVEO report JEWMPMXEW TIPETSVER HEXE JEWMPMXEW FIVMWM report XVERWJIV JEWMPMXEW TIPETSVER XVERWJIV JEWMPMXEW report HEXE HMWTSWEP TIPETSVER HEXE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HMLETYWOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
31
8VERWEOWMMRMQIVYTEOERWYFQSHYP]ERKFIVMWMOERXVERWEOWMHEXEJEWMPMXEWHER TIRKSPELERHEXEJEWMPMXEW]ERKFIVIPEWMHIRKERHEXEHEXEPEMR]ERKHMFYXYLOER WITIVXM HEXE OEXIKSVM JEWMPMXEW KVSYT JEWMPMXEW PSOEWM JEWMPMXEW PEFIP JEWMPMXEW HMZMWMYRMX OIVNE 7IXMET HEXE JEWMPMXEW HMWMQTER HEPEQ QEWXIV JEWMPMXEW TIREQFELER OEXIKSVM YRXYO HEXE JEWMPMXEW HMPEOYOER TEHE WYFQSHYP JEWMPMXEW GEXIKSV](EXEgroupingJEWMPMXEWHMSPELTEHEWYFQIRYJEWMPMXEWgroup*EWMPMXEW ]ERKFIVYTEJEWMPMXEWMRJVEWXVYOXYVWITIVXMKYHERKKIHYRKHERPEMRPEMRQIQMPMOM EXVMFYX HEXE PSOEWM HETEX HMWMQTER HER HMSPEL TEHE WYFQIRY PSOEWM *EWMPMXEW HIRKER OEXIKSVM HEXE ]ERK HETEX HMFIVMOER TIRKOSHIER HER GIRHIVYRK HETEX HMFIVMOER MHIRXMJMOEWM HMFIVMOER PEFIP WYF QIRY JEWMPMXEW PEFIPMRK 7YFQIRY QEWXIV YRMXHMZMWM QIVYTEOER QEWXIV HEXE YRXYO HMZMWM EXEY HITEVXIQIR ]ERK QIRKKYREOER JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX 8VERWJIV JEWMPMXEWQIVYTEOER WYFQSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIPEOYOER TIVYFELER HEXE JEWMPMXEW HMQERE JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX HMTMRHELOERHMVIPSOEWMOEROIPSOEWMHMZMWMYRMXPEMR 1ERJVIH,MRYQ (MWTSWEP JEWMPMXEW QIVYTEOER WYFQSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIPEOYOER TIVYFELER HEXE JEWMPMXEW HMQERE JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX HMLETYWOER HEVM EOYRXEWM OIYERKER MRHYWXVM HIRKER GEVE HMNYEP EXEY HMPIPERK /SRXVEO QIVYTEOER WYFQSHYP]ERKFIVJYRKWMYRXYOQIRKSPELHEXEOSRXVEOFIWIVXEHEXEEXVMFYXR]E WITIVXM HEXE ZIRHSV HEXE maintenance OSRXVEO Report QIVYTEOER WYFQSHYP ]ERKFIVJYRKWMYRXYOQIRKSPELHEXEHEXEoutputHEPEQFIRXYOTIPETSVER]ERK QIPMFEXOER HEXEHEXE OSRXVEO TIVE[EXER OSRXVEO HER XVERWEOWM HEXE ERXEVE OSRXVEOJEWMPMXEWHERZIRHSV]ERKQIPEOYOERTIVE[EXER 2.
Modul Consumable Goods Modul Consumable Goods QIVYTEOERQSHYPETPMOEWM]ERKQIRKSPELHEXEHEXE stock, spare parts, FEVERKFEVERK LEFMW TEOEM HER HEXE TIVQMRXEER TIVFEMOER ]ERKHMPEOYOERSPILuser(EXEHEXEXIVWIFYXHMWMQTEROIHEPEQHEXEFEWIWIXMET spare parts ]ERK HMFYXYLOER YRXYO TIVE[EXER EPEX EOER HMFEKM HEPEQ OEXIKSVM ]ERKWIWYEMHIRKERJYRKWMspare partsXIVWIFYX1SHYPConsumable GoodsXIVHMVM HEVMWYFQSHYP]EMXY Consumable GoodQIPMTYXM Master Stock HEXEmaster stock Spare parts FIVHEWEVOER OEXIKSVM group JEWMPMXEW group HER OEXIKSVM JEWMPMXEWWIWYEMHIRKERspareparts]ERKHMKYREOER Quotation by category]EMXY TIVQMRXEERFEVERKLEFMWTEOEM XMRXEOIVXEWHWF HERTIPETSVERHEXEWXSO]EMXY TIPETSVERTIVQMRXEERstock
32
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
0IFMLPERNYXconsumable goodHETEXHMFIVMOERTIRNIPEWERWIFEKEMFIVMOYX E
Sub Modul Stock TEHE QSHYP MRM XIVHETEX HEXE HIXEMP stock FIWIVXE OIFYXYLERR]EYRXYOOITIVPYERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWOEXIKSVMHERgroupHEVM stock/ sparepartsHMWIWYEMOERHIRKERJEWMPMXEWR]E
F
Sub Modul Quotation TEHE QSHYP MRM FIVMWMOER TIVQMRXEER OIFYXYLER FEVERK ]ERK FIVYTE spareparts/stock ]ERK HMTIVPYOER YRXYO OIFYXYLER TIVE[EXEREPEX
G
Report, QIVYTEOER QSHYP TIPETSVER ]ERK QIREQTMPOER HEXEHEXE ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER TVSWIW QERENIQIR stock/spare parts FIWIVXE HEXE TIQEOEMERFEVERKXIVWIFYX
3.
Modul Fasilitas Maintenance 1SHYP*EWMPMXEW MaintenanceQSHYPOIXMKEQIVYTEOERQSHYP]ERKQIPEOYOER TVSWIW TIRXMRK HEVM TIVE[EXERmaintenance JEWMPMXEW 4VSWIW TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWHMPEOYOER WIWYEMHIRKEROEXIKSVMHERTVSWIHYVTIVE[EXER YRXYO QEWMRKQEWMRK JEWMPMXEW 4IVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HETEX HMPEOYOER WIWYEM HIRKER KEVERWM TIVE[EXER OSRXVEO TIVE[EXER EXEYTYR WIGEVE QERYEP 9RXYO QIRNEKE EKEV TIVJSVQE JEWMPMXEW HETEX STXMQEP HMTIVPYOER TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXER ]ERK XITEX WILMRKKE JEWMPMXEW HETEX XIVE[EX HIRKER FEMO 1ERJVIH ,MRYQ (EXE TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXER TEHE QSHYP MRM HETEX HMPEOYOER HIRKER QIQEWYOOERHEXEHEXETIVE[EXERHMWIWYEMOERHIRKERHEXEJEWMPMXEW TIVEPEXER ]ERK EOER HMVE[EX 7IXIPEL QIPEOYOER TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXER HIRKER QIQEWYOOER HEXEHEXE ]ERK HMTIVPYOER HETEX HMPEOYOER TIQFYEXER NEH[EP TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW 1SHYP TIQFYEXER NEH[EP TIVIRGEREER HETEX HMFYEX TEHE QSHYPSchedulling,HEXEHEXEJEWMPMXEWFIVOEMXERHIRKERTIVIRGEREERTIVE[EXER HMVIEPMWEWMOERTEHETIVE[EXERVIEPWIWYEMHIRKERHEXEHEXENEH[EPTIVE[EXER ]ERKHMWMQTEROIHEPEQHEXEFEWI.EH[EPTIVE[EXERHMFYEXFIVHEWEVOERHEXE OSRXVEO TIVE[EXEREXEYTYRHIRKERTIVE[EXER]ERKXIPELHMWIWYEMOERHIRKER OEXIKSVMJEWMPMXEWXIVWIFYX 1SHYPQSHYP ]ERK XIVHETEX TEHE JEWMPMXEW maintenance QIPMTYXM preventive maintenance ]ERK FIVMWM planning, scheduling, work order HER early warning; monitoring maintenance]ERKFIVMWMQSRMXSVMRKJEWMPMXEWmaintenance, monitoring
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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cost QSRMXSVMRK jurnal maintenance. 1SHYPQSHYP HER WYFWYF QSHYP HM EXEW HETEXHMNIPEWOERWIFEKEMFIVMOYX E
7YF 1SHYP Planning, QIVYTEOER WYF QSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIVIRGEREOERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWHEXEJEWMPMXEWFIVEWEPHEVMQEWXIVHEXE JEWMPMXEW 8IVHETEX HEXE QEWXIV TPERRMRK HEXEHEXE VIRGERE TIVE[EXER HMWMQTEROIHEPEQHEXEQEWXIVplanning
F
7YF 1SHYP Scheduling, QIVYTEOER WYF QSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIQTVSWIW NEH[EP TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER WIWYEM HIRKER OSRHMWM TIVE[EXERQIPEPYMOSRXVEOTIVE[EXEREXEYKEVERWM8IVHETEXHEXEQEWXIV 7GLIHYPMRK YRXYO TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX (EXE XIVWIFYX HMWMQTER HEPEQHEXEFEWIMaster Scheduling.
G
7YF QSHYP Work Order QIVYTEOER WYF QSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIPEOYOERTVSWIWTIQFYEXERwork orderHEXEJEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER]ERKEOER HM VE[EX SPIL ZIRHSV ]ERK EOER QIVE[EXR]E WEPMRK FIVOEMXER 7IFIPYQ QIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER HMFIVMOER TIVMRXEL OIVNE OITEHE ZIRHSV ]ERK EOER QIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER XIVWIFYX 8IVHETEX HEXE QEWXIV Work OrderHERHEXEQEWXIVZIRHSV]ERKFIVEWEPHEVMHEXEQEWXIVOSRXVEO
H
7YF 1SHYP Early Warning, QIVYTEOER WYF QSHYP ]ERK FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIPEOYOER TVSWIW TIQFIVMXELYER E[EP [EOXY WILEVYWR]E QIPEOYOER TIVE[EXER HEXE JEWMPMXEW HMFIVMOER WXEXYW TIVE[EXER FIVNERKOE [EOXY 4VSWIW TIRKIGIOER EOER HMPEOYOER WIGEVE SXSQEXMW YRXYO QIPEOYOER TIQFIVMXELYERNEH[EPTIVE[EXER]ERKEOERNEXYLXIQTSOEVIRETIVE[EXER FIPYQHMTVSWIWEXEYTYRFIPYQHMPEOYOER
1SHYPmonitoring maintenance]ERKQIVYTEOERQSHYP]ERKQIPEOYOERTVSWIW QSRMXSVMRKTIVE[EXERXIVLEHETJEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER4VSWIWQSRMXSVMRKHMPEOYOER XIVLEHET HEXE JEWMPMXEW HER TIVE[EXERR]E(EXE QSRMXSVMRK FIVYTE HEXE FME]E TIVE[EXER ]ERK HMOIPYEVOER OSRHMWM JEWMPMXEW WXEXYW JEWMPMXEW OIWMETER EPEX NYVREP LMWXSVM TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER 8IVHETEX HEXE master monitoring maintenance ]ERK XIVWMQTER HM HEPEQ HEXEFEWI 7YF QSHYP monitoring maintenanceXIVHMVMHEVM E
Monitoring Cost:FIVJYRKWMYRXYOQIQSRMXSVFME]ETIVE[EXER]ERKXMQFYP
F
Monitoring Maintenance: FIVJYRKWM YRXYO QIR]MQTER HER QIREQTMPOER HEXE XVERWEOWM TIVE[EXER XIVLEHET JEWMPMXEW FEMO FIVYTE NYVREP XEFIP HER NYQPELXVERWEOWMTIVE[EXER]ERKXIPELHMPEOYOER
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
G
1SRMXSVMRKfasilitas:&IVJYRKWMYRXYOQIPEOYOERTVSWIWQSRMXSVTIVE[EXER XIVLEHET JEWMPMXEW FIVYTE WXEXYW HEXE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK WIHERK HEPEQ TIVE[EXEROSRHMWMHEXEJEWMPMXEWHEROIWMETERJEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXER
H
1SHYPReport dan Statistik, QIVYTEOERQSHYP]ERKFIVJYRKWMQIREQTMPOER MRJSVQEWM XIRXERK HEXE JEWMPMXEW FIWIVXE XVERWEOWM LMWXSVM TVSWIW ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW XIVWIFYX 1SHYP MRM HETEX HMFIVMOER MRJSVQEWM HIXEMP XIRXERK JEWMPMXEW FEMO FIVYTE XEFIP HMEKVEQ EXEYTYR WXEXMWXMO HEPEQ FIRXYO TIPETSVER ]ERK QYHEL HMFEGE (EXEHEXE HIXEMP JEWMPMXEWHETEXFIVYTEHEXEFME]E]ERKXMQFYPWIPEQETIVE[EXERHMPEOYOER OSRHMWMJEWMPMXEWTIVEPEXERHEXEHEXEOIVYWEOER]ERKHMEPEQMJEWMPMXEWHEXE WXEXMWXMOJEWMPMXEWHERMRJSVQEWMTIVE[EXERHERPEMRPEMRReportHERWXEXMWXMO QIVYTEOERoutput]ERKHETEXHMFIVMOERHEVMETPMOEWMmaintenanceJEWMPMXEW WIWYEMHIRKERHEXEHEXE]ERKXIPELHMMRTYXOERWIFIPYQR]EHERHMPEOYOER TVSWIW WIWYEM HIRKER TVSWIHYV ]ERK FIVPEOY TEHE ETPMOEWM maintenance JEWMPMXEW
I
1SHYP System & File–User Security, QIVYTEOER QSHYP QERENIQIR HEXE QERENIQIR JMPI HER QERENIQIR user (MXIVETOER OIEQERER HEXE HIRKER QIRKKYREOER user HER password 8VERWEOWM FIVYTE IOWIOYWM HEXE HETEX HMWMQTER TEHE history user HER IOWIOYWM ]ERK XIPEL HMPEOYOER (MFIVMOER NYKEJYRKWMYRXYOQIPEOYOERTVSXIOWMHEXEHIRKERQIPEOYOERback-upHEXE 1SHYPMRMPIFMLQIRKEVELTEHEuser securityHERTVSXIOWMHEXEYRXYOETPMOEWM JEWMPMXEW maintenancesystem 1SHYP MRM HETEX HMWIWYEMOER HIRKER OIFYXYLERETPMOEWMEKEVPIFMLIJMWMIRHERJPIOWMFIP
F.
Pengembangan Model SIMAF /ILEHMVERXIORSPSKMOSQTYXIVHIRKEROIOYEXERTVSWIWR]EXIPELQIQYRKOMROER TIRKIQFERKERWMWXIQMRJSVQEWMQERENIQIR4IRKKYREERXIORSPSKMOSQTYXIV HMHETEX QERJEEX FIVYTE OIQYHELER QIR]MQTER QIRKSVKERMWEWM QIRKSPEL HER QIPEOYOER TIRKEQFMPER retrieval WIVXE HMWXVMFYWM real time XIVLEHET FIVFEKEM HEXE OEVIRE HMHYOYRK HIRKER TIVERKOEX PYREO HER OSRJMKYVEWM TIVERKOEX OIVEW ]ERK XITEX MRWXERWM HETEX QIQFERKYR WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM QERENIQIR ]ERK LERHEP HER FIVTIRKEVYL WIGEVE WMKRMJMOER XIVLEHET OMRIVNE MRWXERWMXIVWIFYXWIGEVEOIWIPYVYLER4IVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWWIGEVETVIZIRXMJHETEX HMPEOYOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV YRXYO QIRKSPEL HEXEHEXE JEWMPMXEW HER TIVE[EXERR]E %HER]E WMWXIQ QERENIQIR
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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FIVFEWMWOSQTYXIVXIVWIFYXQEOEMRJSVQEWMJEWMPMXEWTIVE[EXERFME]EHERHEXE WTIWMJMOEWMR]EHETEXXIVWMQTERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWHMPEOYOERPIFMLXIVNEH[EP WIWYEM HIRKER HEXE TIVE[EXER ]ERK XIPEL HMQEWYOOER OIHEPEQ FEWMW HEXE WIGEVEXIVTEHY 1.
Metode perancangan a.
Sistem Development Life Cycle (SDLC) 4IRKIQFERKOER WYEXY 7MWXIQ -RJSVQEWM 1ERENIQIR EXEY 7-1 1GPISH HETEX HMTERHERK WIFEKEM WYEXY SVKERMWQI LMHYT ]ERK QIQMPMOM WMOPYWPELMVXYQFYLQIRNEHMHI[EWEFIVJYRKWMHEREOLMVR]EQEXMWILMRKKE HMFYEXPEL WYEXY TVSWIW TIRKIQFERKER 7-1 ]ERK HMWIFYX WIFEKEM WMOPYW OILMHYTERWMWXIQ 70'EXEY7MWXIQ0MJI']GPI
b.
Definisi SLC 70'EHEPELWIFYELQIXSHI]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYOQIRKIQFERKOERWYEXY WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV 70' XIVHMVM HEVM WIVERKOEMER XYKEW ]ERKIVEXQIRKMOYXMWYEXYTSPE]ERKXIVEXYVHERHMPEOYOERWIGEVEtopdown 70'WIVMRKHMWIFYXWIFEKEMTIRHIOEXEREMVXIVNYR waterfall approach FEKM TIRKIQFERKERHERTIRKKYREERWMWXIQ
c.
Tahapan Siklus Hidup 8ELETERHEPEQ70'XIVHMVMHEVMTIVIRGEREERTIVERGERKERTIRIVETERHER TIRKKYREERXELETE[EP]ERKHMKEFYRKOERWIGEVEFIVWEQEWEQEHMWIFYX WIFEKEM 7(0' 7MOPYW OILMHYTER HEVM WYEXY WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIVQYRKOMRLER]EEOERFIVPERKWYRKFIFIVETEFYPEREXEYQYRKOMR FIFIVETEXELYR+EQFEVHMFE[ELMRMQIRYRNYOOERFEKEMQEREXELETXELET WMOPYW OILMHYTER QIQFIRXYO WYEXY TSPE PMRKOEVER 7EEX WYEXY WMWXIQ FIVEOLMV QEWE OIKYREERR]E LEVYW HMKERXM WYEXY WMOPYW OILMHYTER FEVY HMQYPEMHME[EPMHIRKERXELETTIVIRGEREER8ELETTIVIRGEREERHMWIVELOER TEHE TIVYWELEER EXEY TIRKKYRE TVSKVEQ WIHERKOER XELET OENMER HMOIVNEOERSPILKEFYRKERERXEVETIRKKYREHIRKEREREPMWWMWXIQMRJSVQEWM 8ELET TIVERGERKER EREPMW QIR]IVELOER LEWMPR]E OITEHE TVSKVEQQIV OIQYHMERQIVERGERKTVSKVEQR]E8ELETMRMPELHMFYEX(*(HER)6(8ELET TIRIVETER EHEPEL XELETER HMQERE TVSKVEQQIV QIRYERKOER LEWMP VERGERKERR]E QIRNEHM OSHIOSHI TIQVSKVEQER FIWIVXE ZMWYEPMWEWMR]E 8ELET TIRKKYREER EHEPEL XELET HMQERE TVSKVEQ ]ERK XIPEL NEHM HMKYREOER YRXYO HMYNMGSFE HER HMPEOYOER TIVYFELER ETEFMPE HMTIVPYOER &IVMOYXQIVYTEOERKEQFEVXELETERWMOPYWLMHYT 1GPISH
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
5. Tahap Penggunaan
Entitas Eksternal
4. Tahap Penerapan
2. Tahap Kajian
3. Tahap Perancangan
Gambar 9. Tahapan Siklus Hidup
d.
Data Flow Diagram (DFD) 1IRYVYX4VIWWQER (*(EHEPELWIFYELXIORMOKVEJMW]ERKQIRKKEQFEVOER EPMVERXVERWJSVQEWMHERMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMETPMOEWMOERTEHEWEEXHEXEFIVKIVEOHEVM MRTYXR]E QIRNEHM SYXTYX +EQFEV FIVMOYX MRM QIVYTEOER FIRXYO HEWEV HEVM (*( 4VIWWQER &IVMOYX EHEPEL KEQFEV FIRXYO YQYQ HMEKVEQ OSRXIOW 4VIWWQER
Entitas Eksternal
Informasi Input Sistem Informasi Berbasis Komputer
Entitas Eksternal
Informasi Output
Informasi Input
Informasi Output
Entitas Eksternal
Entitas Eksternal
Gambar 10. Bentuk Umum Diagram Konteks
(*( QIQMPMOM XMRKOEXER HMEKVEQ ]ERK QIVITVIWIRXEWMOER EPMVER MRJSVQEWM ]ERK FIVXEQFELHERJYRKWMMHIEP(*(QIQFIVMOERWYEXYQIOERMWQIFEKMTIQSHIPER JYRKWMSREP HER TIQSHIPER EPMVER MRJSVQEWM (MEKVEQ XMRKOEX HEVM (*( HMWIFYX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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WIFEKEM (*( PIZIP EXEY HMWIFYX WIFEKEM HMEKVEQ OSRXIOW (MEKVEQ MRM QIVITVIWIRXEWMOER WIPYVYL IPIQIR WMWXIQ 4VSWIW HEPEQ HMEKVEQ OSRXIOW MRM HETEXHMIOWXVEOPEKMQIRNEHM(*(PIZIPYRXYOQIQTIVPMLEXOERTVSWIWWIGEVEPIFML HIXEMP 7IXMET TVSWIW ]ERK HMKEQFEVOER TEHE (*( PIZIP QIVYTEOER WYFJYRKWM HEVM WIPYVYL WMWXIQ ]ERK HMKEQFEVOER TEHE HMEKVEQ OSRXIOW 0IZIP WIPERNYXR]E HEPEQ(*(EOERFIVLIRXMOIXMOEJYRKWMHEPEQWMWXIQXIPELQIRGETEMHEWEVEXEY HMWIFYX JYRKWM QIRHEWEV EXEY OIXMOE TIRKKEQFEVER EPMVER XIPEL QIRGETEM XELETER]ERKQIRGYOYTMFEKMXELETERTIRKIQFERKERTVSKVEQWIPERNYXR]E Notasi dalam DFD yaitu :
%OXSVHMRSXEWMOERHIRKERWYEXYTIVWIKMTERNERK
4VSWIWHMRSXEWMOERHIRKERWYEXYPMRKOEVER
%PMVER(EXEHMRSXEWMOERHIRKERXERHETEREL
*MPIHMRSXEWMOERHIRKERWITEWERKKEVMWTEVEPPIPQIRHEXEV
&IVHEWEVOERVERGERKER(*(MRMPELOIQYHMERHMFYEXVERGERKERXEQTMPERTVSKVEQ OSHITVSKVEQXEQTMPERTVSKVEQHERMRXIVEOWMEXEYLYFYRKERERXEVXEQTMPER e.
Skema dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 7OIQE EHEPEL KEQFEVER HEVM WYEXY VIPEWM ]ERK HMPERNYXOER HIRKER REQE TEWERKERTEWERKER EXVMFYX HER HSQEMR )6( QIRYVYX &SSGL EHEPEL WIFYELHMEKVEQ]ERKQIRKKEQFEVOERQSHIPLYFYRKEREXEYVIPEWMERXEVHEXEHM HYRME R]EXE QIRKKYREOER WINYQPEL TIVERKOEX OSRWITXYEP %HE HYE OSQTSRIR )6( ]EMXY IRXMXEW HER VIPEWM /IHYE OSQTSRIR HMHIWOVMTWMOER HIRKER EXVMFYX 7IXMETEXVMFYXHEVMIRXMXEWTEWXMXIVHETEXWEXY]ERKQIRNEHMOEVEOXIVMWXMOHMWIFYX HIRKERprimary key%HERSXEWMWMQFSPMO)6(]EMXYTIVWIKMTERNERKQIR]EXEOER entitas, ellips QIR]EXEOER EXVMFYX FIPEL OIXYTEX QIR]EXEOER VIPEWM KEVMW QIRKLYFYRKOERERXEVELMQTYRERVIPEWMHIRKERLMQTYRERIRXMXEWHEREXVMFYXR]E HER OEVHMREPMXEW VIPEWM HMR]EXEOER HIRKER TIQEOEMER ERKOE EXEY LYVYJ EXEY HIRKERFER]EOR]EKEVMWGEFERK(MFE[ELMRMXELETERTIQFYEXER)6( 1IRKMHIRXMJMOEWMHERQIR]EXEOERWIPYVYLLMQTYRERIRXMXEW]ERKEOERXIVPMFEX 1IRIRXYOEREXVMFYXEXVMFYXOYRGMHEVMQEWMRKQEWMRKLMQTYRERIRXMXEW 1IRKMHIRXMJMOEWMHERQIRIXETOERWIPYVYLLMQTYRERVIPEWMHMERXEVELMQTYRER IRXMXEW]ERKEHEFIWIVXEOYRGMXEQY 1IRIRXYOERHIVENEXEXEYOEVHMREPMXEWVIPEWMYRXYOWIXMETLMQTYRERVIPEWM 1IPIRKOETM LMQTYRER IRXMXEW HER LMQTYRER VIPEWM HIRKER EXVMFYX HIWOVMTXMJ EXEYRSROYRGMWIXMETIRXMXEWOIQYHMERHMPIRKOETMHIRKEREXVMFYXHIWOVMTXMJ EXEYRSROYRGM
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
2. Rancang Bangun SIMAF 4IRKIQFERKOER7-1%*QIRKKYREOERFIFIVETEPERKOEL]ERKHMPEOYOERWIFEKEM FIVMOYX a.
Perencanaan 8ELETMRMHMPEOYOEROENMERHEVMTIVQEWEPELER]ERKEHEHIRKERGEVEQIPEOYOER WYVZIM HER [E[ERGEVE &IVHEWEVOER LEWMP WYVZIM HER [E[ERGEVE HMOIXELYM FEL[E HEPEQ TVSWIW QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW XIVHETEX HYE OIKMEXER YXEQE ]EMXY TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HER TIPEOWEREER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW /IHYE OIKMEXER MRM LEVYW HMHSOYQIRXEWMOER HER HMPETSVOER OITEHE TMQTMRER 8YNYER YXEQE HEVM TIQFYEXER 7-1%* EHEPEL YRXYO QIVIOEQ HEXE JEWMPMXEWHERHEXETIRHYOYRKR]EHEXETIVIRGEREERHERTIPEOWEREERTIVE[EXER (MLEVETOER HIRKER HMVIOEQR]E FIVFEKEM HEXE XIVWIFYX HETEX HMPEOYOER FIVFEKEMOIKMEXERHEPEQQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWWIGEVEWMWXIQEXMWHER XIVTSPEFEOY7ILMRKKEJEWMPMXEW]ERKEHEFIREVFIREVQIRHETEXOERTIVE[EXER ]ERKFEMOHERXIVEXYV &IVHEWEVOER TVSWIW TIRHSOYQIRXEWMER QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HMTIVSPILOEQYWHEXEWIFEKEMFIVMOYX Data Fasilitas]EMXYHEXE]ERKQIVIOEQWTIWMJMOEWMHERHIXEMPHEVMJEWMPMXEW Data Kategori]EMXYHEXEQIRKIREMOPEWMJMOEWMJEWMPMXEW Data Pegawai ]EMXY HEXE QIRKIREM TIKE[EM ]ERK XIVOEMX HIRKER JEWMPMXEW QMWEPR]E TIRERKKYRKNE[EF EXEY XIORMWM ]ERK FIVXYKEW QIRKSTIVEWMOER EXEYQIVE[EXJEWMPMXEW Data Divisi EHEPEL TVSHMTVSHM HM 71/ XIVOEMX HIRKER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HMKYREOER Data GrupTIRKIPSQTSOOERJEWMPMXEWFIVHEWEVOEREXYVERXIVXIRXY Data KategoriTIRKIPSQTSOOERJEWMPMXEWFIVHEWEVOERNIRMWEXEYJYRKWMR]E 7) Data Perencanaan Perawatan. Data Pelaksanaan Perawatan
b.
Perancangan Sistem &IVHEWEVOER OEQYW HEXE HM EXEW HMPEOYOER TIVERGERKER WMWXIQ ]ERK HMQYPEM HEVM TIR]YWYRER (*( HMPERNYXOER HIRKER TIR]YWYRER )6( &IVMOYX MRM EHEPEL WIVERKOEMEREPMVERMRJSVQEWMHEPEQ(*(YRXYOQIVERGERK7-1%*
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
39
Laporan Pelaksanaan Jadwal Perawatan
Pegawai
Perencanaan perawatan
Sistem Manajemen Perawatan Fasilitas
Pelaksanaan Perawatan
Gambar 11. Diagram Konteks atau DFD Level 0
+EQFEV HM EXEW QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E WMWXIQ FIVMRXIVEOWM HIRKER WIFYEL IRXMXEW IOWXIVREP]EMXY4IKE[EM -QE-WQEVE 7MWXIQQIRIVMQEHEXEYXEQE]EMXY HEXE VIRGERE TIVE[EXER /IQYHMER TIKE[EM QIRIVMQE HEXE QIRKIREM NEH[EP TIVE[EXER 4IKE[EM ]ERK XIPEL QIPEOWEREOER TIVE[EXER HEXER]E HMFIVMOER OITEHE WMWXIQ OIQYHMER WMWXIQ QIQFIVMOER PETSVER TIPEOWEREER TIVE[EXER OITEHETIKE[EM 2 Perencanaan Perawatan Fasilitas
Data Pelaksanaan Perawatan
Pegawai
Jadwal Perawatan
Data Teknis Fasilitas dan Data Pendukung
Data Fasilitas
Laporan Pelaksanaan Perawatan
3 Input Pelaksanaan Perawatan Fasilitas
1 Input Data Fasilitas
Gambar 12. DFD Level 1
Setelah mendapatkan “Diagram Konteks”, langkah selanjutnya adalah membuat (*(]ERKQIQTIVPMLEXOERTVSWIWHEVMWMWXIQYXEQE]ERKHMREQEOERHIRKER834 0):)0(*(+EQFEVHMEXEWQIRYRNYOOERFEL[EXIVHETEXEPMVERHEXEJEWMPMXEWHER HEXE TIRHYOYRK HEVM 4IKE[EM QIRYNY 4VSWIW -RTYX (EXE *EWMPMXEW (EXE TIRHYOYRK EHEPEL HEXE OEXIKSVM KVYT HMZMWM TIKE[EM HER HEXEHEXE PEMR ]ERK
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIPIRKOETMXIVNEHMR]ETVSWIWMRTYXHEXEJEWMPMXEW4VSWIWQIRKEPMVHEXEJEWMPMXEW QIRYNY 4VSWIW 4IVIRGEREER 4IVE[EXER *EWMPMXEW 4VSWIW QIRKEPMV HEXE NEH[EPTIVE[EXEROI4IKE[EMOIQYHMERQIRKEPMVHEXETIPEOWEREERTIVE[EXEROI 4VSWIW -RTYX 4IPEOWEREER 4IVE[EXER WILMRKKE 4VSWIW QIVIWTSR HIRKER QIQFIVMOER PETSVER TIPEOWEREER TIVE[EXER OITEHE 4IKE[EM 4IVERGERKER XEFIPXEFIPHEXEFEWIWIVXEVIPEWMERXEVXEFIPR]EHEPEQ)6(HMPEOYOERWIXIPELEPMVER TVSWIWHERIRXMXEWIRXMXEWR]EWIPIWEMHMNEFEVOER
8EFIPJEWMPMXEWXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8EFIP/EXIKSVMXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8EFIP+VYTXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8EFIP(MZMWMXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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8EFIP4IKE[EMXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8EFIP0SOEWMXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
8EFIP6IRGERE4IVE[EXERXIVHMVMHEVMEXVMFYXEXVMFYXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
4EHE 8EFIP 6IRGERE 4IVE[EXER FMPE TVSWIW ]ERK HMPEOYOER EHEPEL TVSWIW TIVIRGEREERTIVE[EXERQEOE WIQYE fielddataHMMWMOIGYEPMWXEXYWTIPEOWEREER XKP VIEPMWEWM HER 4IPEOWERE /IXMKE HEXE XIVWIFYX HMMWM TEHE 4VSWIW -RTYX 4IPEOWEREER 4IVE[EXER OIQYHMER HMWYWYRPEL VIPEWM ERXEV XEFIPR]E HEPEQ )6( FIVMOYX
42
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 13. ERD
+EQFEV)6(QIRYRNYOOERFEL[EXEFIPJEWMPMXEWFIVVIPEWMHIRKERXEFIPXEFIPPEMR FIVHEWEVOEREXVMFYX]ERKHMLYFYRKOERSPILKEVMWVIPEWMR]E c.
Penerapan Aplikasi SIMAF &IVHEWEVOER 8ELET 4IVIRGEREER HER 8ELET 4IVERGERKER XIPEL HMOIQFERKOER 7MWXIQ -RJSVQEWM 1ERENIQIR 4IVE[EXER 2EQE ]ERK HMFIVMOER YRXYO WMWXIQ MRM HMREQEOER 7MWXIQ -RJSVQEWM 1ERENIQIR *EWMPMXEW 7-1%* 7-1%* EHEPEL WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM FIVFEWMW OSQTYXIV]ERK FIVXYNYER QIR EXEY WELEOER FEVERK MRZIRXEVMW QMPMOEXEYOIOE]EERWYEXYPIQFEKE7MWXIQMRJSVQEWMMRMEOERQIQYHELOERTVSWIW TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEW4IQFYEXERWMWXIQMRJSVQEWMMRMFIVTIHSQERTEHEOENMER]ERK XIPEL HMPEOYOER QIRKIREM 7MWXIQ 1ERENIQIR 4IREXEER HER 4IVE[EXER *EWMPMXEW 7-1%* QIR]IHMEOER JEWMPMXEW YRXYO TVSWIW TIR EXEY WELEER FEVERK QIPMTYXM MRZIRXEVMWEWMFEVERKOEXIKSVMHMZMWMWEQTEMHIRKERTIXYKEW]ERKXIVOEMXPERKWYRK HIRKER JEWMPMXEWJEWMPMXEW ]ERK EHE /IQYHMER QIR]YWYR NEH[EP TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWHERVIEPMWEWMR]E
d.
Spesifikasi Program 7-1%*HMFERKYRHIRKERTIVERKOEXPYREOSTIRWSYVGI]ERKQIRKKYREOER&ELEWE 4IQVSKVEQER :MWYEP &EWMG HER 7MWXIQ 1ERENIQIR &EWMW (EXE HIRKER 1MGVSWSJX %GGIWW WIVXE QIRKKYREOER OSQTYXIV FIVFEWMW ;MRHS[W %TPMOEWM ]ERK HMFERKYR QEWML HEPEQ XELET prototype HMQERE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK EHE QEWML WERKEX XIVFEXEW ,EVETERR]EEHEOENMERPIFMLPERNYXYRXYOQIRKIQFERKOERTVSKVEQMRMEKEVHETEX HMETPMOEWMOERWIGEVEPERKWYRKHM71/EXEYMRWXMXYWMPEMRR]E
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
43
e.
Struktur Program SIMAF
SIMAF
Master Fasilitas
Grup Grup
Kategori
Divisi
Data Lembaga Pegawai
Perencanaan Perawatan
Realisasi Perawatan
Urutan Pengisian Data Transaksi
Urutan Pengisian Data Master Fasilitas
Laporan
Transaksi Perawatan Fasilitas
Laporan Fasilitas
Laporan Perencanaan Perawatan
Realisasi Perawatan
Fasilitas Gambar 14. Struktur Program SIMAF
4VSKVEQ 7-1%* WIGEVE YQYQ HMFEKM HEPEQ QSHYP ]EMXY 1EWXIV *EWMPMXEW 8VERWEOWM4IVE[EXER*EWMPMXEWHER4IPETSVER1EWXIVJEWMPMXEWXIVHMVMHEVMJSVQYPMV JSVQYPMVYRXYOQIRKMRTYXHEXE*EWMPMXEW/EXIKSVM*EWMPMXEW(MZMWM(EXE0IQFEKE 4IKE[EM HER +VYT *EWMPMXEW 8VERWEOWM 4IVE[EXER *EWMPMXEW XIVHMVM HEVM *SVQYPMV YRXYO QIRKMRTYX 4IVIRGEREER 4IVE[EXER HER 6IEPMWEWM HEVM 4IVIRGEREER ]ERK WYHEL HMFYEX 4EHE FEKMER TIPETSVER TIRKKYRE HETEX QIPMLEX HER QIRGIXEO 0ETSVER *EWMPMXEW 0ETSVER 4IVIRGEREER 4IVE[EXER HER 0ETSVER 6IEPMWEWM 4IVE[EXER 7ITIVXM HMXYRNYOOER TEHE +EQFEV 7XVYOXYV 4VSKVEQ 7-1%* TVSWIW TIRKMWMERHEXELEVYWYVYXQYPEMHEVM1EWXIV(EXE8VERWEOWMFEVYFMWEQIPMLEX
44
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
PETSVERPETSVER(EPEQQSHYP1EWXIV(EXETVSWIWTIRKMWMERLEVYWHMQYPEMHEVM HEXEHEXETIRHYOYRKHYPY KVYTOEXIKSVMHMZMWMHEXEPIQFEKETIKE[EMHERPEMR PEMR FEVYWIXIPELMXYQIRKMWMJEWMPMXEW7IXIPELWIQYEHEXE1EWXIV*EWMPMXEWXIVMWM OMXEHETEXQYPEMQIRKKYREOER1SHYP8VERWEOWM8VERWEOWM]ERKXIPELHMPEOYOER HETEXHMPMLEXPETSVERR]ETEHE1SHYP0ETSVER f.
Penggunaan Program 1) Spesifikasi Sistem 9RXYO HETEX QIRKKYREOER TVSKVEQ FIFIVETE WTIWMJMOEWM LEVH[EVI HER WSJX[EVI LEVYW HMTIRYLM 7TIWMJMOEWMWMWXIQ ]ERK LEVYW HMTIRYLM EHEPEL QMRMQEP E
7MWXIQ3TIVEWM1MGVSWSJX;MRHS[W
F
4VSWIWSV1,^
G
1IQSVM6%11&
H
:+%'EVHOSQTEXMFIP HMWEVEROER]ERKQIQSVMR]EHMEXEW 1&
I
6IWSPYWM1SRMXSV \
J
4VSKVEQ1MGVSWSJX%GGIWW
2) Menu dan Panduan Program 7IFIPYQETPMOEWM7-1%*HETEXHMNEPEROERXIVPIFMLHELYPYOSTMOERTVSKVEQHER JSPHIV KEQFEV OI HEPEQ OSQTYXIV ERHE 7IXIPEL MXY FYOEPEL JMPI ]ERK WYHEL HMOSTMOER HIRKER OPMO KERHE JMPI 7-1%* HEPEQ [MRHS[W I\TPSVIV WITIVXM HMXYRNYOOER+EQFEV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
45
Gambar 15. Menjalankan Program SIMAF
7IXIPELTVSKVEQXIVFYOEEOERQYRGYPNIRHIPEsecurity [EVRMRKOIQYHMEROPMO XSQFSPSTIRYRXYOQIQFYOETVSKVEQR]E
Gambar 16. Jendela Security Warning
7IPERNYXR]E EOER XIVFYOE HEXEFEWI 7-1%* .IRHIPE ]ERK XIVFYOE TEHE FEKMER object TMPMLPEL JSVQ OIQYHMER HM WIFIPEL OERERR]E GEVMPEL switchboard QIRY YRXYOQIQFYOEQIRYYXEQE
46
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 17. Jendela Database SIMAF
3)
Menu Utama – Switchboard 1IRYYXEQEHEPEQTVSKVEQ7-1%*HMPIXEOOERHEPEQWIFYEL form]ERKHMWIFYX SwitchboardSwitchboardXIVHETEXFIFIVETEQIRYYXEQE
Gambar 18. Switchboard
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
47
4)
Form Fasilitas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
Gambar 19. Form Fasilitas
5)
Form Pegawai *SVQ MRM HMKYREOER YRXYO QIR]MQTER HEXE TIKE[EM XIXETM OLYWYW YRXYO TIKE[EM ]ERK XIVOEMX PERKWYRK HIRKER TIRERKERER JEWMPMXEW .EFEXER HMMWM HIRKER GEVE QIQMPML TEHE TMPMLER ]ERK XIVWIHME WIXIPEL WIFIPYQR]E HEXE NEFEXERHMMWM9RXYOQIREQFELHEXEHETEXHIRKERQIRIOERXSQFSPHEXEFEVY 7IXIPELHEXEXIVMWMHETEXHMWMQTERHIRKERQIRIOERXSQFSPWMQTERHEXE
48
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 20. Form Pegawai
6)
Form Rencana Perawatan
Gambar 21. Form Perencanaan Perawatan
4EHEJSVQMRMHMPEOYOERTVSWIWMRTYXTIVIRGEREERTIVE[EXER6IRGERETIVE[EXER HMMRTYX FIVHEWEVOER JEWMPMXEWJEWMPMXEW ]ERK HEXER]E WYHEL QEWYO OI HEXEFEWI
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
49
TVSKVEQ8ERKKEPVIRGEREHETEXHMMRTYXHIRKERGEVEQIQMPMLOEPIRHIV]ERKEHE HM FEKMER OERER MRTYX EXEY HETEX QIRKMWMOER PERKWYRK TEHE OSXEO MRTYXR]E 4IRERKKYRKNE[EF HMMWM HIRKER GEVE QIQMPML HEJXEV TIKE[EM ]ERK WYHEL XIVMWM WIFIPYQR]E9RXYOQIPMLEXHIXEMPHEVMJEWMPMXEWHETEXQIQMPMLXEFHIXEMPJEWMPMXEW (EJXEVOIWIPYVYLERVIRGERE]ERKXIPELHMMRTYXHETEXHMPMLEXHMXEFHEJXEVVIRGERE 7)
Form Realisasi Perawatan 7IXIPEL QIPEOYOER TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXER TIXYKEW EOER QIPEOYOER VIEPMWEWM TIVE[EXER 4IVE[EXER ]ERK XIPEL HMPEOWEREOER HMWMQTER HEPEQ *SVQ 6IEPMWEWM 4IVE[EXER4IXYKEWXMRKKEPQIQFIVMXERHEGIRXERK Z TEHEWXEXYWTIPEOWEREER HERXERKKEPVIEPMWEWMTIVE[EXER/IXIVERKERFIVEWEPHEVMJSVQTIVIRGEREERXIXETM HETEXHMYFELQIR]IWYEMOERLEWMPHEVMVIEPMWEWMR]E
Gambar 22. Form Realisasi Perawatan
8)
Laporan-laporan 4EHE FEKMER MRM XIVHETEX PETSVER ]EMXY PETSVER JEWMPMXEW HEJXEV TIVIRGEREER TIVE[EXERHERPETSVERVIEPMWEWMTIVE[EXER4EHEQSHYPMRMHETEXHMPEOYOERTVSWIW TIRGIXEOER PETSVERPETSVER 'SRXSL preview PETSVERPETSVER HETEX HMPMLEX TEHE +EQFEV&IVHEWEVOERLEWMPOENMERYNMOIPE]EOERTIREVETER7-1%*MRMWYHEL PE]EO YRXYO HMXIVETOER WERKEX FIVQERJEEX HER HETEX HMEHETXEWM WIGEVE OVIEXMJ WIWYEMOIFYXYLERQEWMRKQEWMRK71/
50
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 23. Laporan Fasilitas
F. Manajemen Perawatan Fasilitas 1ERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HMPEOYOER EKEV IJMWMIRWM HER OIYRXYRKER WIVXE TIRKLIQEXER ]ERK HMTIVSPIL HEVM TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW QIRNEHM PIFML FIWEV 1ERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW QIRNEHM OIFYXYLER ]ERK WERKEX PE]EO YRXYO HMTIRYLM (YOYRKER QERENIQIR XIRXY WERKEX HMTIVPYOER HEPEQ QIRKIPSPE HIRKER PIFMLGITEXEOYVEXHERVIPIZERXIVLEHETFIVFEKEMJEWMPMXEW]ERKWIQEOMRFIVXEQFEL
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
51
FER]EO 1ERENIQIR ]ERK HMQEOWYH EHEPEL QERENIQIR ]ERK QEQTY QIRHYOYRK XYKEWXYKEW OIWILEVMER OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER FIVFEKEM JEWMPMXEW ]ERK QIRKKYREOER XIORSPSKM MRJSVQEWM HER OSQTYXIV WIVXE HMOIQFERKOER FIVHEWEVOER QERENIQIR FIVFEWMWWIOSPEL 71/ FER]EO ]ERK QIQMPMOM TIPE]ERER TIRHMHMOER XIVWXERHEV -73 ZIVWM REQYR HEPEQ XIVETERR]E QEWML FIPYQ HMXIQYOER HYOYRKER QERENIQIR ]ERK QIQEHEMERXEVEPEMRQIR]ERKOYXERKKEVERTIVWSRIPPETSVEROIKMEXERHEROENMER XMRHEOPERNYXR]EVIRGERETIRKIQFERKERHWF,EPXIVWIFYXFER]EOHMWIFEFOERSPIL TIQELEQER EXEY TIVWITWM WXERHEV QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER ]ERK FIVFIHEFIHE HEPEQ HEWEV XISVM HER EPEX FERXY TIRIVETERR]E 7IGEVE YQYQ TVSJMP QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW HM FIRKOIP EXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQ 71/ HETEX HMKEQFEVOER HEPEQ FIFIVETE TVSKVEQ OIKMEXER (MXMRNEY HEVM OIXIVWIHMEER HER HYOYRKER HSOYQIR XIVWIFYX HM EXEW XIVHETEX FIFIVETE EWTIO ]EMXY EWTIO QERENIQIR EHQMRMWXVEWM SVKERMWEWM TIRHEREER WYQFIV HE]E QERYWME XIORMO STIVEWMTIPEOWEREERHEREWTIOTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXER Tabel 3. Program dan Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Perawatan Dan Penataan Fasilitas
No
Tersedia
Program kegiatan
F
dokumen f
%
4IVEXYVER 7/ )HEVER HWF ]ERK QIRKEXYV TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
%
Dukungan
4IXYRNYO XIORMW 4VSWIHYV 3TIVEWM 7XERHEV TIPEOWEREER TIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ EXEYWXYHMS
.EH[EP TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYWXYHMS
3VKERMWEWM TIVWSRIP TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
/VMXIVME OSQTIXIRWM TIVWSRIP TIPEOWERE TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
%RKKEVER FME]E TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
52
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
0ETSVER TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
EXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
6IVEXE
/ENMER XIVLEHET PETSVER TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
8MRHEOPERNYXXIVLEHETTIVQEWEPELERTIPEOWEREERTIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIP EXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQ EXEY WXYHMS
&ERXYER HER OIVNE WEQE HIRKER TMLEO PEMR HEPEQ TIPEOWEREERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYWXYHMS
4IRKIPSQTSOER NIRMW JYRKWM HER [EOXY TIPEOWEREER TIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQ EXEYWXYHMS
/IRHEPETIRKEHEEROSQTSRIRTEVXEPEXEXEYQIWMRYRXYO TIPEOWEREERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYWXYHMS
6IRGERE QSHIVRMWEWM QMWEPR]E 7-1 HER -'8 HEPEQ TIPEOWEREERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPEXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYWXYHMS
/IKEKEPER OIVYWEOER HER KERKKYER EOMFEX TIPEOWEREER TIREXEER HER TIVE[EXER WEVERE JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIP EXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYWXYHMS
/ENMERHEPEQQIRKEXEWMOIKEKEPEROIVYWEOERHERKERKKYER EOMFEXTIPEOWEREERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIP
Tabel 4. Ketersediaan Dalam Manajemen Perawatan Fasilitas
Aspek
%
%
%
%
Rata-Rata
1ERENIQIR
%HQMRMWXVEWM
3VKERMWEWM
4IRHEREER
7YQFIV(E]E1ERYWME
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
53
8IORMW 3TIVEWM 4IPEOWEREER
4IVFEMOER &IVOIPERNYXER &IVHEWEVOER OIXIVWIHMEER QEWMRKQEWMRK EWTIOXIVR]EXEQIQMPMOM TIVWIRXEWI ]ERK FIVFIHEFIHE %WTIO QERENIQIR XIVR]EXE VIVEXE TIRIVETERR]E EHEPEL %HQMRMWXVEWMQIRGETEM 3VKERMWEWMQIRGETEM 4IRHEREER 7YQFIV HE]E QERYWME 8IORMW STIVEWM TIPEOWEREER 4IVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER (EXE XIVWIFYX QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E WIGEVE EHQMRMWXVEXMJ FIVHEWEVOER TIRKMWMER MRWXVYQIR SPIL VIWTSRHIR HETEX HMOEXEKSVMOER GYOYT FEMO OIGYEPM]ERKXIVOEMXHIRKERTIRHEREEROIXIVWIHMEERWYQFIVHE]EQERYWMHERXIORMW STIVEWM TIPEOWEREER ]ERK HMOEXEKSVMOER OYVERK FEMO &IPYQ STXMQEPR]E HYOYRKER QERENIQIR WIOSPEL HER TIRHEREER XIVLEHET TIVE[EXER WIVXE TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW QIRKEOMFEXOERXIVNEHMR]ETIQFSVSWERHMFIVFEKEMFMHERKFEMO]ERKFIVWMJEX tangible FIVYTE TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIR]EQERER OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE QEYTYR intangibleXIVOEMXHIRKEROYEPMXEWPYPYWER71/]ERKYRKKYPOSQTIXMXMJWIWYEMOIFYXYLER MRHYWXVM Tabel 5. Dukungan Dokumen
Aspek
%
%
%
%
Rata-Rata
1ERENIQIR
%HQMRMWXVEWM
3VKERMWEWM
4IRHEREER
7YQFIV(E]E1ERYWME
8IORMW 3TIVEWM 4IPEOWEREER 4IVFEMOER&IVOIPERNYXER
8IVR]EXE HYOYRKER HSOYQIR EWTIO QERENIQIR QIRGETEM %HQMRMWXVEWM 3VKERMWEWM 4IRHEREER 7YQFIV HE]E QERYWME 8IORMWSTIVEWMTIPEOWEREER HEREWTIOTIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXERQIRGETEM (EXEMRMWERKEXQIREVMOOEVIREQIQFYOXMOERFEL[EYRKOETER]ERKHMXYPMW QIPEPYM MRWXVYQIR FIPYQ XIRXY HMPIRKOETM HIRKER HSOYQIRXEWM TIRHYOYRK ]ERK FIXYPFIXYPXIVWIHMEHERXIPELHMKYREOERSPIL71/
54
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
&IFIVETE VIWTSRHIR XIPEL QIQTIVPMLEXOER HER QIR]IVELOER HYOYRKER JSVQEX EHQMRMWXVEXMJ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIVFEMOER JEWMPMXEW HIRKER NYQPEL PIQFEVERNIRMWJSVQHERFMVSOVEWMIOWIOYWMTIPEOWEREERR]E]ERKWERKEXTERNERK 4IRHIOEXERQERENIQIROSRZIRWMSREPXIVWIFYXQIRMQFYPOERWMOETTIRSPEOERHEPEQ TIRIVETERR]EHMPETERKER%OMFEXR]EEHEPELTIVEXYVEREXEYTVSWIHYVLER]EWIFEKEM OIPIRKOETER WENE XERTE HETEX QIRGMTXEOER output, outcome, NYKE impact FIVYTE OSQTIXIRWMYRKKYPPYPYWERXIVOEMXHIRKERTVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNE]ERKHMHYOYRKHIRKER FYHE]ETIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERJEWMPMXEWOIVNE&IVHEWEVOERHEXEHEVMWIQYEWEQTIP XIVR]EXE VIVEXE TIRIVETER QERENIQIR FEVY QIRGETEM EVXMR]E HYOYRKER QERENIQIR XIVLEHET OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIP EXEY PEF 71/XIVKSPSRKWIHERKHERFIPYQQIQEHEM-HIEPR]EQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERLEVYW QEQTYQIRHYOYRKWIFIWEVPIFMLHEVM 4IRGIVQEXER PIFML HEPEQ XIRXERK EWTIO QIRENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIP 71/ QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E XIVHETEX FIVFEKEM OIPIQELER FIVOEMXER HIRKER OENMER PETSVER TIPEOWEREER TIVE[EXER ]ERK FEVY HMPEOYOER SPIL HEVM WEQTIP EXEY LER]EWIFIWEV ,EPPEMRHEVMEWTIO]ERKHYOYRKERR]EFIVEHEHMFE[EL EHEPEL OIVNEWEQEHIRKERTMLEOPYEVFEVY TIRKEHEEROSQTSRIREXEYTEVX WIFIWEV OIFIVLEWMPERQIRKEXEWMOIVYWEOERQIRGETEMWIFIWEV WIVXE OENMERXIVLEHETOIKEKEPERTIVE[EXERLER]EHMPEOYOERSPIL71/EXEY (ETEX HMWMQTYPOER FEL[E QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HM71/ FIPYQ QIQEHEM ETEPEKM HIRKER XMRNEYER PIFML HEPEQ XIVOEMX EWTIOEWTIO FYHE]E MRHYWXVM EXEY FYHE]E OIWIPEQEXERHEROIWILEXEROIVNE (YOYRKER HSOYQIR YRXYO TIPEOWEREER QERENIQIR XIVWIFYX XIVR]EXE VIVEXER]E LER]EWIFIWEV MRMFIVEVXMQEWMLXIVHETEXOIWIRNERKER]ERKGYOYTFIWEVHM QERE TIRIVETER QERENIQIR XERTE HYOYRKER HSOYQIR ]ERK QIQEHEM 1EWML FER]EO 71/ ]ERK XMHEO QIQMPMOM HSOYQIR HEPEQ LEP OIKMEXER QIRKEXEWM OIRHEPE TIRKEHEER OSQTSRIR OIFIVLEWMPER QIRKEXEWM OIKEKEPER TIVE[EXER WIVXE OENMER OIKEKEPER TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIRKOIP EXEY PEF (YOYRKER HSOYQIR ]ERK TEPMRK XMHEO QIQEHEM XIVNEHM TEHE OENMER OIRHEPE TIRKEHEER OSQTSRIR JEWMPMXEW OENMER OIKEKEPEROIVYWEOERWIVXEKERKKYEREOMFEXTIPEOWEREERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
55
/SRWIT QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E OENMER OIFIVLEWMPER HER OIKEKEPER QIQMPMOM TSWMWM TIRXMRK WIFEKEM YTE]E QIQERJEEXOER TSXIRWM HER TIPYERK TIRKIQFERKER YWELE /ENMER OIRHEPE TIRKEHEER OSQTSRIR TIRKKERXM HEPEQTIVE[EXEROENMEROIVYWEOERHERKERKKYEREOMFEXOIKEKEPERTIVE[EXERNYKE LEVYW HMPEOYOER EKEV HETEX HMXMRKOEXOER IJMWMIRWMR]E ]ERK WIPERNYXR]E EOER FIVHEQTEO XIVLEHET XMRKOEX TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE 1IRKIREM QERENIQIR ERKKEVER FIPYQ QIRNEHM TVMSVMXEW QERENIQIR WIOSPEL XIVFYOXM HEVM TIVWIRXEWI RSQMREP ERKKEVER TIVE[EXER HMFERHMRK HIRKER ERKKEVER WIOSPEL WIGEVE OIWIPYVYLER ]ERK QEWML OYVERK HEVM WILMRKKE FER]EO XIQYER QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E JEWMPMXEW ]ERK QIRYVYX NEH[EP WILEVYWR]E WYHEL HMPEOYOER TIVFEMOER TIVE[EXER EXEY TIQIPMLEVEER QIRNEHM XIVXYRHE FELOER QIRNEHM XIVFIRKOIPEM EXEY QERKOVEO XMHEO HETEX HMKYREOER WILMRKKE QIRKKERKKY TIPEOWEREEROIKMEXERFIPENEVQIRKENEVOIVNETVEOXMO 71/FER]EO]ERKXIPELQIR]YWYRSVKERMWEWMTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERJEWMPMXEWFEMO ]ERK QIPIOEX WIGEVE SVKERMO OITEHE WXVYOXYV SVKERMWEWM WIOSPEL EXEY HIRKER WXVYOXYV XIVWIRHMVM 4IVXMQFERKER OSQTIXIRWM TIVWSRIP HEPEQ TIRIRXYER WXVYOXYV ]ERK FIPYQ STXMQEP QIRNEHM WIFEF XIVFEXEWR]E XIREKE XIORMWM EXEY PEFSVER HM WIOSPEL HER FER]EO XIREKE KYVY ]ERK HMXIQTEXOER HEPEQ WXVYOXYV SVKERMWEWM TIVE[EXERQIRNEHMOYVERKJSOYWOEVIREXYKEWYXEQER]EQIRKENEV/SQTIXIRWMKYVY WYHELWILEVYWR]ER]EHETEXHMTIVPYEWXIVQEWYOHEPEQLEPTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEER JEWMPMXEWWILMRKKEOIFIVLEWMPEROIKMEXERFIPENEVWMW[EHIRKERHYOYRKERTIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW]ERKLERHEPXMHEOLER]EHMPEOYOERSPILXIORMWMEXEYPEFSVERXIXETMNYKESPIL TEVEKYVYHIRKERQIPMFEXOERWMW[E /SRHMWM QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER WIGEVE YQYQ HETEX HMKEQFEVOER WIFEKEM FIVMOYX %WTIO TIVIRGEREER HIRKER MRHMOEXSV OIXIVWIHMEER OIFMNEOER TIVEXYVER TVSWIHYV HER NEH[EP WIFEKMER FIWEV WIOSPEL VIWTSRHIR XIPEL QIPEOWEREOER %WTIO TIRKSVKERMWEWMER QIPMTYXM MRHMOEXSV WXVYOXYV SVKERMWEWM OSQTIXIRWM TIVWSRIP HER TIRKERKKEVER TIPEOWEREERR]E QIRGETEM HEVM WIPYVYL WIOSPEL VIWTSRHIR %WTIO ]ERK PEMR HIRKER MRHMOEXSV TIPEOWEREER OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER FERXYER HER OIVNEWEQE TIRKIPSQTSOER NIRMW HER JYRKWM WIVXE TIRKEHEER OSQTSRIR HMPEOWEREOERSPILPIFMLHEVMWITEVS WIOSPELVIWTSRHIR %WTIO TIRKIRHEPMER QERENIQIR ]ERK QIPMTYXM OENMER OIKEKEPER XMRHEO PERNYX HER VIRGERETIRKIQFERKERHMPEOWEREOERSPIL WIOSPELWILMRKKEVIVEXEOIWIPYVYLER
56
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TIPEOWEREER QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW WIOSPEL QIRGETEM PIFML HEVM HIRKER GEXEXER EHE FIFIVETE MRHMOEXSV ]ERK QIRSRNSP WIFEKEMQERE HMYVEMOER HM EXEW1IRKOENMTETEVERHERYVEMERHMEXEWQEOETIRKIQFERKEROIHITERHMTIVPYOER TIRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW 71/ ]ERK QEQTY QIRHYOYRK XYKEW XYKEW TIQFIPENEVER XIXETM QIOERMWQI LEVYW XIXET WIHIVLERE OEVIRE XYKEW QERENIQIR HM WIOSPEL QIVYTEOER XYKEW XEQFELER WILMRKKE XMHEO FSPIL QIR]MXE WIFEKMERFIWEV[EOXYTIRKIPSPEWIOSPEL 1ERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHMNEPEROERHIRKERWMWXIQ]ERKQIRKEGYOITEHETIRGETEMER XYNYER HIRKER XELETER OIQENYER ]ERK XIVYOYV WILMRKKE QERENIQIR WIOSPEL WIFEKEM YTE]E HYOYRKER XIVLEHET OIKMEXER TIQFIPENEVER HETEX FIVNEPER WIGEVE IJIOXMJHERIJMWMIRXITEX[EOXYXITEXWEWEVERQYHELHERQYVEL,EPMRMLER]EHETEX HMPEOYOER HIRKER HYOYRKER XIORSPSKM MRJSVQEWM HER OSQTYXIV WITIRYLR]E YRXYO QIRIVETOER TVMRWMT just in time HER TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER ]ERK real time HEPEQ TIRIVETERQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHMXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO 7MWXIQ MRJSVQEWM QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HETEX QIRKEOSQSHEWM FIVFEKEM XYRXYXER OIFYXYLER 71/ HM QEWE EOER HEXERK WYHEL WEEXR]E HMFERKYR HIRKERQIRKEGYTEHETVMRWMTTVMRWMT 1.
Mengedepankan mutu &ER]EO WMW[E PYPYW HIRKER RMPEM XMRKKM HER FIVQSVEP OIVNE TIPE]ERER QIQYEWOER HMHYOYRK JEWMPMXEW QIQEHEM EHEPEL LEP ]ERK FMWE QIRNEHM XSPSO YOYVOYEPMXEWWIOSPEL
2.
Keterlibatan stakeholder 7IOSPEL XMHEO HETEX WIRHMVMER HEPEQ FIOIVNE XIXETM LEVYW QIPMFEXOER FER]EO TMLEO KYVY SVERKXYE WMW[E SVKERMWEWM TVSJIWM HYRME YWELE HER TIQIVMRXEL WILMRKKEHETEXQIRGETEMWEWEVERQYXYWIFEKEMQEREHMYVEMOERHMEXEW
3.
Proses selanjutnya 7IXMETTIXYKEWHEPEQTVSWIWTIRHMHMOERTVEOXMOLEVYWQIRKERKKETTMLEOPEMR ]ERK QIRKKYREOER LEWMP OIVNE WIFEKEM stakeholder. 4EVE TIPERKKER MRM ]ERK LEVYWHMTYEWOER7IQYEOEPERKEREOERFIVPSQFEPSQFEYRXYOQIPEOYOER]ERK XIVFEMO
4.
Data sebagai basis kegiatan 7IXMET TIPEOWERE TIRHMHMOER LEVYW QIPEOYOER XMRHEOER HER QIRKEQFMP OITYXYWER TIVE[EXER EXEY TIREXEER FIVHEWEVOER EREPMWMW HEXE ]ERK XIPEL
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
57
HMTIVSPIL XIVPIFML HELYPY FYOER FIVHEWEVOER TIRKERHEMER EXEY VIOE]EWE 8MRHEOER]ERKHMEQFMPFIVHEWEVTIRKERHEMERFMWEQIR]IFEFOEROIVYKMER 5.
Manajemen mutu 7IQYE TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER HM HEPEQ TVSWIW TIRHMHMOER HMPEOYOER WIGEVE TEVXMWMTEXMJ FYOER SXSVMXEXMJ HM QERE XIVHETEX XMXMOXMXMO OIRHEPM QYXY quality check points WIXMET SVERK TIPEOWERE TIRHMHMOER LEVYW QIRKEYHMX LEWMP TIPEOWEREER XYKEWR]E HIRKER WXERHEVX QYXY ]ERK XIPEL HMXIXETOER 7IFEKEM GSRXSL XMRHEOER JSVQEXMJ ]ERK HMPEOYOER TEHE EOLMV WIXMET XELETER MRWTIOWM TIVE[EXERQIVYTEOERXMXMOOIRHEPMQYXYHEPEQTVSWIWTIQFIPENEVERTVEOXMOHM FIRKOIP EXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQ 1IOERMWQI QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW FIVHEWEVOERLEWMPOENMERXIVLEHETHEXEOYEPMXEXMJHEROYERXMXEXMJXIVWIFYXHMEXEW HMKEQFEVOER HEPEQ HMEKVEQ FIVMOYX /IFIVLEWMPER QIOERMWQI XIVWIFYX HETEX STXMQEP NMOE TEHE XMET OSQTSRIR PERKOEL OIKMEXER TIVE[EXER TEHE HMEKVEQ QEWMLLEVYWHMPIRKOETMHIRKER E
(SOYQIR TIR]IVXE TEHE WIXMET TVSWIWR]E QMWEPR]E YRXYO TIVE[EXER TVIZIRXMJ HMTIVPYOER HSOYQIR 437 TVSWIHYV STIVEWM WXERHEV XEFIP TIVE[EXERQERYEPTIVE[EXERNEH[EPTIQFME]EERHPP
F
4IRERKKYRK NE[EF OIKMEXER TEHE XMETXMET TVSWIW OIKMEXER QIPMTYXM OSQTIXIRWMNYQPELHPP
G
7MWXIQ QERENIQIR FIVFEWMW XIORSPSKM MRJSVQEWM HER OSQTYXIV ]ERK QEQTY HMVERGERK HMEOWIW HER HMXMRHEOPENYXM SPIL WIQYE TMLEO XIVOEMX HEPEQLEPTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIPPEF71/
58
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
59
Perawatan Preventif
Info Stock
barang
Kendali Mutu
Kerja Sama
Order
Gudang
Daftar kebutuhan
Barang atau komponen
Kendali Persediaan
Daftar kebutuhan
Jasa & Laporan Hasil Perawatan
Permintaan Part (MEKVEQ4IVE[EXER Barang atau komponen
Perawatan Tindakan
Order
Unit Kerja Sekolah
Jasa & Laporan Hasil Perawatan
Jasa Perawatan preventif
Gambar 24. Diagram Alir Tiap-Tiap Langkah Yang Lebih Komunikatif Dan Lengkap:
Pembelian
Daftar kebutuhan
Perawatan Umum
Order
71/HETEXQIRKEOSQSHEWMOIKMEXERTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERJEWMPMXEWFIRKOIP EXEYPEFSVEXSVMYQWIGEVEWIHIVLEREXIXETMQEQTYQIRHYOYRKOIKMEXERTIQFIPENEVER WIGEVETVSHYOXMJIJIOXMJHERIJMWMIR
DOKUMEN
MULAI
PENANGGUNG JAWAB
JADWAL
Menyusun jadwal perawatan
KEPALABENGK EL/LAB
KARTU PERAWATAN
Pelaksanaan perawatan
TEKNISI
PERAWATAN
tidak
membuat laporan
ya
Log Book
Permintaan Barang
Daftar persediaan barang
Stock Gudang
Ada part yang ganti?
TEKNISI
KEPALA GUDANG
Penerimaan Barang
Penjadwalan ulang
Bisa langsung diperbaiki? ya
KARTU PERAWATAN
tidak
LAPORAN
PERAWATAN
Melakukan perbaikan Membuat laporan
TEKNISI
TEKNISI
SELESAI
60
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1E]SVMXEW 71/ VIWTSRHIR XIPEL QIRIVETOER WMWXIQ TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEW HIRKER TIRHIOEXER OSRZIRWMSREP WITIVXM LEWMP OENMER XIVWIFYX HM EXEW /IPIQELER TIRKIPSPEERJEWMPMXEWHMEXEWERXEVEPEMRQEWMLFIVWMJEXVIWTSRWMJHERVIEOXMJEVXMR]E NMOE XIVNEHM OIVYWEOER FEVY FIVXMRHEO YRXYO QIQTIVFEMOM EXEY QIQFIPM PEKM NEHM FIPYQQIQMPMOMFYHE]ETIRGIKELEROIVYWEOERHIRKERTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEER 1ERENIQIR OSRZIRWMSREP WERKEX FER]EO QIQFYXYLOER WYQFIVHE]E TIRHMHMOER XIVYXEQE[EOXYHEREHERXIREKEOEVIREEHQMRMWXVEWM]EKVYQMXMWMERJSVQEX]ERK FER]EO HER TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER XMRHEOER WIGEVE FMVSOVEXMW PIFML TERNERK EOMFEXR]E XMRKOEX JEOXSV TIRKKYREER QIRNEHM VIRHEL HER TIPE]ERER TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER OIVNE TVEXMO NYKE OYVERK FIVOYEPMXEW ,EP MRM FIVHEQTEO XIVLEHET NEQMRER OITEWXMER OYEPMXEW 71/ WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL HER PYPYWER QIRNEHM OYVERK YRKKYP WIVXE OSQTIXMXMJ 4IRHIOEXER ]ERK TEPMRK FEMO HEPEQ LEP MRM EHEPEL HIRKER TIRIVETER WMWXIQ MRJSVQEWM QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW ]ERK HMHYOYRKXIORSPSKMMRJSVQEWMHEROSQTYXIVHMFIVMREQE7-1%*7-1%*QIRIOEROER TVMRWMT TIPE]ERER MRJSVQEWM HIRKER GITEX EOYVEX HER VIPIZER HEPEQ QIRHYOYRK TIRKIPSPEER JEWMPMXEW /IYRXYRKERR]E ERXEVE PEMR LEQFEXER HER TIQFSVSWER ]ERK HMWIFEFOERSPILTVSWIHYVEXEYFMVSOVEWMHETEXHMLMRHEVMHIRKERTIRIVETER7-1%* MRMWIPEMRMXYEHEPEL 1.
Berbasis Jaringan %TPMOEWM7-1%*FIVFEWMWNEVMRKERHEXEFEWI7-1%*EOERXIVTYWEXETEFMPEWIXMET OSQTYXIV XIVLYFYRK HIRKER OEFIP NEVMRKER OSQTYXIV ,EP MRM QIQYRKOMROER FEKM/ITEPE7IOSPELEXEYWMETETYR]ERKFIV[IRERKYRXYOQIRKEOWIWTVSKVEQ HEVMOERXSVR]EEXEYHEVMPEFEXEYFIRKOIPXIVXIRXYYRXYOQIPMLEXHEXETIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWHEVMPSOEWMPEMR
2.
Less Paper 7IQYEHEXEFEMOHEXETIVE[EXERQEYTYRHEXEJEWMPMXEWHMQEWYOOEROIHEPEQ TVSKVEQ WIFEKEM HEXE HMKMXEP WILMRKKE WIQYE TVSWIW HEXE FEMO QYPEM MRTYX TIRKSPELERHEXEWEQTEMHIRKERTIPETSVERTIVE[EXERXMHEOQIQIVPYOEROIVXEW QIWOMTYR HEXEHEXE XIVWIFYX HETEX HMGIXEO ETEFMPE HMTIVPYOER ,EP MRM EOER QIREQFELOIFIVWMLEROIVETMLERHEROIMRHELERVYERKOIVNETVEOXMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
61
Gambar 25. Ilustrasi Pentingkan Kebersihan Tempat Kerja
3.
Sistem Manajemen Database 4IRKKYREER WMWXIQ MRM HEPEQ 7-1%* QIQYRKOMROER TIQVSWIWER HEXE PIFML GITEX EOYVEX HER VIPIZER HMFERHMRKOER WMWXIQ QERYEP %OMFEXR]E TVSWIW TIVIOEQER TIVE[EXER EOER PIFML GITEX TYPE 4IRKKYRE NYKE HETEX QIPMLEX WIPYVYLHEXEJEWMPMXEWXERTELEVYWFIVOIPMPMRKHEVMWEXYPEFEXEYFIRKOIPOIPSOEWM PEMR
4.
Laporan 7-1%* QIQMPMOM JEWMPMXEW PETSVER YRXYO QIRKEQFMP HER QIQMPML HEXE XIVXIRXY (EXE XIVWIFYX HETEX HMXEQTMPOER FIVFIRXYO PETSVER &IVHEWEVOER PETSVER MRM TMLEO QERENIQIR HETEX QIQYXYWOER QEWEPEL ]ERK XIVOEMX HIRKER JEWMPMXEW WIGEVEGITEXEOYVEXHERVIPIZERWIGEVEonline
5.
Early Warning 7EPELWEXYOIPIFMLER7-1%*EHEPELJMXYVEarly Warning.*MXYVMRMQIQYRKOMROER FEKM OSQTYXIV YRXYO QIQTIVMRKEXOER TIRKKYRE XIRXERK NEH[EP TIVE[EXER WYEXYJEWMPMXEW]ERKLEVYWWIKIVEHMPEOYOERTEHE[EOXYXIVXIRXY
6.
Realtime 7MWXIQMRMFIVWMJEXrealtimeEVXMR]EWXEXYWEXEYOSRHMWMEXEYLEPPEMR]ERKXIVOEMX HIRKERHEXEJEWMPMXEWEHEPELWIWYEMOIEHEERR]EXEHEVMJEWMPMXEWTEHEWEEXHEXE HMEOWIW /IFIVLEWMPER realtime MRM LEVYW HMHYOYRK SPIL OIWMETER STIVEXSV TVSKVEQ YRXYO WIKIVE QIRKYTHEXI HEXE WIKIVE WIXIPEL EOXMZMXEW TIVE[EXER JEWMPMXEWHMPEOYOEREXEYWIXIPELXIVNEHMTIVYFELERHEXEHMPETERKER,EWMPOENMER
62
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TIQFERHMRKER TIRKKYREER QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER WIGEVE OSRZIRWMSREP EXEY QERYEP HIRKER TIRKKYREER 7-1%* ]ERK FIVFEWMW XIORSPSKM MRJSVQEWM HER OSQTYXIVHETEXHMPMLEXWIFEKEMFIVMOYX Input/Lihat/Cari Data Fasilitas Proses = komputerisasi T = 15 menit - 2 jam per fasilitas
Perencanaan Perawatan Fasilitas Proses = komputerisasi+manual T = 20 menit - 1 jam per fasilitas
Pelaksanaan Perawatan Fasilitas Proses = manual T = tergantung perawatan
Laporan Pelaksanaan Perawatan Proses = komputerisasi T = 1 - 2 jam per fasilitas
Lihat Data
Data Laporan
Kepala Sekolah Persetujuan Anggaran
Pelaksanaan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Data Pelaksanaan
Perawatan Preventif
Rencana Perawatan Data Fasilitas
Pelaksanaan
Penyusunan Jadwal Perawatan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Perawatan Insidentil
Data Pelaksanaan
Pelaporan Pelaksanaan Pelaksanaan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Data Pelaksanaan
Ambil Data Perawatan Berkala Manajer Perawatan
Gambar 26. Penerapan Manajemen Perawatan Secara Konvensional
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
63
Input/Lihat/Cari Data Fasilitas Proses = komputerisasi T = 1-10 menit per fasilitas
Perencanaan Perawatan Fasilitas Proses = komputerisasi+manual T = 5-20 menit per fasilitas
Pelaksanaan Perawatan Fasilitas Laporan Pelaksanaan Perawatan Proses = komputerisasi T = 1-5 menit per fasilitas
Proses = manual T = tergantung perawatan
Lihat Data
Data Laporan
Kepala Sekolah Persetujuan Anggaran
Pelaksanaan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Data Pelaksanaan
Perawatan Preventif
Rencana Perawatan Data Fasilitas
Pelaksanaan
Penyusunan Jadwal Perawatan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Perawatan Insidentil
Data Pelaksanaan
Pelaporan Pelaksanaan
Input Data Fasilitas Pelaksanaan
MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Data Pelaksanaan
Ambil Data Perawatan Berkala Operator
Manajer Perawatan
Gambar 27. Penerapan Manajemen Perawatan Berbasis ICT
G. Manajemen Penataan Fasilitas Laboratorium dan Bengkel 4VSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNETVEOXIOWERKEXHMXIRXYOERSPILOYEPMXEWHYOYRKERJEWMPMXEW]ERK HEPEQ LEP MRM EHEPEL FELER FEOY QIWMR TIVEPEXER TIVOEOEW HER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE TVEOXMO -WQEVE 4VSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNETVEOXMOERXEVEPEMREHEPELFIFEWHEVMreject, defectHERhuman error]ERKQIRHYOYRKOYEPMXEWLEWMPOIVNER]E*EWMPMXEWXIVWIFYX LEVYWHMOIPSPEHIRKERQIQERJEEXOERFIVFEKEMIPIQIRWYQFIVHE]EHIRKERTVMRWMT OSSVHMREXMJ MRXIKVEXMJ WIHIVLERE WMROVSR HER WMRIVKMW EKEV HETEX QIQMPMOM WYQFERKER]ERKWMKRMJMOERXIVLEHETTIRMRKOEXEROYEPMXEWLEWMPOIVNETVEOXMO
64
)PIQIRTIRIRXYHEPEQQERENIQIRJEWMPMXEW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 28. Elemen Kualitas Kerja Praktik
)PIQIR WYQFIV HE]E TIRIRXY OIFIVLEWMPER OIVNE TVEOXMO HM 71/ QMRMQEP EHEPEL WITIVXM+EQFEV]EMXYXIVHMVMHEVMQERYWMEFELERFEOYQIWMRQIXSHIQIQSVM EXEYMRJSVQEWM man, material, machine, method, & memory 7IGEVEPIRKOETIPIQIR TIRHYOYRKTIRMRKOEXEROYEPMXEWOIVNETVEOXMOLEVYWHMPIRKOETMHIRKERQIHMEHERE TEWEV [EOXY HER XIQTEX EXEY PMRKOYRKER OIVNE TVEOXMO media, money, market, minute & place or work environment /IWIQYER]E LEVYW HMOSSVHMREWMOER HER HMMRXIKVEWMOERWIGEVEWMROVSRWMRIVKMWIVXEWIHIVLEREEKEVHMHETEXOERWYEXYWMWXIQ OIVNE TVEOXMO ]ERK EQER R]EQER WIPEQEX MRSZEXMJ OVIEXMJ IJIOXMJ IJMWMIR HER TVSHYOXMJ 1ERYWMEHEPEQLEPMRMWMW[EMRWXVYOXYVXIORMWMHERKYVYWERKEXFIVTIVERWIFEKEM TIQSKVEQ TIRKSRXVSP HER TIPEOWERE YRXYO MXY HMFYXYLOER OSQTIXIRWM ]ERK VIPIZER]ERKHMLEWMPOERSPILTIRHMHMOERTIPEXMLERHERTIRKEPEQERWIWYEMHIRKER OSRHMWM R]EXE ]ERK HMFYXYLOER HM MRHYWXVM HI[EWE MRM 1EXIVMEP EXEY FELER FEOY QIRNEHM FEKMER ]ERKQIRIRXYOER OYEPMXEW TVSHYO FELER FEOY NIPIO LEWMPR]E NYKE EOER NIPIO8IVOEMX HIRKER QERENIQIR TIREXEER FELER FEOY TIVPY HMXEXE HIRKER VETMHERNIPEWOIFIVEHEERR]EWIVXEQYHELHMEQFMPEXEYHMOIXELYMNYQPELR]EEKEV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
65
XMHEOQIRNEHMTIRKLEQFEXTVSWIWTVSHYOWMHEPEQOIKMEXEROIVNETVEOXMO(EPEQLEP MRM OIWEPELER EXEY PEQER]E [EOXY TIRKEQFMPER FELER FEOY ]ERK HMOEVIREOER TIREXEER ]ERK OYVERK FEMO QIRNEHM JEOXSV TIR]IFEF VIRHELR]E OYEPMXEW OIVNE TVEOXMOHERQIRMQFYPOERTIQFSVSWERHEVMWMWMTIRHEREERSTIVEWMSREP7MWEFELER FEOY HER EPEX ]ERK FIVWIVEOER EXEY QIRKSXSVM XIQTEX OIVNE EOER QIRNEHM TIRKKERKKYWIVXEFIVTSXIRWMWIFEKEMWYQFIVOIGIPEOEEROIVNE 1IWMREOERWERKEXQIRIRXYOERLEWMPOIVNETVEOXMOQIWMR]ERKOYVERKXIVE[EXEOER QIRMQFYPOER OIVYWEOER ]ERK FIVOIPERNYXER QIRNEHM FIVTSXIRWM WIFEKEM WYQFIV FELE]EOIGIPEOEEREXEYOIWILEXEROIVNEHERQIQFYEXLEWMPOIVNEQIRNEHMXMHEO FIVOYEPMXEW1MWEPR]EFER]EOXIVNEHMLYQERIVVSVVINIGXEXEYHIJIGXHEPEQTVSWIW TIQFYEXER TVSHYO &IKMXY TYPE TIREXEER TIRIQTEXER EXEY lay-out QIWMR EOER QIRMQFYPOER TIQFSVSWER [EOXY STIVEWMSREP HER FIVTSXIRWM WIFEKEM TIR]IFEF OIGIPEOEEROIVNE9RXYOMXYQIWMRTIVPYHMXEXEHIRKERVETMHERVMRKOEWWIVXEHMVE[EX HIRKER VIWMO HER VENMR ,EP MRM XIVOEMX HIRKER OSRHMWM TIRIQTEXER SXSQEWM HER MRWTIOWMHIRKERVENMRHEPEQLEPMRMTIVPYHMXIQTIPOERHEJXEVGLIGOPMWXHERWMETE]ERK FIVXERKKYRKNE[EFHMQIWMRXIVWIFYX 1IXSHI OIVNE HER FEKEMQERE TVSWIHYV FEOY TIRKKYREER QIWMR EXEY TVSWIW TVSHYOWMHIRKERWILEXEQERHERWIPEQEXWILEVYWR]EHMMRJSVQEWMOERHIRKERNIPEW HMHIOEX QIWMR HM VYERK OIVNE TVEOXMO EKEV WIXMET WMW[E HETEX HIRKER WIKIVE QIRKIVXM QIRKLE]EXM HER QIQMPMOM FYHE]E TIRKKYREER QIWMR HIRKER FEMO WILMRKKEEOERQIRKYVERKMreject & defectHEPEQOIVNETVEOXMO-RJSVQEWMHEPEQLEP MRM XIVQEWYO FEKEMQERE TIXYRNYO OIWIPEQEXER HER OIWILEXER OIVNE IZEOYEWM FMPE XIVNEHMFIRGEREWMOETOIVNE]ERKTVSHYOXMJHERMRJSXIRXERKWTIWMJMOEWMFELERFEOY QIWMR WIVXE WXERHEV OYEPMXEW LEWMP OIVNE TVEOXMO 8IVQEWYO HEPEQ LEP MRM EHEPEL TI[EVREER ]ERK QIRGSPSO HER XIVWXERHEV XIVLEHET TMRXY HEVYVEX PSVSRK YRXYO XVERWTSVXEWMFELEREXEYQIWMREPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHERXIQTEXXIQTEX]ERK HMRMPEMHETEXQIRNEHMERGEQEROIWILEXERHEROIWIPEQEXEROIVNE1IHME]ERKXITEX HERFIREV]ERKHEPEQLEPMRMEHEPELNIPEWWIHIVLEREQYHELHMFEGEQYHELHMMRKEX HIRKERGITEXHERVIPIZEREXEYFIREVFIREVHMTIVPYOERWMW[EHERKYVYWIPEQEOIVNE TVEOXMO4EWEVOIVNEHEPEQLEPMRMXIVOEMXHIRKERmarket driven,EXEYWTIWMJMOEWMHER WXERHEV OYEPMXEW LEWMP OIVNE TVEOXMO WIVXE OSQTIXIRWM ]ERKHMFYXYLOER SPIL TEWEV WIFEKEMTIRKKYRESYXTYXHERSYXGSQI71/MinuteFYOERLER]EHMQEOREMWIFEKEM
66
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
OIXIVFEXEWER[EOXYWILEVYWR]EWIXMETOIVNETVEOXMOHMYOYVOIGITEXEROIEOYVEXER HER OYEPMXEW TVSHYOR]E HER HMPIRKOETM PETSVER OVSRSPSKM WIGEVE HIXEMP XIVQEWYO TIRKKYREEREPEXFELERFEOY]ERKHMWIFYXWIFEKEMminute
Gambar 29. Lingkungan Yang Nyaman
0MRKOYRKERXIQTEXOIVNEWIPEQEMRMFIPYQFIKMXYHMTIVLEXMOERXIVQEWYOHEPEQ LEPMRMEHEPELWMWEFELERFEOYWEQTELXYQTELERSPMOIWIQVE[YXERVYERKOIVNE TVEOXMO EWET HIFY PMQFEL ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER HER QIRMQFYPOER ERGEQER OIWILEXEROIVNEZIRXMPEWMYHEVEXIQTIVEXYVYHEVETIRGELE]EERVYERKOIVNEFEY ]ERKQIR]IRKEXVEHMEWMWMREVEXEYTEREWEXEYPE]SYXMRKVYERKOIVNETVEOXMO HERPEMRPEMR]ERKHETEXQIR]IFEFOERWYEWEREQIRNEHMOYVERKR]EQERXMHEO WILEXQIRMQFYPOERERGEQEROIWIPEQEXEROIVNE/IWIQYER]ETEWXMHMXIRXYOER NYKE SPIL OIXIVWIHMEER HERE TIRHYOYRK ]ERK LEVYW HMYTE]EOER HIRKER PIFML OVIEXMJHERTVSHYOXMJQIPEPYMYRMXTVSHYOWM]ERKFIV[E[EWER[MVEYWELE71/
4IREXEERJEWMPMXEW QIWMREPEXTIVOEOEWHERPMRKOYRKERXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO 7XERHEV MRHYWXVM ]ERK HMKYREOER HEPEQ QERENIQIR TIREXEER WITIVXM OENMER TYWXEOE WIFIPYQR]E EHEPEL HIRKER TIRHIOEXER QERENIQIR QERENIQIR TIVFEMOERFIVOIPERNYXEROLYWYWR]E6]EMXYVMRKOEWVETMVIWMOVE[EXHERVENMR 6TEHEHEWEVR]EQIVYTEOERTVSWIWTIVYFELERWMOETXIVOEMXHIRKERTIREXEER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
67
perawatan dan kebersihan tempat kerja. Prinsip yang diterapkan adalah “A place for everything, and everything in its place”QEOEWIXMETSVERKHMFMEWEOERFIOIVNE HEPEQ PMRKOYRKER OIVNE HIRKER WXERHEV XIQTEX ]ERK NIPEW ]ERK EOER QIRHYOYRK STIVEWM OIVNE QIRNEHM PIFML TVSHYOXMJ IJIOXMJ HER IJMWMIR HIRKER FIOIVNEPIFMLGITEXEOYVEXHERVIPIZER,EWMPTIRKEQEXERQIPMTYXMLEWMPOENMER XIVLEHETHEXEHSOYQIRXEWMJSXSKVEJMHERLEWMPMWMER field note HEVMTIRKEQEXER HERLEWMP[E[ERGEVEWIGEVEQIRHEPEQHIRKERTIRKYVYW71/(EXEHEVMHEJXEV MWMER checklist ]ERKHMKYREOERWIFEKEMTIHSQER[E[ERGEVEQIRHEPEQNYKE XIPEL HMMWM WMPERK SPIL TIRKYVYW 71/ [EPEYTYR XIVNEHM WIHMOMX OIGIRHIVYRKER YRXYOFMEW &IVHEWEVOERTIRKEQEXERQIRHEPEQHMFIRKOIPHERPEFSVEXSVMYQ71/MRHYWXVM ]ERK HMKYREOER WIFEKEM WEQTIP XIVHETEX XMXMO XERKOETER ]ERK WYHEL QIQIRYLM W]EVEX WXERHEV HEWEV QERENIQIR TIREXEER EXEY WIOMXEV 8IVHETEX XMXMO XERKOETER ]ERK WERKEX XMHEO QIQIRYLM WXERHEV FELOER HMOEXEKSVMOERHETEXQIRNEHMWYQFIVFELE]EHEVMXMXMOXERKOETHSOYQIRXEWM JSXS]ERKXIPELHMVIHYOWMHEVMHEXEQIRXELWIFER]EOXMXMOXERKOETERHEVM LEWMP TIRKEQEXER QIRHEPEQ 7MWER]E HEPEQ OEXEKSVM OYVERK HER GYOYT QIQIRYLMWXERHEV WILMRKKEQEWMLHETEXHMOIQFERKOERPIFMLFEMOPEKM EXEY QEWML HETEX HMTIVFEMOM ,EWMP MRM FIVFIHE HIRKER OENMER OYERXMXEXMJ ]ERK HMMWM VIWTSRHIR TIRKIPSPE71/ HERMWMERLEWMPTIRKEQEXQIRHEPEQSPILTIXYKEW TIRKEQFMPHEXE[EPEYTYRLEPMRMQEWMLHEPEQXSPIVERWMOI[ENEVERXIVLEHETFMEW ]ERKXIVNEHM Tabel 6. Hasil Pengamatan 5R
7YQFIVHEXE
*SVQEX
6MRKOEW
6ETM
6IWMO
6E[EX
6ENMR
6IWTSRHIR
)
4IRKEQEX
)
6IWSRHIR
*
4IRKEQEX
*
8EFIP HM EXEW QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E XIVHETEX FMEW HEVM LEWMP TIRKEQEXER QIRHEPEQSPILTIXYKEWTIRKEQFMPHEXE HMVYERKOERXSV JSVQEXMWMER) ]ERK XIVOEMX8IVR]EXE HEVM TIRHIOEXER VMRKOEW VETM VIWMOXIVQEWYO HEPEQ OEXEKSVM WMET YRXYO HMFMRE EKEV PIFML QIRIVETOER 8ELET VE[EX HER VENMR XIVQEWYO
68
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
OEXEKSVM WYHEL HMXIVETOER HIRKER WERKEX XIVFEXEW HER HETEX HMOIQFERKOER PIFML PERNYX 2MPEM TIRIVETER 6 HM FIRKOIP HER PEFSVEXSVMYQ HMRMPEM WIHERK WIHERKWENEHEPEQTIRIVETERXIVR]EXEXIVQEWYOOIHEPEQOEXEKSVMWYHELWMET HMFMRE YRXYO QIQYPEM QIRIVETOERR]E &IVHEWEVOER LEWMP OENMER OYERXMXEXMJ QIRKKYREOER -RWXVYQIRX ) HER * HMHETEXOER FEL[E VIWTSRHIR ]ERK WYHEL QYPEMQIRIVETOERFYHE]E6EHEPELVIWTSRHIR]ERKQIQMPMOMWOSVPIFMLHEVM QEOEHMHETEXOERLEWMPWFF .YQPELVIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELQIRIVETOERFYHE]E 6 VIWTSRHIR.YQPELVIWTSRHIRWIPYVYLR]E VIWTSRHIRNEHMEHE VIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELQYPEMQIRIVETOERFYHE]E66IWTSRHIR]ERKXIPEL HMERKKETWMETYRXYOHMOIQFERKOERYRXYOQIRIVETOERFYHE]E6]EMXY .YQPEL VIWTSRHIR VIWTSRHIR.YQPELVIWTSRHIRWIPYVYLR]E VIWTSRHIRNEHMEHE VIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELWMETYRXYOQIRIVETOERFYHE]E6HIRKERPIFML FEMO 7OSVXIVXMRKKMTEHEVYERKOERXSVPEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYFIRKOIPEHEPELTIRIVETER FYHE]EVE[EXHIRKERWOSV WIHERKOERWOSVXIVIRHELEHEPELFYHE]EVMRKOEW VIWMO HER VETM ,EP MRM HMWIFEFOER QEWML FER]EO FEVERK ]ERK WYHEL XMHEO HMTIVPYOERXIXETMQEWMLHMWMQTERHERFIVWIVEOERHMHEPEQOERXSVPEFSVEXSVMYQ EXEY FIRKOIP WILMRKKE VYERK XIVOIWER WERKEX OSXSV WIQTMX HER WIQVE[YX OEVIREXIVPEPYFER]EOFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMKYREOERFIVEHEHMHEPEQVYERKLEPMRM HMFYOXMOER HIRKER HEXE HSOYQIRXEWM JSXS ,EWMP OENMER HEXE OYERXMXEXMJ QIRKKYREOERMRWXVYQIRX*]EMXYHEVMTIRKEQEXERQIRHEPEQHMVYERKTVEOXMO PEFSVEXSVMYQ HER FIRKOIP ]ERK HMMWM SPIL VIWTSRHIR HER TIXYKEW TIRKEQFMP HEXE XIVR]EXE VIWTSRHIR ]ERK WYHEL QYPEM QIRIVETOER FYHE]E 6 EHEPEL VIWTSRHIR ]ERK QIQMPMOM WOSV PIFML HEVM QEOE HMHETEXOER LEWMP .YQPEL VIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELQIRIVETOERFYHE]E6 VIWTSRHIR.YQPELVIWTSRHIR WIPYVYLR]E VIWTSRHIREHE VIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELQYPEMQIRIVETOER FYHE]E 6 6IWTSRHIR ]ERK WYHEL WMET YRXYO HMFMRE EKEV HETEX QIRIVETOER FYHE]E 6PIFMLFEMOEHEPELVIWTSRHIR]ERKQIQMPMOMWOSVPIFMLHEVMQEOE HMHETEXOER LEWMP WFF .YQPEL VIWTSRHIR VIWTSRHIR .YQPEL VIWTSRHIR WIPYVYLR]E VIWTSRHIR.EHMEHE VIWTSRHIR]ERKWYHELWMETYRXYO HMFMREEKEVHETEXQIRIVETOERFYHE]E6HIRKERPIFMLFEMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
69
&IVHEWEVOER LEWMP TIRKEQEXER QIRHEPEQ QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E TIREXEER QIWMR EPEX TIVOEOEW HER PMRKOYRKER XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO QEWML TIVPY HMXMRKOEXOERHIRKERQIQEWYOOEROVMXIVMEOIGITEXEROIXITEXERHERVIPIZERWM EXEYOIQYHELERHEPEQQIRKEQFMPWIVXEQIRKKYREOERR]E7MWXIQTIRERHEER EXEYTIRKOSHIERTI[EVREERHERGEVETIPIXEOER]ERKIVKSRSQMGFIVHEWEVOER 6EXEYQIRHYOYRKOIR]EQERERMRXIVEOWMQERYWMEEPEXHERQERYWMEQIWMR TIVPYHMOIQFERKOER/VMXIVMEPEMR]ERKTIVPYHMKYREOERHEPEQTIREXEEREHEPEL OIWILEXERHEROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEHEPEQTIRKKYREERQIWMREPEXHERTIVOEOEW OEVIRE HMPIXEOOER HIRKER XITEX WILMRKKE XMHEO QIRMQFYPOER KERKKYER HER QMWJYRKWM %WTIO PEMR ]ERK TIVPY HMOIQFERKOER HER HMXIVETOER ERXEVE PEMR EHEPELXIVOEMXHIRKERPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMO8IVQEWYOHEPEQLEPMRMEHEPEL TIRGELE]EER ZIRXMPEWM YRXYO QIRKEXYV YHEVE OSXSV HER FIVWML XIQTIVEXYV VYERKEROIFMWMRKERVEHMEWMEWETEXEYYETFIVEGYRWIVXEHIFYEXEYPMQFEL FIVFELE]E PEMRR]E %PEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM HMWIHMEOER YRXYO QIRGIKEL XIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEEROIVNE%PEXHERFELER]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYOTIVXSPSRKERTIVXEQE TEHE OIGIPEOEER PIFML FEMO NMOE HMPIRKOETM HIRKER YWELE OIWILEXER WIOSPEL HMPIRKOETM HIRKER TIRKIRHEPMER TSXIRWM FELE]E OIFEOEVER WITIVXM EPEX TIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHIXIOXSVOIFEOEVERTMRXYEXEYVYXIHEVYVEXHERTVSWIHYV IZEOYEWM HEVYVEX NMOE XIVNEHM FIRGERE XIVQEWYO OIFEOEVER /IQYHMER WIPEPY HMMRKEXOERHIRKERFIVFEKEMTSWXIVEXEYXERHEFELE]EHERTI[EVREERWXERHEV XIVLEHETWYQFIVTSXIRWMFELE]E 4EFVMOTEFVMO TEHE MRHYWXVM QENY WERKEXPEL QIQTIVLEXMOER QEWEPEL TIRKIGEXERWIWYEMWXERHEVH[EVREMRXIVREWMSREPWITIVXM[EVREQIVELYRXYOLEP LEP ]ERK XIVOEMX HIRKER HEVYVEX HER FELE]E 8YNYER [EVRE GEX WIPEMR YRXYO QIQTIVMRHEL TEFVMO WIOEPMKYW QIQFIVMOER QERJEEXQERJEEX PEMR 1IPMTYXM EWTIOTIQFIHEEREWTIOIVKSRSQMWEWTIOWMR]EPXERHEFELE]E1MWEPR]EYRXYO QIQTIVMRHEL VYERKER QIQTIVQYHEL SVERK QIRGEVM QIQTIVQYHEL SVERK QIQFIHEOER QIQFYEX SVERK QYHEL QIQELEQM WMXYEWM ]ERK EHE HM EVIE XIVWIFYXWILMRKKEXITEXHEPEQQIRKEQFMPWMOETEXEYXMRHEOERHERQIQFYEX SVERKPIFMLEQERWIVXER]EQERWEEXFIOIVNETVEOXMO 4I[EVREER PEQTY TEHE traffict light 1IVEL/YRMRK,MNEY HETEX QIQFIVMOER HEQTEO FIWEV TEHE TIQFYHE]EER OIXIVEXYVER HER OIWIPEQEXER ]ERK WERKEX
70
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
PYEV FMEWE FEKM TEVE TIRKKYRE NEPER ;EVRE XIVWIFYX HETEX QIRKIRHEPMOER JYRKWM OSRXVSP EVYW PEPY PMRXEW XERTE QIRKKYREOER SVERK HIRKER WSWMEPMWEWM ]ERKWERKEXWIHIVLEREQIQFYEXWIQYESVERKQYHELQIQELEQMR]EFELOER NMOE EHE SVERK ]ERK QIPERKKEV OSRXVSP WSWMEP EOER FIVPEOY SVERK PEMR EOER QIRGMFMV FELOER QIRGEGM QEOMR]E 4IQFYHE]EER OIVNE TVSJIWWMSREP HER TVSHYOXMJ HM TEFVMO WYHEL WIPE]EOR]E HMOSRHMWMOER HM 71/ EKEV PYPYWER HETEX QIQMPMOMmind-WIXXMRK]ERKVIPIZER4IRKIGEXERHEPEQXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOHM 71/ WITIVXM LEPR]E FIRKOIP HER PEFSVEXSVMYQ HMLEVETOER HETEX QIRGEOYT EWTIOOIMRHELERHEROIFIVWMLERIVKSRSQMWWMR]EPXERHEFELE]EOIWIPEQEXER HEROIWILEXEROIVNEOSRXVSPXIVLEHETOIWEPELEROIXIVEXYVERHEROIWIVEKEQER 7IQYE EWTIO XIVWIFYX HMLEVETOER HETEX XIVEOSQSHMV HIRKER EHER]E WMWXIQ TIRKIGEXEREXEYTI[EVREERPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOHM71/WITIVXMLEPR]E PEQTYPEPYPMRXEWXIVWIFYX Obyek di lingkungan kerja praktik yang perlu dicat antara lain adalah: E
%XET FMEWER]EHMFIVM[EVRETYXMLNMOEQIQEOEMTPEJSROEVIREEVIER]E]ERK GYOYTPYEWWILMRKKEFME]ER]EPIFMLVMRKER
F
(MRHMRK ]ERK YQYQ HMTEOEM EHEPEL [EVRE TYXML OEVIRE EOER WERKEX QIPIOEXOIWERFIVWMLYRXYOWIQYEVYERKNMOE[EVREHMRHMRKR]EHMFYEXTYXML FIVWML %RHEMOEXE XIVNEHM LEP XMHEO FEMO QIWMR QMVMRK VEO QMVMRK XERKKE QMVMRKFEVERKOSXSVEOERWERKEXQYHELHMPMLEXHERWIKIVEHMEQFMPXMRHEOER PIFMLPERNYX
F
0ERXEM FMEWER]E HMFIHEOER QIRNEHM XMKE QEGEQ ]EMXY PERXEM ]ERK HMTEOEM NEPERYRXYOYQYQ LMNEYPERXEMYRXYOTEVOMVEPEXXVERWTSVXEWM SVER]IPERXEM YRXYOEVIEQIWMRHERSVERKFIOIVNE QIVELEXEYGSOPEXXYE4IQFIHEER [EVREXIVWIFYXNMOEEHETIRKYRNYRKEXEYXEQYEOERHIRKERQYHELQIPMLEX FEL[EHMELER]EFSPILHMMNMROERQIRKMRNEOPERXEMHIRKER[EVRELMNEYWENE
G
1IWMRFMEWER]EHMFIHEOERERXEVE[EVREEWPMR]EHEVMTEFVMO]ERKQIQFYEX HER[EVRETYXML NMOEQIWMRXIVWIFYXFYEXEREXEYLEWMPVIOE]EWEWIRHMVM
H
4MTE FMEWER]EHMHEPEQTEFVMOXIVHETEXFIVFEKEMQEGEQTMTE]ERKMWMR]E PEMRPEMR EHER]E MWMR]E EMV &MVY PEYX KEW (light pink) WSPEV (Vermillion), FIRWMR(salem green)YHEVE(Suoer white);EVRETMTER]ELEVYWHMFIHEOER EKEVWIQYESVERKHETEXQIQELEQMWILMRKKEHETEXQIRKEQFMPWMOET]ERK FIREVXIVLEHETR]E4MTEXIVWIFYXNYKEHMPIRKOETMEVELEPMVERHIRKERXERHE EREOTEREL
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
71
0MRKOYRKER OIVNE TVEOXMO HM 71/ WIPEMR TIRKIGEXER LEPLEP XIVWIFYX TIVPY HMPIRKOETMTYPEHIRKERFIVFEKEMTETERMRJSVQEWMWITIVXMLEPR]E4ETER2EQE 6YERK 4ETER 4IRYRNYO %VEL 4ETER 2EQE &PSO %VIE HER TETER MRJSVQEWM XIVOEMXHIRKEROSRHMWMHEVYVEXHERFELE]EQMWEPR]ETMRXYHEVYVEX]ERKFIV[EVRE QIVEL HER NEPYV IZEOYEWM NMOE XIVNEHM FIRGERE KIQTE EXEY OIFEOEVER ,EWMP TIRKEQEXER QIRHEPEQ QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E EWTIO OIFIVWMLER QEWML HETEX HMXMRKOEXOER EKEV HETEX QIQIRYLM WXERHEV ]EMXY HIRKERQIPIRKOETM JEWMPMXEW TIRIQTEXERTIRKERKOYXERHERTIRKSPELERPMQFELOIVNETVEOXMOHERWEQTEL PEMRR]E4IRMRKOEXERTIRKE[EWERXIVLEHETXYQTELERHEROIFSGSVERTIPYQEW EXEYSPMHERGEMVERPEMR]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYOTVEOXMOOIVNE8IVQEWYOHEPEQ LEP MRM EHEPEL JEWMPMXEW OEQEV QERHM ]ERK FIPYQ QIQEHEM HER XIVNEKE OIFIVWMLERR]E1E]SVMXEWXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOQEWMLQIRKMNMROERMRWXVYOXYVR]E KYVYHERXIORMWMQIVSOSOHMXIQTEXTVEOXMOEHEPELTIQFYHE]EEROYVERKFIVWML ]ERKHETEXFIVHEQTEOPERKWYRKXIVLEHETTVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNEHERQIRKYVERKM OIYRKKYPEROSQTIXMXMJEREOHMHMO ,EWMP XIVWIFYX QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E QEWML TIVPY EHE TIRMRKOEXER TIQFIVMER TIRKIXELYER XIRXERK WXERHEV TIREXEER WITIVXM ]ERK HMKYREOER SPIL MRHYWXVM QENY 7IPERNYXR]E TIVPY TIQFIVMER OIXIVEQTMPER TIRIVETER WMWXIQ TIREXEER ]ERKXIVWXERHEVHERFEKEMQEREOMEXTIQFYHE]EERR]EXIVLEHETWIPYVYLWMW[E KYVY HER XIORMWM HIRKER QIRKKYREOER WXERHEV 6 (MPIRKOETM HIRKER WMWXIQ TIRKSRXVSPERFIVOEPEEXEYEYHMXHERGLIGOPMWXYRXYOTIREXEERFIVOIPERNYXER 8IVYXEQE HER XIVQEWYO HEPEQ LEP MRM EHEPEL QI]EOMROER XIRXERK TIRXMRKR]E TIREXEER ]ERK XIVWXERHEV ]EMXY TIRKLIQEXER [EOXY STIVEWM TIRKLMPERKER TIRKYPERKER XMRHEOER ]ERK XMHEO TIVPY OIXITEXER TIRKEQFMPER EPEX TIVOEOEW WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER QIRMRKOEXOER YQYV TIQEOEMER EPEX TIVOEOEW (EQTEOR]E EHEPEL TIRMRKOEXER RMPEM OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE WIVXE QIRMRKOEXOER TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIVNE WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL FIVEVXM HETEX QIRIOER OIVYKMER reject, defect EXEY human error HER QIREMOOER OIYRXYRKER VIPEXMJ 8IVOEMXHEPEQHYRMETIRHMHMOEREOERFIVHEQTEOXIVLEHETTIQFIRXYOERWMOET OIVNE ]ERK IJIOXMJ IJMWMIR HER TVSHYOXMJ WILMRKKE PYPYWERR]E EOER QIQMPMOM OIYRKKYPEROSQTIXMXMJHMXIQTEXOIVNE
72
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
7IWYEM HIRKER OENMER HYOYRKER QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER QEOE TIVPYHMFIRXYOXMQTIRKIPSPETIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERHIRKERLMVEVOM]ERKXIKEW QYPEMHEVMWEXKEW]ERKXIVHMVMHEVMWMWM[EXIORMWMKYVYHERNENEVERTMQTMRER]ERK FIVXYKEW YRXYO QIRKSRXVSP QIRKEYHMX QIVIRGEREOER HER QIPEOWEREOER TVSWIWQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERNMOETIVPYHMOEMXOERHIRKERFMHERK YWELETVSHYOWMWIOSPELYRXYOWYWXEMREFMPMXEWTIR]IHMEERHERE
4IRKIQFERKERQSHIPTIREXEERPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMO 4IPYERK TIREXEER YPERK PMRKOYRKER OIVNE TVEOXMO WIFEKEM GSRXSL QIWMR QIVYTEOER LEWMP OENMER HEXE XIVWIFYX YRXYO QIRGEVM OIQYRKOMRER HMPEOYOER WYEXY TIVFEMOER 8ELET TIREXEER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE TVEOXMO WIFEKEM GSRXSL QIWMRMRHYWXVMTEHEXELETERMRMQIRYVYX-WQEVE WIFEMOR]EQIRKKYREOER TIRHIOEXER )''7 (Eliminate, Combine, Change, dan Simplify) 4IRNEFEVERR]E WIGEVE XIVTIVMRGM WIFEKEM FIVMOYX )PMQMREWM YWELE IPMQMREWM XIVHMVM HEVM TIRKIRGIVER (dilution), WMVOYPEWM YHEVE (ventilastion), TIR]IOEXER (isolation), TIRKYVERKER(reduction). 1EWMRKQEWMRKQIXSHIHETEXHMPEOYOERHIRKERGEVE QERHMVM XIVWIRHMVM EXEYHIRKERGEVEOSQFMREWM7EEXXIVNEHMTVSWIWTIRKIPEWER FELE]E]ERKXMQFYPFIVQEGEQQEGEQVEHMEWMKEWHIFYOIFMWMRKERHERPEMR]E /IWIQYER]EHETEXQIRYQFYPOERFELE]EFEKMWMW[ETVEOXMOERQEOEHIRKER HEWEVMXYTIVPYHMPEOYOERXMRHEOERTIRGIKELERXIVLEHETFELE]E]ERKQYRKOMR EOERXMQFYP
Gambar 30. Ilustrasi Bahaya Radiasi
4IVYFELER TIRKKERXMER HER TIR]IHIVLEREER 1IWMR QIWMR TEHE WEEX TVSWIW TIRKIPEWER]ERKTSXIRWMEPXIVLEHETFELE]E HIFYKEWVEHMEWMHEROIFMWMRKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
73
LIRHEOR]E WIKIVE HMEXEWM 7EPEL WEXY GEVER]E EHEPEL HIRKER QIVYFEL EXEY QIRKKERXM WMWXIQ QIWMR TIVPIRKOETER HIRKER LEWMP VIOE]EWE ]ERK QEQTY QIRKIPMQMREWM WYQFIV FELE]E XIVWIFYX 4IVYFELER HIRKER TIR]IHIVLEREER EXEY TIRKKERXMER XIVWIFYX LEVYW XIXET FIVSVMIRXWM OITEHE TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIR]EQERER OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE TVEOXMO 4VSXIOWM HER TIVPMRHYRKER TVSXIOWM EXEY TIVPMRHYRKER HMWMRM HMSVMIRXEWMOER OITEHE WMW[E TVEOXMOER TVEOXMO HIRKER QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM EXEY QIPMRHYRKM QIWMR HEVM WIRXYLER QERYWME 1MWEPR]E EOMFEX FELE]E VEHMEWM WEEX TVSWIW TIRKIPEWER QEOE HMWIOMXEV QIWMR XIVWIFYX HMFIVM TVSXIOWM HIRKER MWSPEWM VYERKER /SQFMREWM 4IRGIKELER TIR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE TVEOXMO HETEX HMPEOYOER HIRKER OSQFMREWM FIVFEKEM QIXSHI TIRHIOEXER 1MWEPR]E TETEVER HIFY HETEX HMKYREOERMWSPEWMZIRXMPEWMSXSQEWMEPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMEXEYHIRKEROSQFMREWM PEMR (MFE[EL MRM EOER HMTETEVOER GSRXSL KEQFEV PMRKOYRKER OIVNE ]ERK WILEVYWR]EHMXIVETOERHMXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXIO71/
Gambar 31. Lantai Bengkel Yang Berserakan
4IR]MQTERER HER TIREXEER FEVERK ]ERK PIFML XIVSVKERMWMV HER VETM EOER QIQYHELOER YRXYO HMGEVM HMEQFMP HER HMKYREOER HIRKER GITEX EOYVEX HER VIPIZER 4IVWIHMEER FELER FEOY ]ERK FIVPIFMLER QIVYTEOER TIQFSVSWER OEVIRE QIQIVPYOER XIQTEX VYERK TIR]MQTERER TIRGEXEXER TIRERKERER QSHEP HER FELERFELER GIRHIVYRK FIVOEVEX VYWEO EXEY QIRNEHM EYW HER
74
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
OIXMRKKEPER^EQER1IPIXEOEREXEYQIRMRKKEPOERFELEROSQTSRIRHEREPEX OIVNEHMVYERKEROIVNETVEOXMOEOERQIRKYVERKMXIQTEXYRXYOOIKMEXERTVSHYOWM HER XIVPMLEX WIQVE[YX &IVHEWEVOER LEWMP TIRKEQEXER QIRHEPEQ ]ERK HMPIRKOETMHIRKERHEXEHSOYQIRXEWMJSXSXIVHETEXWIQFMPERFIPEWTIVWIR XIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO]ERKQIQMPMOMWMXYEWMOSRHMWMXMHEOOSRHYWMJ8IVPMLEXFER]EO FELER FEOY QIWMR TIVOEOEW TIVEPEXER ]ERK XMHEO XIVXEXE HIRKER VETM FELOER WIFEKMER FIVWIVEOER HMPERXEM ]ERK OSXSV &ER]EO FEVERK FIVWIVEOER HM PERXEM FIRKOIP EOER HETEX QIRMRKOEXOER OIQYRKOMRER EPEX HER FELER LMPERK 4EVE WMW[ETVEOXMOERQIQIVPYOERQEOMRFER]EO[EOXY]ERKFIVLEVKEYRXYOQIRGEVM FEVERK]ERKHMTIVPYOEREXEYXIVTEOWEQIRKKYREOEREPEXTIVOEOEWHERFELER FEOY]ERKXMHEOWIWYEMJYRKWMEXEYTIVYRXYOERR]EWILMRKKEEOERQIRYVYROER OYEPMXEW LEWMP OIVNE TVEOXMO HER FELOER HETEX QIRMQFYPOER OIVYWEOER reject, defect HERhuman error WIVXEOIGIPEOEEROIVNE7MWXIQTIREXEERQIWMRTIVOEOEW EPEX HER JEWMPMXEW PEMR QIVYTEOER TIRHYOYRK TIRMRKOEXER OYEPMXEW LEWMP OIVNE TVEOXMOHM71/EKEVlink HER matchHIRKERTEWEVOIVNEMRHYWXVM
Gambar 32. Lantai Bengkel Setelah Barang-Barang di5Rkan
4IVYWELEER MRHYWXVM ]ERK QSHIVR HER IJMWMIR HEPEQ QIQTVEOXMOOER QIXSHI TIVWIHMEERXITEX[EOXYEXEY]ERKHMWIFYXjust in timeFIKMXYTYPEWMWXIQOIVNE TVEOXMO HM 71/ XMHEO EHE FELER FEOY EXEY WMWE PMQFELR]E ]ERK FIVEHE HM VYERKEROIVNETVEOXMOEXEYTVSHYOWMWEQTEMWEXYNEQWIFIPYQHMTIVPYOER71/ ]ERKYRKKYPHEROSQTIXMXMJHEPEQFIVWEMRKHERlink &QEXGLHIRKERTEWEVOIVNE HMMRHYWXV]WYHELWILEVYWR]EQIQMPMOMTSPETIQMOMVER]ERKWEQEJMPSWSJMjust in time 6YERK OIVNE TVEOXMO QIQMPMOM WYEWERE OIVNE ]ERK R]EQER FIVWML FELER FEOY HER QIWMR XIVXEXE HIRKER VETM VIWMO HER XIVE[EX HIRKER VENMR WILMRKKE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
75
QIRMRKOEXOEROYEPMXEWLEWMPTVSHYOWMOIVNETVEOXMOHIRKERPIFMLTVSHYOXMJIJIOXMJ HERIJMWMIRHEREOERQIRNEQMROIWILEXERWIVXEOIWIPEQEXEROIVNE 71/TEHEYQYQR]EWIVMRKOYVERKHMTIVLEXMOERTIR]IHMEERPSVSRKNEPERYRXYO PEPY PMRXEW FELER ]ERK IJMWMIR HER EQER 0SVSRK NEPER GIRHIVYRK HMTIRYLM HIRKER FELERFELER HER WMWEWMWE LEWMP OIVNE TVEOXMO 0SVSRK NEPER LEVYW HMXIRXYOERTIRKKYREERHEROIFIVWMLERR]EHIRKERNIPEW1ERENIQIRTIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW TIRHYOYRK TVSHYOWM HM XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO TIVPY HMTIVFEMOM TIQFEKMER VYERKER TIRKEXYVER TIRKERKOYXER HEPEQ TEFVMO VYXI TVSHYOWMHERTVEWEVEREKIHYRKXIVQEWYOXIQTEXKERXMTEOEMEROEQEVQERHM HER XIQTEX TIRERKERER OIWILEXER OIVNE NMOE XIVNEHM OIGIPEOEER YWELE OIWILEXER WIOSPEL 4IREXEER XIQTEX OIVNE HMEXYV WIHIQMOMER VYTE EKEV XMHEO XIVOIWERFIVHIWEOERHERXERTEEHEXIQTEXYRXYOXEQFELERWMW[E TVEOXMOER EXEYTVSHYOWM]ERKEOERFIVOIQFERK&IVXYNYERYRXYOQIRKLMRHEVMXYQTYOER FEVERK]ERKQIRKLEPERKMPSVSRKNEPERHERHMNEKEEKEVXIXETFIVWMLEXEYFIFEW LEQFEXERYRXYOXVERWTSVXEWMFEVERKQIWMRHERSVERK 4EKEV TIPMRHYRK EXEY XERHE TIVMRKEXER XIVXIRXY HMTEWERK HM XIQTEXXIQTEX FIVFELE]EWITIVXMTYXEVERVSHEKMKMQIWMRJEWMPMXEWPMWXVMOFIVXIKERKERXERKKE XMOYRKER EXEY PSVSRK NEPER ]ERK FIVEHE HMWMWM WXEWMYR OIVNE &IVMOER XERHE HIRKERXYPMWERHER[EVRE]ERKNIPEWEKEVQYHELHMPMLEXHMTELEQMHMLE]EXMHER HMPEOWEREOERSPILWMW[EKYVYHERXIORMWMHM71/7IXMETSVERKLEVYWQIQEXYLM TIRKKYREER PSVSRK NEPER HER XMHEO FSPIL EHE ]ERK QIREVYL WIWYEXY FEVERK FELERFEOYTIVOEOEWTIVEPEXERQIWMROIVNEOSXSVERTYRXYRKEXEYEFYVSOSO HMWIQFEVERKEROIGYEPMHMXIQTEX]ERKHMXIRXYOER
76
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 33. Penataan Tempat Kerja Praktik
+YREOERQIWMREPEXTVSHYOWMHERJEWMPMXEWTIR]MQTERER]ERKQYHELHMVEOMXHER HMFSRKOEVWIVXEHMXEXEHIRKERVETM&IVMOERTVIJIVIRWMTEHETIVEPEXERQSHYPEV HMQEREWXEWMYROIVNEHETEXHMTEWERKHMTMRHELEXEYHMKERXMHERKERGITEXXERTE FER]EO QIRKKERKKY TVSHYOWM 1IXSHI XIVWIFYX OIQYHMER HETEX HMEQFMP PERKOELWITIVXMWIFEKMFIVMOYX E
4IREXEERTSXIRWMWYQFIVFELE]EHIFY ,EWMPOENMER]ERKHMHETEXTIRIPMXMFEL[EHIRKEREHER]ETSXIRWMEPFELE]EHIFY ]ERKHMHEPEQR]EQIR]ERKOYXTEVXMOIPEWETYETHERKEW8LYVQER.) QEOE TIVPY QIPEOYOER TIVFEMOER ZIRXMPEWM :IRXMPEWM MRM EOER QIQFIVMOER EWYTERYHEVEWIKEVMHIEPR]E HERHETEXQIRKIRHEPMOERTETEVERHIFY FEKMWMW[ETVEOXMOERTVEOXMO(MWMRMTIRIPMXMHEPEQQIVERGERKHIWEMRZIRXMPEWM PMRKOYRKER ]ERK EHE QIQFIVMOER FIFIVETE EPXIVREXMZI VERGERKER %HETYR VERGERKERXIVWIFYXEHEPELWIFEKMFIVMOYX 1IRKKYREOER:IRXMPEWMHSVSRKHERXEVMOHIRKERQIQEWERKinhause fanEXEY exhaust fan HIRKER FIREV OEVIRE OEPEY LER]E QIQERJEEXOER OMTEW TIRKLMWET (exhaust fan) WENE OIQEQTYER]E WERKEX XIVFEXEW 'EVE YRXYO QIQTIVPERGEVWMVOYPEWMYHEVEOMTEWTIRHSVSRK(inhaust fan)HMPIXEOERHMEVEL FIVWIFIVERKERHEVMQIWMRQIWMRHIRKERHE]E PIFMLOIGMPHEVMHE]E OMTEWTIREVMO(exhaust fan).
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
77
Sumber
Iinhaute fan
debu
Exhaust fan
Gambar 34. Rancangan Sistem Ventilasi Dorong Dan Tarik
1IQERJEEXOEREPMVERYHEVEEPEQM4IQERJEEXEREPMVERYHEVEEPEQMNYKEHETEX HMNEHMOER EPXIVREXMJ WIFEKEM TIVFEMOER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM YHEVE OEVIRE XIQTIVEXYV YHEVE QIQTIRKEVYLM KIVEOER YHEVE &IFIVETE HIVENEH WENE HETEX QIRKEOMFEXOER KIVEOER YHEVE GYOYT FIWEV 8LYVQER .) 0MRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOTVSWIWTIRKIPEWERWERKEXTSXIRWMEPWIOEPMXMQFYP HIFY ]ERK FIVYTE EWET QEYTYR YET TEHE WEEX QIPIPILR]E elektroda HER HIRKER HIQMOMER OSRHMWM WYLY XMRKKM WILMRKKE HEPEQ LEP MRM WERKEX NIPEW WIOEPMFEL[EWYQFIVTSPYWMYHEVE]ERKFIVYNYHHIFYXIVWIFYXEOMFEXTEREW HIFY EOER XIVERKOEX REMO OIEXEW 1IRKMRKEX FEL[E WYQFIV TSPYWM YHEVE ]ERK HMWIFEFOER TIRKIPEWER XIVQEWYO OEXIKSVM TSPYWM FIVFELE]E QEOE KIVEOER YHEVE EPEQM XIVWIFYX LEVYW TIVPY EHER]E TIRGIKELER /EWYW XIVWIFYXHIWEMRPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOHIRKERQIQERJEEXOEREPMVERYHEVE EPEQMWITIVXMLIQFYWERERKMRQIPEPYMEXEWEXEYHMWIOMXEVFERKYRER NYKE LEVYWHMQERJEEXOER
78
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Fan
Sumber Debu
Ventilasi alami
Ventilasi alami
Gambar 35. Pemanfaatan Udara Alami Sebagai Ventilasi
1IQFYEXPSOEPMWEWMZIRXMPEWMHIRKERGIVSFSRKEWET &IFIVETEHIWEMR]ERKXIPELHMYXEVEOERHMEXEWQIVYTEOERPERKOELEPXIVREXMJYRXYO TIQFYEXERHIWEMRPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOTVSWIWTIRKIPEWERREQYRHEVMHIWEMR ]ERK EHE TSXIRWM XMQFYPR]E TSPYWM QEWML EHE (IWEMR ]ERK TEPMRK XITEX YRXYO PMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOWIFEKEMGSRXSLQIWMREHEPELHIRKERTIREXEERZIRXMPEWM PSOEPWMWXIQGIVSFSRKEWET
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
79
Gambar 36. Penataan Ventilasi
(IWEMR ZIRXMPEWM PSOEP XIVWIFYX QEOE TETEVER HIFY HETEX WIKIVE XIVEXEWM 4IRKKYREER TVSXIOWM HMVM QIVYTEOER XMHEOER XIVEOLMV ]ERK FIVWMJEX TIPIRKOET TIRGIKELER TIR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE TVEOXMO -QE -WQEVE 4IVPMRHYRKER HMVM HEPEQ PMRKOYRKERMRMEHEPELQIRKKYREOERQEWOIVTIVREJEWER]ERKQEQTYQIR]EVMRKWEQTEM OYVERKHEVMQMOVSRTEVXMOIPHIFY]ERKHMPIRKOETMTEVXMOIPOLYWYW1EWOIV]ERKIJMWMIR HER IJIOXMJ EHEPEL ]ERK HETEX QIPMRHYRKM QEXE HER TIVREJEWER HEVM FELE]E HIFY WIOEPMKYW
80
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 37. Posisi Yang Tepat Ketika Sedang Melaksanakan Praktik
+YREOERZIRXMPEWMHSVSRKHERXEVMOYRXYOQIRKIPMQMREWMHERQIVIHYOWMEWETHIFYHER FEY]ERKFIVFELE]EWIVXEFIVEGYR]ERKEOERQIRKERGEQOIWILEXERWIVXEOIWIPEQEXER OIVNE TVEOXMOER /IQEQTYER EPEXEPEX TIRKLMWET OMTEW ERKMR HER ZIRXMPEXSV YRXYO QIRKLMPERKOER YHEVE ]ERK OSXSV WERKEX XIVFEXEW 7MWXIQ TIRKLMWET (exhaust) ]ERK HMKYREOER HEPEQ OIKMEXER STIVEWM WITIVXM TIR]IQTVSXER GEX TIQFIVWML QMR]EO HER TIRKIPEWERWIVMRKXMHEOQIRGYOYTM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
81
Gambar 38. Sistem Ventilasi Gabungan Fan Penghisap Dan Atap Cahaya Jalusi
9QYQ]E XMHEO QYRKOMR QIQFYEX ZIRXMPEWM ]ERK GYOYT HMVYERKER TVEOXMO ]ERK PYEWHIRKERQIQFYOENIRHIPEEXEYQIRKKYREOEROMTEWERKMRHMRHMRK8MHEOFMWE HMLMRHEVMHMXIRKELXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXIOEOEREHEVYERKERHIRKERXERTEKIVEOER YHEVE WEQE WIOEPM 1EWEPEL MRM HETEX HMTIGELOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER EPMVER udara alami ke atas, dikenal dengan efek “cerobong”. Efek “cerobong” dilakukan HIRKERQIQFIVMOERPSFERKPSFERKTEHEEXETQMWEPR]EHIRKERQIRKKERXMEXET GELE]E OEGE HIRKER ]ERK FMWE HIRKER QYHEL HMEXYV &IRXYO EXET WERKEX QIQTIRKEVYLM IJIOXMJMXEW HEVM ZIRXMPEWM EPEQM MRM /IGSRHSRKER PERKMXPERKMX OI EVEL EXET QIQFERXY QIRKLMRHEVM OERXSRKOERXSRK YHEVE TEREW 'EVE HM EXEW OEHERKOEHERK XMHEO GYOYT EXEY QIQTYR]EM EOMFEX WEQTMRK ]ERK QIQFE[E HIFYQEWYOHEVMPYEV/MTEWTIRKLMWETPMWXVMOHEPEQLEPMRMTIVPYHMTEWERKYRXYO QIRMRKOEXOEREPMVERYHEVE'EVEPEMREHEPELHIRKERQIRKEHEOEROMTEWTIRKLMWET PMWXVMO QEOE HETEX HMGSFE HIJPIGXSV TIRKLMWET ]ERK XMHEO QIQFYXYLOER IRIVKM &ELOER ERKMR WIHMOMX WENE HEVM EVEL QERE WENE EOER QIRMRKOEXOER EPMVER YHEVE QIPEPYMTIRKLMWET
4IREXEERYPERKTIRKIRHEPMEROIFMWMRKER 4IREXEER YPERK YRXYO TIRKIRHEPMER OIFMWMRKER MRM WIFIREVR]E WERKEX FIVOEMXER HIRKER QSHIP TIREXEER HIWEMR ]ERK XIPEL HMTETEVOER HMFEKMER
82
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
HIWEMR ZIRXMPEWM HM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE QIWMR TSXIRWM FMWMRK WIFEKMER FIWEV FIVWYQFIVTEHEWEEXQIPIPILR]Eelektroda]ERKXMQFYPWYEVEFIVMWMOWYEVE PIHEOERFYWYVETMWYEVEQIWMREXEYQSXSVSTIVEXSV]ERKWIHERKQIPEOYOER TIQMRHELERFEVERKHERPEMRR]EWILMRKKEHEPEQLEPMRMHETEXHMEXEWMHIRKER TIREQFELER MWSPEWM QIWMR QIWMR HIRKER FELER fiberglass EXEY acrylic ]ERKHMPIRKOETMHIRKERgasketWIFEKEMTIVPIRKOETERTIVIHEQERWYEVE]ERK FIVWMJEX WIFEKEM TIQFEXEW EOYWXMO WILMRKKE WYEVE EOER HMWIVET HER HMTERXYPOERPEKM
Gambar 39. Penataan Tempat Kerja Praktik
4VMRWMT VERGERKER TIVIHEQ FMWMRK EHEPEL QIRMEHEOER TERXYPER WYEVE ]ERK QIRMQFYPOER KIXEVER FEPMO ,EP MRM FMWE HIRKER QIPETMWM EXET HER HMRHMRK HIRKER FELER PYREO ]ERK HMFIVM PETMWER FELER TPEWXMO ]ERK XMHEO HETEX QIRERKOETHIFY,EPMRMHETEXHMXIVETOERHMPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOWIFEKEM GSRXSLQIWMRETEFMPEVYERKERSTIVEXSVXIVTMWELHIKERQIWMR+EQFEVHMEXEW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
83
QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E OIFMWMRKER HETEX IRMQFYPOER OIGIPEOEER OIVNE YRXYO MXY TIVPYHMPIRKOETMNYKEHIRKERPEQTYOSRXVSPTIRHYOYRK
4IREXEERYPERKTIRKIRHEPMERVEHMEWM 4IREXEERYPERKTIRKIRHEPMERFELE]EVEHMEWMMRMTEHETVMRWMTR]EWEQEHIRKER HIWEMRHIWEMRWIFIPYQR]E ]EMXYHIRKERQIQMWELOERXIQTEXSTIVEXSVHIRKER QIWMR QIRKKYREOER HIWEMR ]ERK QIQFIVMOER MWSPEWM FELE]E VEHMEWM FELER TIR]IOEXXIQFYWTERHERKHEPEQLEPMRMOEGEJMFIV]ERKQIQTYR]EMOIOYEXER XMRKKM
4IREXEERYPERKTIRGELE]EER ,EWMPTIRKEQEXERQIRHEPEQ]ERKHMXERKOETQIPEPYMHEXEHSOYQIRXEWMOEQIVE FEL[EOYEXTIRIVERKER]ERKEHEQEWMLFIPYQQIQIRYLMWXERHEVEXYVER]ERK XIPELHMXIXETOERWITIVXM]ERKXIPELHMYVEMOERHMEXEW(IWEMRTIVIRGEREERYPERK TIRGELE]EER ]ERK QIQEHEM EOER QIQFYEX WMW[E TVEOXMOER WEEX QIRKSTIVEWMOER QIWMR QIRNEHM QIVEWE R]EQER WILMRKKE HETEX QIPEOYOER WMW[ETVEOXMOERTVEOXMOERHIRKERR]EQERWILEXHERWIPEQEX
Gambar 40. Pencahayaan Dan Tata Letak Mesin Bor
8IPEL HMOSRJMVQEWMOER QIPEYM FIFIVETE WXYHM FEL[E TIRIVERKER ]ERK FEMO QIQFIVMOERLEWMPFIVYTEefisiensi ]ERKPIFMLXMRKKM4IVFEMOERTEHETIRIVERKER
84
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
]ERKHMPEOYOERHMFER]EOMRHYWXVMXIPELWIVMRKQIRKLEWMPOER TIVXYQFYLER TVSHYOXMZMXEW HER TIRYVYRER OIWEPELER HIRKER 8LYVQER .) 4IRIVERKER ]ERK PIFML FEMO XMHEO FIVEVXM PIFML FER]EO FSPE PEQTY ]ERK LEVYW HMFIPM HER PIFML FER]EO PMWXVMO ]ERK HMKYREOER TIRIVERKER EPEQM PIFML FEMO HEVMTEHE TIRIVERKER FYEXER (EVQEWIXME[ER QIRKYRKOETOER FEL[E EKEVTIREXEERYPERKTIRGELE]EERHETEXQIRMRKOEXOEROIR]EQEREROIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE TVEOXMO QEOE TIVPY OENMER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE 7IWYEM HIRKER OIXIRXYER GELE]E ]ERK HMFYXYLOER HEPEQ TVSWIW TIRKIPEWER ]EMXY HMVYERKTVEOXMO]EMXYERXEVE0Y\ -RXIRWMXEW TIRIVERKER ]ERK HMXIRXYOER EHEPEL 0Y\ HIRKER NIRMW PEQTY XIVXIRXY ]ERK QIQEHEM VSWXIV WINENEV HEPEQ armature ]ERK XIVPETMW VIJPIOXSV EXEY GEX TYXML ]ERK HMXEREQ WINENEV EXET TPEJSR EXEY armarture KERXYRK 4IRKLIQEXER IRIVK] HMPEOYOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER WYQFIV GELE]E EPEQM KIHYRKHMHIWEMRWIHIQMOMERVYTEWILMRKKEFER]EOGELE]EQEXELEVMQIQEWYOM VYERKERXIXETMXIXETWINYOOEVIREZIRXMPEWMQIRGYOYTM
4IRKIQFERKERQSHIPTIREXEERJEWMPMXEW 7IXMETTVSWIWOIVNETVEOXMOWMW[EEOERQIRERKERMWYEXYFELERFEOYFEVERK WIXIRKELNEHMEXEYLEWMPTVSHYOWMQEOE[EOXYHERIRIVKM]ERKEOERHMKYREOER .YQPELOIKMEXERTIRERKERERFIVLYFYRKERIVEXHIRKERNYQPELFIVFEKEMXYKEW HEPEQTVSWIWTVSHYOWMHEPEQOIVNETVEOXMOHERNYKEFIVLYFYRKERIVEXHIRKER YVYXERTIRIQTEXERQIWMRQIWMRTIVEPEXERTIVOEOEWHERJEWMPMXEWOIVNETVEOXMO PEMRR]E HM 71/ 1EWEPEL MRM QIVYTEOER FEKMER HEVM OIWIPYVYLER SVKERMWEWM TVSHYOWMHERXEXEPIXEOJEWMPMXEWXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOHM71/7SPYWM]ERKTEPMRK QYVEL]EMXYTIREXEEROIQFEPMTIRIQTEXERFIVFEKEMTIVEPEXERTIVOEOEWFELER FEOYHERQIWMROIVNEFIVHEWEVOERTIRHIOEXER6 VMRKOEWVETMVIWMOVE[EXHER VENMR HEPEQ QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIPERNYXER ]ERK QIRKYXEQEOER TIRHIOEXERjust in time. 4IRIQTEXER HER TIREXEER ]ERK FIREV EOER QIRKEOMFEXOER QIRMRKOEXR]E IJMWMIRWM IJIOXMJMXEW HER TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIVNE TVEOXMO 7IPEMR MXY NYKE EOER QIRMRKOEXOERTIVJSVQERWMOIWILEXERWIVXEOIWIPEQEXEROIVNETVEOXMOHM71/ FIVEVXM EOER QIQFYEX WIQEOMR link-match HIRKER FYHE]E OIVNE HM MRHYWXVM QSHIVR 1IWMR TIVOEOEW HER TIVEPEXER OIVNE EOER HETEX HMKYREOER HIRKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
85
GITEXEOYVEXHERVIPIZERWIWYEMHIRKERJYRKWMHERTIVYRXYOERQEWMRKQEWMRK 4IRMPEMER OIFIVLEWMPER HEPEQ TIREXEER PEMRR]E HETEX HMOIXELYM HIRKER GITEX EOYVEXHERVIPIZERFIVETE NYQPELWXSOFELERFEOY]ERKEHEXIPELHMKYREOER HEREOERHMKYREOERFIKMXYTYPEHIRKEROIFIVEHEERTIVOEOEWTIVEPEXEREXEY QIWMR]ERKWIHERKHMKYREOERVYWEOEXEYWIHERKQIRNEPERMTIVE[EXER
Gambar 41. Penempatan Perkakas Dan Peralatan Kerja
4VMRWMTHEWEVTIREXEERQIWMRTIVOEOEWHERTIVEPEXEREHEPELWIQEOMRFER]EO HMKYREOER LEVYW QEOMR HIOEX QEOMR QYHEL GITEX EOYVEX HER VIPIZER YRXYO HMKYREOER HIRKER R]EQER EQER WIVXE WIPEQEX %PEX HER FELER ]ERK WIVMRK HMKYREOERLEVYWFIVEHEHEPEQNERKOEYER]ERKQYHELFEKMWMW[ETVEOXMOERHER XMHEOQIRMQFYPOERVEWEGETEM'EVER]EHIRKERQIRKYVYXOERWIQYETIVOEOEW EPEX WIVXE FELER FEOY QIRYVYX JVIOYIRWM TIRKKYREER HER QIRIQTEXOERR]E WIWYEMTVSWIHYVSTIVEWMWXERHEVTVSWIWTVSHYOWMHMXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO&EVERK ]ERKHMKYREOERXIVYWQIRIVYWHMXIQTEXOERTEHEQINEOIVNEEXEYWIOIPMPMRKR]E WILMRKKEXMHEOEHE[EOXYHERXIREKE]ERKXIVFYERKYRXYOQIRNERKOEYR]E%PEX
86
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
HER FELER ]ERK OYVERK WIVMRK HMKYREOER HMXIQTEXOER HM JEWMPMXEW TIRHYOYRK FIVYTEVEOVEOHIOEXHIRKERWXEWMYROIVNE*EWMPMXEWOIVNETVEOXMOFIVYTEQIWMR TIVOEOEWEXEYEPEX]ERKLER]EHMTIVPYOERWILEVMWIOEPMEXEYHYEOEPMWIQMRKKY HMWMQTERHMTYWEXTIR]MQTERERXIVXIRXY]ERKNEVEOR]E WIHMOMXHETEXPIFMLNEYL PEKM
Gambar 42. Penempatan Peralatan Dan Perkakas Kerja
7IHMakan “rumah khusus” untuk setiap barang, perkakas dan alat kerja. Tempat TIR]MQTEREREPEX]ERKWIHIVLEREHERTEWHIRKERWTIWMJMOEWMR]EEOERQIQFIVM OIQYHELER YRXYO QIRKE[EWM OIPIRKOETERR]E HER YRXYO QIRGEVM EPEX ]ERK HMFYXYLOERHIRKERGITEXEOYVEXWIVXEVIPIZERWIWYEMJYRKWMHERTIVYRXYOERR]E 4VMRWMTTIREXEERHERTIR]MQTERERLEVYWQIQTIVLEXMOERTVSWIWTVEOXMOOIVNE EXEY TVSWIHYV TVSHYOWM &ER]EO OIQYRKOMRER FEL[E XIORMWM KYVY HER WMW[E OIVNE TVEOXMO WIVMRK QIRKLEFMWOER [EOXY HER QSRHEVQERHMV YRXYO QIRGEVM FELERFEOYTIVOEOEWQIWMREPEXMRWXVYQIRXJEWMPMXEWTIRHYOYRKOIVNETVEOXMO PEMRR]E]ERKXIVWIPMTOEVIREOYVERKXIVXEXEHIRKERVETMVIWMOHERVENMR7MW[E KYVYEXEYXIORMWMHMTIVMRXELOEREXEYHMLEVYWOERYRXYOQIRIQTEXOERWIKEPE WIWYEXYQIRNEHMXIVXEXEWIGEVEXIVEXYVHERVETMQEOEFIFIVETELEVMOIQYHMER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
87
QIRNEHM FIVWIVEOER HER QEWEPEL ]ERK WEQE EOER XMQFYP PEKM OIGYEPM NMOE HMWIHMEOERXIQTEXEXEYVYQELOLYWYW]ERKXIXETHERWIWYEMHIRKERWTIWMJMOEWM YRXYO WIXMET TIVOEOEW FELER FEOY FEVERK QIWMR HER EPEX OIVNE 4IQFYEXER VYQEL OLYWYW XIVWIFYX HMWIWYEMOER HIRKER QIQTIVXMQFERKOER YVYXER TIRKKYREER JYRKWM WTIWMJMOEWM XIVQEWYO YOYVER FIRXYO HER FIVEX WIXMET FEVERK YRXYO QIQMPML GEVE HER XIQTEX ]ERK GSGSO YRXYO TIREXEER HEPEQ TIR]MQTERER
88
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 43. Model Rak Penyimpanan Bahan Baku
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
89
Gambar 44. Nampan Tangan Untuk Penyimpanan Komponen-Komponen Kecil.
90
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 45. Penempatan Perlengkapan Pakaian Dan Peralatan Keselamatan Kerja
2EQTERHMKYREOERYRXYOTIR]MQTERERTIVEPEXERHERFELERFEOYEXEYOSQTSRIR OSQTSRIR OIGMP 4MRXY HMHITER QIQFYEX MWMR]E QYHEL HMPMLEX HER QIQFIVM OIQYHELER YRXYO QIRKEQFMPR]E 2EQTER HETEX HMWYWYR TEHE QINE OIVNE EXEY HMXEVYL TEHE VEO OLYWYW EXEY TEHE VEO FIVTYXEV EXEY VEO FMEWE HIRKER QIQTIVXMQFERKOER OIQYHELER OIGITEXER OIEOYVEXER HER VIPIZERWM HEPEQ TIRKKYREERR]E 7IQYE TIVPIRKOETER TEOEMER OIVNE HER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM WILEVYWR]EQIQFYEXWMW[EEXEYKYVYXMHEOEOERIRKKERQIRKKYREOERR]E
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
91
Gambar 46.Peralatan Pembawa Bahan Baku 1
8VSPM TIVEPEXER VEO ]ERK HETEX HMWIWYEMOER LIQEX VYERKER XIXETM QIR]YQFERK TIRMRKOEXER IJMWMIRWM HEPEQ OIVNE TVEOXMO HER WMW[E TVEOXMOER HEPEQ QIRKSTIVEWMOERQIWMREXEYFIOIVNETVEOXMO1INEFIVMWMTIVEPEXERHERTIVOEOEWOIVNE TVEOXMO]ERKQYHELHMFE[EOIVYERKOIVNEWIVXEQIR]IHMEOERWIQYETIVEPEXERHER VITEVEWM]ERKHMFYXYLOERWMW[ETVEOXMOERHMWIXMETVYERKERHMPERXEMFIRKOIP
92
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 47. Peralatan Pembawa Bahan Baku 2
&EVERKFEVERK]ERKXMHEOTIVPYXIPELHMFIVWMLOERHEVMPERXEMFIRKOIPXIXETMXIXETEHE WINYQPELFEVERK]ERKTIVPYHMFE[EHMERXEVEWXEWMYROIVNEEXEYERXEVXIQTEXOIVNE HER XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER ,EP MXY WIVMRK HMPEOYOER HIRKER GEVE EGEOEGEOER WILMRKKE QIRKEOMFEXOER FER]EOR]E TIVNEPERERR WIVXE QIPIQELOER TIRKIRHEPMER TIVWIHMEER4IQIGELERR]EEHEPELHIRKERQIRHIWEMRpalletEXEYGSRXEMRIV]ERK HETEX QIQFE[E FIFIVETE FEVERK WIOEPMKYW Pallet, container HER VEO FMWE HMFIVM VSHE WILMRKKE HETEX HMTMRHEL ERXEVE WXEWMYR OIVNE EXEY OI KYHERK 6EO TIVPY HMWXERHEVOER HER LEVYW QYHEL HMXYQTYO YRXYO QIRKLIQEX VYERK TIR]MQTERER (IWEMRVEOFIVNEPER]ERKOLYWYWHMTIVPYOERYRXYOFEVERK]ERKFIVFIHE,EPMRMHETEX QIQERJEEXOER OETEWMXEW VEO PIFML TIRYL HER TIRERKERERR]E PIFML QYHEL 9WELEOER EKEV XIQTEX TIVEPEXER QYHEL HMTMRHELOER OI XIQTEX ]ERK HMTIVPYOER WIWYEMOIFYXYLEROIVNETVEOXMO 7MW[E TVEOXMOER WIVMRK XIVPMLEX FSPEOFEPMO HEVM XIQTEX OIVNER]E OI WXEWMYR OIVNE WIQIRXEVEOEVIREQMWEPR]EQIWMRWIHERKQIRKEPEQMOIVYWEOERQIRHEHEOOEVIRE OYVERKXIVE[EXEXEYTIRKEQFMPERFELERFEOYHERTIVEPEXERWIFIREVR]ETIRHYOYRK ]ERK OYVERK WIWYEM %PEWER PEMRR]E EHEPEL OIOYVERKER EPEX TIVPIRKOETER WIVXE FELER HER QYRKOMR NYKE XMHEO EHE QINE OIVNE ]ERK GSGSO ,EP MRM QIRMQFYPOER FER]EO TIQFSVSWER [EOXY HE]E HER XIREKE WIPEMR MXY HEPEQ TIRHMHMOER HETEX QIRKEOMFEXOERXIVNEHMR]EFYHE]EOIVNE]ERKOYVERKTVSHYOXMJXMHEOIJIOXMJHERXMHEO IJMWMIR WILMRKKE WIGEVE TVMFEHM WMW[E OIVNE TVEOXMO EOER OILMPERKER RMPEM OIYRKKYPERHMVMR]EHEPEQFIVOSQTIXMWMHMTEWEVOIVNEMRHYWXVM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
93
8ELETER XIVEOLMV FIVYTE audit trail EXEY YNM GSFE OIPE]EOER OIQERJEEXER EXEY OIFIVQEOREER LEWMP OENMER HER TIRKIQFERKER WIGEVE OIWIPYVYLER HMPEOYOER XIVLEHET VIWTSRHIR HEVM TIV[EOMPER 71/ WIVXE XIREKE ELPM HEVM MRHYWXVM QERYJEOXYV HM (-= HER .EXIRK ,EWMP XELET XIVWIFYX EHEPEL WIFEKEM FIVMOYX QIR]EXEOERFEL[ETIRIVETERWMWXIQQERENIQIRTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEERJEWMPMXEW EOERHETEXQIQTIVGITEXHERQIQTIVQYHELHEPEQTIQMPMLEREPEXTIVOEOEWEXEY FELER FEOY ]ERK XITEX WIWYEM OIFYXYLER WIVXE JYRKWMR]E QIR]EXEOER EOER HETEX QIRMRKOEXOER YQYV TIQEOEMER OIERHEPER HER OIFIVWMLER JEWMPMXEW OIVNE TVEOXMO HM FIRKOIP EXEY PEFSVEXSVMYQ 8IVHETEX VIWTSRHIR ]ERK QIR]EXEOER FEL[E WERKEX TIVPY WIKIVE HMXIVETOERR]E 7MWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEERJEWMPMXEWWMWER]EQEWMLMRKMRQIPEOWEREOERXVEHMWMWITIVXMFMEWER]E QEWML EHE VIWMWXIRWM WILMRKKE TIVPY HMFIVM XELETER TIRIVETER QERENIQIR TIVYFELER XIVYXEQE XELET mindsetting QIR]EXEOER FEL[E WMWXIQ ]ERK XIPEL HMOIQFERKOERQIPEPYMOENMERMRMPE]EOHERHETEXHMXIVETOERHIRKERQYHELWMWER]E QIR]EXEOER QEWML TIVPY TIR]IWYEMER HER EHETXEWM QIR]EXEOER EOER HETEX QIRIVETOER WIGEVE QERHMVM WIHERK WMWER]E QIR]EXEOER FYXYL FERXYER HERE TIRIVETER XIPELQIQMRXE WIKIVE HMPEOYOERR]E TIRHEQTMRKER EXEY TIPEXMLER XIRXERK TIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW HIRKER EHETXMJ WMWER]E WMET QIPEOWEREOER WIWYEM OIQEQTYER WIRHMVM 4IRHETEX XIVEOLMV ]ERKHETEXHMNEVMRKEHEPEL QIR]EXEOERFEL[EHIRKERQIRIVETOERLEWMPOENMER QEOEEOERHETEXQIQTIVOYEXFYHE]EOIVNE]ERKTVSHYOXMJEQERHERR]EQER 7MWER]EQEWMLQIRKMRKMROERYRXYOHMYNMGSFEPIFMLPERNYX]EMXYEOERQIRMRKOEXOER RMPEM OIYRKKYPER OSQTIXMXMJ 71/ HER PYPYWERR]E HM TEWEV OIVE MRHYWXVM 4IRHETEX XIVWIFYX HM EXEW HMERKKET GYOYT [ENEV OEVIRE TIVYFELER HER TIVFEMOER HIRKER TIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR TIVE[EXER HER TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW TEWXM EOER QIQFYXYLOER FER]EO WYQFIV HE]E XIVQEWYO HERE TIRHYOYRK HER XIVYXEQE TIPEXMLERWIVXETIRHEQTMRKEROEVIRETIQFYHE]EERPIFMLWYPMXHEVMTEHETIQFIPMER EXEY TIRKEHEER JEWMPMXEW 8ELET YNM GSFE HIRKER TIRHIOEXER audit trail XIVLEHET XIREKEELPMHEVMMRHYWXVMPIFMLFIVWMJEXOSRWYPXEXMJYRXYOQIR]IQTYVREOERLEWMPOENMER EKEVHETEXlink-matchHIRKERWMXYEWMOSRHMWMWIFIREVR]E
94
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB II
KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA LABOLATORIUM DAN BENGKEL
A.
Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja 7YEXY TIQMOMVER HER YTE]E YRXYO QIRNEQMR OIYXYLER HER OIWIQTYVREER NEWQERM QEYTYRVSLERMXIREKEOIVNEOLYWYWR]EHERQERYWMETEHEYQYQR]EWIVXELEWMPOEV]E HERFYHE]EYRXYOQIRYNYQEW]EVEOEXEHMPHERQEOQYVQIVYTEOERJMPSWSJMHEVM/ 1ERKOYRIKEVE WIHERKOER HEVM WIKM TERHERK OIMPQYER TIRKIVXMER / EHEPEL 7IQYEMPQYHERTIRIVETERR]EYRXYOQIRGIKELXIVNEHMR]EOIGIPEOEEROIVNETIR]EOMX EOMFEXOIVNE 4%/ OIFEOEVERTIPIHEOERHERTIRGIQEVERPMRKOYRKER ,IFFMI-PQE %H^MQ /IWILEXEROIVNE(Occupational health)QIVYTEOERFEKMERHEVMOIWILEXERQEW]EVEOEX ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER WIQYE TIOIVNEER MRWXEPEWM HM VYERK FIRKOIP ]ERK QIQTIRKEVYLM OIWILEXER TIOIVNE &ELE]E TIOIVNEER EOMFEX OIWEPELER TVEOXMO WITIVXM LEPR]E QEWEPEL OIWILEXER PMRKOYRKER PEMR FIVWMJEX EOYX EXEY OLVSRMW HER IJIOR]E QYRKOMR WIKIVE XIVNEHM EXEY TIVPY [EOXY PEQE )JIO XIVLEHET OIWILEXER HETEXWIGEVEPERKWYRKQEYTYRXMHEOPERKWYRK/IWILEXEROIVNETIVPYHMTIVLEXMOER WIPEMR HETEX QIRMRKOEXOER XMRKOEX TVSHYOXMJMXEW OIWILEXER OIVNE XIVWIFYX HETEX QIQFIVMOEROIR]EQERERFEKMTVEOXMOER7EWEVEROIWILEXEROIVNEOLYWYWR]EEHEPEL TEVETVEOXMOERHERTIVEPEXEROIVNEHMPMRKOYRKERFIRKOIP-RWXEPEWM0MWXVMO8YNYERHEVM OIWILEXEROIVNEEHEPEL
1IQIPMLEVE
HER
QIRMRKOEXOER
HIVENEX
OIWILEXER
TIOIVNE
HM
FIRKOIPPEFSVEXSVMYQ OIXMRKOEX ]ERK WIXMRKKMXMRKKMR]E FEMO JMWMO QIRXEP QEYTYROIWILEXERWSWMEP
1IRGIKEL XMQFYPR]E KERKKYER OIWILEXER TIOIVNE ]ERK HMEOMFEXOER SPIL XMRHEOEROSRHMWMPMRKOYRKEROIVNER]E
1IQFIVMOERTIVPMRHYRKERFEKMTVEOXMOERHEPEQTIOIVNEERR]EHEVMOIQYRKOMRER FELE]E]ERKHMWIFEFOERSPILJEOXSVJEOXSV]ERKQIQFELE]EOEROIWILEXER
1IRIQTEXOER HER QIQIPMLEVE TVEOXMOER HM FIRKOIP -RWXEPEWM 0MWXVMO WIWYEM HIRKEROIQEQTYERJMWMOHERTWMOMWTVEOXMOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
95
/SRWIT OIWILEXER OIVNE HI[EWE MRM WIQEOMR FER]EO FIVYFEL FYOER WIOIHEV “kesehatan pada sektor industri” saja melainkan juga mengarah kepada upaya OIWILEXERYRXYOWIQYESVERKHEPEQQIPEOYOERTIOIVNEERR]E XSXEPLIEPXLSJEPPEX [SVO 1ERENIQIR /IWILEXER HER /IWIPEQEXER /IVNE /IWIPEQEXER OIVNE EXEY 3GGYTEXMSREP 7EJIX] HEPEQ MWXMPEL WILEVM LEVM WIVMRK HMWIFYX HIRKER WEJIX] WENE WIGEVE JMPSWSJM HMEVXMOER WIFEKEM WYEXY TIQMOMVER HER YTE]E YRXYO QIRNEQMR OIYXYLER HER OIWIQTYVREER FEMO NEWQERMEL QEYTYR VSLERMEL XIREKE OIVNE TEHE OLYWYWR]E HER QERYWME TEHE YQYQR]E WIVXE LEWMP FYHE]E HER OEV]ER]E 7IKM OIMPQYER HMEVXMOER WIFEKEM WYEXY TIRKIXELYER HER TIRIVETERR]E HEPEQ YWELE QIRGIKELOIQYRKOMRERXIVNEHMR]EOIGIPEOEERHERTIR]EOMXEOMFEXOIVNE 4IRKIVXMER /IGIPEOEER /IVNE EGGMHIRX EHEPEL WYEXY OINEHMER EXEY TIVMWXM[E ]ERK XMHEO HMMRKMROER ]ERK QIVYKMOER XIVLEHET QERYWME QIVYWEO LEVXE FIRHE EXEY OIVYKMER XIVLEHET TVSWIW 4IRKIVXMER ,EQTMV 'IPEOE ]ERK HEPEQ MWXMPEL WEJIX] HMWIFYXHIRKERMRWMHIR(incident), ada juga yang menyebutkan dengan istilah “near miss” atau “nearaccident”, adalah suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang tidak HMMRKMROER HMQERE HIRKER OIEHEER ]ERK WIHMOMX FIVFIHE EOER QIRKEOMFEXOER FELE]EXIVLEHETQERYWMEQIVYWEOLEVXEFIRHEEXEYOIVYKMERXIVLEHETTVSWIWOIVNE
Gambar 48. Logo K3
3,7%7 EHEPEL WYEXY WXERHEV MRXIVREWMSREP YRXYO WMWXIQ QERENIQIR /IWILEXER HER /IWIPEQEXER /IVNE (MXIVFMXOER FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRKIPSPE EWTIO OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE / HEVMTEHE OIEQERER TVSHYO 3,7%7 QIR]IHMEOER OIVERKOE FEKM IJIOXMJMXEW QERENIQIR / XIVQEWYO OIWIWYEMER HIRKER TIVEXYVER TIVYRHERKYRHERKER]ERKHMXIVETOERTEHEEOXMJMXEWOIVNEHERQIRKIREPMEHER]EFELE]E FELE]E]ERKHMXMQFYPOERHEVMOIVNEXIVWIFYX
96
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 49. Poster K3
0EFSVEXSVMYQQIVYTEOERWEVEREYRXYOQIRYRNERKHERQIRKIQFERKOEREXEWXISVM]ERK HMOYEWEMR]EYRXYOQIQIRYLMTIVW]EVEXERWXERHEVMRXIVREWMSREPQEOEPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYW QIQIRYLM OIXIRXYER HEPEQ Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) 1992 HER Approved Code of Practice no: L24. /IR]EQERERTVEOXMOHMHEPEQPEFSVEXSVMYQEOERQIQTIRKEVYLM LEWMPTVEOXMOMXYWIRHMVMYRXYOMXYHMTIVPYOERTIVERGERKERPEFSVEXSVMYQ]ERKQIQIRYLM WXERHEV&IFIVETETIVW]EVEXER]ERKLEVYWHMTIRYLMSPILPEFSVEXSVMYQQIPMTYXM
8IQTEX OIVNE TIVEPEXER XIXET HER TIVEFSXERR]E QEYTYR TIVEPEXER HER WMWXIQR]E ]ERK XIVMRXIKVEWM EXEY XEQFELER LEVYW XIVE[EX HIRKER FEMO XIXET FIVWML HEPEQ OIEHEER IJMWMIR HEPEQ YVYXER OIVNE ]ERK IJMWMIR HER HEPEQ OSRHMWM FEMO HER WIFEMOR]EHMFIVMWMWXIQGEHERKERHIRKERTIQIPMLEVEERXIVIRGEREHERTIRGEXEXER ]ERK WIWYEM WIHERKOER YRXYO TIQIPMLEVEER QIPMTYXM MRWTIOWM TIR]IXIPER TIPYQEWER TIQFIVWMLERWIPYVYLTIVEPEXERHERTIVPIRKOETERPEFSVEXSMYQ
%XQSWJIV PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIPMTYXM FIFIVETE TIVW]EVEXER ]EMXY OSRHMWM WIOIPMPMRK PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW XIVTIPMLEVE HIRKER GEVE QIQFYOE NIRHIPE QIQEWERK OMTEW ERKMRHMHMRHMRKEXEYPERKMXPERKMXHERQIQEWERK%'YRXYOQIQFIVMOIWINYOERYHEVE HM PEFSVEXSVMYQ NMOE ZIRXMPEWM HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIPMRHYRKM TEVE TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ
WMWXIQR]E LEVYW HMTEWERKM EPEVQ TIRHIXIOWM OIKEKEPER QEQTY QIQEWSO YHEVE FIVWML PMXIVHIXMOTIOIVNE HMVE[EX HMFIVWMLOER HER OMRIVNER]E HMTIVMOWE WIGEVE VYXMR
8IQTIVEXYV XIQTEX OIVNE WIPEQE NEQ OIVNE LEVYW QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER WITIVXM YRXYOTIOIVNEERRSVQEP ' * YRXYOTIOIVNEERFIVEX ' * ETEFMPE HM HEPEQ PEFSVSXSVYQ XIVHETEX TIQEREW EXEY TIRHMRKMR QEOE XMHEO FSPIL
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
97
QIRKLIQFYWOER YET ]ERK FIVFELE]E WINYQPEL XIVQSQIXIV HMTEWERK HMHEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ
4IRGELE]EER LEVYW QIQEHEM HER QIRGYOYTM NMOE QIQYRKOMROER QIQERJEEXOER GELE]E EPEQM PEQTY HEVYVEXLEVYW HMTEWERK YRXYO FIVNEKENEKE WIERHEMR]E PEQTY YXEQEQIRKEPEQMOIKEKEPERHERQIRMQFYPOERFELE]E
4IVE[EXER (house keeping) XIQTEX OIVNE TIVEFSXER HER JMXXMRK LEVYW XIXET FIVWML HMRHMRKPERXEMHERPERKMXPERKMXLEVYWXIXETFIVWML QIQIVMOWETIRYQTYOERHIFYHM EXEWTIVQYOEERHEXEVXIVYXEQETEHEWVYOXYVFERKYRERFEPSOKMVHIVTIRSTERKEXET HERWIFEKEMR]E HMRHMRK]ERKHMGEXLEVYWHMFIVWMLOERHERHMGEXYPERKWIGEVEFIVOEPE QMWEPR]E QEWMRKQEWMRK FYPER HER XELYR PERXEM LEVYW HMFIVWMLOER HIRKER GEVEQIR]ETYHERQIRKITIP QMRMQEPWIQMRKKYWIOEPM WEQTELNERKERQIRYQTYO OEVIRE HETEX QIRMQFYPOER VIWMOS OIWILEXER HER OIFEOEVER WEQTEL LEVYW HMPIXEOOER TEHE XIQTEXR]E XIQTEX WEQTEL LEVYW XELER XIVLEHET ETM XYQTELER LEVYWHMFIVWMLOERQIRKKYREOERQEXIVMEP]ERKHETEXQIR]IVETHIRKERFEMO
Workstation:LEVYWR]EQERYRXYOWIQYE]ERKFIOIVNEHMWERE QIQMPMOMTMRXYHEVYVEX ]ERK HMXERHEM HIRKER NIPEW PERXEM LEVYW XIXET FIVWML HER XMHEO PMGMR FELE]E WERHYRKER HMWMRKOMVOER FIOIVNE TEHE TSWMWM OEOY HER NERKKEP WIFEMOR]E XMHEO HMPEOYOERXIVPEPYPEQE FIRHEFIRHEOIVNEHERQEXIVMEPOIVNELEVYWQYHELHMVEMLHEVM TSWMWMOIVNE
8IQTEX HYHYO HM QERETYR TIOIVNEER HMPEOYOER XIQTEX HYHYO LEVYW XIVWIHME XIQTEX HYHYO LEVYW WIWYEM HIRKER NIRMW TIOIVNEERR]E HER QIQMPMOM WERHEVER TYRKKYRK HER TIRYQTY OEOM (foot rest) LEVYW TEHE OSRHMWM ]ERK FEMO NMOE XIVNEHM OIVYWEOERLEVYWHMTIVFEMOMEXEYHMKERXM
0ERXEM LEVYW XMHEO HMFIVM FIFER FIVPIFML VEXE HER QYPYW XMHEO FIVPYFERK FIVKIPSQFERK EXEY VYWEO ]ERK QYRKOMR QIR]IFEFOER FELE]E WERHYRKER FIFEW LEQFEXERHEVMFEVERKFEVERKHMPIXEOOERHMXIQTEX]ERKXIPELHMXIRXYOER XMHEOPMGMR QIQMPMOMWEVEREdrainase]ERKQIQEHEMNMOEEHEOIQYRKOMRERXIVOIREEMV QIQMPMOM TIQMWEL ERXEVE NEPYVNEPYV PEPYPMRXEW HER TINEPER OEOM FIVYTE hand rail TIRKLEPERK EXEYQEVOEPERXEM QIQMPMOMTIRKLEPERKHMWIOMXEVPYFERKEXEYXIQTEX]ERKXIVWIHME
4IQEWERKER OEGE LEVYW QEXIVMEP XVERWTEVER ]ERK HMKYREOER TEHE TMRXY NIRHIPE HMRHMRK HER WIFEKEMR]E HIRKER PIFEV PIFML HEVM QQ GQ LEVYW FIVYTE TSPMOEVFSREX KPEW FPSO OEGE ]ERK NMOE TIGEL XMHEO FIVLEQFYVER PIQFEVER OEGE FIWEVYRXYOTMRXYOIPYEVQEWYO(accessway)LEVYWHMFIVMXERHEEKEVOIPMLEXER .IRHIPEEXET(skylight)HERZIRXMPEXSV LEVYWHETEXHMFYOEHIRKERQYHELHEREQER NMOE HMFYOE XMHEO QIR]IQFYPOER WILMRKKE QIQFELE]EOER SVERK ]ERK QIPMRXEWM
98
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
LEVYW HETEX HMFIVWMLOER HIRKER EQER OIQYRKOMRER QIRKKYREOER TIVEPEXER OLYWYW 8SMPIXLEVYW QIQMPMOMMHIRXMJMOEWM]ERKNIPEWHERQYHELHMEOWIW HMTMWELOERERXEVE TVMEHER[ERMXE QIRKYXEQEOERTVMZEWM HMEXYVWIHIQMOMERVYTEWILMRKKEYVMREPXSMPIX TVMEXMHEOXIVPMLEXHEVMPYEVNMOETMRXYXSMPIXXIVFYOE HMTEWERKMOEGEFYVEQHMNIRHIPE EXEYHMFIVMXMVEM HMNEKEOIFIVWMLERHEROIVETMERR]E FIVZIRXMPEWMHERFIVTIRIVERKER GYOYT VYERK ERXEVE XSMPIX HER XIQTEX OIVNEXIQTEX YQYQ LEVYW HMFIVM VIRXMPEWM HMPIRKOETMHIRKERJEWMPMXEWGYGMXERKERHERTIRKIVMRKR]E OYFMOIP;' LEVYWHETEX HMOYRGM HEVM HEPEQ GYOYT PYEW YRXYO QIQFIVMOER TVMZEWM HMPIRKOETM HIRKER XMWY NYQPELJEWMPMXEWXSMPIX]ERKLEVYWHMWIHMEOER HEPEQTVIQMWEOLMVXELYR FIVMOYX QIVYTEOERXEFIPTIVFERHMRKERNYQPELTIOIVNEHIRKERNYQPEL;' Tabel 7. Perbandingan Jumlah Pekerja dengan Jumlah WC (Pria dan Wanita Menurut Premis Akhir Tahun 1992)
Jumlah Maksimum Pekerja
Jumlah WC
Jumlah Washbasin
WIXIPELMXYWEXY;'HERWEXY[EWLFEWMRTIVHYETYPYLPMQESVERK Tabel 8. Perbandingan Jumlah Pekerja dengan Jumlah WC (Pria dan Wanita Menurut Premis Awal Tahun 1993)
Jumlah Maksimum Pekerja
Jumlah WC
WIXIPELMXYWEXY;'TIVHYETYPYLPMQESVERK NMOEYVMREPHMWIHMEOERYRXYOTVME NYQPEL ;' FIVOYVERK WEXY &IVMOYX EHEPEL KEQFEV MPYWXVEWM OEQEV QERHM 7YQFIV %PJVIH*VIHH]1ERMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
99
Gambar 50. Ilustrasi Kamar Mandi
*EWMPMXEWTIRGYGMER HMXIQTEXOERHMHEPEQEXEYHIOEXXSMPIXHEREXEYOEQEVKERXM HETEXHMGETEMHIRKERQYHEL HMPIRKOETMHIRKEREMVTEREWHEREMVHMRKMR HMPIRKOETM WEFYRHERLERHYOEXEYGEVETIRKIVMRKERPEMR HMPIRKOETMZIRXMPEWMHERTIRIVERKER ]ERKGYOYT WIPEPYFIVWMLHERVETM HMTMWELOERERXEVETVMEHER[ERMXEOIGYEPMYRXYO QIRGYGMQYOEHERXERKER WIXMETWITYPYL;'WEXY[EWLFEWMR 4EWSOER EMV QMRYQ QIRGYOYTM HETEX HMQMRYQ QYHEL XIVNERKOEY HER WIPEPY XIVWIHME HMFIVMXERHEHIRKERNIPEWHERTIRIQTEXERR]EXITEX HMXYPMWMEMVQMRYQEXEY PEFIPHMOVERR]E HMPIRKOETMHIRKERKIPEWEXEY[EHELPEMRR]E /EQEVKERXM HMWMETOERERXEVETVMEHER[ERMXE HMPIRKOETMHIRKERFERKOYTERNERK JEWMPMXEWEPQEVMTIR]MQTERHERJEWMPMXEWTIRGYGMERNMOEQIQYRKOMROER GYOYTPYEW YRXYO QIRKEOSQSHEWM WINYQPEL TIOIVNE ]ERK EOER QIRKKERXM TEOEMER WIGEVE FIVWEQEER .SLR6MHPI] B.
Penyebab Kecelakaan Kerja
100
4IR]IFEF(EWEVOIGIPEOEEROIVNE E
/YVERKR]E4VSWIHYV%XYVER
F
/YVERKR]E7EVERE
G
/YVERKR]E/IWEHEVER
H
/YVERKR]E/ITEXYLER
4IR]IFEF8MHEO0ERKWYRK E
*EOXSV4IOIVNEER
F
*EOXSV4IVWSREP
4IR]IFEF0ERKWYRK E
8MRHEOER8MHEO%QER
F
/SRHMWM8MHEO%QER
/IGIPEOEER/IVNEXIVNEHM E
/SRXEO(IRKER7YQFIV&ELE]E
F
/IKEKEPER*YRKWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
C.
/IVYKMER E
1ERYWME 'IHIVE/IVEGYRER'EGEX/IQEXMER4%/
F
1IWMR%PEX /IVYWEOER1IWMR%PEX
G
1EXIVMEP&ELER 8IVGIQEV6YWEO4VSHYO+EKEP
H
0MRKOYRKER 8IVGIQEV6YWEO&IRGERE%PEQ
Potensi Bahaya Laboratorium dan Bengkel &IVOEMXER HIRKER JEOXSV ]ERK QIQTIRKEVYLM OSRHMWM OIWILEXER OIVNE WITIVXM HMWIFYXOER HMEXEW HEPEQ QIPEOYOER TIOIVNEER TIVPY HMTIVXMQFERKOER FIVFEKEM TSXIRWM FELE]E WIVXE VIWMOS ]ERK FMWE XIVNEHM EOMFEX WMWXIQ OIVNE EXEY GEVE OIVNE TIRKKYREERQIWMREPEXHERFELERWIVXEPMRKOYRKERHMWEQTMRKJEOXSVQERYWMER]E -WXMPELhazardEXEYTSXIRWMFELE]EQIRYRNYOEREHER]EWIWYEXY]ERKTSXIRWMEPYRXYO QIRKEOMFEXOER GIHIVE EXEY TIR]EOMX OIVYWEOER EXEY OIVYKMER ]ERK HETEX HMEPEQM SPIL XIREKE OIVNE EXEY MRWXERWM /IQYRKOMRER TSXIRWM FELE]E QIRNEHM QERMJIWX sering disebut resiko. Baik “hazard” maupun “resiko” tidak selamanya menjadi FELE]EEWEPOERYTE]ETIRKIRHEPMERR]EHMPEOWEREOERHIRKERFEMO
Gambar 51. Resiko di Tempat Kerja
&IRKOIPMRWXEPEWMPMWXVMOOIWILEXERHEROMRIVNEWIWISVERKTIOIVNEWERKEXHMTIRKEVYLMSPIL
&IFER/IVNEFIVYTEFIFERJMWMOQIRXEPHERWSWMEPWILMRKKEYTE]ETIRIQTEXER TIOIVNE]ERKWIWYEMHIRKEROIQEQTYERR]ETIVPYHMTIVLEXMOER
/ETEWMXEW /IVNE ]ERK FER]EO XIVKERXYRK TEHE TIRHMHMOER OIXIVEQTMPER OIWIKEVERNEWQERMYOYVERXYFYLOIEHEERKM^MHERWIFEKEMR]E
0MRKOYRKER /IVNE WIFEKEM FIFER XEQFELER FEMO FIVYTE JEOXSV JMWMO OMQME FMSPSKMOIVKSRSQMOQEYTYREWTIOTWMOSWSWMEP
/IXMKE OSQTSRIR XIVWIFYX WIVEWM QEOE EOER XIVGETEM WYEXY OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE ]ERK STXMQEP 7IFEPMOR]E FMPE XIVHETEX OIXMHEOWIVEWMER HETEX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
101
QIRMQFYPOERQEWEPELOIWILEXEROIVNEFIVYTETIR]EOMXEXEYTYROIGIPEOEEREOMFEX OIVNE]ERKTEHEEOLMVR]EEOERQIRYVYROERTVSHYOXMJMXEWOIVNE D.
Pengendalian Sumber Bahaya di Lingkungan Kerja 4VSWIWTIRKIRHEPMERWYQFIVFELE]EHMPMRKOYRKEROIVNEWERKEXHMYXEQEOER,EPMRM HETEXQIRHYOYRKTVSHYOXMJMXEWOIVNEHEROIEQERERTIOIVNEMXYWIRHMVM4IVPYHMFYEX WIQEGEQMHIRXMJMOEWMFELE]EOIVNE]ERKQIPMTYXMLEPLEPWIFEKEMFIVMOYX 1.
Sumber bahaya (hazard) 7YQFIVFELE]E hazard EHEPEL WIWYEXY]ERKHETEXQIR]IFEFOERGMHIVEEXEY OIVYWEOER FEMO XILEHET TEVE TIOIVNE QIWMR HER LEP PEMR ]ERK FIVWERKOYXER HIRKERTVSWIWTVSHYOWM7IWYEXYEXEYLEP]ERKHETEXQIR]IFEFOERGMHIVEEXEY OIVYWEOER FEMO XILEHET TEVE TIOIVNE QIWMR HER LEP PEMR ]ERK FIVWERKOYXER HIRKERTVSWIWTIOIVNEERTVSHYOWM,E^EVHHMHIJMRMWMOERWIFEKEMWYEXYTSXIRWM FEL[E HEVM WYEXY YVYXER OINEHMER EOER XMQFYP WYEXY OIVYWEOER EXEY HEQTEO ]ERKQIVYKMOER
Gambar 52. Sumber Bahaya
Hazard WYQFIV FELE]E EHEPEL WYQFIV WMXYEWM EXEY XMRHEOER ]ERK FIVTSXIRWM QIRGMHIVEMQERYWMEEXEYOIPEMRERJMWMOEXEYQIRXEP]ERKXIVMHIRXMJMOEWMFIVEWEPHEVM EXEY FIVXEQFEL FYVYO OEVIRE OIKMEXER OIVNE EXEY WMXYEWM ]ERK XIVOEMX HIRKER TIOIVNEER &EL[E WYQFIV FELE]E HEPEQ X IVQMRSPSK] OIWIPEQXER HER OIWILEXER OIVNEHETEXHMFEKMQIRNEHM HYE ]EMXYWIFEKEMFIMOYX
102
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
a.
Bahaya Keselamatan Kerja ( safety hazard)
Gambar 53. Bahaya Saat Kerja
&ELE]EOIWIPEQEXEROIVNE WEJIX]LE^EVH EHEPELNIRMWFELE]E]ERKFIVHEQTEO TEHE XMQFYPR]E OIGIPEOEER ]ERK HETEX QIR]IFEFOER PYOE MRNYV] LMRKKE OIQEXMERWIVXEOIVYWEOERTVSTIVX].IRMWFELE]EOIWIPEQEXERERXEVEPEMR]EMXY
&ELE]EQIOERMOHMWIFEFOEQSPILQIWMREXEYEPEXOIVNEQIOERMOWITIVXM XIVNEXYLXIVXMRHMLHERXIVTIPIWIX
&ELE]E)PIOXVMOHMWIFEFOERTIVPEXER]ERKQIRKERHYRKPMWXVMO
&ELE]E /IFEOEVER HMWIFEFOER SPIL WYFWXERWM OMQME ]ERK FIVWMJEX QYHEL XIVFEOEV
b.
&ELE]ETIPIHEOERHMWIFEFOERSPILWYFXERWMOMQME]ERKWMJEXR]EI\TPSWMZI
Bahaya Kesehatan Kerja ( health hazard)
Gambar 54. Bahaya Kesehatan
&ELE]E /IWILEXER /IVNE LIEPXL LE^EVH EHEPEL NIRMW FELE]E ]ERK FIVHEQTEO TEHE OIWILEXER ]ERK QIR]IFEFOER KERKKYER OIWILEXER HER TIR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE.IRMWFELE]EOIWILEXERERXEVEPEMR]EMXY
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
103
&ELE]EJMWMOERXEVEPEMROIFMWMRKERKIXEVERWYLYIOWXVMQHER TIRGELE]EEER
&ELE]EOMQMEERXEVEPEMR]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKERQEXIVMEPWITIVXMEIVSWSP HYWXHERJYQIW
&ELE]EIVKSRSQMERXEVEPEMRKIVEOERFIVYPERKQERYEPLERHPMRK
&ELE]E&MSPSKMERXEVEPEMRFIVOEMXERHIRKERQELPYOLMHYT]ERKFIVEWEP HEVMPMRKOYRKEROIVNEWITIVXMFEOXIVMZMVYWHERNEQYV
&ELE]E4WMOSPSKMERXEVEPEMR]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKERFIFEROIVNE]ERK FIKMXYFIVEXHERLYFYRKEROSRHMWMOIVNE]ERKXMHEOR]EQER
2.
Resiko (risk) /IWIQTEXER YRXYO XIVNEHMR]E OIVYKMER FELE]E HER TIVQEWEPELER HEPEQ TVSWIW TVSHYOWM6IWMOSWERKEXQYRKOMRXIVNEHMHEPEQWIQYETVSWIWTVSHYOWMFEMOFIRKOIP QEYTYRTEFVMO&IVFEKEMGSRXSLVIWMOSERXEVEPEMR E
:EVMEWMMRHMZMHY]ERKFIVLYFYRKERHIRKEROIVIRXERER
F
.YQPELQERYWME]ERKXIVTENER
G
*VIOYIRWMTIQENERER
H
(IVENEXVMWMOSMRHMZMHY
I
/IQYRKOMRERTIRKIRHEPMERFELE]E
J
/IQYRKOMRERYRXYOQIRGETEMXMRKOEX]ERKEQER
K
%WTIOJMRERWMEPMRHMZMHY
L
4IRHETEXQEW]EVEOEX
M
8ERKKYRKNE[EFWSWMEP
7IQYE TIVQEWEPELER HMEXEW LEVYW HETEX HMOIRHEPMOER WILMRKKE TVSWIW TVSHYOWM HETEX FIVNEPER WIWYEM HIRKER TVSKVEQ ]ERK XIPEL HMVERGERK HER HETEX QIQMRMQEPOEROIGIPEOEEROIVNE
104
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 55. Resiko Di Tempat Kerja
6IWMOS HMHIJMRMWMOER WIFEKEM OIGIRHIVYRKER EOER XIVNEHMR]E WYEXY OINEHMER ]ERK FIVOEMXERIVEXHIRKERWYEXYEPXIVREXMJTIVWTIOXMJ]EMXYQIREVYLTIVLEXMERETE]ERK EOERXIVNEHMTEHE[EOXYOIHITERHEROIQYRKOMRERETETIR]IFEFOINEHMERXIVWIFYX 4EHE WEEX WMW[E QIPEOYOER TVEOXMOYQ NYKE EOER QIRMQFYPOER VIWMOS HER HMTIVXMQFERKOERFIVFEKEMTSXIRWMFELE]EWIVXEVIWMOS]ERKFMWEXIVNEHMEOMFEXWMWXIQ OIVNEEXEYGEVEOIVNETIRKKYREERQIWMREPEXHERFELERWIVXEPMRKOYRKERHMWEQTMRK JEOXSVQERYWMER]E 3.
Pencahayaan di lingkungan kerja 4IRGELE]EER ]ERK WIWYEM HEPEQ WYEXY VYERK LEVYW HMHETEXOER QEOE HMTIVPYOER WMWXIQTIRGELE]EER]ERKXITEXWIWYEMHIRKEROIFYXYLERR]E7MWXIQTIRGELE]EER HMVYERKERXIVQEWYOHMXIQTEXOIVNEHETEXHMFIHEOERQIRNEHMQEGEQ]EMXY a.
Sistem Pencahayaan Langsung (direct lighting) 7MWXIQ MRM GELE]E HMEVELOER WIGEVE PERKWYRK OI FIRHE ]ERK TIVPY HMXIVERKM 7MWXIQ MRM HMRMPEM TEPMRK IJIOXMJ HEPEQ QIRKEXYV TIRGELE]EER XIXETM EHE OIPIQELERR]E OEVIRE HETEX QIRMQFYPOER FELE]E WIVXE OIWMPEYER ]ERK QIRKKERKKYFEMOOEVIRETIR]MREVERPERKWYRKQEYTYROEVIRETERXYPERGELE]E +YRE QIRHETEXOER IJIO ]ERK STXMQEP HMWEVEROER PERKMPERKMX HMRHMRK WIVXE FIRHE ]ERK EHE HMHEPEQ VYERKER TIVPY HMFIVM [EVRE GIVEL EKEV XEQTEO QIR]IKEVOER
Gambar 56.Pencahayaan Langsung
b.
Pencahayaan Semi Langsung (semi direct lighting) 7MWXIQMRM GELE]EHMEVELOERPERKWYRKTEHEFIRHE]ERKTIVPYHMXIVERKM WMWER]EHMTERXYPOEROIPERKMXPERKMXHERHMRHMRK4IRGELE]EERHIRKERWMWXIQMRM QIQFYEX OIPIQELER WMWXIQ TIRGELE]EER PERKWYRK HETEX HMOYVERKM 0ERKMX PERKMX HER HMRHMRK ]ERK HMTPIWXIV TYXML QIQMPMOM IJMWMIR TIQERXYPER WIHERKOERETEFMPEHMGEXTYXMLIJMWMIRTIQERXYPERERXEVE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
105
Gambar 57. Pencahayaan Semi Langsung
c.
Sistem Pencahayaan Difus (general diffus lighting) 7MWXIQ MRM WIXIRKEL GELE]E HMEVELOER TEHE FIRHE ]ERK TIVPY HMWMREVM WMWER]E HMTERXYPOER OI PERKMXPERKMX HER HMRHRK 4IRGELE]EER WMWXIQ MRM XIVQEWYOWMWXIQdirect-indirect]EORMQIQERGEVOERWIXIRKELGELE]EOIFE[EL HERWMWER]EOIEXEW7MWXIQMRMQIQMPMOMQEWEPELFE]ERKERHEROIWMPEYER
d.
Sistem Pencahayaan Semi Tidak Langsung (semi indirect lighting) 7MWXIQ MRM GELE]E HMEVELOER OI PERKMXPERKMX HER HMRHMRK FEKMER EXEW WIHERKOERWMWER]EHMEVELOEROIFEKMERFE[EL+YREQIRHETEXOERLEWMP]ERK STXMQEPHMWEVEROERPERKMXPERKMXTIVPYHMFIVMOERTIVLEXMERWIVXEHMVE[EXHIRKER FEMO7MWXIQMRMQIQMPMOMQEWEPELFE]ERKERTVEOXMWWIVXEOIWMPEYERREQYRHETEX HMOYVERKM
Gambar 58. Pencahayaan Semi Tidak Langsung
e.
Sistem Pencahayaan Tidak Langsung (indirect lighting) 7MWXIQ MRM GELE]E HMEVELOER OI PERKMXPERKMX HER HMRHMRK FEKMER EXEW OIQYHMER HMTERXYPOER YRXYO QIRIVERKM WIPYVYL VYERKER 7IPYVYL PERKMXPERKMX HETEX QIRNEHM WYQFIV GELE]E HIRKER HMFIVMOER TIVLEXMER HER TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK FEMO /IYRXYRKER WMWXIQ MRM EHEPEL XMHEO QIRMQFYPOER FE]ERKER HER OIWMPEYER WIHERKOER OIVYKMERR]E QIRKYVERKM IJMWMIR GELE]E XSXEP ]ERK NEXYL TEHETIVQYOEEROIVNE
106
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 59. Pencahayaan Tidak Langsung
1IRYVYX &EQFERK 7YLEHVM FEL[E HEPEQ WMWXIQ TIRGELE]EER HM PMRKOYRKEROIVNENYKEHMFYXYLOERNIRMWNIRMWHEROSQTSRIRWMWXIQTIRGELE]EER ]EMXYWIFEKEMFIVMOYX 1)
Lampu Pijar (GLS) Lampu pijar bertindak sebagai ‘badan abuabu’ yang secara selektif memancarkan VEHMEWMHERLEQTMVWIPYVYLR]EXIVNEHMTEHEHEIVELREQTEO&SPEPEQTYXIVHMVMHEVM LEQTEYHEVEEXEYFIVMWMKEW]ERKHETEXQIRKLIRXMOERSOWMHEWMHEVMOE[EXTMNEV XYRKWXIR REQYR XMHEO EOER QIRKLIRXMOER TIRKYETER ;EVRE KIPET FSPE PEQTY HMOEVIREOERXYRKWXIR]ERKXIVYETOERQIRKIQFYRTEHETIVQYOEERPEQTY]ERK VIPEXMJHMRKMR &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Gambar 60. Instruktur Lampu Pijar
+EW inert QIRIOER XIVNEHMR]E TIRKYETER HER WIQEOMR FIWEV FIVEX QSPIOYPR]E EOER QEOMR QYHEL QIRIOER XIVNEHMR]E TIRKYETER 9RXYO PEQTY FMEWE HIRKER LEVKE]ERKQYVELHMKYREOERGEQTYVEREVKSRRMXVSKIRHIRKERTIVFERHMRKER HIRKERGMVMGMVM'MVMGMVM Efficacy –PYQIRW;EXX-RHIOW4IVYFELER;EVRE–% 7YLY;EVRE ,ERKEX / –/ 9QYV0EQTY –NEQ &EQFERK 7YLEHVM 2)
Lampu Tungsten – Halogen 0EQTYLEPSKIREHEPELWINIRMWPEQTYTMNEV0EQTYMRMQIQMPMOMOE[EXTMNEVXYRKWXIR WITIVXM PEQTY TMNEV FMEWE ]ERK HMKYREOER HM VYQEL XIXETM FSPE PEQTYR]E HMMWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
107
HIRKERKEWLEPSKIR%XSQXYRKWXIRQIRKYETHEVMOE[EXTMNEVTEREWHERFIVKIVEO REMO OI HMRHMRK TIRHMRKMR FSPE PEQTY %XSQ XYRKWXIR SOWMKIR HER LEPSKIR FIVKEFYRK TEHE HMRHMRK FSPE PEQTY QIQFIRXYO QSPIOYP SOWMLEPMHE XYRKWXIR &EQFERK7YLEHVM Gambar 61. Lampu Tungsten – Halogen
7YLY HMRHMRK FSPE PEQTY QIRNEKE QSPIOYP SOWMLEPMHE XYRKWXIR HEPEQ OIEHEER YET1SPIOYPFIVKIVEOOIEVELOE[EXTMNEVTEREWHMQEREWYLYXMRKKMQIQIGELR]E QIRNEHMXIVTMWELTMWEL%XSQXYRKWXIRHMWMQTEROIQFEPMTEHEHEIVELTIRHMRKMRER HEVMOE[EXTMNEV–FYOERHMXIQTEX]ERKWEQEHMQEREEXSQHMYETOER4IQIGELER FMEWER]E XIVNEHM HIOEX WEQFYRKER ERXEVE OE[EX TMNEV XYRKWXIR HER OE[EX XMQEL QSPMFHIRYQ HMQERE WYLY XYVYR WIGEVE XENEQ HIRKER 'MVMGMVM Efficacy – PYQIRW;EXX -RHIOW 4IVYFELER ;EVRE – % 7YLY ;EVRE – ,ERKEX / / 9QYV0EQTY–NEQ &EQFERK7YLEHVM 3)
Lampu Neon 0EQTYRISRLMRKKEOEPMPIFMLIJMWMIRHEVMTEHEPEQTYTMNEVWXERHEVHERHETEX FIVXELER LMRKKE OEPM PIFML E[IX 1IPI[EXOER PMWXVMO QIPEPYM YET KEW EXEY PSKEQ EOER QIR]IFEFOER VEHMEWM IPIOXVSQEKRIXMO TEHE TERNERK KIPSQFERK XIVXIRXY WIWYEM HIRKER OSQTSWMWM OMQME HER XIOERER KEWR]E 8EFYRK RISR QIQMPMOMYETQIVOYVMFIVXIOERERVIRHELHEREOERQIQERGEVOERWINYQPELOIGMP VEHMEWMFMVYLMNEYREQYROIFER]EOEREOERFIVYTE9:TEHERQHER RQ &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Gambar 62. Lampu Neon
Tabel 9. Karakteristik Kinerja Pencahayaan dari Luminer yang Umum digunakan(Bambang Suhadri, 2008)
108
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
109
1IRYVYX &EQFERK7YLEHVM QIRNIPEWOER FEL[E TEHE WMWXIQ TIRGELE]EER HMPMRKOYRKER OIVNE MRMHIRKER TIRIVERKER ]ERK XMHEO HMHIWEMR HIRKER FEMO EOER QIRMQFYPOER KERKKYER EXEY OIPIPELER TIRKPMLEXER WIPEQE OIVNE WILMRKKE EOER QIQTYR]EM HEQTEO TIRIVERKER ]ERK XMHEO FEMO XIVLEHET TIRKEVYL HER TIRIVERKER]ERKOYVERKQIQIRYLMW]EVEXEOERQIRKEOMFEXOER]EMXY E
/IPIPELER QEXE WILMRKKE FIVOYVERKR]E HE]E HER IJJMWMIRWM OIVNE TIRKEVYL OIPIPELERTEHEQEXEXIVWIFYXEOERFIVQYEVEOITEHETIRYVYRERTIVJSVQERWM OIVNEXIVQEWYO
/ILMPERKERTVSHYOXMZMXEW
/YEPMXEWOIVNEVIRHEL
&ER]EOXIVNEHMOIWEPELER
/IGIPEOEROIVNEQIRMRKOEX
F
/IPIPELERQIRXEP
G
/IPYLERTIKEPHMHEIVELQEXEHERWEOMXOITEPEHMWIOMXEVQEXE
H
/IVYWEOERMRHVEQEXEHERPEMRPEMR 4IRHIOEXER %TPMOEWM 4IRIVERKER HMXIQTEX OIVNE 1IRYVYX&EQFERK 7YLEHVM QIRNIPEWOER %TPMOEWM TIRIVERKER HMXIQTEX OIVNE WIGEVE YQYQ HETEXHMPEOYOERQIPEPYMIQTEXTIRHIOEXER]EMXY
(IWEMRXIQTEXOIVNEYRXYOQIRKLMRHEVMQEWEPELTIRIVERKER/IFYXYLER MRXIRWMXEW TIRIVERKER FEKM TIOIVNE LEVYW WIPEPY HMTIVXMQFERKOER TEHE [EOXYQIRHIWEMRFERKYRERTIQEWERKERQIWMRQIWMREPEXHERWEVERE OIVNE (IWEMR MRWXEPEWM TIRIVERKER LEVYW QEQTY QIRKSRXVSP GELE]E OIWMPEYERTERXYPERHERFE]ERKFE]ERKWIVXEYRXYOXYNYEROIWILEXERHER OIWIPEQEXEROIVNE
-HIRXMJMOEWM HER TIRMPEMER TVSFPIQ HER OIWYPMXER TIRIVERKER %KEV QEWEPEL TIRIVERKER ]ERK QYRGYP HETEX HMXERKERM HIRKER FEMO JEOXSV JEOXSV ]ERK LEVYW HMTIVLMXYRKOER EHEPEL WYQFIV TIRIVERKER TIOIVNE HEPEQ QIPEOYOER TIOIVNEERR]E NIRMW TIOIVNEER ]ERK HMPEOYOER HER PMRKOYRKEROIVNEWIGEVEOIWIPYVYLER
4IRKKYREER TIRGELE]EER EPEQM WMERK LEVM 1ERJEEX HEVM TIQEOEMER GELE]E EPEQM TEHE WMERK LEVM WYHEL HMOIREP HEVM TEHE GELE]E PMWXVMO REQYRGIRHIVYRKXIVNEHMTIRMRKOEXERTIRKEFEMERXIVYXEQETEHEVYERK
110
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
OERXSVQSHIVR]ERKFIVTIR]INYOHERTIVYWELEEROSQIVWMEPWITIVXMLSXIP TPE^ETIVFIPERNEERHERPEMRPEMR
Tabel 10. Tingkat Pencahayaan
8MRKOEX
'SRXSLGSRXSL%VIE/IKMEXER
TIRIVERKER PY\
0E]ERERTIRIVERKER]ERKQMRMQYQHEPEQEVIE
4IRGELE]EER 9QYQYRXYO
WMVOYPEWMPYEVVYERKERTIVXSOSERHMHEIVELXIVFYOE LEPEQERXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER
VYERKERHER EVIE]ERKNEVERK
8IQTEXTINEPEROEOM TERKKYRK
HMKYREOER
6YERKFSMPIV
HEREXEYXYKEW
,EPEQER8VEJSVYERKXYRKOYHPP
XYKEWEXEYZMWYEP WIHIVLERE
%VIEWMVOYPEWMHMMRHYWXVMTIVXSOSERHERVYERK TIR]MQTER 0E]ERERTIRIVERKER]ERKQMRMQYQHEPEQXYKEW 1INEHERQIWMROIVNEYOYVERWIHERKTVSWIWYQYQ
HEPEQMRHYWXVMOMQMEHERQEOEREROIKMEXER QIQFEGEQIQFYEXEVWMT
4IRGELE]EER YQYQYRXYO
4IQIVMOWEEROERXSVYRXYOQIRKKEQFEVTIVEOMXER
QIWMRHERFEKMER]ERKLEPYWTIOIVNEER[EVREXYKEW
MRXIVMSV
QIRKKEQFEVOVMXMW
4IOIVNEERQIWMRHERHMEXEWQINE]ERKWERKEXLEPYW
TIVEOMXERQIWMRTVIWMWMOIGMPHERMRWXVYQIR OSQTSRIRIPIOXVSRMOTIRKYOYVERHERTIQIVMOWEER FEKMEROIGMP]ERKVYQMX
4IRGELE]EER XEQFELERYRXYO
4IOIVNEERFIVTVIWMWMHERVMRGMWIOEPMQMWEP
XYKEWZMWYEP
MRWXVYQIRX]ERKWERKEXOIGMPTIQFYEXERNEQXERKER TIRKYOMVER
7YQFIV(EVM &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Sistem Ventilasi di lingkungan kerja :IRXMPEWMQIVYTEOERTVSWIWYRXYOQIRGEXYYHEVEWIKEVOIHEPEQFERKYRERFIRKOIP HEPEQNYQPEL]ERKWIWYEMOIFYXYLER&IRKOIPFER]EO]ERKOYVERKQIQTIVLEXMOER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM HEPEQ QIRGMTXEOER OSRHMWM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE ]ERK WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER TVSWIW TVSHYOWM QEYTYR OIR]EQERER TIOIVNE 4IQEWERKER WMWXIQ
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
111
ZIRXMPEWM XMHEO XITEX HETEX QIR]IFEFOER OIXMHEOR]EQERER EXEY FELOER HETEX QIRYVYROEROSRHMWMOIWILEXERTIOIVNE &EQFERK7YLEHVM 4IVQEWEPELER ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM HM HEPEQ FIRKOIP HMQERE OSRHMWM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE XMHEO WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER TVSWIW TVSHYOWM HER OIR]EQERERTIOIVNEHMWIFEFOEROEVIREXMHEOEHER]ETIVPIRKOETERWMWXIQZIRXMPEWM TEHE WYEXY TIVEPEXER [EOXY TVSWIW WIHERK FIVPERKWYRK 4IRKIRGIVER XIVLEHET OSRXEQMRER EXEY TEREW ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER SPIL WYQFIV EOER FIVPERKWYRK WIGEVE EPEQM 4IVXYOEVER YHEVE WIGEVE EPEQM HMWIFEFOER OIOYEXER ERKMR ]ERK QEWYO QIPEPYMPYFERKNIRHIPETMRXYTIRKEVYLTIVXYOEVERYHEVEPI[EXZIRXMPEWMEXETEXEY OEVIRE OIGITEXER HER EVEL ERKMR &EQFERK 7YLEHVM 1IRYVYX &EQFERK 7YLEHVM QIRNIPEWOERTIVQEWEPELER]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKERWMWXIQZIRXMPEWM HMHEPEQ MRHYWXVM WILMRKKE EOER FIVHEQTEO TEHE XMHEO OIR]EQERER TIOIVNE EHE FIFIVETEHEQTEO]ERKEOERHMXMQFYPOER]EMXYWIFEKEMFIVMOYX a.
Tidak ada perlengkapan sistem ventilasi 8MHEOEHER]ETIVPIRKOETERWMWXIQZIRXMPEWMTEHEWYEXYQIWMRTIVEPEXER[EOXY TVSWIW WIHERK FIVPERKWYRK TIRKIRGIVER XIVLEHET OSRXEQMRER EXEY TEREW ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER SPIL WYQFIV EOER FIVPERKWYRK WIGEVE EPEQM 4IVXYOEVER YHEVE WIGEVE EPEQM HMWIFEFOER OIOYEXER ERKMR ]ERK QEWYO QIPEPYM PYFERK NIRHIPETMRXY TIRKEVYL TIVXYOEVER YHEVE PI[EX ZIRXMPEWM EXET EXEY OEVIRE OIGITEXERHEREVELERKMR4ERGEVERHIFYYETPSKEQEXEYTYRKEWWYOEVYRXYO HMOIRHEPMOER LER]E HIRKER TIVXYOEVER YHEVE WIGEVE EPEQM &EQFERK 7YLEHVM
b.
Sistem ventilasi yang ada kurang memadai
4IQMPMLER XMTI ZIRXMPEWM XMHEO XITEX HER XMHEO WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER 'SRXSL TEHE WYEXY TVSWIW HMTEWERK canopyhood HIRKER XYNYER EKEV OSRXEQMRER ]ERK HMTERGEVOER HEVM WYQFIV HETEX HMOIPYEVOER HER XMHEO QIRGIQEVMXIREKEOIVNE &EQFERK7YLEHVM
112
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 63. Pemasangan Canopyhood
4IQEWERKER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM ]ERK XMHEO XITEX 'SRXSL KEQFEV ]ERK QIRYRNYOOER TIQEWERKER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM XMTI WPSX ]ERK HMTEWERK HM FE[EL XERKOM TVSWIW TIRGIPYTER ]ERK FIVMWM WSPZIR ]ERK QYHEL QIRKYET EQ]P EGIXEXI OIVNE &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Gambar 64. Ventilasi Sistem Slot
4IQEWERKERWMWXIQZIRXMPEWMXMHEOWIQTYVREETEFMPEYHEVE]ERKHMOIPYEVOEROI XIQTEXXIVFYOEHEVMWYEXYWMWXIQZIRXMPEWMQIRKERHYRKWINYQPELOSRXEQMRER WIHERK WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM XERTE HMPIRKOETM HIRKER EPEX TIQFIVWML WITIVXM scrubber, cyclone, bag house filter HER PEMRPEMR OIQYRKOMRER YHEVE XIVWIFYX WIFEKMER EOER QEWYO OIQFEPM HER QIRGIQEVM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE &EQFERK 7YLEHVM
c.
Perencanaan Pipa-Pipa (ductwork) yang Tidak Baik
Gambar 65. Ductwork
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
113
&IFIVETEMRHYWXVMXIPELQIQEWERKWMWXIQZIRXMPEWMTEHETVSWIWTVSWIWXIVXIRXY ]ERK HMTIVOMVEOER WIFEKEM WYQFIV HMTERGEVOERR]E OSRXEQMRER HIRKER TMTE ]ERKFIVFIRXYOWIKMIQTEXWITIVXMTEHEKEQFEV]ERKWIHERKFIRXYOTMTE]ERK FEMOEHEPELTMTEFYPEX &EQFERK7YLEHVM
%HE TMTETMTE ]ERK LEVYW HMFYEX QIQFIPSO elbow ]ERK FIPYQ FER]EO HMTIVLEXMOER HEPEQ TIQEWERKERR]E WITIVXM XIVPMLEX TEHE KEQFEV ]ERK FIRXYO elbow ]ERK FEMO FMPE NEVMNEVM elbow PIFML FIWEV HEVM HMEQIXIV duct &EQFERK 7YLEHVM
Gambar 66. Pipa Membelok
4EHE TIQFYEXER TMTETMTE GEFERK FER]EO ]ERK FIVFYEX OIOIPMVYER &IRXYO TMTETMTE GEFERK ]ERK FEMO FMPE WYHYX ERXEVE TMTE MRHYO HIRKER TMTE GEFERK WIFIWEVEXEYOYVERK &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Gambar 67. Bentuk Pipa Cabang
d.
Pemilihan Fan &ER]EO TIVYWELEER QIQEWERK JER ]ERK XMHEO XITEX FEMO FIRXYO QEYTYR XIREKE ]ERKHMTIVPYOER%OMFEXR]EOIOYEXERLMWETHMHEPEQHYGXWERKEXOIGMPHIQMOMERTYPE GETXYVI ZIPSGMX] WILMRKKE WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM MRM XMHEO HETEX QIRKLMWET WIPYVYL OSRXEQMRER ]ERK HMTERGEVOER HEVM WYQFIV FELOER OSRXEQMRER ]ERK EHE HMLEQFYVOER OI PYEV HER QIRGIQEVM YHEVE PMRKOYRKER OIVNE 1IRYVYX &EQFERK 7YLEHVM QIRNIPEWOER TIQMPMLER WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM HMMRHYWXVM EHE FIFIVETE GSRXSLXMTIWMWXIQZIRXMPEWM]ERKHETEXHMKYREOERYRXYOOITIVPYERSTIVEWMHMHEPEQ WYEXYMRHYWXVM]EMXYWIFEKEMFIVMOYX a)
Comfort Ventilation 4IVXYOEVER YHEVE EHEPEL QIVYTEOER WYEXY GEVE HMQERE FEKMER HEPEQ WYEXY VYERKERHMTEREWOEREXEYHMHMRKMROEREXEYQIRKYFELOIPIQFEFERYHEVEYRXYO
114
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIRKIRHEPMOER WYEXY TVSWIW EXEY QIQFYEX OIEHEER QIRNEHM R]EQER 4IVXYOEVER YHEVE YRXYO QIQFYEX OIEHEER QIRNEHM R]EQER HMOIREP WIFEKEM comfort ventilation 'SRXSL TIRKKYREER EMV GSRHMXMSR YRXYO QIRMRKOEXOER TIVEWEER R]EQER HER IREO WIPEQE FIOIVNE 6EWE R]EQER HEPEQ LEP MRM HMTERHERK WYEXY OILEVYWER HEVM TEHE WYEXY OIFYXYLER &EQFERK 7YLEHVM b)
Dilution Ventilation &IFERTEREW]ERKXMRKKMTERGEVERKEWEXEYYETEXEYOSRXEQMRERPEMRHMHEPEQ WYEXY VYERKER HETEX HMOIRHEPMOER HIRKER GEVE QIQEWYOOER YHEVE WIKEV OI HEPEQ VYERKER XIVWIFYX XIVNEHM TIRKIRGIVER HER QIRKLMWET OI PYEV YHEVE OSRXEQMRER HEVM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE 'EVE MRM HMWIFYX dilution ventilation 'EVE MRM WERKEXFEMOYRXYOQIRKIRHEPMOERFIFERTEREWWIVMRKOEPMHETEXHMKYREOERHER FIVLEWMP HIRKER FEMO YRXYO QIRKIRHEPMOER YET FELER OMQME SVKERMO HM YHEVE XIQTEX OIVNE EXEY HEVM PEVYXERPEVYXER ]ERK QIRKYET TEHE WYLY OEQEV &EQFERK7YLEHVM
c)
Local Exhaust Ventilation Local Exhaust Ventilation FIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRKIPYEVOERYHEVEOSRXEQMRERHEVM WYQFIV XERTE QIQFIVM OIWIQTEXER OITEHE OSRXEQMRER YRXYO QIRKEHEOER HMJYWM HIRKER YHEVE HM HEPEQ PMRKOYRKER OIVNE 9QYQR]E local exhaust ventilation HMXIQTEXOER WERKEX HIOEX HIRKER WYQFIV IQMWM 4IRKKYREERR]E PIFML QIRKYRXYRKOER HMFERHMRKOER HIRKER HMPYXMSR ZIRXMPEXMSR HIRKER QIRKLMWET OI PYEV OSRXEQMRER HEVM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE HER QIRKIRHETOER OSRXEQMRER HEPEQ WYEXY OSPIOXSV FIVEVXM QIQFYEX local exhaust ventilation HMXIQTEXOER WERKEX HIOEX HIRKER WYQFIV IQMWM 4IRKKYREERR]E PIFML QIRKYRXYRKOER HMFERHMRKOER HIRKER dilution ventilation &EQFERK 7YLEHVM
d)
Exhausted Enclosure /IGITEXER ]ERK WERKEX XMRKKM HEVM OSRXEQMRER ]ERK HMTERGEVOER HEVM WYEXY WYQFIVHERQIVYTEOERFELER]ERKWERKEXFIVEGYRLEVYWHMOIRHEPMOERHIRKER TVSWIW MWSPEWM HER WIPERNYXR]E YRXYO ZIRXMPEWM TEHE VYERK XIVWIFYX HMPEOYOER QIRKKYREOER TIRKIRHEPMER NEVEO NEYL 8IREKE OIVNE ]ERK WI[EOXY[EOXY QEWYO OI VYERKER XIVWIFYX TIVPY QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM HMPIRKOETM breathing apparatus &EQFERK7YLEHVM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
115
e)
Clean Room Ventilation &IFIVETE TVSWIW MRHYWXVM LEVYW QIRKYWELEOER EKEV HIFY HM HEPEQ VYERKER OIVNE XIXET HEPEQ OIEHEER FMEWE WITIVXM OIEHEER HM PYEV VYERKER EHEPEL QIVYTEOER WYEXY QEWEPEL 4EHE TIQFYEXER gyroscopes QMWEPR]E HER NYKE TIRKKYREERMRWXVYQIRPEMR]ERKQIQIVPYOEREOYVEWMXMRKKMHMOIVNEOERHMHEPEQ VYERKER ]ERK FIVWML &EQFERK 7YLEHVM 7MWXIQ TIVXYOEVER YHEVE HEVM FIFIVETE OEQEV ]ERK WEPMRK FIVLYFYRKER HMTEWERK JMPXIV ]ERK QIQTYR]EM IJMOWMIRWMXMRKKMYRXYOQIQFIVMYHEVEWIKEV]ERKHMXIQTEXOERWIHIOEXQYRKOMR HIRKER XIQTEX OIVNE *MPXIV QYRKOMR EOER QIRYXYT WEPEL WEXY HMRHMRK WMWM VYERKER EXEYEXETVYERKERHERHMFYEXPYFERKHMWEPELWEXYWMWMEXEYHMPERXEM VYERKERYRXYOQIRKIPYEVOEROSRXEQMRER &EQFERK7YLEHVM
Sistem peringatan dini terhadap kebakaran 7MWXIQ TIVMRKEXER HMRM XIVLEHET FELE]E OIFEOEVER EHEPEL WMWXIQ TIVMRKEXER ]ERK EOER QIQFIVMOER XERHE ETEFMPE XIVHETEX OIFEOEVER7YQFIV OIFEOEVER WERKEXPEL FER]EOHERFIVEKEQSPILOEVIREMXYTIVPYHMFYEXTIVMRKEXERHMRMOIFEOEVER&IOIVNE TEHEPMRKOYRKEROIPMWXVMOERWERKEXVE[ERXIVLEHETFELE]EOIFEOEVERFEMOOEVIRE PMWXVMOWXEXMWQEYTYROEVIREPMWXVMOHMREQMW/IFEOEVERPMWXVMOWIFIREVR]EXMHEOTIVPY XIVNEHM NMOE W]EVEXW]EVEX TIQEWERKER HER OIEQERERR]E XIVTIRYLM 4EHE WMWXIQ NEVMRKER PEQE YRXYO WEQTEM TEHE TIQEOEM HMTIVKYREOER WMWXIQ TIRKEQER FIVXMRKOEXWILMRKKEOIQYRKOMREROIFEOEVERWIFEKEMEOMFEXXMQFYPR]ETEREW]ERK FIVPIFML WERKEX OIGMP /IFEOEVER XIVNEHM OEVIRE XMRHEOER HEVM TEVE TIQEOEM HE]E PMWXVMOWIRHMVM]ERKXMHEOTELEQXIRXERKFELE]EPMWXVMO7MWXIQTIVMRKEXERHMRMMRMHETEX FIVYTEEPEXEPEXTIRKEQERFELE]EOIFEOEVERHMERXEVER]E a.
Smoke detector Smoke detector EXEY HIXIOXSV EWET EOER FIOIVNE ETEFMPE XIVHETEX EWET TEHE VYERKER]ERKXIVTEWERKEPEXMRM. Smoke detectorEOERFIOIVNEWIGEVESXSQEXMW OEVIREHMHEPEQWMWXIQEPEXMRMHMPIRKOETMWIRWSVEWET7IRWSVEWETEOERFIOIVNE QIRKMVMQOERWMR]EPOITEHEWEPYVEREMV]ERKFMEWER]EXIVLYFYRKHIRKEREPEXMRM 7MR]EP ]ERK HMXIVMQE EOER HMYFEL QIRNEHM TIVMRXEL YRXYO QIR]IQTVSXOER EMV TEHEWEEXMXYNYKE
116
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 68. Smoke Detector
b.
Fire alarm Fire alarmEOERFIOIVNEETEFMPEWIRWSVHEVMEPEXMRMHMWIRXYL7IFEKMERFIWEVfire alarm QIRKKYREOER GEVE WIRXYL HEPEQ TIRKKYREER]E Fire alarm ]ERK XIVWIRXYL XERKER QERYWME HIRKER GEVE HMTIRGIX EOER QIRKMVMQOER WMR]EP OITEHE FIP ]ERK OIQYHMER EOER QIRKIPYEVOER FYR]M WMVMRI OIFEOEVER 7LMKMX 4YVRSQS
Gambar 69. Fire Alarm
c.
APAR (Fire Extinguisher) 4IVEPEXERMRMQIVYTEOERTIVEPEXERVIEOWMGITEXQYPXMKYREOEVIREHETEXHMTEOEM YRXYOOIFEOEVERNIRMWFELER]ERKQYHELXIVFEOEV^EXGEMVHEROIFEOEVERHEPEQ TIVEPEXERPMWXVMO4IVEPEXERMRMQIQTYR]EMYOYVERFIVEXR]E]ERKWIWYEMHIRKER FIWEVOIGMPR]EVIWMOSOIFEOEVER]ERKQYRKOMRXMQFYPHMHEIVELXIVWIFYX&ELER ]ERK EHE HEPEQ XEFYRK TIQEHEQ ETM XIVWIFYX EHE ]ERK HEVM FELER OMQME OIVMRK JVEQ FYWE HER '3 &ELER ,EPSR XMHEO QIRHETEX MNMR HMKYREOER HM -RHSRIWME 7LMKMX4YVRSQS
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
117
Gambar 70. Fire Extinguisher
&ELER]ERKEHEHEPEQXEFYRKTIQEHEQETMXIVWIFYXEHE]ERKHEVMFELEROMQME OIVMRKJVEQFYWE'3EMVHER^EXOMQMEFEWEL&ELER,EPSRXMHEOQIRHETEXMNMR HMKYREOERHM-RHSRIWME%PEXMRMHMXIQTEXOERTEHEXIQTEX]ERKTEPMRKQYRKOMR XIVNEHM OIFEOEVER XIXETM XMHEO XIVPEPY HIOEX XIVLEHET OIQYRKOMRER XIVOIRE OIFEOEVER WIRHMVM EXEY SVERKSVERK XIVLEHERK OIXMOE EOER QIRKKYREOERR]E 7LMKMX7YVRSQS E.
Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja: 4IRGIKELERXIVNEHMR]EOIGIPEOEEROIVNEHMPEOYOERQIPEPYMFIVFEKEMLEP]EMXY 4IRKIRHEPMER&ELE]E(M8IQTEX/IVNE E
4IQERXEYER/SRHMWM8MHEO%QER
F
4IQERXEYER8MRHEOER8MHEO%QER
4IQFMREERHER4IRKE[EWER E 4IPEXMLERHER4IRHMHMOER F /SRWIPMRK /SRWYPXEWM G 4IRKIQFERKER7YQFIV(E]E 7MWXIQ1ERENIQIR E 4VSWIHYVHER%XYVER F 4IR]IHMEER7EVEREHER4VEWEVERE c. 4IRKLEVKEERHER7EROWM 0EFSVEXSVMYQ QIRKERHYRK WINYQPEL FELE]E OLYWYW SPIL OEVIRER]E QIQFYXYLOERXMRHEOERXMRHEOERTIRGIKELER&IVMOYXEHEPELXEFIPFIFIVETEFELE]E ]ERKHMNYQTEMHMPEFSVEXSVMYQHERXMRHEOERTIRGIKELER]ERKHETEXHMEQFMPQIRYVYX Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulation 1992
118
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Tabel 11. Bahaya di Laboratorium dan Tindakan Pencegahannya
Lokasi 0ERXEM
Bahaya (MTIP
HER
PMGMR
Peringatan dan Pencegahan 4EOEMPELWEFYRTIP]ERKXMHEOPMGMR 8YXYTMPERXEMHIRKERQEXVEWERXMWIPMT .MOEPEGMEXEWFIVEXOEFMRIXHETEXVYFYLWEEXPEGMHMFYOE
0EGM XIVPEPY
7MQTERQYEXER]ERKFIVPIFMLERTEHEPEGMTEPMRKFE[EL
TIRYL
7ERHEVOER OEFMRIX OI HMRHMRK EXEY WEPMRK QIQYRKKYRKM OEFMRIX PEMRR]E
/EFMRIXEVWMT 0EGM
1IQFELE]EOERHERQIRKLEPERKMNEPER
HMFMEVOER
4EWXMOERPEGMXIVXYXYTFMPEXMHEOHMKYREOER
XIVFYOE /EFIP ]ERK
4MRHELOEREXEYQEWYOOEROIHEPEQVIPOEFIPOLYWYW]ERKVEXEHIRKER
QIPMRXEWM
PERXEM
PERXEM /SRHMWM
0EOYOER MRWTIOWM OSXEO OSRXEO WSOIX OEFIP HER TIVEPEXER PMWXVMO
4IVEPEXER
OEFIP
HER
WIGEVE VYXMR SPIL XIORMWM ]ERK FIVOYEPMJMOEWM HER QIPEOYOER
PMWXVMO
PEMRPEMR
TIRKKERXMER]ERKVYWEO
4IVEPEXER
1IPEVERK TIRKKYREER TIVEPEXER ]ERK XMHEO FIVLYFYRKER HIRKER
TVMFEHM
TIOIVNEER
4IVFEMOER
,ER]EHMPEOYOERSPILXIORMWMFIVOYEPMJMOEWM
TIVEPEXER
4IVEPEXEROIPMWXVMOERLEVYWHMMWSPEWMHIRKERFEMO &YEXPELPEVERKERQIVSOSO
1IVSOSO
7IHMEOERVYERKOLYWYWQIVSOSOHIRKERJEWMPMXEWQIQEXMOERTYRXYRK VSOSO
8MRHEOER TIRGIKELER OIFEOEVER
%PEX
4MPMLPELWIWYEMHIRKERNIRMWETM
TIQEHEQ
(MMRWTIOWMHERHMTIPMLEVEWIGEVEVYXMR
ETM
(MTEWERKQIXIVHEVMTIVQYOEERPERXEM
6YXI IZEOYEWM 4MRXY OIPYEV HEVYVEX
/IVERNERK WEQTELOIVXEW
-WMR]E
(MXERHEMHIRKERNIPEW 8MHEOFSPILXIVLEPERKETETYR (MOIXELYMSPILWIPYVYLWXEJ 8MHEOFSPILXIVOYRGMHMWITERNERK[EOXY .MOELEVYWHMOYRGMOEVIREEPEWEROIEQERERWIHMEOERFEPSO(panic bar) EXEYOEGE]ERKQYHELHMTIGELOER ,ER]EOIVXEW 6IWMOSOIFEOEVERHEVMTYRXYRKVSOSOFIVMXERHEHMPEVERKQIVSOSO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
119
&IRHEFIRHEPEMRWIPEMROIVXEWLEVYWHMFYRKOYWXIVTMWELEKEVTIXYKEW OIFIVWMLERQYHELQIRKEQFMP /IVERNERKLEVYWXIVFYEXHEVMFELER]ERKWYPMXXIVFEOEV Display screen equipment
;SVOWXEXMSR
8EXEPIXEOR]ELEVYWIVKSRSQMW
)QMWM
0IZIPWERKEXVIRHELXMHEOFIVIWMOSXIVLEHETOIWILEXERHEROILEQMPER
VEHMEWM :IRXMPEWM
.IRHIPE]ERKHETEXHMFYOEHERHMXYXYT
EPEQM :IRXMPEWM
/MTEW ERKMR ]ERK QIRIQTIP TEHE NIRHIPE EXEY HMRHMRK LEVYW EHE
:IRXMPEWM
TIRKEQERFMPELOMTEW
PMWXVMO
/MTEWERKMRFIVHMVM 7MWXIQTIRGELE]EERFYEXERLEVYWHMVERGERKHIRKERFEMO
4IRGELE]EER
0IZIP ]ERK
1IRKLMPERKOEROIWMPEYER
GYOYT
1IRKKYREOERGELE]EEPEQMNMOEQYRKOMR .MOEWMREVQEXELEVMQIR]MPEYOERTEWERKPELXMVEM
4IRKKYREER TETER TIRERHE OIWIPEQEXER ]ERK FIREV HM XIQTEX OIVNE HETEX QIRKKEPEOOER MRWXVYOWMMRWXVYOWM HER EXYVEREXYVER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE QIQFIVM MRJSVQEWM EXEW VIWMOS HERXMRHEOER TIRGIKELER ]ERK LEVYW HMEQFMP .IRMW FIRXYO HER [EVRE YRXYO TETER TIRERHE OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE XIVGERXYQ HEPEQ Health dan Safety Executive, 2009) Safety Sign an Signals Regulation 1996 &IVMOYX QIVYTEOER XEFIP [EVRE HERQEOREHEVMQEWMRKQEWMRKTIRERHE Tabel 12. Empat Warna Penanda dan Makna Penanda Keselamatan Kerja
Warna
Makna
Keterangan 8MRHEOER ]ERK HMTIVPMLEXOER 8-(%/ FSPIL
1IVEL
4IRERHEPEVERKER
HMPEOYOER
4IRERHEFIVFELE]E
1IQEXMOER QIRKIZEOYEWM QIRKSTIVEWMOER
4IVEPEXERTIQEHEQETM
EPEXEPEXHEVYVEXQIRKLIRXMOERXMRHEOER -HIRXMJMOEWMTIVEPEXERHERPSOEWMR]E
/YRMRK
4IRERHETIVMRKEXER
&MVY
4IRERHETIVMRXEL
,MNEY
120
4IRERHE OIWIPEQEXER
&IVLEXMLEXM EQFMPPEL XMRHEOER TIRGIKELER PEOYOERHIRKERLEXMLEXM -RWXVYOWM,%697HMMOYXM 4IVEPEXER]ERKHMXYRNYOOER,%697HMOIREOER
MRJSVQEWM
6YPIOIPYEVHEVYVEXPSOEWMTSW4/
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4IRERHETIRERHE]ERKHMR]EXEOERHIRKERHIRKER [EVRE[EVREXIVWIFYXHMEXEWXIVHMVM HEVMHIWEMRHERFIRXYOXIVXIRXY
4IRERHE PEVERKER FIRXYO PMRKOEVER TMOXSKVEQ LMXEQ HM EXEW HEWEV TYXML KEVMW PMRKOEVER HER HMEKSREP [EVRE QIVEL &IVMOYX EHEPEL KEQFEV TIRERHE PEVERKER ,IEPXLERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZI
Gambar 71. Penanda Larangan
4IRERHETIQEHEQOIFEOEVER TIVWIKMTERNERKEXEYFYNYVWERKOEVTMOXSKVEQTYXML HMEXEWHEWEVQIVEL 7YQFIV ,IEPXLERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZI
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
121
Gambar 72. Penanda Pemandam Kebakaran
4IRERHE TIVMRKEXER FIRXYO WIKMXMKE TMOXSKVEQ LMXEQ HM EXEW HEWEV OYRMRK TMRKKMVERFIV[EVRELMXEQ 7YQFIV ,IEPXLERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZI
Gambar 73. Penanda Peringatan
122
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4IRERHETIVMRXEL FIRXYOPMRKOEVERTMOXSKVEQHMEXEWHEWEVFMVY 7YQFIV ,IEPXL ERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZI
Gambar 74. Penanda Perintah
4IRERHE MRJSVQEWM OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE TIVWIKM TERNERK EXEY FYNYV WERKOEV TMOXSKVEQTYXMLHMEXEWHEWEVLMNEYLEVYWOSRWMWXIRHMWIPYVYLXIQTEXOIVNE 7YQFIV ,IEPXLERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZI
Gambar 75. Penanda Informasi Keselamatan Kerja
4IQEWERKER TETER TIRERHE TIVMRKEXER QEWML XIXET TIVPY HMPEOYOER YRXYO QIRYRNYOOER WMJEX VIWMOS HER XMRHEOER TIRGIKELER ETEFMPE QEWML EHE VIWMOS VIWMHYEP
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
123
WIXIPELTIRMPEMERVIWMOS .SLR6MHPI] /SRHMWMEXEYQEXIVMEPXIVXIRXYHMPEFSVEXSVMYQ HETEX QIRMQFYPOER TIRKEVYL XIVLEHET OIWILEXER TIVWSRIP 1IQELEQM OSRHMWM HER QEXIVMEPXIVWIFYXFIWIVXEFIRXYOFIRXYOR]E]ERKQIQFELE]EOEREOERQIQFYOEYTE]E QIRKLMPERKOEREXEYQIRKYVERKMVIWMOS&IFIVETEOEWYWFELE]ER]EHETEXHMOIXELYMHER KINEPER]EHETEXHMOIREPM&IVMOYXHMFE[ELMRMQIVYTEOERGSRXSLQEXIVMEPHERTIRKEVYL EXEYVIEOWMXIVLEHETXYFYL Tabel 13. Pengaruh Kondisi atau Material Terhadap Tubuh
Kondisi/material
Reaksi tubuh .MOE XIVLMVYT HETEX QIR]IFEFOER pneumokoniosis VEHERK TEVY
(IFY
TEVY (IFYHIFY OLYWYW HETEX QIR]IFEFOER TIR]EOMX OLYWYW EWFIW (asbesiosis, mesotelioma) WMPMOE (silikosis) HIFY FEXYFEVE (pneumokoniosis) >EXMRMHETEXQEWYOOIXYFYLQIPEPYMEWYTERGEMVERLMVYTEREWET TIR]IVETER QIPEPYM OYPMX >EX TIPEVYX HETEX QIRMQFYPOER IJIO
>EXTIPEVYX
FMYWTEHEWMWXIQWEVEJIJIOVEGYRTEHESVKERXYFYL LEXMKMRNEP HER WYQWYQ XYPERK IJIO MVMXEWM QIPEPYM TIRKLERGYVER PIQEO OYPMX >EXFIVYTEEWEQHEREPOEPM(ETEXQIRKLERGYVOERNEVMRKERXYFYL
/SVSWMJ
(ETEX HMIRGIVOER HIRKER QIQFIVM FER]EO EMV /EWYW OIHYER]E QIQFYXYLOERTIVXSPSRKERQIHMW (EPEQ FIRXYO HIFY EXEY GEMVER HETEX FIVIEOWM HIRKER OMPMX HER
-VMXER
QIR]IFEFOERHIVQEXMXMW.MOEXIVLMVYTHETEXQIRMQFYPOERMVMXEWM HERJMFVSWMWTEHETEVYTEVY
%PEX OIVNE ]ERK FIVKIXEV /IFMWMRKER
1IR]IFEFOER PYOEPYOE HM XERKER HER PIRKER 1IR]IFEFOER TIR]IQTMXER TIQFYPYL HEVEL HM XERKER HE[EPM HEVM NEVMNEVM QIQYGEXHERQEXMVEWE /ILMPERKER
TIRHIRKEVER
EOMFEX
MQFEW
FMWMRK
(ETEX
QIR]IFEFOEROITIREXER(fatigue)HERHMWSVMIRXEWM 6IEOWM TWMOSPSKMW XIVLEHET JEOXSVJEOXSV ]ERK FIVEHE HM PYEV
8IOERER
OIRHEPM QERYWME WITIVXM XYRXYXER OIVNE FIVEHE HM EXEW EXEY HM
WXIVIWW
FE[EL OIQEQTYER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE LYFYRKER TIOIVNE HIRKER WIWEQETIOIVNEEXEYSVKERMWEWM
124
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 76. Ilustrasi Pentingnya Pengaruh Kondisi Lingkungan
8IQTEX OIVNE [EPEYTYR QIRKERHYRK WYQFIVWYQFIV FELE]E FEKM OIWILEXER REQYR FELE]E XIVWIFYX HETEX HMGIKEL ]EMXY HIRKER FIFIVETE TIVPIRKOETER HER XIORMO ]ERK HETEXHMTEOEMQIPMRHYRKMTIOIVNEHEVMFELE]EXIVWIFYX4IVW]EVEXERXIRXERKTIR]IHMEER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM (personal protective equipment-PPE) XIVGERXYQ HEPEQ Personal Protective Equipment at WorkRegulations 1992%XEWERLEVYWQIR]IHMEOERTIVPMRHYRKER XIVLEHETFELE]EOITEHEOIWIPYVYLERTIVWSRIPPEFSVEXSVMYQ4IRKKYREER44)HMKYREOER NMOE QIXSHIQIXSHI TIVPMRHYRKER ]ERK PIFML PYEW XIVR]EXE XMHEO TVEOXMW HER XMHEO XIVNERKOEY (M FE[EL MRM QIVYTEOER XEFIP GSRXSL TIVPMRHYRKER ]ERK HMWIHMEOER SPIL FIFIVETENIRMW44) Tabel 14. Perlindungan yang Disediakan Beberapa PPE
Bagian Tubuh
Bahaya &IRHEFIRHENEXYL
/ITEPE
,IPQOIVEW,IPQIQTYO
6YERK]ERKWIQTMX
8STMLEVRIXEXEYTIQERKOEWERVEQFYX
6EQFYXXIVNIVEX 8IPMRKE TIRHIRKEVER
1EXE
8YXYT XIPMRKE HIRKER (ear muff) EXEY
7YEVEFMWMRK (IFY
OIVWMO
PPE
WYQFEXXIPMRKEHIRKER(ear plug) TEVXMOIPTEVXMOIP
/EGEQEXETIPMRHRYRK(goggles)TIPMRHYRK
FIXIVFERKER VEHMEWM PEWIV FYRKE [ENEL ETMPEW
9RXYO
VEHMEWM
HER
PEWIV
QIRKKYREOERgogglesOLYWYW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
125
4EVY
(IFY
1EWOIV[ENELVIWTMVEXSV
%WET
6IWTMVEXSV
HIRKER
JMPXIV
TIR]IVET
+EW FIVEGYR HER EXQSWJIV WIHMOMX OIIJIOXMJERR]EXIVFEXEW
8ERKER
SOWMKIR
%PEXFERXYTIVREJEWER
8ITMXITMHERYNYRK]ERKXENEQ
7EVYRKXERKERTIPMRHYRK
>EXOMQMEOSVSWMJ
7EVYRKXEKERXELERFELEROMQME
8IQTIVEXYVXMRKKMVIRHEL
7EVYRKXERKERMRWYPEWM
8IVTIPIWIX FIRHE XENEQ HM PERXEM
/EOM
FIRHENEXYLTIVGMOERPSKEQGEMV /SXSVERHERFELEROSVSWMJVMRKER
/YPMX
/SVSWMOYEXHER^EXTIPEVYX
8SVWSHERXYFYL
>EXTIPEVYXOIPIQFEFERHWF %XQSWJIV ]ERK FIVFELE]E YET FIVEGYRHIFYVEHMSEOXMJ 8IVNEXYL
/IWIPYVYLERXYFYL
/IRHEVEERFIVKIVEO
/VMQTIPMRHYRK 4IPMRHYRK ]ERK OIHET WITIVXM WEVYRK XERKERHERGIPIQIO 'IPIQIOSZIVEPP 4EOEMER FIVXIOERER YHEVE (pressurized suits) 8EPMXIQEPMTIPMRHYRK &ENYEXEYVSQTM]ERKXIVPMLEXHMOIKIPETER &ENYTIPMRHYRKOLYWYW
+IVKENMVERXEM 8IQTIVEXYVXMRKKM 'YEGEIOWXVMQ
7ITEXYTIRKEQERWIPYFYRKOEOM(gaiter)
&ENYXELERTEREW &ENYYRXYOWIKEPEGYEGE
&IFIVETEXIORMOFEOY]ERKHETEXHMKYREOERHEPEQTIQIPMLEVEEROIWILEXERTIOIVNE]ERK QIPMTYXM TIRKEQFMPER XMRHEOER TIRGIKELER TIR]EOMX ]ERK QIQFIVMOER WEVEREWEVERE YRXYO QIRGIKEL TIOIVNE FIVOSRXEO HIRKER WYFWXERWMWYFWXERWM FIVFELE]E HER QIQEWXMOERFEL[ENMOETEVETIOIVNEXIVFYOEGIHIVER]EHMVE[EXHIRKERFIREV'EOYTER JEWMPMXEW OIWILEXERR]E XIVKERXYRK TEHE VIWMOS ]ERK HMLEHETM QMWEPR]E WIQEOMR XMRKKM VIWMOSWIQEOMRPYEWPELGEOYTERJEWMPMXEWXIVWIFYX.YQPELTIXYKEW4/LEVYWQIRGYOYTM WIWYEMTIVW]EVEXER]ERKXIVGERXYQHEPEQ Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulation 1981, WIXMET PMQE TYPYL TIOIVNE WEXY TIXYKEW 4/ /SXEO 4/ QMRMQEP LEVYW QIQYEX OEVXY TIXYRNYOFYRKOYWTIVFERFEPYXWXIVMPTIVIOEXFYRKOYWTIVFERWIKMXMKEFYELTIRMXM FYRKOYWTIVFERFEPYXWXIVMPFIVYOYVERWIHERKXERTESFEXFYRKOYWTIVFERFEPYXWXIVMP FIVYOYVERFIWEVXERTESFEXFYRKOYWTIVFERFEPYXWXIVMPFIVYOYVERIOWXVEXERTESFEX TEWERKWEVYRKXERKERWIOEPMTEOEMHERXEQTEPQEXEWXIVMP*EWMPMXEW4/LEVYWQYHEL HMNERKOEYSPILTEVEXEQYOSRXVEOXSVOIXMOEQIVIOEXIPELHMFIVMMNMRYRXYOFIVEHEHEPEQ PMRKOYRKERPEFSVEXSVMYQ
126
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
F.
Penerapan K 7]EVEXTIRIVETER/ /IWIPEQEXERHER/IWILEXER/IVNE HMXIQTEXOIVNEXIVHETEX HEPEQ 9RHERK9RHERK 2S 8ELYR XIRXERK /IWIPEQEXER /IVNE TEWEP 8IVHETEX W]EVEXHEWEVOIWIPEQEXEROIVNEHMXIQTEXOIVNEWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
1IRGIKEL QIRKYVERKMOIGIPEOEEROIVNE
1IRGIKELQIRKYVERKM QIQEHEQOEROIFEOEVER
1IRGIKEL QIRKYVERKMFELE]ETIPIHEOER
1IQFIVMNEPYVIZEOYEWMOIEHEERHEVYVEX
1IQFIVM4//IGIPEOEER/IVNE
1IQFIVM%4( %PEX4IPMRHYRK(MVM TEHEXIREKEOIVNE
1IRGIKEL QIRKIRHEPMOER XMQFYPR]E TIR]IFEVER WYLY OIPIQFEFER HIFY OSXSVEREWETYETKEWVEHMEWMOIFMWMRKER KIXEVER
1IRGIKELHERQIRKIRHEPMOER4IR]EOMX%OMFEX/IVNE 4%/ HEROIVEGYRER
4IRIVERKER]ERKGYOYTHERWIWYEM
7YLYHEROIPIQFEFERYHEVE]ERKFEMO 1IR]IHMEOERZIRXMPEWM]ERKGYOYT 1IQIPMLEVEOIFIVWMLEROIWILEXER OIXIVXMFER /IWIVEWMERXIREKEOIVNETIVEPEXERPMRKOYRKERGEVE TVSWIWOIVNE 1IRKEQEROER QIQTIVPERGEVTIRKERKOYXERQERYWMEFMREXERKXEREQER FEVERK 1IRKEQEROER QIQIPMLEVEWIKEPENIRMWFERKYRER 1IRKEQEROER QIQTIVPERGEV FSRKOEV QYEX TIVPEOYER TIR]MQTERER FEVERK 1IRGIKELXIOIREEPMVERPMWXVMOFIVFELE]E 1IR]IWYEMOER QIR]IQTYVREOER OIWIPEQEXER TIOIVNEER ]ERK VIWMOSR]E FIVXEQFELXMRKKM 0MRKOYRKERHMXIQTEXOIVNEXIVHETEXFER]EOTIVEPEXERTIVEPEXER]ERKQIRKKYREOER WYQFIVPMWXVMOHIRKEROETEWMXEW]ERKFIWEVWILMRKKETIPEOWEREER/IWILEXERHER /IWIPEQEXER /IVNE LEVYW FIREVFIREV HMTIVLEXMOER HER HMPEOWEREOER 4IRKEFEMER TIPEOWEREER/IWILEXERHER/IWIPEQEXER/IVNEWERKEXFIVFELE]EFEKMTEVETIOIVNE TIVYWELEER HER PMRKOYRKER HMWIOMXEV XIQTEX OIVNE 4IPEOWEREER /IWILEXER HER /IWIPEQEXER/IVNE / EHEPELWEPELWEXYYTE]E YRXYOQIRGMTXEOERXIQTEXOIVNE ]ERKEQERWILEXFIFEWHEVMTIRGIQEVERPMRKOYRKERWILMRKKEHETEXQIRKYVERKM FELOER FIFEW HEVM OIGIPEOEER OIVNE HER TIR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE ]ERK HETEX QIRMRKOEXOERIJMWMIRWMHERTVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
127
/IGIPEOEEROIVNEXMHEOWENEQIRMQFYPOEROSVFERNM[EQEYTYROIVYKMERQEXIVMFEKM TIOIVNE HER TIRKYWELE XIXETM NYKE HETEX QIRKKERKKY TVSWIW TVSHYOWM WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL QIVYWEO PMRKOYRKER ]ERK EOER FIVHEQTEO TEHE QEW]EVEOEX PYEW 8IQTEX OIVNE LEVYW QIPEOWEREOER YTE]E OIWILEXER OIVNE EKEV XMHEO XIVNEHM KERKKYER OIWILEXER TEHE TIOIVNE OIPYEVKE QEW]EVEOEX HER PMRKOYRKER HMWIOMXEVR]E]EMXYWEPELWEXYR]EHIRKERQIQEWERKTVSXIOWMYRXYOOIWIPEQEXERHM XIQTEXOIVNE4VSXIOWMYRXYOOIWIPEQEXERWERKEXQIRIRXYOERWIFEKEMTIVW]EVEXER XIVTIRXMRKYRXYOQIPMRHYRKMQERYWMEHERTIVEPEXER]ERKEHEHMXIQTEXOIVNE 4VSXIOWMXIVWIFYX]EMXY 4VSXIOWMHEVMOINYXPMWXVMO4VSXIOWMHEVMIJIOXIVQEPHEVMEVYW PIFML HEVM XIKERKER PIFML OLYWYWR]E EOMFEX TIXMV HEVM XIKERKER OYVERK HER HEVM 4IQMWELERHERTIR]EOIPEVER8MRHEOERTVSXIOWMMRMHETEXHMXIVETOERTEHEWIPYVYL MRWXEPEWM TEHE WIFEKMER MRWXEPEWM EXEY TEHE WYEXY TIVPIRKOETER OLYWYWR]E XIVLEHET FELE]E OINYX PMWXVMO 8IQTEX OIVNE NYKE LEVYW HM FIVM JEWMPMXEW 4/ FMPE WI[EOXY[EOXYXIVNEHMOIGIPEOEEROIVNEHETEXPERKWYRKHMSFEXM&IVMOYXMRMJEWMPMXEW 4/]ERKLEVYWXIVWIHMEHMXIQTEXOIVNE *EWMPMXEW4/HM8IQTEX/IVNEQIPMTYXM E 6YERK4/ F /SXEO4/HERMWM G %PEXIZEOYEWMHEREPEXXVERWTSVXEWM H *EWMPMXEWXEQFELERFIVYTEEPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMHEREXEYTIVEPEXEROLYWYWHM XIQTEXOIVNE]ERKQIQMPMOMTSXIRWMFELE]E]ERKFIVWMJEXOLYWYW
%PEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMOLYWYW TIVEPEXER]ERKHMWIWYEMOERHIRKERTSXIRWMFELE]E ]ERKEHEHMXIQTEXOIVNE]ERKHMKYREOERHEPEQOIEHEERHEVYVEX
4IVEPEXEROLYWYW EPEXYRXYOTIQFEWELERXYFYLGITEX shower HERTIQFMPEWER TIRGYGMERQEXE
G.
Human Error Human error QIVYTEOEROIKEKEPERHEVMQERYWMEYRXYOQIPEOYOERXYKEW]ERKXIPEL HMHIWEMRHEPEQFEXEWOIXITEXERVERKOEMEREXEY[EOXYXIVXIRXYHuman error EHEPEL WIFYEL LEWMP OIVNE QERYWME ]ERK HETEX QYRGYP WI[EOXY[EOXY HMQERE WENE HER OETER WENE Human error HETEX XIVNEHM OEVIRE HMWIFEFOER SPIL JEOXSV OSRHMWM PMRKOYRKER JMWMO OIVNE ]ERK IOWXVIQ Human error ]ERK XIVNEHM EOER HMMOYXM SPIL QIRYVYRR]EIJIOXMZMXEWHERIJMWMIRWMWYEXYTIOIVNEER)JIOXMZMXEWHERIJMWMIRWM]ERK QIRYVYR XIRXY WENE EOER FIVEOMFEX OITEHE XMRKOEX TVSHYOXMZMXEW ]ERK HMGETEM SPIL
128
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QERYWME output ]ERK HMLEWMPOER EOER QIRYVYR HER EOXMZMXEWR]E EOER QIRNEHM XIVLEQFEX .6IEWSR 0MRKOYRKER JMWMO OIVNE HEPEQ TIRHIOEXER HEVM human factors )VKSRSQM QIVYTEOER ETPMOEWM WMWXIQEXMW HEVM WINYQPEL MRJSVQEWM ]ERK VIPIZER HEVM OIQEQTYER OIXIVFEXEWER OEVEOXIVMWXMO XMRKOEL PEOY HER QSXMZEWM QERYWMEYRXYOQIVERGERKTIVEPEXERHERTVSWIHYV]ERKHMKYREOERWIVXEPMRKOYRKER OIVNE]ERKHMTEOEM/SRHMWMPMRKOYRKERJMWMOOIVNE]ERKXMHEOR]EQEREOERQIQFYEX WISVERK TIOIVNE QIRKIPYEVOER XIREKE PIFML YRXYO FIVEHETXEWM WILMRKKE OSRWIRXVEWMR]E EOER XIVFIPEL ERXEVE TIOIVNEER HER FIVEHETXEWM HIRKER PMRKOYRKERR]E /SRHMWM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE ]ERK HETEX QIQTIRKEVYLM LEWMP OIVNE QERYWME QIPMTYXM XMRKOEX OIFMWMRKER XMRKOEX WYLY HER XMRKOEX TIRGELE]EER VYERKER /SRHMWM PMRKOYRKERJMWMO]ERKSTXMQYQHMQERELEWMPOIVNEQERYWMEQIQMPMOMXMRKOEXhuman error ]ERK OIGMP EOER HMHETEXOER OIXMOE FIFIVETE TIVPEOYER XIPEL HMYNMOER OITEHE SVERK XIVWIFYX 8MRKOEX human error ]ERK OIGMP QIRKMRHMOEWMOER FEL[E QERYWME QIVEWER]EQERHIRKERPMRKOYRKEROIVNER]E/SRHMWMPMRKOYRKEROIVNE]ERKR]EQER EOER QIQFYEX QERYWME QIVEWE XIRERK HER R]EQER OIXMOE FIOIVNE 1IPMLEX HEVM JEOXSV TIR]IFEF XIVNEHMR]E human error FMWE HMFIHEOER QIRNEHM HYE JEOXSV ]EMXY JEOXSVPYEV OSRHMWMPMRKOYRKEROIVNE HERJEOXSVHEPEQ IQSWMHEROSRHMWMTWMOSPSKMW QERYWME Faktor luar terdiri dari beberapa aspek, antara lain adalah:
/IFMWMRKER
7YLYFIFIVETETIRIPMXMERQIRYRNYOOERFEL[EWIQEOMRXMRKKMWYLYQEOELEWMP TIOIVNEER]ERKHMTIVSPILWIQEOMRQIRYVYR
4IRIVERKER TIRIVERKER EHEPEL EWTIO TIRXMRK HEVM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE YRXYO SVERK]ERKFIOIVNETEHEFIFIVETNIRMWTIOIVNEER
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Gambar 77. Contoh Human Error
Gambar 78. Contoh Bentuk Tindakan Pencegahan
H.
Petunjuk Keselamatan jika terjadi kebakaran 7YQFIV ,SXIP7ERXMOE7IQEVERK
1IPMLEXWMXYEWMHERQIQTIPENEVMPSOEWMQIRYNYTMRXYHEVYVEX
Gambar 79. Simbol Menuju Pintu Darurat
130
1IRKIXELYMPIXEOFIPXERHEFELE]EOIFEOEVER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 80. Simbol Bel Tanda Bahaya
1IRKIXELYMPIXEOEPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHERWIPERKEMV
Gambar 81. Simbol Alat Pemadam Kebakaran
4IGELOEROEGEFIPXERHEFELE]EOIFEOEVER]ERKTEPMRKHIOEXEXEYXIPITSRRSQSV HEVYVEX
Gambar 82. Ilustrasi
1IRKKYREOER EPEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER EXEY WIPERK EMV ]ERK TEPMRK HIOEX NMOE ETM QEWMLHETEXHMOSRXVSP2EQYRNERKERQIRKEFMPVIWMOSYRXYOOIWIPEQEXERHMVM
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Gambar 83. Ilustrasi Penggunaan Selang Air
.MOE ETM XMHEO HETEX HMTEHEQOER XYXYT WIQYE TMRXY HER WIKIVE XMRKKEPOER FIRKOIPPEFQIPEPYMTMRXYHEVYVEX
Gambar 84. Ilustrasi Tutup Semua Pintu
.MOEQIRHIRKEVWYEVEXERHEFELE]EWIKIVEQIRMRKKEPOERFIRKOIPPEF
Gambar 85. Ilustrasi Meninggalkan Lokasi Kebakaran
.ERKERQIQFYERK[EOXYYRXYOQIRKIQEWFEVERKFEVERK7IPEQEXOERHMVMXIVPIFML HELYPY
Gambar 86. Ilustrasi Larangan Berkemas Saat Terjadi Kebakaran
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0I[EXMPELXERKKEHEVYVEXNERKERQIPEPYMPMJX
Gambar 87. Ilustrasi Larangan Melalui Lift saat Terjadi Kebakaran
&IVMXELYOER PSOEWM ERHE OITEHE STIVEXSV XIPITSR HEVYVEX NMOE XIVNIFEO HM HEPEQ VYERKER
Gambar 88. Ilustrasi untuk Menunjukkan Lokasi Kebakaran
&EWELMPELOEMRPETHERPIXEOOERHMFE[ELTMRXYEKEVXMHEOEWETXMHEOQEWYONMOEERHE XIVNIFEOOIFEOEVERHMHEPEQVYERKER
Gambar 89. Ilustrasi Petunjuk Menggunakan Kain Lap
.MOEXIVTIVERKOETHEPEQEWET]ERKXIFEPFIVNEPERPELHIRKERQIVERKOEO
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Gambar 90. Ilustrasi saat Terperangkap Asap Tebal
.ERKERQIPSRGEXOIPYEVKIHYRK
Gambar 91. Larangan Meloncat Keluar Gedung
I.
Pembudayaan Perawatan dan Keselamatan Kerja /IWIPEQEXEROIVNEQIVYTEOERLEPXIVTIRXMRKHEVMWYEXYTIOIVNEER/IWIPEQEXEROIVNE adalah keadaan terhindar dari bahaya saat melakukan kerja. Menurut Suma’mur OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE EHEPEL OIWIPEQEXER ]ERK FIVXEPMER HIRKER QIWMR TIWE[EX EPEX OIVNE FELER HER TVSWIW TIRKSPELERR]E XIQTEX OIVNE HER PMRKOYRKERR]EWIVXEGEVEGEVEQIPEOYOERTIOIVNEER/IWIPEQEXEROIVNEQIR]ERKOYX WIQYETVSWIWTVSHYOWMHERHMWXVMFYWMFEMOFEVERKQEYTYRNEWE/IWIPEQEXEROIVNE EHEPELXYKEWWIQYESVERK]ERKFIOIVNE/IWIPEQEXEREHEPELHEVMSPILHERYRXYO WIXMET XIREKE OIVNE QEYTYR QEW]EVEOEX TEHE YQYQR]E 8EWPMQER sependapat dengan Suma’mur bahwa keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja menyangkut WIQYEYRWYV]ERKXIVOEMXHMHEPEQEOXMJMXEWOIVNE-EQIR]ERKOYXWYFNIOEXEYSVERK ]ERK QIPEOYOER TIOIVNEER SFNIO material ]EMXY FIRHEFIRHE EXEY FEVERKFEVERK ]ERKHMOIVNEOEREPEXEPEXOIVNE]ERKHMTIVKYREOERHEPEQFIOIVNEFIVYTEQIWMRQIWMR HER TIVEPEXER PEMRR]E WIVXE QIR]ERKOYX PMRKOYRKERR]E FEMO QERYWME QEYTYR FIRHEFIRHEEXEYFEVERK
134
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/IWIPEQEXEROIVNEEHEPELWEVEREYXEQEYRXYOTIRGIKELEROIGIPEOEERGEGEXHER OIQEXMERWIFEKEMEOMFEXOIGIPEOEEROIVNE/IWIPEQEXEROIVNE]ERKFEMOEHEPELTMRXY KIVFERKFEKMOIEQERERXIREKEOIVNE/IGIPEOEERQIRNEHMLEQFEXERPERKWYRKHER QIVYKMOER WIGEVE XMHEO PERKWYRK ]EORM OIVYWEOER QIWMR HER TIVEPEXER OIVNE XIVLIRXMR]ETVSWIWTVSHYOWMYRXYOFIFIVETEWEEXOIVYWEOERTEHEPMRKOYRKEROIVNE HERPEMRPEMR(Suma’mur, 1985:2) Tujuan keselamatan kerja (Suma’mur, 1985: 1) adalah sebagai berikut:
1IPMRHYRKMXIREKEOIVNEEXEWLEOOIWIPEQEXERR]EHEPEQQIPEOYOERTIOIVNEER YRXYO OIWINELXIVEER LMHYT HER QIRMRKOEXOER TVSHYOWM WIVXE TVSHYOXMZMXEW QEW]EVEOEX
1IRNEQMROIWIPEQEXERWIXMETSVERKPEMR]ERKFIVEHEHMXIQTEXOIVNE
7YQFIVTVSHYOWMHMTIPMLEVEHERHMTIVKYREOERWIGEVEEQERHERIJMWMIR
Peraturan perundangan No. I tahun 1970 Pasal 3 tentang keselamatan kerja ditetapkan syarat-syarat keselamatan kerja untuk
1IRGIKELHERQIRKYVERKMOIGIPEOEER
1IRGIKELQIRKYVERKMHERQIQEHEQOEROIFEOEVER
1IRGIKELHERQIRKYVERKMFELE]ETIPIHEOER
1IQFIVM OIWIQTEXER EXEY NEPER QIR]IPEQEXOER HMVM TEHE [EOXY OIFEOEVER EXEYOINEHMEROINEHMERPEMR]ERKFIVFELE]E
1IQFIVMTIVXSPSRKERTEHEOIGIPEOEER
1IQFIVMEPEXEPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMTEHETEVETIOIVNE
1IRGIKELHERQIRKIRHEPMOERXMQFYPEXEYQIR]IFEVPYEWR]EWYLYOIPIQFEFER HIFYOSXSVEREWETYETKEWLIQFYWERERKMRGYEGEWMREVVEHMEWMWYEVEHER KIXEVER
1IRGIKEL HER QIRKIRHEPMOER XMQFYPR]E TIR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE FEMO TL]WMO QEYTYRTW]GLMWTIVEGYRERMRJIOWMHERTIRYPEVER
1IQTIVSPILTIRIVERKER]ERKGYOYTHERWIWYEM
1IR]IPIRKKEVEOERWYLYHERPIQFEFYHEVE]ERKFEMO 1IR]IPIRKKEVEOERTIR]IKEVERYHEVE]ERKGYOYT 1IQIPMLEVEOIFIVWMLEROIWILEXERHEROIXIVXMFER 1IQTIVSPIL OIWIVEWMER ERXEVE XIREKE OIVNE EPEX OIVNE PMRKOYRKER GEVE HER TVSWIWOIVNER]E 1IRKEQEROERHERQIQTIVPERGEVTIRKERKOYXERSVERKFMREXERKXEREQEREXEY FEVERK 1IRKEQEROERHERQIQIPMLEVEWIKEPENIRMWFERKYRER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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1IRKEQEROER HER QIQTIVPERGEV TIOIVNEER FSRKOEV QYEX TIVPEOYER HER TIR]MQTERERFEVERK 1IRGIKELXIVOIREEPMVERPMWXVMO]ERKFIVFELE]E 1IR]IWYEMOERHERQIR]IQTYVREOERTIRKEQERERTEHETIOIVNEER]ERKFELE]E OIGIPEOEERR]E QIRNEHM FIVXEQFEL XMRKKM 7IXME[ER8ME HER ,EVYR 7EPELWEXYQEWEPEL]ERKLEQTMVWIXMETLEVMXIVNEHMHMXIQTEXOIVNEEHEPELOIGIPEOEER]ERK QIRMQFYPOERLEPLEP]ERKXMHEOOMXEMRKMROERWITIVXMOIVYWEOERTIVEPEXERGIHIVEXYFYL OIGEGEXER FELOER OIQEXMER (EPEQ FIFIVETE MRHYWXVM OIQYRKOMRER XIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEEREOMFEXOYVERKXIVNEKER]EOIWIPEQEXEROIVNEPIFMLXMRKKMHEVMTEHE]ERKPEMRR]E 7IOMXEVHYEHEVMXMKEOIGIPEOEERXIVNEHMEOMFEXSVERKNEXYLXIVTIPIWIXXIVKIPMRGMVXIVXMQTE balok, dan kejatuhan benda di tempat kerja. (Daryanto, 2001: 2). Suma’mur (1987:3) QIRKEXEOERFEL[E HEVMWIFEFWIFEFOIGIPEOEEREHEPELJEOXSVQERYWME0IFMLPERNYX Suma’mur mengatakan
bahwa kecelakaan akibat kerja dapat menyebabkan 5 jenis
OIVYKMER / ]EORM OIVYWEOEROIOEGEYERSVKERMWEWMOIPYLERHEROIWIHMLEROIPEMRERHER GEGEXHEROIQEXMER &EKMERQIWMRTIWE[EXEPEXOIVNEFELERTVSWIWXIQTEXHERPMRKOYRKEROIVNEQYRKOMR VYWEO SPIL OIGIPEOEER %OMFEX HEVM MXY XIVNEHMPEL OIOEGEYER SVKERMWEWM HEPEQ TVSWIW TVSHYOWM3VERK]ERKHMXMQTEOIGIPEOEERQIRKIPYLHERQIRHIVMXEWIHERKOEROIPYEVKE HER OE[EROE[ER WIOIVNE EOER FIVWIHML LEXM /IGIPEOEER XMHEO NEVERK QIRKEOMFEXOER PYOEPYOEXIVNEHMR]EOIPEMRERXYFYLHERGEGEX&ELOERXMHEONEVERKOIGIPEOEERQIVIRKKYX nyawa dan berakibat kematian (Suma’mur, 1985:6). Kecelakaan adalah kejadian yang XMQFYPXMFEXMFEXMHEOHMHYKEHERXMHEOHMLEVETOER7IXMETOIGIPEOEERFEMOHMMRHYWXVMHM FIRKOIPEXEYHMXIQTEXPEMR]ETEWXMEHEWIFEFR]E Secara umum terdapat dua hal pokok yang menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja(Suma’mur, 1985:9) yaitu:
8MRHEOTIVFYEXERQERYWME]ERKXMHEOQIQIRYLMOIWIPEQEXER unsafe human acts
/IEHEEROIEHEERPMRKOYRKER]ERKXMHEOEQER usafe conditions
Tasliman (1993:19-27) juga sependapat dengan Suma’mur bahwa kecelakaan dapat terjadi dengan sebab-sebab tertentu, yaitu:
/IWEPELER QERYWME human erorr QMWEPR]E OIFSHSLER EXEY OIXMHEOXELYER OIQEQTYER OIXIVEQTMPER ]ERK XMHEO QIQEHEM XMHEO OSRWIRXVEWM TEHE [EOXY
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FIOIVNE WEPEL TVSWIHYV EXEY WEPEL PERKOEL FIOIVNE WIQFVSRS XERTE QIRKMRKEX VIWMOSFIOIVNEXERTEEPEXTIPMRHYRKQIRKEQFMPVIWMOSYRXYRKYRXYRKERHERFIOIVNE HIRKERWIRHEKYVEY
/SRHMWM ]ERK XMHEO EQER QMWEPR]E XIQTEX OIVNE ]ERK XMHEO QIQIRYLM W]EVEX OIWIPEQEXEROIVNEOSRHMWMQIWMR]ERKFIVFELE]E machinery hazards OSRHMWMXMHEO EQERTEHETIQMRHELERFEVERKFEVERKWIVXEEPEXEPEXXERKER]ERKOSRHMWMR]EXMHEO EQER
7MPEPELM&IVRIX2&HER6YQSRHERK WIGEVEWTIWMJMOQIRKEXEOERFEL[EXMKE WIFEFQIRKETEWISVERKOEV]E[ERQIPEOYOEROIKMEXERXMHEOWIPEQEXEHEPEL
=ERK FIVWERKOYXER XMHEO QIRKIXELYM XEXE GEVE ]ERK EQER EXEY TIVFYEXER TIVFYEXER]ERKFIVFELE]E
=ERKFIVWERKOYXERXMHEO QEQTYQIQIRYLMTIVW]EVEXEROIVNEWILMRKKEXIVNEHMPEL XMRHEOERHMFE[ELWXERHEV
=ERKFIVWERKOYXERQIRKIXELYMWIPYVYLTIVEXYVERHERTIVW]EVEXEROIVNEXIXETMHME IRKKERQIQIRYLMR]E
4IVEXYVERQIRXIVMXIREKEOIVNE2S1IR QIR]EXEOERFEL[ETIVYWELEEROIGMP EXEYTIVYWELEERHIRKERXMRKOEXVMWMOSVIRHELLEVYWQIRIVETOERWIFER]EOOVMXIVME(M ERXEVER]E EWTIO OIEQERER OIVNE FIVHEWEVOER 7MWXIQ 1ERENIQIR /IWILEXER HER /IWIPEQEXEROIVNE 7YEVHM6YHM ]EMXY 1.
Sistem Kerja E
4IXYKEW ]ERK FIVOSQTIXIR XIPEL QIRKMHIRXMJMOEWM FELE]E ]ERK TSXIRWMEP HER XIPELQIRMPEMVMWMOSVMWMOS]ERKXMQFYPHEVMWYEXYTVSWIWOIVNE
F
%TEFMPE YTE]E TIRKIRHEPMERVMWMOS HMTIVPYOERQEOEYTE]EXIVWIFYXHMXIXETOER QIPEPYMXMRKOEXTIRKIRHEPMER
G
8IVHETEXTVSWIHYVOIVNE]ERKHMHSOYQIRXEWMOERHERNMOEHMTIVPYOERHMXIVETOER suatu sistem “Ijin Kerja” untuk tugasXYKEW]ERKFIVMWMOSXMRKKM
H
/ITEXYLERHIRKERTIVEXYVERWXERHEVHEROIXIRXYERTIPEOWEREERHMTIVLEXMOER TEHEWEEXQIRKIQFERKOEREXEYQIPEOYOERQSHMJMOEWMTVSWIHYVEXEYTIXYRNYO OIVNE
I
%PEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMHMWIHMEOERFMPEHMTIVPYOERHERHMKYREORWIGEVEFIREVWIVXE HMTIPMLEVEWIPEPYHEPEQOSRHMWMPE]EOTEOEM
J
%PEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM ]ERK HMKYREOER HMTEWXMOER XIPEL HMR]EXEOER PE]EO TEOEM WIWYEMWXERHEVHEREXEYTIVEXYVERTIVYRHERKER]ERKFIVPEOY
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2.
Pengawasan: (MPEOYOER TIRKE[EWER YRXYO QIRNEQMR FEL[E WIXMET TIOIVNEER
2.
HMPEOWEREOERHIRKEREQERHERQIRKMOYXMWIXMETTVSWIHYVHERTIXYRNYOOIVNE]ERK Pengawasan: (MPEOYOER TIRKE[EWER YRXYO QIRNEQMR FEL[E WIXMET TIOIVNEER XIPELHMXIRXYOER
3. 3.
HMPEOWEREOERHIRKEREQERHERQIRKMOYXMWIXMETTVSWIHYVHERTIXYRNYOOIVNE]ERK Seleksi dan Penempatan Personal: 4IRYKEWER TIOIVNEER LEVYW FIVHEWEVOER TEHE XIPELHMXIRXYOER OIQEQTYERHERXMRKOEXOIXVEQTMPER]ERKHMQMPMOMSPILQEWMRKQEWMRKXIREKEOIVNE Seleksi dan Penempatan Personal: 4IRYKEWER TIOIVNEER LEVYW FIVHEWEVOER TEHE OIQEQTYERHERXMRKOEXOIXVEQTMPER]ERKHMQMPMOMSPILQEWMRKQEWMRKXIREKEOIVNE
4.
Lingkungan Kerja
4.
E 4IVYWELEER QIPEOYOER TIRMPEMER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE YRXYO QIRKIXELYM HEIVEL Lingkungan Kerja HEIVEL]ERKQIQIVPYOERTIQFEXEWERMNMRQEWYO E 4IVYWELEER QIPEOYOER TIRMPEMER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE YRXYO QIRKIXELYM HEIVEL F 8IVHETEXTIRKIRHEPMEREXEWXIQTEXXIQTEXHIRKERTIQFEXEWERMNMRQEWYO
5. 5.
G F
HEIVEL]ERKQIQIVPYOERTIQFEXEWERMNMRQEWYO *EWMPMXEWJEWMPMXEW HER PE]ERER ]ERK XIVWIHME HM XIQTEX OIVNE WIWYEM HIRKER 8IVHETEXTIRKIRHEPMEREXEWXIQTEXXIQTEXHIRKERTIQFEXEWERMNMRQEWYO WXERHEVHERTIHSQERXIORMW
G H
*EWMPMXEWJEWMPMXEW HER PE]ERER ]ERK XIVWIHME HM XIQTEX OIVNE WIWYEM HIRKER 6EQFYVEQFYQIRKIREMOIWIPEQEXERHERXERHETMRXYHEVYVEXLEVYWHMTEWERK WXERHEVHERTIHSQERXIORMW WIWYEMHIRKERWXERHEVHERTIHSQERXIORMW
H 6EQFYVEQFYQIRKIREMOIWIPEQEXERHERXERHETMRXYHEVYVEXLEVYWHMTEWERK Pemeliharaan, Perbaikan dan Perubahan Sarana Produksi WIWYEMHIRKERWXERHEVHERTIHSQERXIORMW E 7IQYEGEXEXER]ERKQIQYEXHEXEHEXEWIGEVEVMRGMHEVMOIKMEXERTIQIVMOWEER Pemeliharaan, Perbaikan dan Perubahan Sarana Produksi TIQIPMLEVEERTIVFEMOERHERTIVYFELERTIVYFELER]ERKHMPEOYOEREXEWWEVERE E F
7IQYEGEXEXER]ERKQIQYEXHEXEHEXEWIGEVEVMRGMHEVMOIKMEXERTIQIVMOWEER TVSHYOWMLEVYWHMWMQTERHERHMTIPMLEVE TIQIPMLEVEERTIVFEMOERHERTIVYFELERTIVYFELER]ERKHMPEOYOEREXEWWEVERE 7EVERETVSHYOWM]ERKLEVYWXIVHEJXEVQIQMPMOMWIVXMJMOEX]ERKQEWMLFIVPEOY
G F
TVSHYOWMLEVYWHMWMQTERHERHMTIPMLEVE 4IVE[EXER TIVFEMOER HER WIXMET TIVYFELER LEVYW HMPEOYOER TIVWSRIP ]ERK 7EVERETVSHYOWM]ERKLEVYWXIVHEJXEVQIQMPMOMWIVXMJMOEX]ERKQEWMLFIVPEOY FIVOSQTIXIR
G H
4IVE[EXER TIVFEMOER HER WIXMET TIVYFELER LEVYW HMPEOYOER TIVWSRIP ]ERK %TEFMPEQIQYRKOMROERWEVERETVSHYOWM]ERKEOERHMYFELLEVYWWIWYEMHIRKER FIVOSQTIXIR TIVW]EVEXERTIVEXYVERTIVYRHERKER]ERKFIVPEOY
H I
%TEFMPEQIQYRKOMROERWEVERETVSHYOWM]ERKEOERHMYFELLEVYWWIWYEMHIRKER 8IVHETEX TVSWIHYV TIVQMRXEER TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK QIRGEOYT OIXIRXYER TIVW]EVEXERTIVEXYVERTIVYRHERKER]ERKFIVPEOY QIRKIREM TIVEPEXERTIVEPEXER HIRKER OSRHMWM OIWIPEQEXER ]ERK OYVERK FEMO
I
8IVHETEX TVSWIHYV TIVQMRXEER TIQIPMLEVEER ]ERK QIRGEOYT OIXIRXYER HERTIVPYWIKIVEHMTIVFEMOM QIRKIREMWYEXY TIVEPEXERTIVEPEXER HIRKER OSRHMWM OIWIPEQEXER ]ERK OYVERK 8IVHETEX W]WXIQ TIRERHEER FEKM EPEX ]ERK WYHEL XMHEO EQER PEKMFEMO NMOE
J
6. 6.
HERTIVPYWIKIVEHMTIVFEMOM HMKYREOER lock out system YRXYO QIRGIKEL EKEV WEVERE TVSHYOWM XMHEO J 8IVHETEX WYEXY W]WXIQ TIRERHEER FEKM EPEX ]ERK WYHEL XMHEO EQER PEKM NMOE HMLMHYTOERWIFIPYQWEEXR]E HMKYREOER lock out system YRXYO QIRGIKEL EKEV WEVERE TVSHYOWM XMHEO Kesiapan untuk Menangani Keadaan Darurat HMLMHYTOERWIFIPYQWEEXR]E E /IEHEER HEVYVEX ]ERK TSXIRWMEP HM HEPEQ EXEY HM PYEV XIQTEX OIVNE XIPEL Kesiapan untuk Menangani Keadaan Darurat HMMHIRXMJMOEWMHERTVSWIHYVOIEHEERHEVYVEXXIVWIFYXXIPELHMHSOYQIRXEWMOER E F
/IEHEER HEVYVEX ]ERK TSXIRWMEP EXEYQIRKIREM HM PYEV XIQTEX OIVNE XIPEL 8IREKE OIVNE QIRHETEX MRWXVYOWM HM HERHEPEQ TIPEXMLER TVSWIHYV OIEHEER HMMHIRXMJMOEWMHERTVSWIHYVOIEHEERHEVYVEXXIVWIFYXXIPELHMHSOYQIRXEWMOER HEVYVEX]ERKWIWYEMHIRKERXMRKOEXVMWMOS
F
8IREKE OIVNE QIRHETEX MRWXVYOWM HER TIPEXMLER QIRKIREM TVSWIHYV OIEHEER HEVYVEX]ERKWIWYEMHIRKERXMRKOEXVMWMOS
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G
-RWXVYOWM OIEHEER HEVYVEX HER LYFYRKER OIEHEER HEVYVEX HMTIVLEXMOER WIGEVE NIPEWQIR]SPSOHERHMOIXELYMSPILWIPYVYLXIREKEOIVNETIVYWELEER
7.
Pertolongan Pertama pada Kecelakaan E
4IVYWELEERXIPELQIRKIZEPYEWMEPEX444/HERQIRNEQMRFEL[EW]WXIQ444/ ]ERKEHEQIQIRYLMWXERHEVHHERTIHSQERXIORMW]ERKFIVPEOY
F
4IXYKEW444/XIPELHMPEXMLHERHMXYRNYOWIWYEMHIRKERTIVEXYVERTIVYRHERKER ]ERKFIVPEOY 4IVEXYVER TIVYRHERKYRHERKER ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE
QIQFIVMOER OI[ENMFER OITEHE TIRKYWELE SVERK EXEY FEHER LYOYQ YRXYO QIRYRNYOOERHERQIRNIPEWOEROITEHETEVETIOIVNE]EMXY
/SRHMWMHERFELE]E]ERKHETEXXMQFYPHEPEQXIQTEXOIVNER]E
7IQYETIKEQERERHEREPEXEPEXTIVPMRHYRKER]ERKHMLEVYWOERHEPEQXIQTEX OIVNER]E
%PEXEPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMFEKMXIREKEOIVNE]ERKFIVWERKOYXER
'EVEHERWMOET]ERKEQERQIPEOWEREOERTIOIVNEER &MHERKTIOIVNEERETETYRFELE]E]ERKFIVTSXIRWMQIRMQFYPOEROIGIPEOEER
LEVYWHMLMRHEVOER8MHEOEHEWISVERKTYR]ERKFIVTMOMVERWILEXHMHYRMEMRM]ERKMRKMR QIRKEPEQMOIGIPEOEER4IRKIXELYERXIRXERKOIWIPEQEXEROIVNELEVYWHMXEREQOER WINEO E[EP EKEV QIRNEHM OIFMEWEER LMHYT ]ERK HMTVEOXMOOER WILEVMhari. Suma’mur QIRKEXEOER FEL[E YWELEYWELE OIWIPEQEXER WIPEMR HMXYNYOER OITEHE XIORMO QIOERMO NYKE LEVYW QIQTIVLEXMOER EWTIO QERYWME[M (EPEQ LEP MRM TIRHMHMOER HER TIRKKEMVELER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE OITEHE XIREKE OIVNE QIVYTEOER WEVERE TIRXMRK *EOXSV TIR]IFEF XIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEER OIVNE WIGEVE YQYQ EHEPEL JEOXSVQERYWMEHERPMRKOYRKERYRXYOMXYFELE]E]ERKFIVLYFYRKERHIRKERJEOXSV JEOXSV XIVWIFYX LEVYW HMOIXELYM HMMHIRXMJMOEWM HER HMIZEPYEWM WIGEVE QIRHEPEQ WILMRKKE HETEX HMPEOYOER TIRGIKELER OIGIPEOEER ]ERK HMWIFEFOER SPIL OIKMEXER TVEOXMOHMFIRKOIP J.
Perilaku terhadap Keselamatan Kerja 1IRYVYXOEQYW3\JSVHbehaviour is the ways behaves, esp towards other people; one’s attitude and manner.;MREVHM . QIR]EXEOER TIVMPEOY TEHE HEWEVR]E FIVSVMIRXEWMTEHEXYNYER goal oriented 4IVMPEOYOMXETEHEYQYQR]EXIVQSXMZEWMSPIL OIMRKMRERYRXYOQIRGETEMXYNYERXIVXIRXY8YNYERWTIWMJMOXMHEOWIRERXMEWEHMOIXELYM WIGEVE WEHEV SPIL MRHMZMHY 9RMX HEWEV TIVMPEOY EHEPEL WIFYEL EOXMZMXEW 7IFEKEM QERYWMEOMXEWIRERXMEWEQIPEOYOERWYEXYLEPFIVNEPERNEPERFIVGEOETGEOETQEOER XMHYVFIOIVNEHERWIFEKEMR]E
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
139
,ERHSOS8,ERM QIRKEXEOERTIVMPEOYXIVNEHMOEVIREEHER]E /IFYXYLER OIFYXYLER QSXMJQSXMJ EXEY HSVSRKERHSVSRKER ]ERK QIRHSVSRK QIRIOER QIQEGY HER QIRKYEXOER OEV]E[ER YRXYO QIPEOYOER OIKMEXER ,YFYRKER LYFYRKER TEVE OEV]E[ER HIRKER JEOXSVJEOXSV IOWXIVREP MRWIRXMJ ]ERK QIR]EVEROER QIR]IFEFOER QIRHSVSRK HER QIQTIRKEVYLM QIVIOE YRXYO QIPEOWEREOEROIKMEXER*EOXSVJEOXSVIOWXIVREPWITIVXM KENMOSRHMWMOIVNELYFYRKER OIVNEHEROIFMNEOERTIVYWELEERXIRXERKOIREMOERTERKOEXHIPIKEWMHER[I[IRERK HER WIFEKEMR]E QIQFIVMOER RMPEM EXEY OIKYREER YRXYO QIRHETEXOER TIVMPEOY OEV]E[ER]ERKTSWMXMJHEPEQYWELETIRGETEMERXYNYERSVKERMWEWM&IKMXYNYKETEHE WEEX TVEOXMO HM FIRKOIP WIWISVERK EOER FIVTIVMPEOY WIWYEM QSXMZEWM ]ERK XIVHETEX HEPEQHMVMR]E 4IRKIXELYERTIVWITWMQSXMZEWMHERTIVMPEOYEHEPELLEP]ERKWEPMRKFIVLYFYRKER 4IRIPMXMER %FHYP /EHMV HMOEXEOER FEL[E XMRKOEX TIRKIXELYER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE WMW[E71/HMIREQTVSZMRWM]EMXY(/-.EOEVXE.E[E&EVEX.E[E8IRKEL.E[E8MQYV 7YQEXIVE9XEVEHER7YPE[IWM7IPEXERWIGEVEYQYQQEWMLOYVERK]EMXYWIFER]EO 1IRYVYX/EQYW&IWEV&ELEWE-RHSRIWMETIRKIXELYERHMHIJMRMWMOERWIFEKEM WIKEPE WIWYEXY ]ERK HMOIXELYM FIVOIREER HIRKER LEP XIVXIRXY 1IRYVYX /EQYW 3\JSVHHMWIFYXOERORS[PIHKIMWXLIJEGXWMRJSVQEXMSRYRHIVWXERHMRKERHWOMPPWXLEX E TIVWSR LEW EGUYMVIH XLVSYKL I\TIVMIRGI SV IHYGEXMSR /EMXERR]E HIRKER / TIRKIXELYER WIWISVERK EOER QIQTIRKEVYLM XIVLEHET TIVMPEOY EXEYTYR WMOETR]E HEPEQFIOIVNE 8IPELHMOIQYOEOERHMEXEWFEL[ETIVMPEOYXIVNEHMOEVIREEHER]EQSXMJQSXMJXIVXIRXY ,ERHSOS8,ERM QIRKEXEOERQSXMZEWMHMEVXMOERWIFEKEMOIEHEERHEPEQ TVMFEHM WIWISVERK ]ERK QIRHSVSRK OIMRKMRER MRHMZMHY YRXYO QIPEOYOER OIKMEXER OIKMEXER XIVXIRXY KYRE QIRGETEM XYNYER 1SXMZEWM ]ERK EHE TEHE WIWISVERK QIVYTEOER OIOYEXER TIRHSVSRK ]ERK EOER QI[YNYHOER WYEXY TIVMPEOY KYRE QIRGETEM XYNYER HMVMR]E &IVHEWEVOER TIRIPMXMER ,IV^FIK HOO EHE HYE OIPSQTSO JEOXSVJEOXSV ]ERK QIQTIRKEVYLM OIVNE WIWISVERK HEPEQ SVKERMWEWM *EOXSVJEOXSV TIR]IFEF OITYEWER OIVNE job satisfaction QIQTYR]EM TIRKEVYL TIRHSVSRK FEKM TVIWXEWM HER WIQERKEX OIVNE HER JEOXSVJEOXSV TIR]IFEF OIXMHEOTYEWER OIVNE job dissatisfaction QIQTYR]EM TIRKEVYL RIKEXMJ *EOXSVJEOXSV TIQYEW OIVNE HM ERXEVER]EEHEPELTVIWXEWMTIRKLEVKEERTIOIVNEEROVIEXMJHERQIRERXERKXERKKYRK NE[EFWIVXENEQMREROIQENYERHERTIRMRKOEXER ,ERHSOS8,ERM
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
& * 7OMRRIV HEPEQ ,ERHSOS 8 ,ERM QIRKIQYOEOER XISVM TIQFIRXYOER TIVMPEOY operant conditioning HMHEWEVOER EXEW LYOYQ TIRKEVYL law effect ]ERK QIR]EXEOER FEL[E TIVMPEOY ]ERK HMMOYXM HIRKER OSRWIOYIRWMOSRWIOYIRWM TIQYEWER GIRHIVYRK HMYPERK WIHERKOER TIVMPEOY ]ERK HMMOYXM SPIL OSRWIOYIRWM OSRWIOYIRWM LYOYQER GIRHIVYRK XMHEO HMYPERK 4IVMPEOY MRHMZMHY HM [EOXY QIRHEXERK HETEX HMTIVOMVEOER EXEY HMTIPENEVM HEVM TIRKEPEQER HM [EOXY ]ERK PEPY 4VSWIWTIQFIRXYOERTIVMPEOYWIGEVEWIHIVLEREHETEXHMKEQFEVOERWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
Rangsangan (stimulus)
Tanggapan
Konsekuensikonsekuensi
Tanggapan diwaktu yang akan datang
,ERHSOS8,ERM ;MREVHM . QIRKYXMT TIRHETEX .SRIW ]ERK QIRKEXEOER FEL[E QSXMZEWM FIVOEMXER HIRKER TIVWSEPER FEKEMQERE TIVMPEOY HME[EPM HM IRIVKM HMTIVXELEROER HMEVELOER HMLIRXMOER HER NIRMW VIEOWM WYFNIOXMJ QEGEQ ETE XIVHETEX HM HEPEQ SVKERMWQI]ERKFIVWERKOYXERWI[EOXYWIKEPELEP]ERKHMOIQYOEOERFIVPERKWYRK +VE]HOOHEPEQ.;MREVHMQIRKEXEOERQSXMZEWMQIVYTEOERWINYQPELTVSWIW]ERK FIVWMJEX MRXIVREP EXEY IOWXIVREP FEKM WISVERK MRHMZMHY ]ERK QIRMQFYPOER WMOET IRXYWMEWQI HER TVIWMWXIRWM HEPEQ LEP QIPEOWEREOER OIKMEXEROIKMEXERXIVXIRXY .SLR 6 7GLIVQIVLSVR .V QIRKEXEOER FEL[E QSXMZEWM YRXYO FIOIVNE QIVYTEOER MWXMPEL ]ERK HMKYREOER HEPEQ FMHERK TIVMPEOY OISVKERMWEWMER KYRE QIRIVERKOER OIOYEXEROIOYEXER]ERKXIVHETEXTEHEHMVMWISVERKMRHMZMHY]ERKQIRNEHMTIR]IFEF XMQFYPR]E XMRKOEX EVEL HER TIVWMWXIRWM YTE]E ]ERK HMPEOWEREOER HEPEQ FIOIVNE 1SXMZEWMEHEPELWIFYELOSWIT]ERKHETEXOMXEKYREOERYRXYOQIQELEQMQIRKETE WYEXY TIVMPEOY XIVNEHM -RHMZMHY FIVTIVMPEOY OEVIRE EHER]E WINYQPEL OIOYEXER ]ERK QIRHSVSRK HEVM HEPEQ QEYTYR HEVM PYEV HMVMR]E KYRE QIRGETEM OIMRKMRER EXEY OIFYXYLERXIVXIRXY *EOXSV ]ERK QIQTIRKEVYLM TIVMPEOY WIWISVERK HM ERXEVER]E EHEPEL PMRKOYRKER TIRKIXELYERTIVWITWM ETE]ERKHMERKKETEXEYHMVEWEOERWIFEKEMLEP]ERKFIREV RSVQERSVQE WSWMEP WMOETWMOET HER EHER]E QIOERMWQIQIOERMWQI TIVXELERER ;MREVHM. 7IWISVERK]ERKTIRKIXELYERHERTIVWITWMR]EVIRHELHERXMHEO XIVQSXMZEWMLER]EEOERQIQFIVMOERYTE]EQMRMQYQHEPEQLEPFIOIVNEFIPENEVEXEY QIPEOWEREOER OIKMEXER PEMR WILMRKKE HETEX HMOIQYOEOER FEL[E ERXEVE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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TIRKIXELYER TIVWITWM WIVXE QSXMZEWM EOER QIQFIRXYO TIVMPEOY EXEY QIRKETE WIWISVERKQIPEOYOERTIVFYEXERXIVXIRXY K.
Upaya-upaya yang Berkaitan dengan Keselamatan Kerja 1IRYVYX 7MPEPELM &IVRIXX 2& HER 6YQSRHERK FEL[E TIRGIKELER OIGIPEOEER OIVNE TEHE HEWEVR]E QIVYTEOER XERKKYRK NE[EF TEVE QEREKIV PMRM TIR]IPMEQERHSVOITEPEHERNYKEOITEPEYVYWER(EPEQ9RHERK9RHERK/IWILEXER XELYR 4EWEP HMWIFYXOER FEL[E YTE]E OIWILEXER OIVNE EHEPEL YTE]E TIR]IVEWMER ERXEVE OETEWMXEW OIVNE FIFER OIVNE HER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE EKEV WIXMET TIOIVNE HETEX FIOIVNE WIGEVE WILEX XERTE QIQFELE]EOER HMVMR]E WIRHMVM QEYTYR QEW]EVEOEXHMWIOIPMPMRKR]EEKEVHMTIVSPILTVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNE]ERKSTXMQEP 9TE]E]ERKHMPEOYOERYRXYOQIRGIKELFELE]EHEPEQPMRKOYRKEROIVNEXIRXYFER]EO QEGEQR]E/IWIPEQEXEROIVNEQIPMTYXMFIVFEKEMYTE]ETIR]IVEWMERERXEVETIOIVNE HIRKER TIOIVNEER HER PMRKOYRKER OIVNER]E FEMO JMWMO QEYTYR TWMOMW HEPEQ LEP GEVEQIXSHI OIVNE TVSWIW OIVNE HER OSRHMWM PMRKOYRKER 7MXYW (ITEVXIQIR /IWILEXERQIR]IFYXOERFEL[EYRXYOQIRKERXMWMTEWMHERQIRKIXELYMOIQYRKOMRER FELE]EHMPMRKOYRKEROIVNEHMXIQTYLXMKEPERKOELYXEQE]EORM
4IRKIREPER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE 4IRKIREPER PMRKOYRKER OIVNE MRM FMEWER]E HMPEOYOERHIRKERGEVEQIPMLEXHERQIRKIREP [EPOXLVSYKLMRWTIGXMSR HERMRM QIVYTEOERPERKOELHEWEV]ERKTIVXEQEXEQEHMPEOYOERHEPEQYTE]EOIWILEXER OIVNE
)ZEPYEWM PMRKOYRKER OIVNE XELET TIRMPEMER OEVEOXIVMWXMO HER FIWEVR]E TSXIRWM TSXIRWMFELE]E]ERKQYRKOMRXMQFYPWILMRKKEFMWEYRXYOQIRIRXYOERTVMSVMXEW HEPEQQIRKEXEWMTIVQEWEPELER
4IRKIRHEPMERPMRKOYRKEROIVNE QIRKYVERKMEXEYQIRKLMPERKOER^EXFELER]ERK FIVFELE]EHMPMRKOYRKEROIVNE
/IHYEXELETERWIFIPYQR]ETIRKIREPERHERIZEPYEWMXMHEOHETEXQIRNEQMRWIFYEL PMRKOYRKER OIVNE ]ERK WILEX .EHM LER]E HETEX HMGETEM HIRKER XIORSPSKM TIRKIRHEPMER ]ERK EHIOYEX YRXYO QIRGIKEL IJIO OIWILEXER ]ERK QIVYKMOER HM OEPERKERTEVETIOIVNE0IFMLPERNYXHMNIPEWOERFEL[ETIRKIRHEPMERPMRKOYRKEROIVNE HETEXHMYTE]EOERQIPEPYM
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4IRKIRHEPMERPMRKOYRKER Environmental Control Measures
(MWEMRHERXEXEPIXEO]ERKEHIOYEX
4IRKLMPERKEREXEYTIRKYVERKERFELERFIVFELE]ETEHEWYQFIVR]E
4IRKIRHEPMERTIVSVERKER Personal Control Measures
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4IRKKYREEREPEXTIPMRHYRKTIVSVERKERQIVYTEOEREPXIVREXMJPEMRYRXYO
QIPMRHYRKMTIOIVNEHEVMFELE]EOIWILEXER2EQYREPEXTIPMRHYRKTIVSVERKER LEVYWWIWYEMHEREHIOYEX
4IQFEXEWER [EOXY WIPEQE TIOIVNE XIVTENERK XIVLEHET ^EX XIVXIRXY ]ERK FIVFELE]EHETEXQIRYVYROERVMWMOSXIVOIRER]EFELE]EOIWILEXERHMPMRKOYRKER OIVNE
/IFIVWMLERTIVSVERKERHERTEOEMERR]EQIVYTEOERLEP]ERKTIRXMRKXIVYXEQE YRXYOTEVETIOIVNE]ERKHEPEQTIOIVNEERR]EFIVLYFYRKERHIRKERFELEROMQME WIVXETEVXMOIPPEMR LXXT [[[HITOIWKSMH
7IXMETOIGIPEOEERLEVYWHMEREPMWMWYRXYOQIRKIXELYMTIR]IFEFOIGIPEOEERXIVWIFYX EOMFEXR]E HER PERKOEL ETE ]ERK TIVPY HMEQFMP HEPEQ VERKOE TIRGIKELERR]E Suma’mur (198 QIRKEXEOER FEL[E KERKKYERKERKKYER TEHE OIWILEXER HERHE]EOIVNEEOMFEXFIVFEKEMJEOXSVHETEXHMLMRHEVOERYTE]EYTE]EXIVWIFYXERXEVE PEMR
Subtitusi, ]EMXY QIRKKERXM FELER ]ERK PIFML FIVFELE]E HIRKER FELER ]ERK OYVERKFIVFELE]EEXEYXMHEOFIVFELE]EWEQEWIOEPM
Ventilasi umum, ]EMXY QIRKEPMVOER YHEVE WIFER]EO QIRYVYX TIVLMXYRKER OIEHEER VYERK OIVNE EKEV OEHEV HEVM FELERFELER ]ERK FIVFELE]E SPIL TIQEWYOER YHEVE MRM PIFML VIRHEL HEVM TEHE OEHEV ]ERK QIQFELE]EOER ]EMXY OEHEV2MPEM%QFERK&EXEW 2%& 2%&EHEPELOEHEV]ERKTEHER]EEXEYHMFE[EL HEVMTEHER]EETEFMPETIOIVNETIOIVNEQIRKLMVYTR]EHIPETERNEQWILEVMPMQELEVM WIQMRKKYXMHEOEOERQIRMQFYPOERTIR]EOMXEXEYOIPEMRER
Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah :
Ventilasi keluar setempat (local exhausters),MEPELEPEX]ERKFMEWER]EQIRKLMWET YHEVEHMWYEXYXIQTEXOIVNEXIVXIRXYEKEVFELERFELERHEVMXIQTEXXIVXIRXY]ERK QIQFELE]EOERHMLMWETHERHMEPMVOEROIPYEV
Isolasi, ]EMXY QIRKMWSPEWM STIVEWM EXEY TVSWIW HEPEQ TIVYWELEER ]ERK QIQFELE]EOERQMWEPR]EMWSPEWMQIWMR]ERKWERKEXLMVYOEKEVOIKEHYLER]ERK HMWIFEFOERR]EXYVYRHERXMHEOQIRNEHMKERKKYERPEKM
Pakaian pelindung, QMWEPR]E QEWOIV OEGE QEXE WEVYRK XERKER WITEXY XSTM TEOEMERHERPEMRPEMR
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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Pemeriksaan kesehatan sebelum bekerja ]EMXY TIQIVMOWEER OIWILEXER OITEHE GEPSR TIOIVNE YRXYO QIRKIXELYM ETEOEL GEPSR XIVWIFYX WIVEWM HIRKER TIOIVNEER ]ERKEOERHMFIVMOEROITEHER]EFEMOJMWMOQEYTYRQIRXEPR]E
Pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala/ulanganYRXYOIZEPYEWMETEOELJEOXSVJEOXSV TIR]IFEF MXY XIPEL QIRMQFYPOER KERKKYERKERKKYEROIPEMREROIPEMRER OITEHE XYFYLTIOIVNEEXEYXMHEO
Penerangan sebelum bekerja EKEV TIOIVNE QIRKIXELYM HER QIRXEEXM TIVEXYVER TIVEXYVERHEREKEVQIVIOEPIFMLFIVLEXMLEXM
Pendidikan tentang kesehatan dan keselamatan kepada pekerja secara kontinu, EKEV TEVETIOIVNEXIXET[EWTEHEHEPEQQIRNEPEROERTIOIVNEERR]E
&IVRIXX 7MPEPELM 2& HER 6YQSRHERK QIRKEXEOER FEL[E TIRGIKELER OIGIPEOEERHMTERHERKHEVMEWTIOQERYWMER]ELEVYWFIVQYPETEHELEVMTIVXEQEOIXMOE WIQYE OEV]E[ER FIOIVNE 7IXMET OEV]E[ER LEVYW HMFIVMXELY WIGEVE XIVXYPMW YVEMER QIRKIREM NEFEXERR]E ]ERK QIRGEOYT JYRKWM LYFYRKER OIVNE [I[IRERK XYKEW HER XERKKYRK NE[EF WIVXE W]EVEXW]EVEX OIVNER]E (EVM EWTIO QERYWME KINEPE TIR]IFEF OIGIPEOEER FIVQYPE TEHE OIKMEXER XMHEO WIPEQEX QERYWME MXY WIRHMVM &IFIVETE TIVFYEXER]ERKQIRKYWELEOEROIWIPEQEXERERXEVEPEMR
7IXMETOEV]E[ERFIVXYKEWWIWYEMHIRKERTIHSQERHERTIRYRXYR]ERKHMFIVMOER
7IXMET OIGIPEOEER EXEY OINEHMER ]ERK QIVYKMOER LEVYW WIKIVE HMPETSVOER OITEHE EXEWER
7IXMET TIVEXYVER HER OIXIRXYER OIWIPEQEXER HER OIWILEXER OIVNE LEVYW HMTEXYLM WIGIVQEXQYRKOMR
7IQYEOEV]E[ERLEVYWFIVWIHMEWEPMRKQIRKMWMEXEYQIRKMRKEXOEREOERTIVFYEXER ]ERKHETEXQIRMQFYPOERFELE]E
4IVEPEXER HER TIVPIRKOETER OIWIPEQEXER HER OIWILEXER OIVNE LEVYW HMTEOEM EXEY HMTIVKYREOERFMPETIVPY
9TE]E ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE HM ERXEVER]E ]EMXY HEVM EWTIO QERYWMER]E HIRKER QIRMRKOEXOER TIRKIXELYER HER OIWEHEVER TIRXMRKR]E OIWIPEQEXEROIVNEWIVXEHEVMEWTIOPMRKOYRKER]EMXYEHER]ETIVEPEXER]ERKQIRHYOYRK OIWIPEQEXEROIVNE L.
Media Promosi K3 4IRKIQFERKER FIOIVNE HIRKER FYHE]E WIPEQEX Behavior-based safety XIPEL QIQFIVMOER HEQTEO TSWMXMJ XIVOEMX HIRKER FEKEMQERE EWTIO OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXERHMLEVKEMWIVXETIRIVETERR]EHMPMRKOYRKEROIVNE]ERKFIVFIHE8YNYER
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MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
FIOIVNE HIRKER FYHE]E WILEX HER WIPEQEX EHEPEL YRXYO QIRKYVERKM GIHIVE HER QIQFMEWEOER KE]E LMHYT WILEX HM XIQTEX FIOIVNE QIPEPYM TIRHIOEXER TIVMPEOY TIVSVERKER HER QIQFERXY HEPEQ QIRKKEPM RMPEMRMPEM HER WMOET WIVXE QIRKYFEL TIVMPEOY QIRNEHM PIFML TSWMXMJ HER YRXYO QIQTIVPERGEV TVSKVEQ XIVWIFYX TIVPY HMPEOYOEROSQYRMOEWMFEMOWIGEVEPERKWYRKQEYTYRXMHEOPERKWYRK 1.
Pengertian Komunikasi “Komunikasi adalah suatu proses menyortir, memilih, dan mengirimkan simbol WMQFSP WIHIQMOMER VYTE WILMRKKE QIQFERXY TIRHIRKEV QIQFERKOMXOER makna atau respons dari pikirannya yang sama dengan komunikator. “Everett M. 6SKIVWQIR]EXEOEROSQYRMOEWMEHEPELTVSWIWHMQEREWYEXYMHIHMEPMLOERHEVM WYQFIVOITEHEWEXYTIRIVMQEEXEYPIFMLQEOWYHR]EYRXYOQIRKYFELXMRKOEL laku mereka.” /SQYRMOEWM HMFYXYLOER YRXYO QIQFIVMXELYOER EXEYQIRIVERKOER to inform 4IQFMGEVE WIFEKEM OSQYRMOEXSV QIRKMRKMROER TIRHIRKEVR]E QIQTIVGE]EM FEL[E JEOXE EXEY MRJSVQEWM ]ERK HMWEQTEMOERR]E EOYVEX HER PE]EO YRXYO HMOIXELui” Komunikasi dilakukan melalui saluran, yaitu jalan yang dilalu pesan OSQYRMOEXSV YRXYO WEQTEM OI OSQYRMOERR]E 8IVHETEX HYE NEPER EKEV TIWER OSQYRMOEXSV FMWE WEQTEM TEHE OSQYRMOER ]EMXY OSQYRMOEWM XMHEO FIVQIHME (nonmediated communication) ]ERK FIVPERKWYRK XEXET QYOE (face-to-face) HER OSQYRMOEWMFIVQIHME(mediated communication) :EVHMERW]EL -WXMPELPEMR HMKYREOER YRXYO QIQFIHEOER NIRMW OSQYRMOEWM XIVWIFYX]EMXY OSQYRMOEWM PERKWYRK (direct communication) HER OSQYRMOEWM XEO PERKWRK indirect communication).
2.
Komunikasi dengan media (mediated communication) /SQYRMOEWM FIVQIHME EHEPEL OSQYRMOEWM ]ERK QIRKKYREOER WEPYVER EXEY WEVEREYRXYOQIRIVYWOERWYEXYTIWEROITEHEOSQYRMOER]ERKNEYLXIQTEXR]E dan/banyak jumlahnya” Pada komunikasi ini arus baliO XMHEO HETEX PERKWYRK HMVEWEOER /SQYRMOEXSV XMHEO HETEX QIRKIXELYM XERKKETER OSQYRMOER TEHE WEEXME FIVOSQYRMOEWM4IPEOWEREEROSQYRMOEWM HIRKERQIRKKYREOERQIHME OSQYRMOEXSVLEVYWPIFMLQEXERKHEPEQTIVIRGEREERHERTIVWMETERR]EWILMRKKE OSQYRMOEWMR]EHETEXFIVLEWMP 1IHMEOSQYRMOEWMHMPMLEXHEVMNYQPELXEVKIXOSQYRMOERR]EHETEXHMFIHEOEREXEW media massa dan nonmedia massa. “Menurut Bitter definisi sederhana
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
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OSQYRMOEWM QEWWE EHEPEL TIWER ]ERK HMOSQYRMOEWMOER QIPEPYM QIHME QEWWE pada sejumlah orang”. “/SQYRMOEWM QEWWE EHEPEL TIR]IFEVER TIWER HIRKER menggunakan media yang ditujukan kepada “massa yang abstrak”, yakni sejumlah orang yang tidak tampak oleh si penyampai pesan” Begitu pesan HMWEQTEMOER SPIL OSQYRMOEXSV XMHEO HMOIXELYMR]E ETEOEL TIWER MXY HMXIVMQE HMQIRKIVXMEXEYHMPEOYOERSPILOSQYRMOER “Komunikasi massa adalah proses komunikasi yang berlangsung di
mana
TIWERR]EHMOMVMQHEVMWYQFIV]ERKQIPIQFEKEOITEHEOLEPE]EO]ERKWMJEXR]E QEWWEP QIPEPYM EPEXEPEX ]ERK FIVWMJEX QIOERMW WITIVXM VEHMS XIPIZMWM WYVEX kabar, dan film” Komunikasi massa mempunyai kelebihan dalam hal banyaknya OSQYRMOER]ERKHETEXHMGETEM/IPIQELERR]EEHEPELXMHEOXIVPMLEXR]EQIVIOE WILMRKKE XMHEO HETEX HMOSRXVSP ETEOEL TIWER ]ERK HMPERGEVOER HMXIVMQE SPIL QIVIOE EXEY XMHEO HMQIRKIVXM EXEY XMHEO =ERK NIPEW QIHME QEWWE QIQMPMOM OIEQTYLER YRXYO QIR]IFEVOER MRJSVQEWM OEVIRE HETEX HMXIVMQE SPIL OSQYRMOERWIGEVEWIVIQTEOHEPEQNYQPEL]ERKVIPEXMJWERKEXFER]EO %HEFIFIVETENIRMWQIHMEQEWWE Media massa periodik1IHMEQEWWETIVMSHMO EVXMR]EXIVFMXXIVEXYVTEHE[EOXY[EOXY]ERKXIPELHMXIRXYOERWIFIPYQR]E1IHME QEWWE TIVMSHMOHETEXHMFIHEOEREXEW]ERKIPIOXVSRMO VEHMSXIPIZMWM HERRSR IPIOXVSRMO EXEY GIXEO WYVEX OEFEV Media massa nonperiodik 1IHME QEWWE RSRTIVMSHMOHMQEOWYHOERTEHEQIHMEQEWWE]ERKFIVWMJEXIZIRXYEPXIVKERXYRK TEHE IZIRX XIVXIRXY 7IXIPEL IZIRX YWEM WIPIWEM TYPEPEL TIRKKYREER]E EVXMR]E XMHEO FIVOEPE 1IHME QEWWE RSRTIVMSHMO HETEX HMFIHEOER EXEW QERYWME HER FIRHE 1IWOMTYR MRXIRWMXEW QIHME QEWWE RSRTIVMSHMO OYVERK HMFERHMRKOER HIRKERQIHMEQEWWETIVMSHMOREQYRYRXYOOITIRXMRKERXIVXIRXY1IHMEQEWWE RSRTIVMSHMOXIXETIJIOXMJOEVIREQIQMPMOMOIEQTYLERQEWMRKQEWMRKYRXYOLEP LEP XIVXIRXY HER OIPSQTSOOIPSQTSO XIVXIRXY ]ERK XIVKSPSRK WIFEKEM QIHME GIXEOQIPMTYXM WTERHYOTSWXIVHERFVSWYV 3.
Komunikasi dan promosi melalui Poster 4SWXIVQIVYTEOERQIHMEMRJSVQEWMWMRKOEXPIRKOETHERTIRXMRK]ERKHMPIXEOOERHM XIQTEX YQYQ 4SWXIV QIVYTEOER WEPEL WEXY EPEX TVSQSWM HIRKER XYNYER YRXYO QIQTIRKEVYLM WIWISVERK EKEV XIVXEVMO TEHE WIWYEXY EXEY QIQTIRKEVYLM WIWISVERK EKEV FIVXMRHEO 8YNYER TSWXIV YRXYO QIRKMRKEX OIQFEPM HER QIRKEVELOERTIQFEGEOIEVELXMRHEOERXIVXIRXYWIWYEMHIRKERETE]ERKHMMRKMROER OSQYRMOEXSV4IRIQTEXERTSWXIV]ERKFIREVEOERPIFMLFER]EOSVERK]ERKQIPMLEX
146
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIRMOQEXM HER QIQFEGE TIWERTIWER ]ERK XIVGERXYQ HM TSWXIV 4SWXIV EHEPEL KEQFEV]ERKFIWEV]ERKQIQFIVMXIOERERTEHEWEXYEXEYHYEMHITSOSOWILMRKKE HETEXHMQIRKIVXMHIRKERQIPMLEXR]EWITMRXEWPEPY (ITEVXIQIR/IWILEXER6- 7IHERKOER QIRYVYX TIRKIVXMER TVSQSWM kesehatan “4SWXIV EHEPEL FIRXYO QIHME GIXEOFIVMWMTIWERTIWERMRJSVQEWMOIWILEXER]ERKFMEWER]EHMXIQTIPHMXIQFSO XIQFSO HM XIQTEXtempat umum, seperti di kendaraan umum”. Berikut adalah OIPIFMLERHEROIOYVERKERTSWXIVWIFEKEMQIHMEOSQYRMOEWM Kelebihannya : E
/LEPE]EO HETEX QIRKEXYV XIQTS HEPEQ QIQFEGE -E HETEX QIRKYPERK FEGEERR]E OIQFEPMHERQIRKEXYVGEVEQIQFEGEQIHME]ERKHETEXHMXMRNEY YPERKTIQFEGEHETEXHIRKERXIRERKQIQFEGEHIRKERXIPMXMWYVEXOEFEVHER HETEXQIQFEGEOIQFEPMFEKMERFEKMERQIRYVYXOILIRHEOR]E
F
/EVIRE WMJEXR]E ]ERK XIVGIXEO TIWERTIWERR]E FIVWMJEX TIVQERIR HER OIOYEXERYXEQER]EEHEPELHETEXHMNEHMOERFYOXM
G
1IQYEXMRJSVQEWM]ERKGYOYTPIRKOET
H
7EEX TIQFEGE XMHEO TELEQ TEHE WEXY FEKMER HEVM MWMR]E TIQFEGE HETEX QIRER]EOERR]ETEHESVERKPEMR
I
(ETEX QIRMRKOEXOER OIWEHEVER XIVLEHET OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE WIVXEQIVERKWERKOITIVGE]EERWMOETHERTIVMPEOY
J
(ETEX QIR]EQTEMOER MQJSVQEWM QIRKEVELOER SVERK QIPMLEX WYQFIV PEMR EPEQEXRSXIPTLSRIHPP
K
(ETEXHMFYEXWIRHMVMHMVYQELHERLEVKER]EVIPEXMJQYVEL
Kelemahannya E
9RXYO QIRMOQEXMR]E HMTIVPYOER OIQEQTYER QIQFEGE HER EXIRWM EXEY TIVLEXMER
F
/EVIRE XMHEO FIVWMJEX EYHMXMJ HER ZMWYEP ME QIQMRXEOER TYPE OIQEQTYER MQENMREWMTIQFEGEYRXYOQIRMOQEXMHERQIQELEQMR]E
G
1IQFYXYLOER TVSWIW TIR]YWYRER HER TIR]IFEVER ]ERK OSQTPIOW HER QIQFYXYLOER[EOXY]ERKVIPEXMJPEQE
H
.IRMW FELER ]ERK HMKYREOER FMEWER]E QYHEL WSFIO EVXMR]E OIQYRKOMRER KERKKYERQIOERMWXMRKKMWILMRKKEMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMXIVMQEXMHEOPIRKOET
I
(MXYNYOERTEHEEYHMIRXIVFEXEWOIGYEPMTSWXIVOSQIVWMIP
J
1EXIVM ]ERK OSQTPIO EXEY FIVOYEPMXEW XMRKKM QIQIVPYOER ELPM KVEJMW HER TIVEPEXERGIXEO]ERKGERKKML
K
&ME]ER]E VIPEXMJ QELEP OEVIRE TIVERGERKER HER XIORMO TIRGIXEOERR]E FEMO HERTVSJIWMSREP
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
147
4.
Promosi kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja 4VSQSWM OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE QIVYTEOER OSQTSRIR ]ERK HMTEOEM YRXYO QIQFIVMXELY HER QIQTIRKEVYLM TEWEV (M FMHERK TIQEWEVER TVSQSWM QIRKERHYRK QEORE QIRKERNYVOER WIWYEXY WIVXE QIQFIVMOER WEVER ]ERK QIQFYNYO HER QI]EOMROER TEHE OSRWYQIR EKEV XIVXEVMO TEHE FEVERK ]ERK HMXE[EVOER
HER
TEHE
EOLMVR]E
XIVIEPMWEWM
WYEXY
TIRNYEPER
1IRYVYX
Swastha”Promosi adalah arus informasi atau persuasi satu arah yang dibuat untuk QIRKEVELOER
WIWISVERK
EXEY
SVKERMWEWM
OITEHE
XMRHEOER
]ERK
menciptakanpertukaran dalam pemasaran”. Besarnya manfaat suatu produk, tetapi OEPEY XMHEO HMOIREP SPIL QEW]EVEOEX QEOE TVSHYO XIVWIFYX XMHEO EOER HMOIXELYM QERJEEXR]EHERXMHEOFIVLEWMPHMTEWEV /IKMEXERTVSQSWM]ERKWINEPERHIRKERFEMOVIRGERETIQEWEVERWIGEVEOIWIPYVYLER WIVXEHMVIRGEREOERHMEVELOERHERHMOIRHEPMOERHIRKERFEMOHETEXFIVTIVERWIGEVE EOXMJ HER FIVEVXM HM HEPEQ QIRMRKOEXOER TIRNYEPER TVSHYO XIVWIFYX /IKMEXER TVSQSWM XMHEO LER]E HM FMHERK TIQEWEVER TVSHYO XIXETM NYKE HMKYREOER HEPEQ FMHERKOIWILEXER(IXIVQMRERTSOSOOIWILEXEREHEPELEWTIOEWIOWSWMEPIOSRSQM HER PMRKOYRKER ]ERK WIVMRK FIVEHE HM PYEV OSRXVSP TIVSVERKER EXEY QEW]EVEOEX %WTIO TVSQSWM OIWILEXER ]ERK QIRHEWEV EHEPEL QIPEOYOER TIQFIVHE]EER WILMRKESVERKQIQMPMOMOSRXVSP]ERKPIFMLFIWEVXIVLEHETEWTIOEWTIOOILMHYTER ]ERKQIRMRKOEXOERQIQTIRKEVYLMOIWILEXER ;,3QIRHIJMRMWMOERTVSQSWMOIWILEXERWIGEVEVMRKOEW]EORM 4VSQSWMOIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE EHEPEL TVSWIW QIQFYEX SVERK QEQTY QIRMRKOEXOER OSRXVSP XIVLEHET OIWILEXER HER QIQTIVFEMOM OIWILEXER WIVXE OIWIPEQEXER OIVNER]E%HEXMKEYRWYVLEP]ERKWERKEXQIRHEWEVYRXYOXYNYERTVSQSWMOIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE ]EMXY QIQTIVFEMOM OIWILEXER HER QIQMPMOM OSRXVSP ]ERK PIFML FIWEV XIVLEHET OIWILEXER WIVXE OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE QIVYTEOER PMRHE )[PIW HER -RE 7MQRIXX HEVM EWTIO JMPSWSJMW OIKMEXER TVSQSWM OIWILEXER NMOE FIVLEWMP EOER QIQTIRKEVYLM OILMHYTER WIWISVERK XIVYXEQE ]ERK FIVLYFYRKER HIRKER OIWILEXERR]E 7IQYE ]ERK XIVPMFEX HEPEQ TVSQSWM OIWILEXER LEVYW QIQELEQMXYNYERTVSQSWMOIWILEXER 8YNYEROYRGMHEVMTVSQSWMOIILEXEREHEPELQIQFIVMXELYSVERKXIRXERKGEVEGEVE TVMPEOYHERKE]ELMHYT]ERKHETEXQIQTIRKEVYLMOIWILEXERR]EQIQFIVMXELYHER QIR]EHEVOER FEL[E MRJSVQEWM MXY TIVPY HMQIRKIVXM KYRE QIQFERXY HEPEQ
148
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIRKKEPMRMPEMRMPEMHERWMOETWIVXEQIRKYFELTIVMPEOYQIRNEHMPIFMLTSWMXMT PMRHE )[PIWHER-RE7MQRIXX 5.
Pendidikan dan bidang promosi kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja 7SIOMHNS 2SXSEXQSHNS QIRKIQYOEOER FEL[E 6YERK PMRKOYT TIRHMHMOER OIWILEXERHEROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEHETEXHMPMLEXHEVMFIFIVETEHMQIRWMERXEVEPEMR HMQIRWMWEWEVERTIRHMHMOERHMQIRWMXIQTEXTIPEOWEREERETPMOEWMR]EHERHMQIRWM XMRKOEX TIPE]ERERR]E 4IRHMHMOER OIWILEXER HEVM dimensi sasarannya HETEX HMOIPSQTSOOERQIRNEHMXMKE]EMXY E
4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXERMRHMZMHYHIRKERWEWEVERMRHMZMHY
F
4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXEROIPSQTSOHIRKERWEWEVEROIPSQTSO
G
4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXERQEW]EVEOEXHIRKERWEWEVERQEW]EVEOEX
4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXERHEVMdimensi tempat pelaksanaannyaHETEXFIVPERKWYRKHM FIVFEKEMXIQTEXWITIVXM E 4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXERHM7IOSPELHIRKERWEWEVERWMW[EQYVMH F 4IRHMHMOER OIWILEXER HM VYQEL WEOMX HIRKER WEWEVER TEWMIR HER OIPYEVKE TEWMIR G 4IRHMHMOEROIWILEXERHMXIQTEXOIVNEHIRKERWEWEVERTIOIVNEEXEYOEV]E[ER ]ERKFIVWERKOYXER 4IRHMHMOER/IWILEXERHEVMdimensi tingkat pelayananHETEXHMPEOYOERFIVHEWEVOER PMQEXMRKOEXTIRGIKELER five levels of prootion ]EORM a.
Promosi Kesehatan (health promotion) %HEXYNYLFMHERKOIKMEXERTVSQSWMOIWILEXERHERWIGEVEKEVMWFIWEVHETEX HMPMLEXTEHEHMEKVEQFIVMOYXMRM 0MRHE)[PIWHER-RE7MQRIXX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
149
Program Pendidikan Kesehatan Primer,sconder,dan tersier
Pelayanan Kesehatan Preventif
Kebijakan publik yang sehat
Bidang Kegiatan Promosi Kesehatan
Kegiatan ekonomi dan peraturan
Tindakan Kesehatan Enviromenntal
Pengembangan organisasi
Kegiatan berbasis pada masyarakat
Gambar 92. Tujuh Bidang Kegiatan Promosi Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja
6.
b.
Perlindungan khusus (Specifik Protection)
c.
Diagnosa Dini (Early diagnosis)
d.
Pengobatan segera (Prompt trethment)
e.
Pembatasan Cacat (Disability limitation) dan Pemulihan (Rehabilitation)
Media Promosi kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) 1IHME PEXMR EHEPEL FIRXYO NEQEO HEVM QIHMYQ %WWSGMEXMSR JSV )HYGEXMSR ERH 'SQQYRMGEXMSR 8IGLRSPSK] %)'8 QIRHIJMRMWMOER QIHME WIFEKEM WIKEPE FIRXYO ]ERK HMQERJEEXOER HEPEQ TVSWIW TIR]EPYVER MRJSVQEWM 2EXMSREP )HYGEXMSR %WWSGMEXMSR 2)% QIRHIJMRMWMOER QIHME WIFEKEM WIKEPE FIRHE ]ERK HETEX HMQERMTYPEWM HMPMLEX HMHIRKEV HMFEGE EXEY HMFMRGERKOER FIWIVXE MRWXVYQIR YRXYO WYEXY OIKMEXER 1IHME TVSQSWM OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE EHEPEL WIQYE WEVEREEXEYYTE]EYRXYOQIREQTMPOERTIWEREXEYMRJSVQEWM]ERKMRKMRHMWEQTEMOER SPIL OSQYRMOEXSV FEMO MXY QIPEPYM QIHME GIXEO IPIOXVSRMOE HER QIHME PYEV VYERK WILMRKKE WEWEVER HETEX QIRMRKOEXOER TIRKIXELYERR]E ]ERK EOLMVR]E HETEX FIVYFEL TIVMPEOY OI EVEL ]ERK PIFML TSWMXMJ XIVLEHET OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE 1IHME MRM HMWYWYR FIVHEWEVOER TVMRWMT FEL[E TIRKIXELYER ]ERK EHE TEHE WIXMETQERYWMEHMXERKOETHERHMXIVMQEQIPEPYMTERGE MRHIVE1IHME TIRHMHMOERMRM HMQEOWYHOER YRXYO QIRKEVELOER MRHIVE OITEHE WYEXY SF]IO WILMRKKE QIQTIVQYHEL TIVWITWM WIWISVERK 1IHME EOER WERKEX QIQFERXY HM HEPEQ QIPEOYOER TIR]YPYLER EKEV TIWERTIWER OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE HETEX HMWEQTEMOERPIFMLNIPEWHERWEWEVERHETEXQIRIVMQETIWERXIVWIFYXHIRKERNIPEW TYPE
150
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1IHMEQIQFYEXSVERKPIFMLQIRKIVXMJEOXEOIWILEXERHEROIWIPEQEXEROIVNE]ERK HMERKKET VYQMX WILMRKKE HETEX QIRKLEVKEM FIXETE FIVRMPEMR]E OIWILEXER HER OIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFEKMWYEXYOILMHYTER1IHMEEHEPELTEHELEOMOEXR]EEHEPELEPEX FERXYTIRHMHMOER %:% OEVIREEPEXEPEXXIVWIFYXQIVYTEOERWEPYVER channel YRXYO QIR]EQTEMOERMRJSVQEWMOIWILEXERHEROEVIREEPEXEPEXXIVWIFYXHMKYREOERYRXYO QIQTIVQYHELTIRIVMQEERTIWEROIWILEXERFEKMQEW]EVEOEX 1ERJEEX QIHME TVSQSWM / 1IRMQFYPOER QMREX WEWEVER TIRHMHMOER 1IRGETEM WEWEVER ]ERK PIFML FER]EO 1IQFERXYHEPEQ QIRKEXEWM FER]EO LEQFEXER HEPEQ TIQELEQER1IVERKWERKWEWEVERTIRHMHMOERYRXYOQIRIVYWOERTIWERTIWER]ERK HMXIVMQE
OITEHE
SVERK
PEMR
1IQTIVQYHEL
TIR]EQTEMER
FELER
TIRHMHMOERMRJSVQEWM SPIL TEVE TIRHMHMOTIPEOY TIRHMHMOER 1IRHSVSRK OIMRKMRER YRXYOQIRKIXELYMOIQYHMERPIFMLQIRHEPEQMHEREOLMVR]EQIRHETEXOERTIRKIVXMER ]ERK PIFML FEMO 1IQFERXY QIRIKEOOER TIRKIVXMER ]ERK HMTIVSPIL 'MVM QIHME 4VSQSWM]ERKFEMO 1YHELHMFYEX&ELERFELERR]EHETEXHMTIVSPILHMFELERFELER PSGEP(MXYPMWHMKEQFEVHIRKERWIHIVLERE1IQEOEMFELEWEWIXIQTEXHERQYHEL HMQIRKIVXM SPIL QEW]EVEOEX 1IQIRYLM OIFYXYLEROIFYXYLER TIXYKEW OIWILEXER HER QEW]EVEOEX OSQYRMOEXMJ HER QIREVMO (EPEQ TIQFYEXER QIHME ]ERK LEVYW HMTIVLEXMOERXIRXERKWEWEVERERXEVEPEMR -RHMZMHYEXEYOIPSQTSO/EXIKSVMOEXIKSVM WEWEVER WITIVXM OIPSQTSO YQYVHER TIRHMHMOER &ELEWE ]ERK HM KYREOER %HEX MWXMEHEXWIVXEOIFMEWEER1MREXHERTIVLEXMER4IRKIXELYERHERTIRKEPEQERWEWEVER XIRXERKTIWER]ERKEOERHMXIVMQE 8IQTEX QIQEWERK QIRKKYREOER QIHME TVSQSWM / (M HEPEQ OIPYEVKE OYRNYRKERVYQEL[EOXYQIRSPSRKTIVWEPMRERQIVE[EXFE]MHERPEMRWIFEKEMR]E (MQEW]EVEOEX TIVE]EERLEVMLEVMFIWEVEVMWEREVMWERTIRKENMERHERWIXIVYWR]E(M MRWXERWMMRWXERWM TYWOIWQEW67/ERXSVOERXSVWIOSPELHERWIXIVYWR]E %PEX%PEX &ERXYTIVEKEQIHME FIPENEV XIVWIFYX HETEX HMTIVKYREOER SPIL 4IXYKEWTIXYKEW TYWOIWQEWOIWILEXER /EHIV OIWILEXER +YVYKYVY WIOSPEL HER XSOSLXSOSL QEW]EVEOEX 8YNYER TVSQSWM HER XYNYER TIRKKYREER QIHME 4VSQSWM ERXEVE PEMR 1IREREQOER TIRKIXELYERTIRKIVXMER TIRHETEX HER OSRWITOSRWIT 1IRKYFEL TIVWITWMWMOETHERTIVMPEOY]ERKPIFMLTSWMXMJ1IREREQOERXMRKOELPEOYOIFMEWEER ]ERK FEVY 8YNYER TIRKKYREER QIHME TVSQSWM WIFEKEM EPEX FERXY HEPEQ PEXMLERTIREXEVERTIRHMHMOER HER TIR]YPYLER YRXYO QIRMQFYPOER TIVLEXMER XIVLEHET WYEXY QEWEPEL YRXYO QIRKMRKEXOER WYEXY TIWERMRJSVQEWM YRXYO QIRNIPEWOER JEOXEJEOXE TVSWIHYV HER XMRHEOER QIQTIVQYHEL TIR]EQTEMER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
151
MRJSVQEWMQIHME HETEX QIRKLMRHEVM OIWIPELER TIVWITWM HETEX QIQTIVNIPEW MRJSVQEWM QIHME HETEX QIQTIVQYHEL TIRKIVXMER QIRKYVERKM OSQMRMOEWM ]ERK ZIVFEPMWXMO QIREQTMPOER SF]IO ]ERK XMHEO FMWE HMXERKOET QEXE QIHME HETEX QIQTIVPERGEVOSQYRMOEWM 1EGEQQEGEQ%PEX&ERXYTIVEKEQIHME4VSQSWM/TEHEHEWEVR]EEHEXMKENIRMW QIHMETVSQSWMEXEYTIQFIPENEVER/]EORM %PEXFERXYTIVEKEQIHMEFIPENEVPMLEX ZMWYEPEMHW ]ERKFIVKYREHEPEQQIRWXMQYPEWMMRHVEQEXE TIRKPMLEXER TEHE[EOXY XIVNEHMR]E TIRHMHMOER HEPEQ FIRXYO EPEX ]ERK HMTVS]IOWMOER WPMHI JMPQ JMPQ WXVMT HWF HER EPEXEPEX ]ERK XMHEO HMTVS]IOWMOER HYE HMQIRWM KEQFEV TIXE TSWXIV FEKER XMKE HMQIRWM FSPE HYRME FSRIOE HWF %PEX FERXY HIRKER EYHMS EMHW TMVMRKERLMXEQTMXEWYEVE%PEXFERXYPMLEXHIRKEV WITIVXMXIPIZMWMHERvideo casset
Media Promosi K3 juga dapat digolongkan menjadi tiga macam, yaitu: a.
Media elektronik =EMXY WYEXY QIHME FIVKIVEO HER HMREQMW HETEX HMPMLEX HER HMHIRKEV HEPEQ QIR]EQTEMOERTIWERR]EQIPEPYMEPEXFERXYIPIOXVSRMOE'SRXSL 8IPIZMWM6EHMS *MPQ/EWIX'(:'((:(Slide Show Kelebihan: WYHEL HMOIREP QEW]EVEOEX QIPMFEXOER WIQYE TERGE MRHVE PIFML QYHEL HMTELEQM PIFML QIREVMO OEVIRE EHE WYEVE HER KEQFEV FIVXEXET QYOE TIR]ENMER HETEX HMOIRHEPMOER NERKOEYER VIPEXMJ PIFML FIWEVPYEW WIFEKEM EPEX HMWOYWMHETEXHMYPERK–YPERK Kelemahan: FME]EPIFMLXMRKKMWIHMOMXVYQMXQIQIVPYOERIRIVKMPMWXVMOHMTIVPYOER EPEX GERKKML HEPEQ TVSWIW TVSHYOWM TIVPY TIVWMETER ]ERK QEXERK TIVEPEXER ]ERK WIPEPY FIVOIQFERK HER FIVYFEL TIVPY OIXIVEQTMPER TIR]MQTERER TIVPY OIXIVEQTMPERHEPEQTIRKSTIVEWMER
b.
Media luar ruang =EMXY WYEXY QIHME ]ERK QIR]EQTEMOER TIWERR]E HM PYEV VYERK WIGEVE YQYQ QIPEPYM QIHME GIXEO HER IPIOXVSRMO WIGEVE WXEXMW 'SRXSL TETER VIOPEQI WTERHYOTEQIVERFERRIV8:PE]EVPIFEV Kelebihan: WIFEKEMMRJSVQEWMYQYQHERLMFYVERQIPMFEXOERWIQYETERGEMRHVE PIFMLQIREVMOOEVIREEHEWYEVEHERKEQFEVEHER]EXEXETQYOETIR]ENMERHETEX HMOIRHEPMOERNERKOEYERVIPEXMJPIFMLPYEW
152
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Kelemahan: FME]EPIFMLXMRKKMWIHMOMXVYQMXEHE]ERKQIQIVPYOERPMWXVMOHEREXEY EPEX GERKKML TIVPY OIWMETER ]ERK QEXERK TIVEPEXER ]ERK WIPEPY FIVOIQFERK HER FIVYFELTIVPYOIXVEQTMPERTIR]MQTERER c.
Media Cetak =EMXYWYEXYQIHMEWXEXMWHERQIRKYXEQEOERTIWER–TIWERZMWYEP4EHEYQYQR]E XIVHMVM HEVM KEQFEVER WINYQPEL OEXE KEQFEV EXEY JSXS HEPEQXEXE [EVRE 'SRXSL 4SWXIV PIEJPIX FVSWYV QENEPEL WYVEX OEFEV PIQFEV FEPMO *YRKWM 9XEQE 1IQFIVM MRJSVQEWMHERQIRKLMFYV Kelebihan: XELERPEQEQIRGEOYTFER]EOSVERKFME]EXMHEOXIVPEPYXMRKKMXMHEOTIVPY IRIVKM PMWXVMO HETEX HMFE[E QIQTIVQYHEL TIQELEQER QIRMRKOEXOER KEMVEL FIPENEV Kelemahan : 8MHEOHETEXQIRWMQYPEWMIJIOWYEVEHERIJIO1YHELXIVPMTEX 1IHME GIXEO WIFEKEM EPEX FERXY QIR]EQTEMOER TIWERTIWER OIWILEXER WERKEX FIVZEVMEWMERXEVEPEMRWIFEKEMFIVMOYX
BookletMEPELWYEXYQIHMEYRXYOQIR]EQTEMOERTIWERTIWEROIWILEXERHEPEQ FIRXYOFYOYFEMOFIVYTEXYPMWERQEYTYRKEQFEVKEQFEV
Leafleat MEPEL FIRXYO TIR]EQTEMER MRJSVQEWM EXEY TIWERTIWER OIWILEXER QIPEPYMPIQFEV]ERKHMPMTEX
Flyer WIPIFEVER MEPELFIRXYOWITIVXMPIEJPIEXXIXETMXMHEOFIVPMTEX
Flip chat PIQFEVFEPMO QIHMETIR]EQTEMERTIWEREXEYMRJSVQEWMOIWILEXER HEPEQFIRXYOPIQFEVFEPMOHERFIVMWMKEQFEVTIVEKEER
Rubrik atau tulisan8YPMWERTEHEWYVEXOEFEVEXEYQENEPEL]ERKQIQFELEW WYEXYQEWEPELOIWILEXEREXEYLEPLEPPEMR]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKEROIWILEXER
PosterMEPELFIRXYOQIHMEGIXEO]ERKFIVMWMTIWEREXEYMRJSVQEWMOIWILEXER ]ERK FMEWER]E HMXIQTIP HM XIQFSOXIQFSO HMXIQTEXXIQTEX YQYQ EXEY HM OIRHEVEERYQYQ
4SWXIVQIVYTEOERQIHMEMRJSVQEWMWMRKOEXPIRKOETHERTIRXMRK]ERKHMPIXEOOERHM XIQTEXYQYQ4SWXIVQIVYTEOEREPEXTVSQSWMHIRKERXYNYERYRXYOQIQTIRKEVYLM WIWISVERK EKEV XIVXEVMO TEHE WIWYEXY EXEY QIQTIRKEVYLM WIWISVERK EKEV FIVXMRHEONEHMTSWXIVEHEPELYRXYOQIRKMRKEXOIQFEPMHERQIRKEVELOERTIQFEGE OI EVEL XMRHEOER XIVXIRXY WIWYEM ]ERK HMMRKMROER OSQYRMOEXSV FIREV EOER SVERK PIFMLFER]EO]ERKQIPMLEXQIRMOQEXMHERQIQFEGETIWERTIWER]ERKXIVGERXYQ FMPE TIRIQTEXERR]E HMPEOYOER HIRKER FEMO 1IRYVYX (ITEVXIQIR /IWILEXER 6-
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
153
TSWXIVEHEPELKEQFEV]ERKFIWEV]ERKQIQFIVMXIOERERTEHEWEXYEXEY HYEMHITSOSOWILMRKKEHETEXHMQIRKIVXMQIPMLEXR]EWITMRXEWPEPY 4IVFIHEERQIRHEWEVTSWXIVHIRKERQIHMETVSQSWMPEMRR]EEHEPELTSWXIVHMFEGE SVERK]ERKWIHERKFIVKIVEOQYRKOMRWIHERKFIVOIRHEVEEXEYFIVNEPEROEOM&VSWYV FSSOPIX JP]IV HMVERGERK YRXYO HMFEGE WIGEVE OLYWYW QYRKOMR HYHYO EXEY WIWEEX WEQFMP FIVHMVM 4SWXIV LEVYW HETEX QIREVMO TIVLEXMER TIQFEGER]E WIOIXMOE HER HEPEQLMXYRKERHIXMOTIWERR]ELEVYWHMQIRKIVXM4SWXIVHMKYREOERYRXYOFIVFEKEM QEGEQ OITIVPYER WITIVXM FIVMOYX MRM QIRKYQYQOERQIQTIVOIREPOER WYEXY EGEVEQIQTVSQSWMOERPE]ERERNEWEQIRNYEPWYEXYTVSHYOQIQFIRXYOWMOETEXEY TERHERKER 1)
Tipikal poster yang baik 1IRYVYX0MRHEI[PIWHER-REWMQRIXX XMTITSWXIV]ERKFEMOERXEVE PEMR FIVLEWMPQIR]EQTEMOERMRJSVQEWMWIGEVEGITEXMHIHERMWM]ERKQIREVMO TIVLEXMER QIQTIRKEVYLM QIQFIRXYO STMRMTERHERKER QIRKKYREOER [EVRE[EVRE
]ERK
QIR]SPSO
HER
QIREVMO
QIRIVETOER
TVMRWMT
’simplicity’WIHIVLERE HER PYKEW XIOEROER LEPLEP ]ERK TIRXMRK HIRKER QIRKYFELLYVYJWX]PIEXEY[EVREKYREOERFELEWE]ERKHMQIRKIVXMWEWEVER FIWEVLYVYJLEVYWQEWYOHEPEQNERKOEYERQEXEKYREOERPIXEOHMWTPE]HIRKER STXMQEPHERKYREOER[EVRE 1IQFYEX TSWXIV TIVPY QIQTIVLEXMOER TW]GSPSKM [EVRE EXEY TIQEOREER [EVREEKEVTIWERHERKEQFEV]ERKHMFYEXPIFMLETVIWMEXMJHEPEQQIVERGERK TIQFYEXER TSWXIV HIWEMRIV KVEJMWR]E TIVPY QIQTIVLEXMOER TW]GSPSKM [EVRE HEPEQ XEXE TIR]ENMER TIWERR]E EKEV PIFML QIR]IRXYL VEWE HER PIFML OSQYRMOEXMJWIVXEQIQFIVMOERHE]EXEVMO]ERKXMRKKM(EPEQTWMOSPSKM[EVRE HETEX QIQMPMOM QEORE HER OIWER QEWMRKQEWMRK WITIVXM FIVYOYX MRM ;EVRE QIVELQIQMPMOMFIVFEKEMEVXM1IVELHETEXFIVEVXMFIVLIRXM[EVREQIVELNYKE WIVMRK HMKYREOER YRXYO QIPEQFERKOER OIQEVELER VEWE QEPY HEVEL OIOIVEWERTIVERKREJWYETMHERFMWENYKEHMKYREOERWIFEKEMXERHEFELE]E FIWEV HEPEQ FIRHIVE OIFERKWEER -RHSRIWME [EVRE QIVEL HEPEQ FIRHIVE -RHSRIWMEQIPEQFERKOEROIFIVERMER(M'MRE[EVREQIVELFIVEVXMTIVE]EER OIFIVYRXYRKER HER OIQEOQYVER HEPEQ HIWEMR VEKEQ LMEW [EVRE QIVEL FIVEVXMEHETIRIOEREREXEYEHE]ERKLEVYWHMTIVLEXMOER
154
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
;EVRE FMVY WIVMRK HMEWSWMEWMOER WIFEKEM [EVRE PERKMX EXEY[EVRE PEYXER &MVY FMWE QIPEQFERKOER TIVWEXYER OIXIRERKER TIVGE]E HMVM OIFMNEOWEREEER MHIEPMWQI PS]EPMXEW GELE]E TPERIX &YQM YHEVE XIORSPSKM OSRWIVZEXMWQI OIHEQEMER OIFIREVER HER OIVEQELXEQELER &ER]EO ]ERK FIVTIRHETEX FMVY EHEPEL [EVRE XIVFEMOHIRKERFIVFEKEMWMJEXTSWMXMJ/YRMRKEHEPEL[EVRE]ERKQIPEQFERKOERWMREV QEXELEVMOIGIVMEEROIKIQFMVEERSTXMQMWQIOIOE]EER IQEW LEVETERPMFIVEPMWQI OIXMHEONYNYVERVEQELOIWIVEOELEROIPIQELERGIQFYVYFIVKEMVELHERPEMRPEMR(M 1IWMVOYRMRKFIVEVXMFIVOEFYRKHM.ITERKFIVEVXMOIFIVERMER;EVREOYRMRKWIVMRK NYKEHMEVXMOERWIFEKEMPEQFERKOIEKYRKER[EVREOYRMRKQIQMPMOMOIWERWIQERKEX HERTEREW ;EVRETMROWIVMRKWIVMRKWIOEPMHMLYFYRKOERHIRKERGMRXEVSQERXMWQIOIOEKYRKER YRKOETER XIVMQE OEWML HER WMQTEXM ;EVRE TMRO NYKE HETEX QIR]MQFSPOER OI[ERMXEER OIWILEXER HER TIVRMOELER 7IKMXMKE FIV[EVRE TMRO QIR]MQFSPOER LSQSWIOWYEPMXEW HER FMWIOWYEPMXEW 4MXE FIV[EVRE TMRO FMEWE HMKYREOER YRXYO QIR]IQERKEXMTIRHIVMXEOEROIVTE]YHEVE4EPIVQSWEPELWEXYXMQOYHELMXEQ7IVMI % QIRKKYREOER OSWXYQ [EVRE TMRO ;EVRE LMNEY EHEPEL [EVRE HEYR HER VYQTYX PETERKERWITEOFSPE;EVREMRMWIVMRKHMEWSWMEWMOERHIRKERTIVXYQFYLEROIPELMVER LEPLEPEPEQMELOIWILEXEROIWIMQFERKERHERWXEFMPMXEW1EWMLLMNEYFIVEVXMFIPYQ FIVTIRKEPEQER(M%QIVMOELMNEYFIVEVXMYERKHM'MREFIVEVXMEMFEXEYQEPYHM%JVMOE 9XEVE QIR]MQFSPOER OSVYTWM 4EHE ^EQER TIVXIRKELER (M -RKKVMW -VPERHME HER %QIVMOE [EVRE MRM HMERKKET WIFEKEM [EVRE TIQFE[E WMEP ;EVRE LMNEY QIQMPMOM OIWERQIR]INYOOER 'SOPEX QIPEQFERKOER OIXIRERKER OIHEPEQER OIOE]EER WXEFMPMXEW XVEHMWM OIQMWOMREROIOEWEVER&MWENYKEYRXYOQIPEQFERKOERSVKERMWQIREXYVEPEXEYLEP LEP EPEQMEL ;EVRE GSOPEX HETEX QIRHSVSRK SVERK YRXYO QIQMPMOM OIMRKMRER OIWILEXEROIWIXMEEROIWIHIVLEREEROIVEQELXEQELERHERWMJEXFIVXERKKYRKNE[EF 4YXMLQIPEQFERKOERWEPNYTIVHEQEMEROIFIVWMLEROIWYGMERXEOFIVWEPELWXIVMPHER OIWIHIVLEREER&IRHIVETYXMLHMKYREOERWIFEKEMXERHEQIR]IVEL(M-RHMEHER'MRE TYXML FIVEVXM FIVOEFYRK %FYEFY FMWE FIVEVXM OIQI[ELER OIVIRHELER LEXM TIRKLSVQEXER OIWIMQFERKER OIFMNEOWEREER RIXVEPMXEW JSVQEPMXEW OILEPYWER OIVYWEOERHERIQSWM]ERKOYEXWIVMRKHMEWSWMEOERHIRKERHIFYEWETHERTSPYWM ;EVREMRMNYKEFMWEFIVEVXMFIVOEFYRK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
155
;EVRE NMRKKE SVER]I QIPEQFERKOER ,MRHYMWQI &YHHLMWQI IRIVKM OIIPSOER EVSKER OIWIMQFERKER IQSWM XMRKKM WYOE FIVQEMR HER ERXYWMEWQI 7ITIVM [EVRE OYRMRK [EVRE NMRKKE NYKE QIQMPMOM OIWER TEREW ;EVRE LMXEQ WIVMRK HMLYFYRK LYFYRKOER HIRKER QMWXIVM WIXER OIXEOYXER HER OIQEXMER ;EVRE ]ERK FMEWE HMKYREOERWIFEKEM[EVREXMRXEMRMNYKEHETEXFIVEVXMQSHIVRMXEWOIOYEXERHYRME[M OIWIHMLERJSVQEPMXEWHYOEGMXEHEROIQI[ELER[EVRELMXEQFIVOIWERWIVEQEXEY KSXMG[EVRELMXEQFIVOIWERQIRKIGMPOER 9RXYOQIRKLEWMPOERTSWXIV]ERKFEMOTIVPYQIRIVETOERTVMRWMTTVMRWMTHIWEMRHEPEQ TIQFYEXERTSWXIVXIVWIFYXERXEVEPEMR a)
Balance (keseimbangan) %HENIRMWOIWIMQFERKER]ERKFMWEHMXIVETOER OIWIMQFERKERFMWEHMGETEMWIGEVE WMQIXVMW KEVMWKEVMW MQENMRIV FEMO ZIVXMOEP EXEY LSVMWSRXEP HETEX HMKYREOER YRXYO QIRGETEMOIWIMQFERKER[EPEYTYRXMHEOWMQIXVMW
b)
Movement, (alur baca).%PYVFEGE]ERKHMEXYVWIGEVEWMWXIQEXMWSPILHIWEMRIVYRXYO mengarahkan ‘mata pembaca’ dalam menelusuri informasi, satu bagian ke bagian PEMRTEHETSWXIV
c)
Emphasis, (penekanan). 4VMRWMT MRM ]ERK XIVTIRXMRK HEPEQ QIRHIWEMR TSWXIV 4IRIOERERFMWEHMGETEMHIRKERQIQFYEXWPSKERNYHYPEXEYMPYWXVEWMJSXSNEYLPIFML QIRSRNSPHEVMIPIQIRHIWEMRPEMRFIVHEWEVOERYVYXERTVMSVMXEW Penekanan bisa dicapai dengan:
d)
4IVFERHMRKERYOYVER
0EXEVFIPEOERK]ERKOSRXVEWHIRKERXYPMWEREXEYKEQFEV
4IVFIHEER[EVRE]ERKQIRGSPSO
Memanfaatkan ‘white space’ atau bidang kosonK
4IVFIHEERNIRMWYOYVERHER[EVRELYVYJ
Unity, (kesatuan). &IFIVETE FEKMER HEPEQ TSWXIV LEVYW HMKEFYRK EXEY HMTMWEL WIHIQMOMER VYTE QIRNEHM OIPSQTSOOIPSQTSO MRJSVQEWM 1MWEPR]E REQE KIHYRK LEVYW HIOEX HIRKER XIOW EPEQEX7TPEWL HMWOSR NERKER FIVNEYLER HIRKER TVSHYO ]ERK HMQEOWYH Kesatuan dapat dicapai dengan: 1IRHIOEXOER FIFIVETE IPIQIR desain, dibuat ‘overlapping’, Menggunakan bidang kotak/lingkaran, Memanfaatkan KEVMWYRXYOTIQMWELERMRJSVQEWM4IVFIHEER[EVREFEGOKVSYRH
e)
Specific appeal, (penampilan/kesan). 4SWXIV HMVERGERK YRXYO OITIVPYER OLYWYW berdasarkan suatu tema. Hal ini untuk memberikan ‘kesan’ suatu sentuhan yang
156
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
WIWYEMHIRKERTVSHYOEGEVEEXEYPE]ERER4SWXIVYRXYOTEVJYQ[ERMXEWIFEMOR]E XIVOIWER JIQMRMR PIQFYX EXEY HIOSVEXMJ 4SWXIV YRXYO QIRNYEP XVYO WIFEMOR]E QIRKKYREOER [EVRE[EVRE ]ERK FIVEX LYVYJLYVYJ ]ERK XIFEP HER QEWMJ 4SWXIV YRXYOTVSQSWM/WIFEMOR]EQIQMPMOMOIWER]ERQI]EOMROERHERHETEXQIQSXMZEWM SVERK YRXYO QIVYFEL TIVMPEOY WIWISVERKOIPSQTSO QIRNEHM PIFML TSWMXMT HER QIR]EHEVOER YRXYO PIFML QIRKYXEQEOER OIWILEXER HER OIEQERER OIVNE safety first
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
157
158
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB III
TEORI 5R (RINGKAS, RAPI, RESIK, RAWAT DAN RAJIN)
A.
5R 8YNYER 6 EHEPEL YRXYO QIRMRKOEXOER IJMWMIRWM HER OYEPMXEW XIQTEX OIVNE 7IHERKOERQERJEEXR]EERXEVEPEMR 1IRMRKOEXOERTVSHYOXMZMXEWOEVIRETIRKEXYVERXIQTEXOIVNE]ERKPIFMLIJMWMIR 1IRMRKOEXOEROIR]EQEREROEVIREXIQTEXOIVNEWIPEPYFIVWMLHERPYEW 1IRKYVERKMFELE]EHMXIQTEXOIVNEOEVIREOYEPMXEWXIQTEXOIVNE]ERKFEKYWFEMO 1IREQFEL TIRKLIQEXER OEVIRE QIRKLMPERKOER TIQFSVSWERTIQFSVSWER HM XIQTEXOIVNE 8ISVM 7 QIVYTEOER WYEXY QIXSHI TIREXEER HER TIQFIVHE]EER EVIE OIVNE TIQVEOEVWE QIXSHI MRM EHEPEL .ITERK 7 WIRHMVM QIVYTEOER WMRKOEXER HEVM Seiri TIQMPELER 7IMXSR TIREXEER Seiso 4IQFIVWMLER Seiketsu TIQERXETER HER Shitsuke TIQFMEWEER -RHSRIWME QIRGSFE QIRXVERWJSVQEWM QIXSHI 7 HIRKER WIFYXER6 6MRKOEW6ETM6IWMO6E[EX6ENMR 7QEYTYR6OIHYER]EFIVXYNYER YRXYO QIQFYEX EVIE OIVNE QIRNEHM XIVXEXE FIVWML QIVRKYVERKM TIQFSVSWER WIOEPMKYWQIRKYFELWMOETTEVETIPEOYQIXSHIXIVWIFYX1ERJEEX]ERKEOERHMHETEX HIRKERQIRIVETOER7WIGEVEKEVMWFIWEVEHEPEL 1.
/IQYHELERQIRKMHIRXMJMOEWMFEVERK
2.
4IRKKYREEREPEXOIVNEWIGEVEFIREV
3.
1IQTIVPERGEV[EOXYTVSWIW
4.
1IRKLMPERKOEROIVERGYERHEROIXMHEOTEWXMER
5.
/IQEQTYEROSRWIRXVEWMOIVNEPIFMLFEMO
6.
%PMVERXVERWTSVXEWMMRXIVREP]ERKPIFMLFEMO
7.
1IQTIVWMRKOEX[EOXYTIRGEVMERFEVERK
8.
8IQTEX]ERKEQERHEREQERYRXYOFIVOIVNE
/IFIVLEWMPER OMRIVNE WYEXY FIRKOIPPEFSVEXSVMYQ HMRMPEM HEVM OSRHMWM PMRKOYRKER HM XIQTEXOIVNE&IRKOIP]ERKQIQTYR]EMOMRIVNE]ERKFYVYOHETEXHMPMLEXHEVMWMXYEWM OIVNE ]ERK XMHEOXIVEXYV FER]EOR]E FEVERK reject EXEY rework RMPEM EFWIRWM TIOIVNE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
159
]ERKFYVYOHERWIFEKEMR]E7QIVYTEOERMRHMOEXSVTIVXEQEYRXYOQIRMPEMOMRIVNE FIRKOIP XIVWIFYX 7-)2 Consultant 7 EHEPEL WYEXY QIXSHI TIREXEER HER TIQIPMLEVEER [MPE]EL OIVNE WIGEVE MRXIRWMJ ]ERK FIVEWEP HEVM .ITERK -WM HEVM 7 EHEPEL Seiri TIQMPELER Seiton TIREXEER Seiso TIQFIVWMLER Seiketsu TIQERXETER HER Shitsuke TIQFMEWEER 4IRIVETER 7 FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIQIPMLEVEOIXIVXMFERIJMWMIRWMHERHMWMTPMRHMPSOEWMOIVNEWIOEPMKYWQIRMRKOEXER OMRIVNETIVYWELEERWIGEVEQIR]IPYVYL
Gambar 93. Penerapan 5S
7XMHEOWYPMXYRXYOHMTELEQMXETM7WERKEXWYPMXYRXYOHMPEOWEREOERHIRKERFIREV 7 QIQIVPYOER OIKMKMLER OIFYPEXER XIOEH HER QIQIVPYOER YWELE ]ERK XIVYW QIRIVYW 7 QYRKOMR XMHEO EOER QIQFIVMOER LEWMP ]ERK HVEQEXMW 2EQYR 7 QIQFYEXTIOIVNEERPIFMLQYHEL7EOERQIRKYVERKMTIQFSVSWER[EOXYOIVNEOMXE 7 EOER QIQFYEX OMXE FERKKE EXEW TIOIVNEER OMXE 7 EOER QIRMRKOEXOER TVSHYOXMJMXEW OIVNE HER QYXY ]ERK PIFML FEMO WIHMOMX HIQM WIHMOMX REQYR XIVYW QIRIVYW 1.
Seiri = Pemilahan Seiri FIVEVXM QIRKEXYV WIKEPE WIWYEXY QIQMPEL WIWYEM HIRKER EXYVER EXEY TVMRWMT XIVXIRXY 7IMVM QIQFIHEOER ERXEVE ]ERK HMTIVPYOER HIRKER ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER %QFMP OITYXYWER XIKEW YRXYO QIRIVETOER QERENIQIR WXVEXMJMOEWM YRXYOQIQFYERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERMXY 7-)2Consultant &ER]EOXISVM ]ERK QIQFELEW XIRXERK GEVE QIQMPEL TIOIVNEER -RXMR]E EHEPEL QIQFEKM
160
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
WIKEPE WIWYEXY WIWYEM YVYXER OITIRXMRKERR]E OIQYHMER WMETOER QERENIQIR FIVHEWEVOEROIPSQTSOTVMSVMXEW&YERKFEVERK]ERKOYVERKHMTIVPYOERWILMRKKE OMXE HETEX FIVOSRWIRXVEWM XIVLEHET FEVERK ]ERK FIREVFIREV TIRXMRK HER QIQIVPYOER TIVLEXMER OMXE 8IQTEX OIVNE OMXE QIQMPMOM WIXYQTYO OIVXEW OMXE WIVMRKOEPMFIVHEPMLFEL[EWYEXYLEVMOIPEOOMXEEOERQIQFYXYLOEROIVXEWOIVXEW MXY /MXE QIR]MQTER FEVERK HIRKER ERKKETER EOER FIVKYRE WIERHEMR]E HMTIVPYOER7IFIREVR]EETE]ERKLEVYWOMXEPEOYOEREHEPELQIQYXYWOERHIRKER XIKEWFEL[EOMXELEVYWQIQFIHEOERERXEVE]ERKHMTIVPYOERHIRKER]ERKXMHEO /MXE LEVYW QIRIVETOER QERENIQIR WXVEXMJMOEWM /YRGM YRXYO QIPEOYOER Seiri EHEPEL E
'IOFEVERK]ERKEHEHMEVIEQEWMRKQEWMRK
F
8IXETOEROEXIKSVMFEVERKFEVERK]ERKHMKYREOEREXEYXMHEO
G
&IVMPEFIPQMWEPR]E[EVREQIVELYRXYOFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMKYREOER
H
7METOERXIQTEXYRXYOQIR]MQTERQIQFYERKQIQYWRELOERFEVERK]ERK XMHEOHMKYREOER
I
4MRHELOER FEVERK ]ERK XIPEL HMFIVM [EVRE PEFIP OI XIQTEX ]ERK XIPEL HMXIRXYOER
Gambar 94. Penerapan Seiri
2.
Seiton = Penataan Seiton FIVEVXM QIR]MQTER FEVERK HM XIQTEX ]ERK XITEX EXEY HEPEQ XEXE PIXEO ]ERK FIREV WILMRKKE HETEX HMTIVKYREOER HEPEQ OIEHEER QIRHEHEO 4IREXEER QIVYTEOERGEVEYRXYOQIQTIVWMRKOEXEXEYQIRKLMPERKOER[EOXYYRXYOQIPEOYOER TVSWIW TIRGEVMER 4IVQEWEPELER ]ERK HMYXEQEOER HMWMRM EHEPEL QERENIQIR JYRKWMSREP HER TIRKLETYWER TVSWIW TIRGEVMER 7IKEPE WIWYEXY HMWMQTER HM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
161
XIQTEXR]E HIQM QYXY HER OIEQERER FIVEVXM OMXE QIQMPMOMXIQTEX OIVNE ]ERK VETM 4IVXEQE &EVERK]ERKXMHEOOMXETIVKYREOER!FYERK/IHYE &EVERK]ERKXMHEOOMXE KYREOER XETM MRKMR HMWMQTER WIERHEMR]E HMTIVPYOER /IXMKE &EVERK ]ERK OMXE KYREOER LER]E WI[EOXY[EOXY WENE /IIQTEX &EVERK ]ERK OEHERKOEHERK HMKYREOER/IPMQE &EVERK]ERKWIVMRKOMXEKYREOER 7-)2Consultant, 4IR]MQTERER LEVYW HMHEWEVOER TEHE WIFIVETE FER]EO ]ERK OMXE XERKERM HER WIFIVETEGITEXOMXEQIRIQYOERR]EWEEXHMTIVPYOER/MXEFYOERWENELEVYWFIVTMOMV XIRXERKIJMWMIRWMXETMNYKELEVYWFMGEVEXIRXERKQYXY NERKERWEQTEMFIVOEVEXVYWEO TIR]SOFIVYFELFIRXYOHERWIFEKEMR]E*EOXSVOIEQERERNYKELEVYWHMTIVLEXMOER 7EWEVEREOLMVTVSWIWTIQFIRELEREHEPELYRXYOQIQTIVSPILWIFER]EOQYRKOMRETE ]ERKERHEHMRKMROERHMQEREHEROETERERHEQIRKMRKMROERR]E Kata kunci untuk pelaksanaan Seiton adalah : E
6ERGERK QIXSHI TIRIQTEXER FEVERK ]ERK HMTIVPYOER WILMRKKE QYHEL HMHETEXOERWEEXHMFYXYLOER
F
8IQTEXOERFEVERKFEVERK]ERKHMTIVPYOEROIXIQTEX]ERKXIPELHMWIHMEOER
G
&IVM
PEFIPMHIRXMJMOEWM
YRXYO
QIQYHELOER
TIRKKYREER
QEYTYR
TIRKIQFEPMERR]E
Gambar 95. Penerapan Seiton
3.
Seiso = Pembersihan %VXM HEVM QIQFIVWMLOER PIFML HEVM WIOIHEV QIQFYEX FEVERK FIVWML MRM QIVYTEOER JEPWEJELHEROSQMXQIRYRXYOFIVXERKKYRKNE[EFEXEWWIKEPEEWTIOFEVERK]ERKOMXE TIVKYREOER HER YRXYO QIQEWXMOER WIQYE FEVERK WIPEPY FIVEHE HEPEQ OSRHMWM
162
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TVMQE.ERKERFIVTMOMVFEL[ETIQFIVWMLERTIOIVNEER]ERKQIPIPELOER7IFEPMOR]E OMXE LEVYW QIQERHERKR]E WIFEKEM WYEXY FIRXYO TIQIVMOWEER HER TIRGIKELER 1IRMRKOEXR]E OIGERKKMLER TVSHYO MRHYWXVM QSHIVR HIFY OSXSVER FELER EWMRK FYR]M WYEVE QIWMR ]ERK OIVEW HER QEWEPEL PEMR OIQYRKOMRER FIWEV HETEX QIRKEOMFEXOERFEVERKGEGEXQEGIXFELOEROIGIPEOEEROIVNE4IQFIVWMLEREHEPEL NE[EFERR]E 4IQFIVWMLER LEVYW HMTERHERK WIFEKEM GEVE YRXYO QIRKLMPERKOER TIR]IFEFQEWEPELWEXYHIQMWEXY7IGEVEYQYQEHEXMKEPERKOELTIQFIVWMLER]ERK LEVYWHMPEOYOERHIRKERFIREVERXEVEPEMR a.
Tingkat Makro: 1IQFIVWMLOER WIKEPE WIWYEXY HER QIRGEVM GEVE YRXYO QIRERKERM TIR]IFEF OIWIPYVYLER ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER KEQFEVER KPSFEP TIOIVNEER
b.
Tingkat Individual: 1IRERKERM WEXY XIQTEX OIVNE XIVXIRXY EXEY WEXY QIWMR XIVXIRXY
c.
Tingkat Mikro: 1IQFIVWMLOERWYOYGEHERKEPEXFERXYOIVNEXIVXIRXYTIR]IFEF OSXSVERHMGEVMHERHMTIVFEMOM
Gambar 96. Penerapan Seiso
4.
Seiketsu = Pemantapan 4IQERXETER FMWE FIVEVXM QIQIPMLEVE OIEHEER FIVWML ]ERK HEPEQ OSRXIOW 7 QIRGEOYT TIVXMQFERKER WITIVXM [EVRE FIRXYO TEOEMER HER WIFEKEMR]E ]ERK QIQFIVMOER WYEWERE FIVWML 0IFML NEYL PEKM 7IMOIXWY LEVYW HMERKKET WIFEKEM TIRKYPERKERTVSWIWTIQMPELER Seiri TIREXEER Seiton HERTIQFIVWMLER Seiso WIVXE WIFEKEM OIWEHEVER HER EOXMZMXEW XIXET YRXYO QIQEWXMOER FEL[E WMOPYW 7
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
163
HMTIPMLEVE4IQERXETERFIVEVXMQIPEOWEREOEREOXMZMXEW7HIRKERXIVEXYVWILMRKKE OIEHEER]ERKXMHEORSVQEPXEQTEO4IQFIVMEROSHI[EVREHMXIVETOERHMPMRKOYRKER OIVNE XIVYXEQE TEHE PERXEM HER HMRHMRK ]ERK HM GEX HIRKER [EVRE ]ERK XIVERK 4IQFIVMER [EVRE HMPEOYOER HIQM XIVGMTXER]E OIR]EQERER OIWIPEQEXER HER OIWIPEVEWER4I[EVREERPERXEMEHEQEGEQ]EMXY[EVREQIVELOYRMRKHERLMNEY Penjelasan tentang arti dari warna-warna tersebut adalah sebagai berikut : E
;EVRE1IVELWIFEKEM&EXEW%VIE&IVFELE]E
F
;EVRE/YRMRKWIFEKEM&EXEW%VIE/IVNE
G
;EVRE,MNEYWIFEKEM%VIE/IVNE
/MXE HETEXQIQEWXMOEROIXMHEORSVQEPERFMWEXIVPMLEXHIRKERQIPEXMLOIXIVEQTMPER YRXYOQIRGMTXEOERHERQIQIPMLEVEOSRXVSPZMWYEPHEPEQTIOIVNEEROMXEWILEVMLEVM /MXEQIQTIVKYREOERTMOMVERYRXYOQIRKMRKEXWIWYEXYHEROIPMQETERGEMRHIVEYRXYO QIPEOWEREOER TIOIVNEER XIVFEMO OMXE ,EP ]ERK TIRXMRK HMWMRM EHEPEL QIRKYFEL MRHIVE]ERKWXEXMWMRMQIRNEHMOIWEHEVER]ERKHMREQMWHERQIQFYEXR]ELMHYTYRXYO OMXE,EP]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYOQIQYHELOERTIOIVNEERWILEVMLEVMOMXEQIQIVPYOER EPEX FERXY ZMWYEP HEPEQ OSRXVSP ZMWYEP 7IFIREVR]E OMXE WYHEL QIPEOYOERR]E QMWEPR]EWMWXIQTIREQEERfolder/binderYRXYOJMPIHEXETIR]YWYRERFYOYHMVEOHER WIFEKEMR]E Prinsip-prinsip alat bantu visual adalah: E
1YHELHMPMLEXHEVMNEVEONEYL
F
4EWERKTIVEKEERTEHEFEVERK]ERKFIVWERKOYXER
G
9WELEOERWYTE]EWIXMETSVERKHETEXQIRKEXEOERETE]ERKFIREVHERETE]ERK WEPEL
H
9WELEOER WYTE]E WIXMET SVERK HETEX QIRKKYREOERR]E HIRKER QYHEL OETER WENE
I
9WELEOER WYTE]E WIXMET SVERK HETEX QIPEOYOERR]E HER QYHEL QIQFYEX OSVIOWM]ERKHMTIVPYOER
J
9WELEOERWYTE]EHIRKERQIPEOWEREOERR]EQIQFYEXXIQTEXOIVNEPIFMLXIVERK HERPIFMLXIVEXYV 7EEX OMXE QIPEOYOER LEP HMEXEW OMXE EOER QIRIQYOER FEL[E TIOIVNEER EOER NEYLPIFMLPERGEVHERLEWMPR]EPIFMLFEMO
164
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 97. Penerapan Seiketsu
5.
Shitsuke = Pembiasaan Shitsuke TIQFMEWEER EHEPEL OSQMXQIR QEWMRKQEWMRK MRHMZMHY YRXYO QIQEXYLM TIVEXYVER8MQ]ERKFEMOFIVQEMRHIRKERQIREEXMTIVEXYVER7EEXHMXIQTEXOIVNE OIXIRXEVEER QEYTYR HM PETERKER SPELVEKE EOXMZMXEW XMQ QIVYTEOER EOXMZMXEW OSSTIVEXMJ 7IXMET SVERK LEVYW FIOIVNE WEQE FIVTMOMV FIVWEQE HER FIVXMRHEO FIVWEQEYRXYOQIQFIRXYOXMQ]ERKOYEX1EOMRFER]EOTIOIVNEERWIQEOMRTIRXMRK OIVNEWEQEHMTIVPYOER,EPMRMHMWIFEFOEROEVIREOIWEPELERXIVOIGMPWIOEPMTYRHETEX FIVEOMFEXJEXEP7MWXIQ4VSWIHYVHER4IVEXYVERLEVYWOIXEXHERHMTEXYLMSPILWIPYVYL ERKKSXE XMQ 7IXMET SVERK LEVYW FIVLEXMLEXM YRXYO QIPEOYOER TIOIVNEER QEWMRK QEWMRK HIRKER FIREV 1IQERK XMHEO XIVPEPY WYPMX YRXYO QIQMPMOM OIFMEWEER YRXYO QIPEOWEREOERETE]ERKHMLEVETOER,EWMPEOLMVR]EEHEPELWIXMETSVERKFIOIVNEWEQE QIQTIVOYEXXMQHERQIQTIVOYEXTIVYWELEER'EVER]EEHEPELHIRKERQIRGMTXEOER XIQTEXOIVNE]ERKHMWMTPMRQIPEPYM E
&MEWEOER WMWXIQEXMWEWM TIVMPEOYNMOEMRKMRQIRHETEXOERLEWMP]ERKXIVFEMO
F
4IVFEMOMOSQYRMOEWMHERTIPEXMLERYRXYOQIQTIVSPILQYXY]ERKXIVNEQMR
G
%XYV WYTE]E SVERK QIRKEQFMP FEKMER WIXMET SVERK QIPEOYOER WIWYEXY OIQYHMERQIRKMTPIQIRXEWMOERR]E
H
%XYVWIKEPEWIWYEXYWILMRKKEWIXMETSVERKQIVEWEFIVXERKKYRKNE[EFEXEWETE ]ERKQIVIOEOIVNEOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
165
Gambar 98. Penerapan Shitsuke
4IRIVETER7LEVYWHMPEOWEREOERWIGEVEFIVXELETWIWYEMYVYXERR]E7EEXXELETTIVXEQE seiri XMHEOHMPEOYOERHIRKERFEMOQEOEXELETFIVMOYXR]ETYRXMHEOEOERHETEXHMNEPEROER WIGEVEQEOWMQEPHERWIXIVYWR]E4IRIVETER7FIVXYNYERYRXYOQIQIPMLEVEOIXIVXMFER IJMWMIRWM HER HMWMTPMR HM PSOEWM OIVNE WIOEPMKYW QIRMRKOEXER OMRIVNE TIVYWELEER WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL 8ISVM 7 TEHE HEWEVR]E QIVYTEOER TVSWIW TIVYFELER WMOET HIRKER QIRIVETOERTIRIVETOERTIREXEERHEROIFIVWMLERXIQTEXOIVNE ,MVS]YOM,MVERS 4VMRWMT 7 XMHEO WYPMX YRXYO HMTELEQM XETM 7 WERKEX WYPMX YRXYO HMPEOWEREOER HIRKER FIREV 7 QIQIVPYOER OIKMKMLER OIFYPEXER XIOEH HER QIQIVPYOER YWELE ]ERK XIVYW QIRIVYW7QYRKOMRXMHEOEOERQIQFIVMOERLEWMP]ERKHVEQEXMW7QIQFYEXTIOIVNEER PIFMLQYHEL7EOERQIRKYVERKMTIQFSVSWER[EOXYOIVNEOMXE7EOERQIQFYEXOMXE FERKKEEXEWTIOIVNEEROMXE7EOERQIRMRKOEXOERTVSHYOXMJMXEWOIVNEHERQYXY]ERKPIFML FEMO ,MVS]YOM,MVERS (I[EWE MRM FER]EO MRHYWXVM HM -RHSRIWME ]ERK QYPEM QIRIVETOER OSRWIT QERENIQIR HIRKER TIRHIOEXER FEVY WITIVXM JIT, TQM, TPM, QCC, ISO 9000 HER WIFEKEMR]E 4IRHIOEXER XIVWIFYX WIQYE FIVXYNYER FEMO REQYR WIFIPYQ QIRIVETOER TIRHIOEXER TIRHIOEXERXIVWIFYXWIFEMOR]EHMXEREQOERHYPYFYHE]EMRHYWXVMQIPEPYM6&YHE]E6 QIVYTEOEROYRGMWYOWIWYRXYOQIRXVERWJSVQEWMMRHYWXVMR]EQIRNEHMMRHYWXVMOIPEWHYRME 4VMRWMT 6 QIVYTEOER WIFYEL TVSWIW TIVYFELER XMRKOEL PEOY HIRKER QIRIVETOER TIREXEER HER OIFIVWMLER XIQTEX OIVNE 1IQFYHE]EOER 6 QIVYTEOER WYEXY PERKOEL ]ERKHETEXHMOEXEOERFEL[EWIWISVERKXIPELQIQFMEWEOERHMVMFIOIVNEHIRKERWXERHEV
166
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Banyak keuntungan yang diperoleh dengan penerapan 5R di antaranya adalah sebagai berikut: E
1IQMRMQEPOER XIVNEHMR]E Accident OIGIPEOEER OIVNE Breakdown KERKKYER OIVYWEOER Crisis OVMWMW Defect GEGEXEXEYWEPELOIVNE
F
1ERYWMEQIRNEHMWIQERKEXHEPEQFIOIVNE
G
3VKERMWEWMWMETQIRKMOYXMTIVYFELERWIWYEMEVELERWXVEXIKMTMQTMRER
Adapun sasaran dangan adanya penerapan 5R ini adalah utuk: E
1I[YNYHOERXIQTEXOIVNE]ERKR]EQERHERTIOIVNEER]ERKQIR]IRERKOER
F
1IPEXMLQERYWMETIOIVNE]ERKQEQTYQERHMVMQIRKIPSPETIOIVNEERR]E
G
1I[YNYHOER MRHYWXVM FIVGMXVE TSWMXMJ HM QEXE TIPERKKER XIVGIVQMR HEVM OSRHMWM XIQTEXOIVNE
/SRWIT 6 MRM WIHIVLERE REQYR QIQFYXYLOER OIWEHEVER HER OSQMXQIR YRXYO QIPEOWEREOERR]E 6 QIVYTEOER LYVYJ E[EP HEVM PMQE OEXE ]EMXY 6MRKOEW 6ETM 6IWMO 6E[EX HER 6ENMR /EXEOEXE XIVWIFYX QIRGIVQMROER YVYXER TIRIVETER HEVM TVSWIW XVERWJSVQEWM61IQYPEMTIRIVETER6TIVPYHMPEOYOERTIR]EQEERTSPETMOMVEOEREVXM TIQFSVSWER HM XIQTEX OIVNE 4IRIVETER TVSKVEQ 6 HM XIQTEX OIVNE HETEX HMTIVGITEX QIPEPYM TSPE TMOMV ]ERK WEQE 'EVE IJIOXMJ ]ERK FMEWE HMPEOYOER EHEPEL FIVWEQEWEQE OIPMPMRKEVIEOIVNEYRXYOQIPMLEXQIRGEXEXHERQIQFIVMOERWEVEREHER]ETIQFSVSWER 4IQFSVSWEREHEPELWIWYEXY]ERKXMHEOQIQFIVMRMPEMXEQFELFIVPIFMLERHEVMOIFYXYLER QMRMQYQXMHEOQIQFERXYTVSWIWWIVXEXMHEOQIRKYRXYRKOERWIGEVEQEXIVM 7IXIPEL EHE OIWEQEER TSPE TMOMV HMPEOYOER TIVWMETER EKEV HEPEQ TIRIVETERR]E XMHEO QIRIQYMOIRHEPE/IKMEXER6HMQYPEMHIRKERQIVIOEQOIEHEERWIOEVERKLEPMRMHETEX HMPEOYOERHIRKERQIRKEQFMPJSXSHMWIOIPMPMRKXIQTEXOIVNE/IKMEXERMRMHETEXHMPEOYOER HIRKER QIRKKYREOER HEJXEV TIVMOWE ]ERK HMFYEX WIFIPYQR]E HETEX QIQERHY WIXMET PERKOEL ]ERK EOER HMPEOYOER 4IQFYHE]EER 6 HMPERNYXOER WIXIPEL WIQYE TIVWMETER YRXYO QIPEOYOER 6 HMPEOWEREOER /IKMEXER MRM HME[EPM HIRKER TIRKEQFMPER KEQFEV YRXYO QIPMLEX TIREQTMPER FEVY HM XIQTEX OIVNE 4IVFIHEERR]E XIVPMLEX NIPEW FMPE TIRKEQFMPERKEQFEVHMPEOYOERHEVMXIQTEX]ERKWEQE71/WIFEKEMMRWXMXYWMTIRHMHMOER ]ERKQIRGIXEOWMW[ER]EQIRNEHMXIREKEOIVNE]ERKWMETTEOEMEXEYWMETOIVNEWIFEMOR]E QYPEM QIRIVETOER FYHE]E 6 WILMRKKE OSRHMWM ]ERK EHE HM 71/ QIRHIOEXM HIRKER OSRHMWMHMMRHYWXVM%HER]EFYHE]E6QEOETVSWIWFIPENEV]ERKEHEHM71/EOERFIVNEPER PIFMLIJIOXMJFEMOHMXMRNEYHEVMWMWM[EOXYQEYTYRFME]E ,MVS]YOM,MVERS B.
Label
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
167
1IRYVYX ,IFFMI -PQE %H^MQ FIRXYO TIRIVETER 6 ]EMXY 4IRKIRHEPMER :MWYEP 4IRKIRHEPMER :MWYEP HMPEOYOER HIRKER GEVE QIREXEQIRKYVYXOER TIVEPEXERFEVERK FIVHEWEVOER EPYV TVSWIW OIVNE HER NYKE QIREXE QIRKYVYXOER TIVEPEXERFEVERK
FIVHEWEVOER
OIWIVMRKER
TIRKKYREER
WIVXE
TIRKEXYVERTIRKIRHEPMER QERENIQIR WIGEVE ZMWYEP TIVEPEXERFEVERK HM XIQTEX OIVNE HIRKER PEFIPXERHE HIRKER QEOWYHXYNYER FEVERKTIVEPEXER PIFML GITEXQYHEL HMXIQYOER WILMRKKE XIVHETEX OIXIVEXYVER HM XIQTEX OIVNE 1ERJEEX HEVM TIRKEXYVER TIRKIRHEPMER ZMWYEP MEPEL WYTE]E SVERK EXEYTYR SVERK PEMR XEQYTIRKYRNYRK HM XIQTEX OIVNE HETEX HIRKER QYHEL QIRKIXELYM QIQELEQM WMXYEWM XIQTEXEVIE OIVNE WIGEVE PERKWYRK FELOER XERTE LEVYW QIRER]EOEROITEHETIXYKEW]ERKFIOIVNEHMXIQTEXOIVNE 4IRKIRHEPMERZMWYEPHETEXHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIQFIVMXERHEREQEPEFIPTEHEPERXEM OIVNETEHETIVEPEXERTEHEPEGMVEOOSXEOTIR]MQTERERHWF4IRIVETERR]EHIRKER QIREQFELOERWMWXIQOSHI[EVREHEPEQQIRKSVKERMWMVXERHEREQEPEFIPXIQTEX OIVNE'SRXSLPEFIPHEROSHI[EVREWIFEKEMTIRKEXYVER TIRKIRHEPMER ZMWYEPHEPEQ QIRKSVKERMWMVXIQTEXOIVNEQIRYVYX,IFFMI-PQE%H^MQ 1. Label Di Tempat Kerja Tabel 15. Label Di Tempat Kerja
LABEL
KETERANGAN &EXEW%VIE/IVNE &EXEW6YERKER/IVNE
&EXEW.EPYV0EPY0MRXEW 4VSHYO.EHM 7EVERE9QYQ
&EVERK&ELER&EOY 7EVERE4/ 7EVERE/IWIPEQEXER
7EVERE(EVYVEX )ZEOYEWM .EPYV4INEPER/EOM &EVERK&ELER]ERKEOERHMTVSWIW
&EVERK&ELER-RWTIOWM5'
168
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4VSHYO&ELER(MXSPEO Reject 7MWE4IOIVNEER]ERKXMHEOXIVTEOEM 8ERHE&IVLIRXM
6EO0IQEVM 1INE 4IVPIRKOETER4IVEPEXER1IWMR
%VIEXIVFEXEWYRXYOXYNYERSTIVEWMSREP
1IWMR%PEX&IVFELE]E %VIEXIVFEXEWYRXYOOIWIPEQEXER 7EVERE(EVYVEX/IFEOEVER
>SRE1IRKERHYRK&ELE]E
2. Label (Tanda) Kode Warna Perpipaan 0EFIP XERHE HER/SHI;EVRE4IVTMTEERWIGEVEYQYQQIVYNYOTEHEWXERHEV %27- % American National Standards Institute HMQERE XIVHETEX IREQ OSHI[EVREHERPEFIP XERHE TIVTMTEER]ERKHMEXYVWIFEKEMQEREXEFIP HMFE[ELFIVMOYX Tabel 16. Label (Tanda) Kode Warna Perpipaan
LABEL
KETERANGAN %MV]ERKHETEXHMQMRYQ %MV&SMPIV %MV4IRHMRKMR %MV0EMRR]E
+EW&IVXIOERER
4MTE4IQEHEQ/IFEOEVER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
169
&ELER1YHEL8IVFEOEV
&ELER1YHEL1IR]EPE &ELER &EOEV
&ELER&IVEGYR &ELER/SVSWMJ
Gambar 99. Pemasangan Label dan Kode Warna Pada Sambungan Pipa
0EFIP XERHE LEVYWQYHELHMPMLEXXIVHETEXHMWIXMETFIPSOERTMTEWEQFYRKERTMTE NYKE TMTE ]ERK QIPI[EXM HMRHMRK WIVXE TIRIQTEXER PEFIP XERHE HMTEWERK WIXMET MRXIVZEPQIXIVQIXIV 3. Label Kemasan Bahan (Material) Berbahaya 0EFIP 7MQFSP /IQEWER &ELER 1EXIVMEP &IVFELE]E& &ELER &IVEGYR HER &IVFELE]E WIGEVEYQYQQIVYNYOTEHEGlobally Harmonized System - United Nations +,7 ]ERKHMXIVFMXOERSPIL4&& 4IVWIVMOEXER&ERKWE&ERKWE 0EFIPHMTEWERKTIV WEXYER
170
OIQEWER
FELER
FIVFELE]E
EXEYTYR
TEOIX
OIQEWER
FELER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QEXIVMEP FIVFELE]E 8IVHETEX WIQFMPER /PEWMJMOEWM &ELER 1EXIVMEP &IVFELE]E& &IVEGYRHER&IVFELE]E ERXEVEPEMR
Gambar 100. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Berbahaya Bagi Lingkungan
Gambar 101. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Beracun
Gambar 102. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Mudah Meledak
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
171
Gambar 103. Simbol Kemasan bahan Mudah Menyala (Terbakar)
Gambar 104. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Oksidator
Gambar 105. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Berbahaya Bagi Pernafasan
Gambar 106. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Penyebab Iritasi (Irritant)
172
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Gambar 107. Simbol Kemasan Tabung Gas Bertekanan
Gambar 108. Simbol Kemasan Bahan Korosif
Gambar 109. Contoh Pemasangan Label Pada Kemasan
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
173
4. Label Transportasi Bahan (Material) Berbahaya/B3 0EFIP 8VERWTSVXEWM &ELER1EXIVMEP &IVFELE]E WIGEVE YQYQ QIVYNYO TEHE U.S Department of Transportation EXEY(ITEVXIQIRX8VERWTSVXEWM%QIVMOE 7IVMOEX0EFIP TPEOEX WIGEVE YQYQ HMTEWERK TEHE OIRHEVEER TIRKERKOYX NYKE TEHE OIQEWER TEOIXFEMOMXYXVERWTSVXEWMHEVEXYHEVEHERPEYXEXEYTYRXVERWTSVXEWMOLYWYWPEMRR]E 7IGEVEYQYQXIVHETEX /PEWMJMOEWM&ELER 1EXIVMEP &IVFELE]E& &ELER&IVEGYR HER&IVFELE]E ERXEVEPEMR Tabel 17. Klasifikasi Plakat Bahan (Material) Berbahaya/B3
/IPEW
Plakat
/IPEW–1YHEL1IPIHEO –&ELE]E4IPIHEOER&IWEV 7IPYVYL1YEXER –&ELE]E7IVTMLER0IHEOER &ELE]E%TM0IHEOER &ELE]E0IHEOER6MRKER 7IRWMXMZMXEW0IHEOER/IGMP 7IRWMXMZMXEW0IHEOER7ERKEX/IGMP
174
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
/IPEW–+EW –+EW1YHEL8IVFEOEV –+EW&IVXIOERER 8MHEO1YHEL8IVFEOEV –+EW&IVEGYR –+EW/SVSWMJ ,ER]EHM/EREHE
/IPEW–'EMVER9ET1YHEL8IVFEOEV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
175
/IPEW–4EHEXER1YHEL8IVFEOEV –4EHEXER1YHEL8IVFEOEV –7TSRXER1YHEL8IVFEOEV –&IVFELE]E.MOE8IVOIRE%MV
/IPEW–3OWMHEXSV –3OWMHEXSV –3OWMHEXSV3VKERMO
176
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
/IPEW–&IVEGYR –&ELER&IVEGYR –1IR]IFEFOER-RJIOWM
/IPEW–6EHMSEOXMJ
/IPEW –/SVSWMJ
/IPEW –&ELE]E0EMR &ELERFIVFELE]E]ERKXMHEOXIVQEWYOOEXIKSVMHMEXEW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
177
8VERWTSVXEWMHIRKERQYEXERPIFMLHEVMHYEOEVEOXIV FELE]ETEHEWEXYQYEXERXVERWTSVXEWMHIRKERFIWEVER QYEXER]ERKLEQTMVWEQEFIWEV
5.
Rambu Bahaya K3 (Safety Sign)
178
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
179
180
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
C.
Pentingnya 5R Dalam Suatu Lembaga 7EWEVER HEVM TIRIVETER 6 MXY WIRHMVM EHEPEL QI[YNYHOER XIQTEX OIVNE ]ERK R]EQERHERTIOIVNEER]ERK QIR]IRERKOERQIPEXMLQERYWMETIOIVNE]ERK QEQTY QERHMVM QIRKIPSPE TIOIVNEERR]E QI[YNYHOER PIQFEKE FIVGMXVE TSWMXMJ HM QEXE QEW]EVEOEX XIVGIVQMR HEVM OSRHMWM XIQTEX OIVNE 7IPEMR MXY LEP YXEQE ]ERK EOER HMGETEM EHEPEL XMQFYPR]E TVSHYOXMZMXEW FEKM MRWXERWM MXY WIRHMVM 4IRIVETER 6 HETEX QIRKIPMQMREWMWIKEPEQEGEQFIRXYOTIQFSVSWERTIQFSVSWERMXYEHEPELWIKEPE WIWYEXY ]ERK XMHEO QIQFIVMOER RMPEM XEQFEL FIVPIFMLER HEVM OIFYXYLER QMRMQYQ XMHEO QIQFERXY WYEXY TVSWIW XMHEO QIRKYRXYRKOER WIGEVE QEXIVM 6 EOER QIQFIVMOERHEQTEOFIWEVTEHEMRWXMXYWMWITIVXM 1IRGMTXEOERXIQTEXOIVNEXIVFEMOHIRKERTVMRWMTTIVFEMOERFIVOIWMREQFYRKER 4IRMRKOEXERMQEKIMRWXERWM 3. 4IRMRKOEXERsense of belonging )JMWMIRWMHERQIRKYVERKMwaste 1IRKKYKELXERKKYRKNE[EFWIXMETSVERKHMXIQTEXOIVNE 4IRIVETER6LEVYWHMPEOYOERWIGEVEWMWXIQEXMWOEVIRETEHEMRXMR]E6FYOERPEL WYEXYWXERHEVXIXETMPIFMLOIEVELTIQFIRXYOERFYHE]EWIPYVYLTIKE[EMHMOERXSV 4IPEOWEREER6HMOERXSVHERPETERKERQIRKKYREOERXELETERWMOETOIVNE (-4%/7% 1ERYWMETEHEHEWEVR]EQEPEW 8)64%/7% /IRHEPMHIRKERWMWXIQ &-7% 4VSWIWTIQFIPENEVERWEQTEM8ELY &-%7% 7MOET]ERKXIVQSXMZEWM &9(%=% 4IVMPEOY]ERKQIRKEVELTEHEFIPMIJ
D.
Metode 5R (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu dan Shitsuke) 0MRKOYRKER EXEY XIQTEX OIVNE ]ERK FIVQYXY HETEX QIRKYVERKM TSXIRWM XIVNEHMR]E FIRGEREWITIVXMOIWYPMXER QIRGEVMHSOYQIRTIRXMRK GIHIVEOEVIREXIVWERHYRK HER WIFEKEMR]E &IRGERE XIVWIFYX FMWE HMEOMFEXOER SPIL OIXMHEOVETMER HER OIXMHEOXIVSVKERMWMVER FEVERKFEVERK HM XIQTEX OIVNE 7EPEL WEXY QIXSHI YRXYO QIRGIKEL LEPLEP XIVWIFYX EHEPEL QIXSHI 6 6 OITERNERKER HEVM VMRKOEW VETM VIWMOVE[EXHERVENMR]ERKQIVYTEOERXIVNIQELERFELEWE.ITERK]EMXYWIMVMWIMXSR WIMWS WIMOIXWY HER WLMXWYOI 7 76 ]EMXY KIVEOER ]ERK HMFYHE]EOER HEPEQ
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
181
WYEXY TIVYWELEER MRHYWXVM EXEY TEHE FMHERK PEMR WITIVXM OERXSVWIOSPEL FIRKOIP HER XIQTEXXIQTEX PEMR 4IVYWELEER WIFIPYQ QIRIVETOER OSRWITOSRWIT QERENIQIR WIFEMOR]E TIVPY HMXEREQOER HELYPY FYHE]E 6 TEHE TIVYWELEER XIVWIFYX -QEM QIRYXYVOER FEL[E OIPMQE FYXMV 6 QIVYTEOER OIKMEXER E[EPHEVMTIVYWELEERWYTE]EHETEXHMOIREPSPILOSRWYQIRHERHMTERHERKQIRNEHM TIVYWELEER ]ERK FIVTSXIRWM 1IRYVYX /YWQEV]ERM PIQFEKE TIRHMHMOER QIQIVPYOER 7 YRXYO QIRMEHEOER EXEY QIRKYVERKM TIQFSVSWER QIRKYVERKM OIWEPELERHERQIQFYEXTVSWIWFIVNEPERHIRKERPERGEV +IVEOER5S6FIVXYNYERYRXYOTIREXEERTIQIPMLEVEERFIRXYOYTE]ETIRKIREPER TIRKSVKERMWEWMER PMRKOYRKER XIQTEX OIVNE HER OIVYQELXERKKEER FEMO HEPEQ PMRKOYT TEFVMO EXEY OERXSV 8EVKIX YXEQE OIKMEXER MRM QIRMXMOFIVEXOER TEHE TIQFIRXYOERWMOETOIVNE]ERKFEMO%PLEWMPTVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNEQIRMRKOEXHMWIVXEM TIVYFELERQYXYYRXYONERKOETERNERK6QIVYTEOERFYHE]EXIRXERKFEKEMQERE WIWISVERKQIQTIVPEOYOERXIQTEXOIVNER]EWIGEVEFIREV8IQTEXOIVNE]ERKXIVXEXE VETMFIVWMLXIVXMFQIQYHELOERSVERKHEPEQFIOIVNE/IQYHELERFIOIVNEMRMIQTEX FMHERK WEWEVER TSOSO MRHYWXVM FIVYTE IJMWMIRWM OIVNE TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIVNE OYEPMXEW OIVNE HER OIWIPEQEXER OINE ]ERK HETEX PIFML QYHEL HMTIRYLM 4IQIRYLER IQTEX FMHERKWEWEVERTSOSOMRMQIVYTEOERW]EVEXFEKMTIVOIQFERKERMRHYWXVM Manfaat 5S/5R, antara lain: 1. 1IQMRMQEPMWMV XIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEER OIVNE accident) KERKKYER OIVYWEOER (breakdown OVMWMW crisis HERWEPELOIVNE defect). 2. 7YEWEREVETMQIRMQFYPOERVEWEWIQERKEXHEPEQFIOIVNE 3. 3VKERMWEWMEOERWMETQIRKMOYXMTIVYFELERWIWYEMEVELERWXVEXIKMTMQTMRER Sasaran dari penerapan 5S/5R adalah untuk: 1. 1I[YNYHOEROSRHMWMVYERKOIVNE]ERKR]EQER 2. 1IPEXMLOIQERHMVMERTIOIVNE 3. 1IRGMTXEOERGMXVETSWMXMJTIVYWELEEREXEYMRHYWXVMHMQEXEOSRWYQIR )JMWMIRWM OIVNE HEPEQ QIRKLEWMPOER FEVERK HER NEWE XMHEO LER]E HMYOYV TEHE TIRKLIQEXERFIRHEJMWMOWENEXIXETM]ERKPIFMLTIRXMRKEHEPELWYQFIVHE]E[EOXY 7YQFIVHE]E [EOXY XMHEOHETEXHMWMQTEREXEYHMTMRHELOERNEHM[EOXYOIVNELEVYW HMQERJEEXOER WIFEMO QYRKOMR HER TIQFSVSWERR]E HMLETYWOER -RHYWXVM XEO EOER
182
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
FIVLEWMP XERTE TIRKIPSPEER [EOXY 4IRKIVXMER TIRKIPSPEER WYQFIV HE]E [EOXY FYOER LER]E HMEVXMOER WIGEVE WIQTMX WITIVXM NEQ LEHMV ]ERK XITEX EXEY QIPEVERK TIRKKYREER [EOXY OIVNE YRXYO OITIRXMRKER TVMFEHM 6IRHELR]E IJMWMIRWM HER TIQFSVSWERXIVNEHMOEVIRE [EOXYOIVNE ]ERK HMKYREOERLER]E YRXYOQIQTIVFEMOM OIWEPELEREXEYQIRGEVMEPEXOIVNEEXEYHSOYQIR]ERKLMPERKXIVWIPMTHERXIVGEQTYV 4IRIVETER 6 HME[EPM HIRKER QIRNEKE FEVERK ]ERK HMTIVPYOER HER QIQMWELOER FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER 7IPERNYXR]E QIPEOWEREOER TVSWIW VETM ]EMXY QIRKIREM WIFIVETE GITEX OMXE QIPIXEOOER FEVERK HER QIRHETEXOERR]E OIQFEPM TEHE WEEX HMTIVPYOER HIRKER QYHEL 4VSWIW FIVMOYXR]E WIXMET SVERK LEVYW QIQFMEWEOER QIPEOWEREOER OIFIVWMLER /IKMEXER WILEVMLEVM ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER VMRKOEW VETM HER VIWMO LEVYW HMWXERHEVMWEWM 1IRIVETOER OIQEQTYER QIPEOYOERWIWYEXYWIWYEMHIRKERGEVE]ERKWILEVYWR]E]EMXYHMWMTPMR4IR]EQEER TSPE TMOMV EHEPEL WIWYEXY ]ERK urgent HEPEQ TIRIVETER 6 EKEV XMHEO QIRIQYM OIRHEPE&IVMOYXMRMKEQFEVFEKEROIVERKOETIQMOMVERHERPERKOELTIRIVETER6
- Peningkatan Mutu - Efektivitas -
Instansi
Operasional Institusi
- Pengurangan Resiko Bencana
Manajemen Mutu
Pengendalian Mutu
5R Ringka s
Rapi
Resik
Rawat
Rajin
Gambar 110. Bagan Kerangka Pemikiran
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
183
6 EHEPEL XIORMO YRXYO QIRNEKE QYXY PMRKOYRKER HEPEQ WIFYEL MRWXMXYWM HIRKER GEVE QIRKIQFERKOER OIXIVSVKERMWMVERR]E ]EMXY PERKOEL ]ERK HMOIVNEOER WIGEVEFIVYVYXERHERHETEXHMPEOYOERHMQERETYR 1IQYPEM8MRHEOER 4IRIQYERHEROIXEONYFERQIRKYFELTIVWITWM 1IRKYFELPMRKOYRKERXIQTEXOIVNEHERJEWMPMXEWR]E 1IRKYFEL1ERYWMER]E
Gambar 111. Langkah Penerapan 5R
E.
Prinsip-prinsip Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin (5R) 1.
Ringkas 6MRKOEWQIVYTEOERTVMRWMTHEWEV6]ERKTIVXEQE4VMRWMTOIVNEMRMQIVYTEOER TVMRWMTOIVNETIQMPELERFEVERK7IVMRKOEPMOMXENYQTEMWYEXYPMRKOYRKEROIVNE HIRKER OSRHMWM FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO XIVXEXE VETM HER XIVOIWER WIQVE[YX *EWI TIVXEQEMRMOMXELEVYWQIQMPELERXEVEFEVERK]ERKQEWMLHMKYREOERHER]ERK XMHEO ]EMXY ERXEVE FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO PE]EO TEOEMreject HER ]ERK WMET TEOEM &EVERKFEVERK XIVWIFYX LEVYW HMTMPEL WIWYEM HIRKER XIQTEXR]E QEWMRK QEWMRKEKEVWYEWEREOIVNEQIRNEHMPIFMLVMRKOEW Beberapa hal yang menjadi pertimbangan dalam meringkas: E *VIOYIRWMTIRKKYREERFEVERK NEVERKWIVMRKWIPEPY F *YRKWMOIVNEFEVERK VYWEOTIVPYTIVFEMOERFEKYW Keuntungan dari fase yang pertama: E %VIEOIVNEQIRNEHMPIFMLPYEWHERFER]EOspace]ERKFMWEHMQERJEEXOER F 1IRGIKELHMWJYRKWMSREPHEVMFEVERK]ERKEHE G 1IRKYVERKMNYQPELTIRKKYREERQIHMETIR]MQTERERHERQEXIVMEPhandling tools 1MWEPR]E FEVERK ]ERK XEHMR]E PIXEOR]E FIVNEYLER OEVIRE WYHEL HMVMRKOEWQIRNEHMPIFMLHIOEXHERQIRKYVERKMNEVEOXIQTYL
184
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
6MRKOEW ]ERK HEPEQ FELEWE NITERK HMWIFYX HIRKER Seiri EXEY QIQFIVIWOER EXEY QIRKEXYV HIRKER QIQMWELOER FEVERK ]ERK TIVPY HER XMHEO TIVPY HER QIR]MRKOMVOER ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER PEKM 1IRYVYX 1EWEEOM -QEM PERKOELseiri]EMXY E /IVNEHEPEQTVSWIW F %PEX]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER G 1IWMR]ERKXMHEOHMTEOEM H 4VSHYOGEGEX I 7YVEXHERHSOYQIR Menurut Hiroyuki Hirano (1995:13-23) proses dalam ringkas yaitu: E 1IRIQYOERFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER F 7XVEXIKM PEFIP QIVEL YRXYO FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMKYREOER 7XVEXIKM PEFIP QIVELTIVPYHMPEOYOERFIFIVETETVSWIHYV]EMXY
8ELETTIVQYPEERHIRKERQIQMWELOERFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMKYREOER
1IQFIHEOERFEVERKHIRKERPEFIPQIVEL
1IRIRXYOERWXERHEVPEFIPQIVEL
4IQFYEXERPEFIPQIVELWYTE]EXIVPMLEXNIPEWHIRKEROIVXEWFIV[EVRE QIVELTIVIOEXFIV[EVREQIVELPEFIPHMXYXYTHIRKERTPEWXMOFIRMRK HERWIOIPMPMRKR]EHMXYXYTHIRKERWIKIPFIV[EVREQIVEL
1IRIQTIPOERPEFIPQIVELHIRKERXIKEWNYQPELPEFIPQIRYRNYOOER NYQPELIJMWMIRWMTIQIVMOWEERFYOEROIKEKEPERTIQIVMOWEER
1IRERKERM FEVERK HIRKER PEFIP QIVEL HER IZEPYEWM HIRKER QIQMRHELOER FEVERK EXEY QIRKIPYEVOER FEVERK ]ERK HETEX QIRKLEPERKMTVSWIW6
2.
Rapi 6ETMQIVYTEOERJEWIOIHYEHEPEQTVMRWMT6*EWIMRMOIPERNYXERHEVMJEWI]ERK TIVXEQE &EVERKFEVERK ]ERK HMVMRKOEW HMVETMOER WIWYEM HIRKER XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER HER NYKE WXERHEV TIR]MQTERERR]E 4VSWIW QIVETMOER MRM HETEX HMOIVNEOERWIWYEMHIRKERWXERHEVHERQIXSHITIR]MQTERERR]E1MWEPOERFEVERK HMWMQTER FIVHEWEVOER QEXIVMEPR]E QEOE FEVERKFEVERK XIVWIFYX NYKE LEVYW HMVETMOERWIWYEMHIRKERNIRMWQEXIVMEPR]E Manfaat yang diperoleh dari prinsip yang kedua ini adalah:
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
185
E 1IQTIVQYHEL TIRGEVMER FEVERK OEVIRE FEVERKFEVERK WYHEL XIVPIXEO TEHE XIQTEXR]E F 1IQTIVQYHEL stock counting OEVIRE FEVERKFEVERK WYHEL HMVETMOER WIWYEM HIRKERWXERHEVTIR]MQTERER G /SRHMWMOIVNEEOERXIVPMLEXPIFMLVETMHERWIHETHMTERHERKQEXE 1IRYVYX 1EWEEOM -QEM &EVERK LEVYW HMWMQTER HIRKER XIVEXYV WILMRKKEWMETTEOEMFMPEHMTIVPYOERSeitonHEPEQ&ELEWE-RHSRIWMEFIVEVXMVETM NEHM HETEX HMWMQTYPOER ]EMXY QIR]MQTER FEVERK HIRKER XIVEXYV HER TEHE XIQTEXR]E YRXYO QIQTIVQYHEL HEPEQ QIRGEVM FEVERK EOER HMKYREOER 1IRYVYX ,MVS]YOM ,MVERS VETM QIPMTYXM TVSWIW QIQFIVWMLOER WIFIPYQVETMQIQFYEXHIRELTIR]MQTERERWXVEXIKMTIRKIGEXERQIRKEQFEV KEVMW PERXEM KEVMW TIQMWEL TETER TIXYRNYO EXEY WXVEXIKM TIPEFIPER XMKE OEXE OYRGM YRXYO QIVETMOER QIVYFEL XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER HEVM XIVXYXYT QIRNEHM XIVFYOEHERTIRKEXYVERFIVHEWEVOERJYRKWM 3.
Resik Seiso ]ERK HEPEQ &ELEWE -RHSRIWME FIVEVXM FIVWML EXEY QIQFIVWMLOER -QEM 1EWEEOM QIRNIPEWOERFEL[EseisoEHEPELTIQIPMLEVEERXIQTEXOIVNE WYTE]EXIXETFIVWML/IWMQTYPERR]EWIMWSQIVYTEOERKIVEOERQIRNEKEHIRKER GEVE QIQFIVWMLOER XIQTEX OIVNE WYTE]E XIXET HEPEQ OIEHEER FIVWML Resik EHEPEL 6 ]ERK OIXMKE ]ERK NYKE OIPERNYXER HEVM 6 WIFIPYQR]E 7IWYEM HIRKER REQER]E VIWMO FIVEVXM QIQFIVWMLOER &EMO FEVERK QEYTYR PMRKOYRKER 'SRXSL OIEHEER]ERKHMWIFYXWIFEKEMVIWMOERXEVEPEMR E 8MHEOEHENEVMRKPEFEPEFEHMVYERKEROIVNE F 8MHEOEHEGSVIXER]ERKXMHEOTIVPYHMTMRXYLERHTEPPIXEXEYVEO G 4IVEPEXERHMOERXSVXMHEOFIVEHEHEPEQOSRHMWMOSXSVXIVYXEQEEOMFEXSPMQIWMR EXEYHIFY Keuntungan yang diperoleh melalui R yang ketiga ini adalah: E 0MRKOYRKEROIVNEQIRNEHMPIFMLFIVWML F 1IRMRKOEXOERmoodYRXYOFIOIVNEOEVIREPMRKOYRKERPIFMLFIVWML G /YEPMXEWFEVERKEOERPIFMLFEKYWOEVIREXMHEOOSXSV H 1IRMRKOEXOERMQEKIMRWXERWMHMQEXESVERKPEMR
186
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4.
Rawat RawatEHEPELQIXSHI]ERKOIIQTEXHEPEQ66E[EXHMQEOWYHOEREKEVQEWMRK QEWMRK MRHMZMHY HETEX QIRIVETOER WIGEVE OSRXMR]Y OIXMKE TVMRWMT WIFIPYQR]E 4IPEOWEREERJEWIVE[EXMRMEOERQIQFYEXPMRKOYRKERWIPEPYXIVNEKEHEPEQOSRHMWM 6WIGEVEXIVYWQIRIVYWSeiketsuHEPEQFELEWEMRHSRIWMEFIVEVXMVE[EXQIRYVYX -QEM1EWEEOM WIMOIXWYFIVEVXMOIFIVWMLERTVMFEHM]ERKHETEXHMEVXMOER PEMR ]EMXY QIQFYEX EXEY QIRNEHMOER OIFMEWEER ]ERK FIVWML HER VETM HIRKER QIQYPEMR]EHEVMHMVMWIRHMVM6E[EXQIVYTEOERXMRHEOERYRXYOQIQTIVXELEROER WIWYEXY ]ERK WYHEL FEMO OEVIRE MXY HMTIVPYOER TIQIPMLEVEER WIGEVE XIVYW QIRIVYW
5.
Rajin Shitsuke &ELEWE -RHSRIWME FIVEVXM VENMR 1IRYVYX -QEM 1EWEEOM Shitsuke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luar dengan Bahasa Inggris. Istilah “Kampanye 5C” sering HMKYREOERSPILTIVYWELEERFEVEX%VXMHERQEORE]ERKXIVOERHYRKHEPEQ7WEQE 'WITIVXM]ERKXIPELHMNIPEWOERSPIL-QEM 61) mengenai “Kampanye 5S” ]ERKWIVMRKHMKYREOERHM%QIVMOE]EMXY a.
Sort (memilah)
1IQMPEL EXEY QIQMWELOER FEVERK ]ERK WYHEL XMHEO HMTIVPYOER ]ERK OIQYHMERWIKIVEHMWMRKOMVOER
b.
Straighten (meluruskan)
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
187
1IPIXEOERFEVERKHIRKERXIVEXYVYRXYOQIQTIVQYHELTIRKEQFMPER
c.
Scrub (gosok)
1IQFIVWMLOERWIGEVEOIWIPYVYLER]ERKQIPMTYXMWIQYETIVEPEXER]ERKEHE QIWMRHERXIQTEXOIVNE1IQFYERKWEQTELHERPMQFELQIRKYREOERGEVE ]ERKXITEX
d.
Systematize (sistematisasi)
1IQFYEXVYXMROIKMEXERQIQFIVWMLOERHERQIQIVMOWETIVEPEXERQIWMRHER XIQTEXOIVNE
e.
Standardize (standarisasi)
1IQFEOYOERIQTEXTVSWIWWIFIPYQR]EHERQIRNEHMOERTVSWIWWIFIPYQR]E QIRNEHMOIKMEXER]ERKFIVOIWMREQFYRKER
-QEM NYKa menjabarkan mengenai “Kampanye 5C” yang sering dipakai di negara RIKEVE)VSTE]EMXY a.
Clear out (singkirkan)
1IRIRXYOERETE]ERKTIVPYHMWMRKOMVOERHERHMFYERKHERWIKIVEWMRKOMVOER ]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER
b.
Configure (susun)
1IR]IHMEOERXIQTEX]ERKWIWYEMYRXYOWIQYEFEVERKEKEVQYHELHMEXYV
c.
Clean and Check (Bersihkan dan periksa)
1IQIVMOWEHERQIQTIVFEMOMXIQTEXOIVNEOIQYHMERQIQFIVWMLOERR]E
d.
Conform (pastikan)
1IRIXETOERWXERHEVHERQIQEXYLMWXERHEV]ERKEHE
e.
Costum and practice (kebiasaan dan praktek) 1IPEOYOERTIQIPMLEVEERVYXMRHERQIPEOYOERTIVFEMOERPIFMLPERNYX
F.
Langkah-langkah Penerapan Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat dan Rajin (5R) 4IRHIOEXER 6 HMFEKM QIRNEHM PERKOEL ]EMXY TIVWMETER TIQFYHE]EER HER
TIRGIKELER 1.
Persiapan 0ERKOELTIVXEQEHEPEQQIRIVETOERQIXSHI6MRKOEW6ETM6IWMO6E[EXHER 6ENMR 6 EHEPEL TIVWMETER HIRKER QIVIOEQ OIEHEER WIOEVERK 4SWMWM TIRKEQFMPERJSXS]ERKWYHELHMXIRXYOERHIRKERNIPEWEOERQIQFIVMOERLEWMP ]ERKFEMOHEPEQQIRHETEXOERJSXSWIFIPYQHERWIWYHELHMPEOWEREOER6 a. Persiapan Proses Ringkas
188
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4VSWIW MRM HMPEOYOER HIRKER QIQFYERK FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HM HMTIVPYOER EVXMR]EFEVERKXIVWIFYXXMHEOHMFYXYLOERYRXYOWEEXMRM b. Persiapan Proses Rapi 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIQFIRELMXIQTEXTIR]MQTERERLEPTIVXEQE ]ERKHMFYXYLOEREHEPELFIFIVETETIOIVNEERHIRKERQIQEOEMWETYHERPET YRXYOQIRKLMPERKOEROSXSVER c. Persiapan Proses Resik 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIRKEXYVTVSWIHYVOIFIVWMLERLEVMER8YNYER HEVM VIWMO EHEPEL YRXYO QIRKLMPERKOER WIQYE HIFY HER OSXSVER HER QIRNEKEXIQTEXOIVNEWIPEPYFIVWML d. Persiapan Proses Rawat 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOWEREOERHIRKERQIQTIVXELEROERXIQTEXOIVNE]ERKVIWMO 8IQTEXOIVNEHETEXWIPEPYHMNEKE6IWMOHER6ETMFMPEWIXMETSVERKQIQMPMOM OIQEYER YRXYO FIVTEVXMWMTEWM /YRGM HEPEQ TVSWIW MRM EHEPEL HIRKER QIRKMRKEXTVMRWMT]EMXY 8MHEOEHEFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER 8MHEOFIVWIVEOER 8MHEOOSXSV e. Persiapan Proses Rajin 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOYEOERHIRKERTIRKIRHEPEMERZMWYEPHMXIQTEXOIVNE8IQTEX OIVNE ]ERK WILEX QIVYTEOER XIQTEX ]ERK WIPEPY XIVFYOE FEKM OVMXMO ]ERK QIQFERKYR1IQFIVMHERQIRIVMQEOVMXMO]ERKQIQFERKYREHEPELWYEXY HEWEVHEVMPERKOEL6ENMR-HIEPR]EEHEPELQIRGMTXEOERXIQTEXOIVNEHMQERE QEWEPEL HETEX PERKWYRK HMOIREPM WILMRKKE XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER HETEX HMEQFMP 2.
Pembudayaan 0ERKOELOIHYEHEPEQQIRIVETOERQIXSHI6MRKOEW6ETM6IWMO6E[EXHER 6ENMR 6 EHEPELHIRKERQIPEOYOERTIQFYHE]EER6
a. Pembudayaan Ringkas 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIRKIRHEPMOERXMRKOEXTIVWIHMEERFEVERK%TEFMPE XMRKOEX TIVWIHMEER FEVERK QEOWMQYQ HER QMRMQYQ XIPEL HMXIXETOER QEOE TIVWIHMEERFEVERKHETEXHMOIRHEPMOERHIRKERPIFMLXITEX b. Pembudayaan Rapi
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
189
4VSWIWMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIQYHELOERTIRKKYREERHERTIRKIQFEPMERFEVERK WILMRKKEHETEXPERKWYRKQIRKIXELYMFMPEEHEEVWMT]ERKXMHEOTEHEXIQTEXR]E c. Pembudayaan Resik 4VSWIWMRMHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIQFYHE]EOEROIFIVWMLERHERTIQIVMOWEER4EHE YQYQR]E XMHEO EHE[EOXYYRXYOQIPEOYOERTIQIVMOWEERWIGEVEXIVTMWELHEVM 6IWMO WILEVMLEVM WILMRKKE OYRGMR]E EHEPEL QIRNEHMOER TIQIVMOWEER WIFEKEM FEKMERHEVM6IWMOWILEVMLEVM d. Pembudayaan Rawat 4VSWIWMRMQIVYTEOEROIKMEXERYRXYOQIQTIVXELEROERXIQTEXOIVNE]ERK6IWMO &IVFEKEM FEVERK HM XIQTEX OIVNE FYOERPEL WYEXY FIFER REQYR WIFEPMOR]E HIRKER FIVFEKEM FEVERK XIVWIFYX HETEX HMXIRXYOER WXERHEV YRXYO QIQFYERK FEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER e. Pembudayaan Rajin 4VSWIW MRM FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIQTIVXELEROER 6E[EX HM XIQTEX OIVNE 4EHE YQYQR]EHMERXEVETYGYOTMQTMRERHMWIXMETPIQFEKEXIVHETEXWIWISVERK]ERK OIXEXHERFEMOHEPEQQIQTIVXELEROER6ENMR 3. Pencegahan 0ERKOELOIXMKEHEPEQQIRIVETOERQIXSHI6MRKOEW6ETM6IWMO6E[EXHER6ENMR 6 EHEPELHIRKERQIRIVETOER6XMRKOEXPERNYX 64IRGIKELER a. Tingkat Lanjut Proses Ringkas 4VSWIW MRM FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRGIKEL EHER]E FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER 1IPEOYOER6MRKOEWWIXIPELFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERQYRGYPEHEPELTIRXMRK XIXETMPIFMLFEMOYRXYOQIQEWXMOERFEL[EFEVERKXIVWIFYXXMHEOQYRGYPWEQE WIOEPM b. Tingkat Lanjut Proses Rapi 4VSWIW MRM FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRGIKEL OIXMHEOVETMER WILMRKKE ETEFMPE FEVERK EXEYTIVEPEXERXIPELHMKYREOERQEOEHETEXHMOIQFEPMOEROIXIQTEXWIQYPEHER QIRGSFE QIVETMOERR]E HIRKER FEMO 6ETM XIVHMVM HEVM LEP ]EMXY QIRIQYOER FEVERKQIRKEQFMPHERQIRKIQFEPMOER c. Tingkat Lanjut Proses Resik 4VSWIW MRM QIVYTEOER OIKMEXER QIQFIVWMLOER XERTE QIRKSXSVM PEKM 1IQFIVWMLOERFMPEWIWYEXYQIRNEHMOSXSVEHEPELLEP]ERKTIRXMRKXEXETMQIXSHI MRMQIRKENEVOERYRXYOQIRGIKELQYRGYPR]EOIQFEPMOSXSVER
190
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
d. Tingkat Lanjut Proses Rawat 4VSWIWMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRGIKELTIRYVYREROSRHMWMPMRKOYRKER/IFIVWMLER QIRGIVQMROER IJMWMIRWM WILMRKKE XIVOIWER WIFEKEM PMRKOYRKER ]ERK QIR]IRERKOERXIVEXYVYRXYOXIQTEXXMRKKEPEXEYOIVNE e. Tingkat Lanjut Proses Rajin 4VSWIW MRM FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRWMWXIQEXMWEWMOER TIPEXMLER(MWMTPMRQEOWYHR]E EHEPEL QIRIVETOER OIQEQTYER QIPEOYOER WIWYEXY WIWYEM HIRKER GEVE ]ERK WILEVYWR]E /IFMEWEER ]ERK FYVYO HETEX HMLMPERKOER HIRKER GEVE FIPENEV QIRKIREM LEP ]ERK LEVYW HMPEOYOER HER QIQFMEWEOER QIVIOE FIVPEXML OIFMEWEER]ERKFEMO G.
Pedoman Pembudayaan Penataan Fasilitas Laboratorium Dan Bengkel Dengan Pendekatan 5R &IVHEWEVOER LEWMP OENMER E[EP XIVLEHET VIWTSRHIR WIFEKEM WEQTIP 71/ WI -RHSRIWME HETEX HMWYWYR FEKEMQERE QYHELR]E TIRIVETER WXERHEV 6 HEPEQ TIREXEER JEWMPMXEW QIWMR EPEX HER TIVOEOEW HM FIRKOIP HER PEFSVEXSVMYQ 4IQFYHE]EER 6 TEHE HEWEVR]E QIVYTEOER TVSWIW TIVYFELER WMOET HIRKER QIRIVETOERTIREXEERTIVE[EXERHEROIFIVWMLERXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO4IRIVETER prinsip “A place for everything, and everything in its place”HMPEOYOERWIXMETERKKSXE SVKERMWEWMYRXYOQIQFMEWEOERHMVMFIOIVNETVEOXMOHEPEQPMRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMO HIRKERWXERHEVXIQTEX]ERKNIPEW&IVMOYXMRMXELETERXELETERHEPEQTIRIVETER6 HMXIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO 8ELET TIVWMETER E[EP EHEPEL HIRKER QIVIOEQ OIEHEER WIOEVERKQIRKKYREOERHEXEHSOYQIRXEWMQIPEPYMTIRKEQEXERQIRHEPEQHEPEQ XMXMOXERKOETERHMXIQTEXXIVXIRXY 1. Melakukan proses 1: Ringkas a. Membuang barang yang tidak diperlukan 4IVLEXMOERHIRKERFEMOWIOIPMPMRKXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOERHEWIWYRKKYLR]E XIVHETEXFER]EOFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERHMHEPEQWIXMETXIQTEXOIVNE TVEOXMO &EVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER EVXMR]E FEVERK XIVWIFYX XMHEO HMFYXYLOERYRXYOTVSHYOWMWEEXMRM b. Strategi Label Merah : Ringkas Visual 7XVEXIKM PEFIP QIVEL EHEPEL XIORMO VMRKOEW ]ERK WERKEX TIRXMRK 7IKIVE WIXIPELFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMFYXYLOERHMXIQYOERFEVERKMRMHMXERHEMHIRKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
191
PEFIPQIVELWILMRKKEWIXMETSVERKHETEXWIGEVENIPEWQIPMLEXETE]ERKTIVPY HMFYERKEXEYHMTMRHELOER1MWEPTEHEFEKMERTVSHYOWMMRMFIVEVXMQIQIVMOWE TIVWIHMEERQIWMRTIVEPEXERPSOEWMPSOEWMXIVXIRXYWITIVXMVEOVEOHERTEHE FEKMEREHQMRMWXVEWMMRMXIVQEWYOHSOYQIREPEXXYPMWHERQIWMR c. Menentukan standar untuk label merah 7ERKEX TIRXMng untuk menentukan standar yang jelas tentang “apa yang diperlukan” dan “apa yang tidak diperlukan” untuk mengatasi pemberian label QIVEL d. Membuat label merah 0EFIP FIV[EVRE QIVEL WIGEVE PERKWYRK EOER XIVPMLEX HER QIREVMO TIVLEXMER FMPE ada “kotoran” di XIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO0EFIPQIVELMRMNYKEYRXYOQIQTIVMRKOEXOER SVERK EKEV QIQTIVLEXMOER OIWIPEQXER OIVNE TVEOXMO FELER ETETYR HETEX HMKYREOEREWEPOERQIR]SPSO e. Menempel label merah 1IRIQTIPOER PEFIPPEFIP QIQIVPYOER TERHERKER HEVM SVERK OIHYE MXY EVXMR]E FEL[ESVERKPEMREXEYXMQOLYWYWWIPEMRSTIVEXSVLEVYWQIRIQTIPOERPEFIPPEFIP XIVWIFYX8IQTIPOERPEFIPQIVELTEHEWIXMETFEVERK]ERKQIVEKYOER f. Tindak lanjut dan evaluasi 0ERKOELMRMHMTIVPYOERYRXYOQIQTIVNIPEWQIRKETEPEFIPQIVELHMXIQTIPOERHER QIRIRXYOERXMRHEOERETE]ERKTEPMRKXITEXYRXYOHMEQFMP 2. Melakukan proses ke 2 Rapi
Gambar 112. Ilustrasi Pentingnya Merapikan Alat
192
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
a.
Membenahi tempat penyimpanan 1IQFIVWMLOERWIFIPYQVETM ,EP TIVXEQE ]ERK HMFYXYLOER EHEPEL FIFIVETE WMW[E TVEOXMOER TVEOXMOER HIRKER WETY HER PET YRXYO QIRKLMPERKOER OSXSVER 6ETM FIVEVXM QIRWXERHEVOER XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER XIXETM XMHEO HETEX HMQYPEM WEQTEM WIQYER]EXIPELQIRNEHMFIVWMLXIVPIFMLHELYPY 1IQFYEXHIRELXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER 1IWMR HER WIXMET XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER QIQIVPYOER XIQTEXR]E WIRHMVM WILMRKKE YRXYO QIQTIVQYHEL QIRGEVMR]E HMTIVPYOER HIREL XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER
b.
Menambahkan Warna Pada Tempat Kerja praktik : Strategi Pengecatan 1) Lantai 0MRKOYRKEROIVNETVEOXMOHMGEXHIRKER[EVRE]ERKXMHEOQIRMQFYPOERWXVIWW 8IQTEXMWXMVELEXLEVYWQIQEOEM[EVRE]ERKFIVOIWERWERKEXVIPEOW0ERXEM HETEX HMGEX WIXIPEL layout XIPEL FIREV HMXIRXYOER HER WIQYE FEVERK QIQTYR]EMXIQTEX]ERKTEWXM 2) Menggambar Garis dilantai 7IOEPM[EVREPERXEMXIPELHMXIRXYOERQEOEPERXEMHETEXHMFEKMQIRNEHMFEKMER FEKMERHIRKERQIRKKYREOERKEVMW
c.
Membuat Garis Pemisah 1) Garis Pemisah +EVMW TIQMWEL EHEPEL KEVMW ]ERK QIQFIHEOER PSVSRK HER XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO 1IWOMTYR FMEWER]E KEVMWKEVMW XIVWIFYX FIV[EVRE OYRMRK XIXETM HETEXNYKEHMKYREOER[ERETYXML 2) Garis Jalan Keluar atau Masuk +EVMWMRMFIVYTEKEVMWKEVMWOYRMRKERHENERKERFIVNEPERTEHEKEVMWOYRMRK EXEYQIPERKOELHMEXEWR]E.EPEROIPYEVEXEYQEWYOLEVYWHMFYEXHERHMFIVM XERHEHIRKERNIPEW 3) Garis Pintu Masuk /IFER]EOEROMXEXIPELQIRKEPEQMFEL[ETMRXYXMFEXMFEXIVFYOEPERKWYRKHM HITER4IRXMRKQIRKIXELYMHEVMEVELQERETMRXYXIVFYOEHERQIQFIVMOER XERHEXIVXIRXY
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
193
4) Garis Arus Lintas /ERER EXEY /MVM# ,EP ]ERK TIRXMRK QIRIXETOER OIFMNEOER EVYW PEPY PMRXEW YRXYOXIQTEXFIVNEPERHERFIVOIRHEVEERHMHEPEQXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO-RM EHEPELGEVEYRXYOQIRKLMRHEVMXEFVEOEREXEYOIGIPEOER d.
Pola Selang-seling 4SPE WIPERKWIPMRK XIVHMVM EXEW KEVMW QMVMRK OYRMRK HER LMXEQ ]ERK FIVJYRKWM WIFEKEMXERHEFELE]E
e.
Garis Ruang Penyimpanan 6YERKERYRXYOTIR]MQTERERLEVYWWIGEVENIPEWHMTMWELOERHIRKERKEVMW'SRXSL YXEQEEHEPELQINE HERXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYOQIR]MQTER WMW[ETVEOXMOERTVEOXMOERWIHERKFIVPERKWYRK
3. Menerapkan Papan Petunjuk dan Strategi Pelabelan : Rapi Visual 1) Strategi Papan Petunjuk di Tempat Kerja praktik %HEFIVFEKEMNIRMWXERHEETETRTIXYRNYOHERPEFIP]ERKHMKYREOERHMXIQTEXOIVNE TVEOXMO/MXELEVYWQIRKEXYVR]EHIRKERYVYXERFIVMOYXMRM Tempat bahan baku atau produk jadi → Tempat Kerja praktik → Jalur Produksi → Proses 2) Strategi Tanda Secara Rinci 7XVEXIKMMRMQIPMTYXMTIVMRGMERWITIVXMXERHETVSWIWXERHEQIWMRHERFELOERXERHE TIRKIREPTEOEMERWIVEKEQTEVEWMW[ETVEOXMOERTVEOXMO 4. Tiga Kunci dalam Merapikan 1) Tiga kunci bentuk dari standarisasi &YEXPELOEXEOYRGM]ERKQIQYEXLEPLEPTIRXMRK]ERKHMNEFEVOERHIRKERXMKEOEXE OYRGM 2) Tiga kunci adalah peraturan dasar untuk tempat penyimpanan 8MKELEPHEWEV]ERKTIVPYHMMRKEXQIRKIREMXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER HMQEREETE HER FIVETE FER]EO 4IPEFIPER LEVYW HMPEOYOER HIRKER GEVE WIHIQMOMER VYTE WILMRKKEWIXMETSVERKHETEXQIRKIVXMNE[EFERTIVXER]EERMRM 5. Menempatkan posisi =EMXYFEKEMQEREOMXELEVYWQIRIXETOERTSWMWMYRXYOWIQYEFEVERKTIVWIHMEER 6. Barang-barang tetap =EMXYETEOELQYHELHMQIRKIVXMFEVERKETE]ERKHMWMQTERHMXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER 7. Penentuan jumlah
194
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
=EMXY ETEOEL QYRKOMR YRXYO QIRKEXEOER WIGEVE XITEX FIVETE FER]EO FEVERK TIVWIHMEER]ERKXIVWMWEWIGEVEWIOMPEW 8. Tanda untuk penyimpanan siswa praktikan yang sedang berlangsung &MPE XERHE ]ERK HMXIQTIPOER TEHE XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER YRXYO FEVERK ]ERK WIHERK HMOIVNEOERTVEOXMOERHERFEVERK]ERKFIVEWEPHEVMPYEVOMXEHETEXWIKIVEQIRKIREPM FEVERK ETE FIVETE HER HMQERE 9RXYO WMW[E TVEOXMOER ]ERK WIHERK FIVPERKWYRK TVSWIWWIOEVERKHERTVSWIWFIVMOYXR]ELEVYWWIGEVENIPEWHMXYRNYOOER
Perkakas dan alat QIVYFELWMWXIQTIR]MQTERERHEVMXIVXYXYTQIRNEHMXIVFYOE /MXE HETEX QIPMLEX TIVOEOEW HER EPEX TEHE [EOXY FEVERK XIVWIFYX HMXIQTEX TIR]MQTERERR]EXEYXMHEOQEOEOIQYRKOMRERXIQTEXTIR]MQTEREREOERGITEX FIVERXEOER
Perkakas dan alat 4IRKEXYVERFIVHEWEVOERJYRKWM 4IVOEOEW HER EPEX HETEX QYHEL FIVWIVEOER HM PERXEM EXEY HM EXEW QIWMR FMPE XIQTEXTIR]MQTERERR]EXMHEOHMXIRXYOERWIGEVEVMRGM
9.
Melakukan proses ke 3 Resik
Gambar 113. Ilustrasi Membersihkan Alat
a.
Mengatur Prosedur Kebersihan Harian 1) Urutan dalam Resik: 8YNYERHEVMVIWMOEHEPELYRXYOQIRKLMPERKOERWIQYE HIFYHEROSXSVERHERQIRNEKEXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOWIPEPYFIVWML
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195
2) Sasaran Resik: 8IVHETEX OEXIKSVM YRXYO QIRXEVKIXOER VIWMO EVIE TIR]MQTERERTIVEPEXERPMRKOYRKER. E %VIETIR]MQTERER /EXIKSVMMRMXIVQEWYOFIVQEGEQQEGEQFEVERKHER XIQTEX F 4IVEPEXER %RHELEVYWWIPEPYQIVE[EXQIWMRERHEWIRHMVMHERQIRNEKE OIFIVWMLER EPEXEPEX WIVXE OIVETMERR]E -RM EHEPEL TERHERKER HEVM TVSJIWWMSREP G 0MRKOYRKER &MPEXIQTEXHMQEREERHEFIOIVNETVEOXMOWIXMETLEVMXIVXYXYT HIRKERHIFY]ERKQIPIOEXQEOEERHEEOERHIRKERQYHELQIRKEPEQM HITVIWM&YEXPELVIWMOHERR]EQERWIVXETIVXELEROERWIPEPY 3) Tanggung jawab Resik E
4IXE XERKKYRK NE[EF VIWMO 8ERKKYRK NE[EF VIWMO EXEW XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO WIFEMOR]E HMFEKM OIHEPEQ [MPE]EL[MPE]EL ]ERK OIGMP 7IXMET SVERKLEVYWQIQFIVWMLOERXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOR]EWIGEVEFIVWEQE
F
.EH[EP VIWMO 7IFIPYQ QIQFYEX NEH[EP VIWMO FYEXPEL HEJXEV WIQYE OIKMEXERVIWMO0IFMLFEMOEHEWMWXIQWLMJXXIVYXEQEYRXYOQIQFIVWMLOER EVIE]ERKHMTEOEMFIVWEQE
4)
Menentukan metode Resik E
0MQE QIRMX VIWMO /IHIRKEVERR]E QIRMX XMHEO QIVYTEOER [EOXY ]ERK GYOYT YRXYO QIRKIVNEOER WIWYEXY ]ERK WERKEX FIVEVXM 6IWMO ]ERK HMPEOWEREOER WIGEVE IJMWMIR QEOE QIQFYEX ERHE EOER WERKEX XIVOINYX FIVETEFER]EO]ERKHMLEWMPOERHEVMQIRMXMXY
F
9VYXER VIWMO &YEXPEL YVYXER ]ERK NIPEW XIVLEHET WMW[E TVEOXMOER KYVY XIORMWM EXEY TIXYKEW PEMRR]E XIRXERK OIKMEXER VIWMO WILMRKKE XIVPEOWERER HIRKERFEMO
G
8YKEW HER EPEX OIFIVWMLER 7IXIPEL ERHE QIRIXETOER XYKEW VIWMO HIRKER QIQEWXMOER FEVERK ETE ]ERK TIVPY HMFIVWMLOER WIPERNYXR]E EHEPEL QIQFYEXHEJXEVHEVMWIQYEEPEXYRXYOWMW[ETVEOXMOERXIVWIFYX
5)
Persiapan untuk membersihkan alat %PEX OIFIVWMLER LEVYW WIPEPY HMWMQTER HM XIQTEX ]ERK QYHEL HMNERKOEY 4IRIVETER 6IWMO 7IOEVERK EHEPEL WEEXR]E YRXYO QYPEM VIWMO 0MLEXPEL FIXETE FIVWMLR]ELEWMP]ERKHMHETEXOERHEPEQ[EOXYLER]EQIRMX
196
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
10. Melakukan proses ke 4: Rawat 10. Melakukan proses ke 4: Rawat
Gambar 114. Ilustrasi Merawat Alat
E
Gambar Kerja 114. Ilustrasi Alat Mempertahankan Tempat praktikMerawat Yang Resik
E
Mempertahankan Tempat Kerja praktik Yang Resik 8IQTEX/IVNETVEOXMO]ERKWIPEPY6ETM 8IQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOHETEXWIPEPY
8IQTEX/IVNETVEOXMO]ERKWIPEPY6ETM 8IQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOHETEXWIPEPY HMNEKE VIWMO HER VETM FMPE WIXMET SVERK QEY FIVTEVXMWMTEWM WIGEVE EOXMJ HMNEKE VIWMO HER VETM FMPE WIXMET SVERK QEY FIVTEVXMWMTEWM WIGEVE EOXMJ 6ELEWMER]EEHEPELHIRKERQIRKMRKEXOERTVMRWMTXMHEOXMHEOEHEFEVERK 6ELEWMER]EEHEPELHIRKERQIRKMRKEXOERTVMRWMTXMHEOXMHEOEHEFEVERK ]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERXMHEOFIVWIVEOERHERXMHEOOSXSV
]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERXMHEOFIVWIVEOERHERXMHEOOSXSV 4IVMOWE(YPYFEVERK]ERKXMHEO(MTIVPYOER
F
4IVMOWE(YPYFEVERK]ERKXMHEO(MTIVPYOER Daftar periksa untuk barang yang tidak diperlukan
F
Daftar periksa untuk barang yangQIQIVMOWE tidak diperlukan 4IQMOMVER HMWMRM EHEPEL YRXYO FMPE XIVHETEX FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO 4IQMOMVER HMWMRM EHEPEL YRXYO QIQIVMOWE FMPE XIVHETEX FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER]ERKQEWMLXIVXMRKKEPWIXIPELTIPEOWEREERWXVEXIKMPEFIPQIVEL
G
HMTIVPYOER]ERKQEWMLXIVXMRKKEPWIXIPELTIPEOWEREERWXVEXIKMPEFIPQIVEL Daftar barang-barang sisa
G
Daftar barang-barang sisa PEFIP QIVEL WIHMOMXR]E XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO 1IPEPYM TIRIVETER WXVEXIKM 1IPEPYM TIRIVETER WXVEXIKM PEFIP QIVEL WIHMOMXR]E XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO QIRKLEWMPOERFMEWQIRGETEMXVYOFIVMWMWMWEWMWEFEVERK QIRKLEWMPOERFMEWQIRGETEMXVYOFIVMWMWMWEWMWEFEVERK
H
Memeriksa Tempat Penyimpanan
H
Memeriksa Tempat Penyimpanan (EJXEVTIVMOWEXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER
(EJXEVTIVMOWEXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER %TEOEL WIQYE QIWMR TIVWIHMEER FELER FEOY FEVERK TIVOEOEW HER EPEX %TEOEL WIQYE QIWMR TIVWIHMEER FELER FEOY FEVERK TIVOEOEW HER EPEX XIVWYWYRWIGEVEVETM#YRXYOQIQTIVQYHELFYEXPELHEJXEVTIVMOWEXIQTEX XIVWYWYRWIGEVEVETM#YRXYOQIQTIVQYHELFYEXPELHEJXEVTIVMOWEXIQTEX TIR]MQTERER
TIR]MQTERER (EJXEVTIRMPEMER
(EJXEVTIRMPEMER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
197
(EVM WIQYE PERKOEL 6 6ETM EHEPEL ]ERK TEPMRK PYEW NERKOEYERR]E 4IQIVMOWEEROIQFEPMEHEPELTIRXMRKHERHEJXEVTIRMPEMERWERKEXFIVKYRE I
Memeriksa debu dan kotoran 1IQFYEXHEJXEVVIWMOHIRKERTIVFEMOERTIVFEMOERTIPEOWEREERVIWMO
11. Melakukan proses ke 5 Rajin 4IRKIRHEPMER:MWYEP(M8IQTEX/IVNETVEOXMO a.
Pengendalian Visual : Langkah Pertama Dalam Rajin 8IQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO ]ERK WILEX QIVYTEOER XIQTEX ]ERKWIPEPY XIVFYOE FEKM OVMXMO]ERKQIQFERKYR1IQFIVMHERQIRIVMQEOVMXMO]ERKQIQFERKYREHEPEL WYEXYHEWEVHEVMPERKOEL6-HIEPR]EEHEPELQIRGMTXEOERXIQTEXOIVNETVEOXMO HMQERE QEWEPEL HETEX PERKWYRK HMOIREPM WILMRKKE XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER HETEX WIKIVEHMEQFMP
b.
Pameran Foto 5R 8IQTEXOIVNETVEOXMOLEVYWWYHELFER]EOFIVYFELWINEOTIRKEQFMPERJSXSTEHE TIVQYPEER [EOXYR]E YRXYO QIRKEHEOER TEQIVER WIFIPYQ HER WIWYHEL TIRKEQFMPERJSXS6
c.
Slogan 5R 7IPYVYLNENEVERTIVYWELEERLEVYWXIVPMFEXHEPEQ6'EVEYRXYOQIQFYEXWIXMET SVERKXIVXEVMOEHEPELHIRKERQIQMRXEWIHMOMXR]EWEXYKEKEWERYRXYOWPSKER6 HEVMWIXMETERKKSXETIVYWELEER
d.
Langkah audit atau evaluasi berkelanjutan 1IPEOYOER EYHMX EXEY IZEPYEWM WIGEVE FIVOEPE WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL QIRKIREM IJIOXMJMXEW TIQIVMOWEER 6 QIRYVYX NIRMW XIQTEX OIVNE TVEOXMO ,EWMP LEVYW HMYQYQOER HER LEHMEL HETEX HMFIVMOER WIFEKEM MRWIRXMJ YRXYO TIVFEMOER WIPERNYXR]E
198
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
199
ARTI
VETMWILMRKKE
PIXEO]ERKXIVXEXE
4IREXEER 1IRIRXYOERXEXE
QERENIQIR
QIRIRXYOERTVMSVMXEW9WELEYRXYO
8IQTEXOIVNE]ERKXIVXEXEVETM
FIVOIPERNYXERHER
OSXSVER
JYRKWMSREP
4IR]MQTERER
E^EWR]E
FIVHEWEVOER
TIQMPELER
TIVFEMOER
HETEXQIQTIRKEVYLMTIR]IFEF
TIR]IFEFOSXSVER
QERENIQIRWXEXMJMOEWMYRXYO
1IRERKERM]ERK
]ERKXMHEO
]ERKXMHEOTIVPY
1IRKLMPERKOER
HMTIVPYOER8IVETOER
HMTIVPYOERHER
8IRXYOEROVMXIVMEHERXEEXMLEPMXY
AKTIVITAS
HEPEQQIQFYERK]ERKXMHEO
SASARAN
ERXEVE]ERK
4IQMPELER 1IQFIHEOER
TAHAP
Tabel 18. Gambaran Umum Tentang 5-R
QIRKLMPERKOER
JYRKWMSREPHER
4IR]MQTERER
TIR]IFEF
QIRERKERM
WXVEXMJMOEWMHER
1ERENIQIR
PRINSIP
200
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
HMTIVPYOER
QIRGEVMFEVERK
[EOXYYRXYO
TIQFSVSWER
1IRKLMPERKOER
TIVEPEXER
XIQTEXOIVNEHER
1IREXEVETMOER
FEVERK
QIRKEQFMP
YRXYOQIRGEVMFEVERK
OSQTIXMWMHEPEQ
4VEOXMOHER QIR]MQTERHER
HER,
FIVHEWEVOER;
QIRKLMPERKOERTIQFSVSWER[EOXY
1IRMRKOEXOERTVSHYOXMJMXEWHIRKER
FEVERK]ERK
OIEQERER
QIRIQYOER
8EXEPIXEOHERTIRIQTEXER]ERK IJMWMIR XIVQEWYOQYXYHER
HETEX
%RHEWIPEPY QIRGEVMFEVERK
[EOXYYRXYO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
201
OSXSVERRSPHERHIFYRMLMP 1IRIQYOERQEWEPELOIGMPQIPEPYM
HERFEVERKEWMRK
YRXYO
TIVWSREPHER
HEPEQEWTIO
FIVWMLNYKE
OIXMHEORSVQEPERXEQTEO
1ERENIQIRZMWYEPMRSZEXMJWYTE]E
XIVEXYVVETMHER
QIQIPMLEVE6
FEVERKHIRKER
ER
4IQERXETERQERENIQIRYRXYO
1IQIPMLEVE
EHEPELQIQIVMOWE
4IQERXET
MRWTIOWM
WIFEKEMGEVE
4IQFIVWMLER
]ERKPIFMLFIVWML
1IQELEQMFEL[EQIQFIVWMLOER
XIQTEXOIVNE
TIRKE[EWEROIFIVWMLER
QIQTIVSPIL
HIRKEROIFYXYLER%RHE1IRGETEM
WEQTELOSXSVER
8MRKOEXOIFIVWMLER]ERKWIWYEM
LER
1IRKLMPERKOER
4IQFIVWM
QERYEP YRXYO
%PEX QMWEPR]E
XMRHEOERHMRM
(IXIOWMHER
MRSZEXMJ
1ERENIQIRZMWYEP
TIVOEOEW
TIVEPEXERHER
HERQIQIVMOWE
1IQFIVWMLOER
PIFMLIJMWMIR
4IQFIVWMLER]ERK
6FIVKYRE
/IEHEERHMQERE
TIQERXETER6
ZMWYEPHER
1ERENIQIR
OIFIVWMLER
XMRKOEX
TIQIVMOWEERHER
WIFEKEM
4IQFIVWMLER
202
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4EVXMWMTEWMTIRYLHEPEQ
OIFMEWEERFEMO
1IQTVEOXMOER
MRHMZMHYEP
8ERKKYRKNE[EF
/SQYRMOEWMHER
WIFEKEMVYXMRMXEWWILEVMLEVM
6WEXYQIRMX YQTERFEPMO
TIVEXYVER
OIFMEWEER
[EVRE
/SQYRMOEWMHERYQTERFEPMO
HERFIRKOIP]ERKQIRXEEXM
FIREVWIFEKEM
QIRKIQFERKOEROIFMEWEERFEMO
WIWYEXY]ERK
4IQFIVMEROSHI
TIQERXETER
HIRKERTSPYWM
(MWMTPMR1IPEOYOER
QIQIPMLEVE
OEMXERR]E
]ERKQERXET
XIQTEXOIVNE
OIFMEWEERHER
4IQFIRXYOER
6FIVEVXMQIQFIHEOERERXEVE]ERKHMTIVPYOERHIRKER]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOERQIRKEQFMP OITYXYWER ]ERK XIKEW HER QIRIVETOER QERENIQIR WXVEXMJMOEWM YRXYO QIQFYERK ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER MXY 1ERENIQIR WXVEXMJMOEWM HER QIRGEVM TIR]IFEFTIR]IFEFR]E YRXYO QIRKLMPERKOER ]ERK XMHEO HMTIVPYOER WIVXE QIRKLMPERKOER TIR]IFEF MXY WIFIPYQ QIRMQFYPOERQEWEPELQIVYTEOERWIWYEXY]ERKHMYXEQEOER Tabel 19. Aktivitas 5-R
TEMA
CIRI KHAS AKTIVITASNYA
&YERKFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER
&IVWMLOERHEIVELHMWIOMXEVTEFVMO
4IQMPELER
8ERKERMTIR]IFEFOSXSVERHEROIFSGSVER
%XYVKYHERK
1ERENIQIR
4IQFIVWMLERVYERKER
&YERKOSXSVERHERFYR]MQIWMR]ERK
WXVEXMJMOEWMHER
8ERKERMFEVERK]ERKGEGEXHERVYWEO
QIRERKERM
4IVMOWEXYXYTHERHEIVELFIVXIOERER
TIR]IFEF
OIVEW
&YERK[EHELQMR]EO
VIRHELYRXYOQIRGIKELOIFSGSVERHER TIVGMOER
7IQYEFEVERKQIQMPMOMXIQTEXOLYWYW
4ETERTIRKYQYQER]ERKVETM
1IR]MQTERHERQIRKEQFMPFEVERK
4IRKYQYQER]ERKQYHELHMFEGE
HIXMO
+EVMWPYVYWHERKEVMWXIKEOPYVYW
7XERHEVTIRKEVWMTER
4IRIQTEXERJYRKWMSREPYRXYO
4IQFEKMERHEIVELHERXERHETIRIQTEXER
QEXIVMEPWYOYGEHERKOEVXYVEO
1IRKIPMQMREWMXYXYTHEROYRGM
TIVOEOEWTIVEPEXERHERPEMRPEMR
4IVXEQEQEWYOTIVXEQEOIPYEV
0EXMLERKIVEOGITEXOIXVEQTMPER6
4IQFIVWMLER:
8ERKKYRKFNE[EFMRHMZMHYEP
4IQFIVWMLER
1IQFYEXTIQFIVWMLERHERTIQIVMOWEER
6TVMSVMXEW
PIFMLQYHEL
0EOYOERTIQIVMOWEEROIFIVWMLER
4IREXEER: 4IR]MQTERER JYRKWMSREPHER QIQFYERK[EOXY YRXYOQIRGEVM FEVERK
WIFEKEM TIQIVMOWEERHER
XMRKOEXOIFIVWMLER
7IXMETSVERKEHEPELTIRNEKEHER TIQFIVWMLKIHYRK
HEROSVIOWMQEWEPELOIGMP
/EQTER]IFIVWMLFIVOMPEYER
&IVWMLOERNYKEXIQTEX]ERKXMHEO HMTIVLEXMOERSVERK
TEMA
CIRI KHAS AKTIVITASNYA
4IQERXETER
8ERHEFIREV
0EFIPQMR]EO
0EFIPPMQMX
1ERENIQIR
(EIVELFIVFELE]EHMFIVMXERHE
;EVRETIVMRKEXER
4IQFIVMEROSHI[EVRE
ZMWYEPHER
TEHEQIXIVER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
203
4IQFIVWMLER
WIFEKEM TIQIVMOWEERHER
XMRKOEXOIFIVWMLER
1IQFYEXTIQFIVWMLERHERTIQIVMOWEER
6TVMSVMXEW
PIFMLQYHEL
0EOYOERTIQIVMOWEEROIFIVWMLER HEROSVIOWMQEWEPELOIGMP
/EQTER]IFIVWMLFIVOMPEYER
&IVWMLOERNYKEXIQTEX]ERKXMHEO
HMTIVLEXMOERSVERK
TEMA
CIRI KHAS AKTIVITASNYA
4IQERXETER
8ERHEFIREV
0EFIPQMR]EO
0EFIPPMQMX
1ERENIQIR
(EIVELFIVFELE]EHMFIVMXERHE
;EVRETIVMRKEXER
4IQFIVMEROSHI[EVRE
4ETERTIXYRNYO
/IEHEERXIQFYW
ZMWYEPHER
TEHEQIXIVER
TIQERXETER
0EFIPWYLY
6
4IQFIVMERTIXYRNYOEVEL
0EFIPYRXYOYOYVERFER
4IRKEQERER
FIVNEPER
0EFIPXERKKYRKNE[EF
0EFIPEVELQIQFYOEHER
4IRKEXYVEROEFIP
QIRYXYT
8ERHETIQIVMOWEER
“Saya dapat
0EFIPZSPXEWI
0EFIPTIQIPMLEVEER
QIRIQYOERR]EHIRKER
4MTE]ERKHMFIVMOSHI[EVRE
TVIWMWM
mata tertutup”
TIQEHEQOIFEOEVER
TERHERK
1IRGIKELOIFIVMWMOER HERKIXEVER
4IRIQTEXERXERHE
.EHYEP6
4IRIQTEXERXEREQER WILMRKKEQIR]IVYTEM XEQER
4IQFMEWEER
4IQFIVWMLERFIVWEQE
4IQFIRXYOER
;EOXYPEXMLER 4VEOXMOQIQYRKYXFEVERK
XIQTEXOIVNE
/IREOERWITEXYTIRKEQER
8ERKKYRKNE[EF MRHMZMHYEP
%RHE
FIVHMWMTPMR
4VEOXMOERTIRERKERER OIEHEERKE[EXHEVYVEX
OIFMEWEERHER ]ERK
1IRIPTSRHER FIVOSQYRMOEWM
1ERENIQIRVYERKERYQYQ
1ERYEP6
7IXIPELQIPMLEXFEVY TIVGE]E
Tabel 20. Tingkatan, Derajat Kebutuhan dan Metode Penyimpanan
Tingkatan
Derajat kebutuhan (Frekuensi Pemakaian)
Metode Penyimpanan (Stratifikasi)
6)2(%,
&EVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVKYREOERXELYRPEPY
&EVERK]ERKLER]EHMTIVKYREOERWIOEPMHEPEQ[EOXY
FYPERXIVEOLMV
7MQTERNEYLNEYL
6%8%6%8%
204
&YERK
&EVERK]ERKLER]EHMTIVKYREOERHEPEQ[EOXY
FYPERXIVEOLMV
&EVERK]ERKHMTIVKYREOERPIFMLHEVMWIOEPMHEPEQ
7MQTERHMFEKMERXIRKELXIQTEX
WIFYPER
OIVNE
&EVERK]ERKWMTIVKYREOERWIOEPMHEPEQWIQMRKKY
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
FIVHMWMTPMR
FIVOSQYRMOEWM
1ERENIQIRVYERKERYQYQ
1ERYEP6
7IXIPELQIPMLEXFEVY TIVGE]E
Tabel 20. Tingkatan, Derajat Kebutuhan dan Metode Penyimpanan
Tingkatan
Derajat kebutuhan (Frekuensi Pemakaian)
Metode Penyimpanan (Stratifikasi)
6)2(%,
&EVERK]ERKXMHEOHMTIVKYREOERXELYRPEPY
&EVERK]ERKLER]EHMTIVKYREOERWIOEPMHEPEQ[EOXY
FYPERXIVEOLMV
7MQTERNEYLNEYL
6%8%6%8%
&YERK
&EVERK]ERKLER]EHMTIVKYREOERHEPEQ[EOXY
FYPERXIVEOLMV
&EVERK]ERKHMTIVKYREOERPIFMLHEVMWIOEPMHEPEQ
7MQTERHMFEKMERXIRKELXIQTEX
WIFYPER
OIVNE
&EVERK]ERKWMTIVKYREOERWIOEPMHEPEQWIQMRKKY
8-2++-
&EVERK]ERKHMTIVKYREOERWIXMETLEVM
&EVERK]ERKHMTIVKYREOERWIXMETNEQ
7MQTERHIOEXSVERK]ERK QIRKKYREOERR]EEXEYWMQTER HMOERXSRKFENYGIPERESVERK MXY
.ERNM6
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIQFYEXFEVERKQIRNEHMOSXSV
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIRYQTELOERWIWYEXY
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIQFMEVOERFEVERKFIVWIVEOER
7E]EEOERWIKIVEQIQFIVWMLOERFEVERK]ERKOSXSV
7E]EEOERQIRYPMWOIQFEPMXYPMWER]ERKXIPELXIVLETYW
7E]EEOERQIRIQTIPOEROIQFEPMTIRKYQYQER]ERKXIVPITEW
H.
Contoh Instrumen Aktifitas 5R &EKEMQEREOSRHMWMEXEYEOXMZMXEWHM6YERK&IRKOIP4VEOXMO]ERK7EYHEVEVEWEOER#
5R
No
Pertanyaan
SK
K
S
B
SB
/IXIVWIHMEERQIWMRSF]IOYRXYOTVEOXMO
/IXIVWIHMEER OSQTSRIR EXEY FELER ]ERK EOER HMKYREOER
EXEER
4IRKKYREERQIWMRSF]IOYRXYOTVEOXMO
7XERHEV YRXYO XIQTEX TIQFYERKER FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO
4IQMPELER
6MRKOEW
YRXYOTVEOXMO 4IRKKYREERTIVEPEXERYRXYOTVEOXMO
4IRERKERERTIVEPEXER]ERKGEGEXEXEYVYWEO
6EOHMFIVMPEFIPWIGEVENIPEW
8IVHETEXTIRYRNYOER]ERKNIPEWEXEWNYQPELTIVWIHMEERSF]IO
HMTIVPYOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S YRXYOTVEOXMO
205
&EVERK]ERKHMTIVKYREOERWIXMETNEQ
7MQTERHIOEXSVERK]ERK QIRKKYREOERR]EEXEYWMQTER HMOERXSRKFENYGIPERESVERK MXY
.ERNM6
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIQFYEXFEVERKQIRNEHMOSXSV
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIRYQTELOERWIWYEXY
7E]EXMHEOEOERQIQFMEVOERFEVERKFIVWIVEOER
7E]EEOERWIKIVEQIQFIVWMLOERFEVERK]ERKOSXSV
7E]EEOERQIRYPMWOIQFEPMXYPMWER]ERKXIPELXIVLETYW
7E]EEOERQIRIQTIPOEROIQFEPMTIRKYQYQER]ERKXIVPITEW
H.
Contoh Instrumen Aktifitas 5R &EKEMQEREOSRHMWMEXEYEOXMZMXEWHM6YERK&IRKOIP4VEOXMO]ERK7EYHEVEVEWEOER#
5R
No
Pertanyaan
SK
K
S
B
SB
/IXIVWIHMEERQIWMRSF]IOYRXYOTVEOXMO
/IXIVWIHMEER OSQTSRIR EXEY FELER ]ERK EOER HMKYREOER
4IRKKYREERQIWMRSF]IOYRXYOTVEOXMO
7XERHEV YRXYO XIQTEX TIQFYERKER FEVERK ]ERK XMHEO
4IQMPELER
4IRKKYREERTIVEPEXERYRXYOTVEOXMO
4IRERKERERTIVEPEXER]ERKGEGEXEXEYVYWEO
6EOHMFIVMPEFIPWIGEVENIPEW
8IVHETEXTIRYRNYOER]ERKNIPEWEXEWNYQPELTIVWIHMEERSF]IO
0EFIPXERHEYRXYOQIRYRNYOOERTIVFIHEER[MPE]EL
4IQFEKM[MPE]ELNIPEW HMGEXHIRKER[EVRE]ERKNIPEW
8IQTEX TIR]MQTERER TIVEPEXER HMEXYV HIRKER FEMO YRXYO
HMTIVPYOER
YRXYOTVEOXMO
6ETM 4IREXEER
6MRKOEW
YRXYOTVEOXMO
QIQYHELOERTIRKEQFMPER TIRKIQFEPMER
206
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
6IWMO 4IQFIVWMLER
/IFIVWMLERPERXEM
/IFIVWMLERQIWMRSF]IOTVEOXMO
/IFIVWMLER TIQIVMOWEERHMERKKETWEQE
6SXEWM NEH[EP YRXYOOIFIVWMLER
6YXMRMXEWQIR]ETYHERQIRKIPET
4IQFIVWMLERXIQTEX]ERKXMHEOHMTIVLEXMOERSVERK
9HEVEFIVWMLXMHEOFIVFEY
7YHYXMRXIRWMXEWTIRGELE]EER]ERKXITEX
4IRKKYREER TEOEMER TVEOXMO ]ERK FIVWML EXEY XMHEO XIVOIRE
0EFIPXERKKYRKNE[EFSF]IOTVEOXMO
,MQFEYERYRXYOXMHEOQIVSOSO
/IWIHMEERYRXYOXMHEOQIVSOSO
8IVHETEXWYEWERE]ERKR]EQERHEPEQFIVOSQYRMOEWM
9WELEYRXYOXITEX[EOXY
4IVEXYVER TVSWIHYVTVEOXMOHMQIRKIVXM
4IVEXYVER TVSWIHYVTVEOXMOHMXEEXM
FIVGEOQMR]EO %HE TIVLEXMER OLYWYW YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM XIVOYQTYPR]E OSXSVER 8IVHETEXWMWXIQYRXYOQIQTIVXELEROERTIQMPELERTIREXEER HERTIQFIVWMLER
6E[EX 4IQERXETER 6ENMR 4IQFMEWEER
4ETERTIRKYQYQER]ERKVETM
Keterangan : 7/ 7ERKEX/YVERK /
/YVERK
7
7IHERK
&
&EMO
7& 7ERKEX&EMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
207
208
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB IV
STANDAR LABOLATORIUM DAN BENGKEL
A.
Laboratorium /&&- QIR]EXEOER FEL[E PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIVYTEOER WYEXY XIQTEX XIVXIRXY ]ERK HMPIRKOETMYRXYOQIRKEHEOERTIVGSFEEREXEYTIR]IPMHMOER;MOMTIHMEQIRNIPEWOER PEFSVEXSVMYQ EHEPEL XIQTEX VMWIX MPQMEL IOWTIVMQIR TIRKYOYVER EXEY TIPEXMLER MPQMELHMPEOYOER0EFSVEXSVMYQFMEWER]EHMFYEXYRXYOQIQYRKOMROERHMPEOYOERR]E OIKMEXER]ERKXIVOIRHEPM0EFSVEXSVMYQEXEY[SVOWLSTWIGEVEKEVMWFIWEVQIQMPMOM JYRKWM WIFEKEM XIQTEX YRXYO QIQFIVMOER OIPIRKOETER FEKM TIPENEVER XISVM ]ERK XIPEL HMXIVMQE WILMRKKE ERXEVE XISVM HER TVEOXMO FYOER QIVYTEOER HYE LEP ]ERK XIVTMWEL QIPEMROER HYE LEP ]ERK QIVYTEOER WEXY OIWEXYER 0EFSVEXSVMYQ NYKE QIQMPMOM TIVERER YRXYO QIQFIVMOER OIXIVEQTMPER OIVNE MPQMEL FEKM WMW[E WIVXE YRXYO QIQYTYO HER QIQFMRE VEWE TIVGE]E HMVM WIFEKEM OIXIVEQTMPER ]ERK HMTIVSPILHMPEFSVEXSVMYQ %PMQ7YQEVRS 1IRYVYX(EV]ERM WIFEKEMFMHERKOIELPMERXIORMOIPIOXVSXIRXYPEFSVEXSVMYQ QYXPEOLEVYWHMQMPMOMOEVIRE PEFSVEXSVMYQ MRM]ERKRERXMR]EEOERQIRHYOYRKHER QIRKIQFERKOER OIXIVEQTMPER WMW[E HEPEQ QIQERJEEXOER QIQTVEOXMOOER XISVM ]ERK XIPEL HMHETEXOER HM HEPEQ OIPEW 0EFSVEXSVMYQ HEPEQ TVSWIW TIQFIPENEVER QIQTYR]EMTIVERER]EMXY
7MW[E HER KYVY XIVPMFEX HEPEQ QIR]EQTEMOER OSRWIT FIVFEWMW TEHE TIR]IPMHMOERTIRIQYERHERTIVGSFEER
7MW[E HER KYVY XIVPMFEX HEPEQ QIRKEMXOER OSRWIT ]ERK HMFELEW HIRKER OILMHYTERWILEVMLEVM
7MW[E HER KYVY XIVPMFEX HER HETEX QIQFIVM XYKEW ]ERK FIVSVMIRXEWM TEHE TIRKIPSQTSOERWMW[E
7MW[E HER KYVY XIVPMFEX WIVXE HETEX QIRGMTXEOER QSHIPQSHIP TIQFIPENEVER YRXYOQIQTIVOYEXTIQELEQEROSRWIT
8ELYR International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation -0%' HMHMVMOER WIFEKEM SVKERMWEWM OIVNEWEQE MRXIVREWMSREP HMERXEVE FIVFEKEM FEHER EOVIHMXEWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
209
PEFSVEXSVMYQHMWIPYVYLHYRME-0%'TEHEXELYR QIPELMVOER-73Guide REQYR OEVIRE TIRIVETERR]E OYVERK WIQTYVRE OIQYHMER HMTIVFEMOM QIRNEHM -73 Guide 7INEO HMXIVETOER]E -73 Guide HMXIVETOER TIRKKYREER WMWXIQ QYXYPEFSVEXSVMYQFIVOIQFERKTIWEX&IVHEWEVOERTIRKEPEQER]ERKWERKEXPYEW HEPEQ QIRIVETOER -73-)' HER )2 OIHYE WXERHEV XIVWIFYX HMWIQTYVEREOERQIRNEHM-73-)' %R[EV,EHM -73-)' QIVYTEOER IHMWM TIVXEQE ]ERK FIVMWM WIQYE TIVW]EVEXER PEFSVEXSVMYQ TIRKYNMERHEROEPMFVEWM)HMWMTIVXEQEQIRKEGYTEHE-73 HER-73 7XERHEV -73 HER -73 OEVIRE QIRKEPEQM TIVYFELER QIRNEHM -73 QEOE -73-)' TIVPY QIR]IPEVEWOER QEOE TEHEXERKKEPQIM-73-)' VIWQMHMXIVFMXOER %R[EV,EHM -73 QIQMPMOM TIVW]EVEXER ]EMXY TIVW]EVEXER QERENIQIR HER TIVW]EVEXERXIORMW
210
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Persyaratan manajemen dibagi menjadi 15 syarat (Anwar Hadi, 2007), yaitu:
4IVW]EVEXERSVKERMWEWM
4IVW]EVEXERQERENIQIR
4IRKIRHEPMERHSOYQIR
/ENMYPERKTIVQMRXEERXIRHIV
7YFOSRXVEOTIRKYNMERHEROEPMFVEWM
4IQFIPMERNEWEHERTIVFIOEPER
4IPE]ERERcustomer
4IRKEHYER
4IRKIRHEPMERTIOIVNEERTIRKYNMERHEREXEY OEPMFVEWM]ERKXMHEOWIWYEM
4IRMRKOEXER 8MRHEOERTIVFEMOER 8MRHEOERTIRGIKELER 4IRKIRHEPMERVIOEQER %YHMXMRXIVREPHER /ENMYPERKQERENIQIR
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
211
Persyaratan teknis terdiri dari 10 syarat, yaitu:
9QYQ
4IVWSRIP
/SRHMWMEOSQSHEWMHERPMRKOYRKER
1IXSHITIRKYNMERQIXSHIOEPMFVEWMHERZEPMHEWMQIXSHI
4IVEPEXER
/IXIVXIPYVYWERTIRKYOYVER
4IRKEQFMPERWEQTIP
4IRERKERERFEVERK]ERKHMYNMHERHMOEPMFVEWM
.EQMRERQYXYHEROEPMFVEWMHER
0ETSVERLEWMP %R[EV,EHM 4IVW]EVEXER QIRHEWEV HEVM QERENIQIR PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRIXETOER WXVYOXYV SVKERMWEWMHIRKERYVEMER]ERKNIPEWQIRKIREMWYWYRERJYRKWMXYKEWHERXERKKYRKNE[EF WIVXE [I[IRERK FEKM TIPEOWERER]E %R[EV ,EHM 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMSVKERMWEWMOER WILMRKKE OIKMEXER ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER PEFSVEXSVMYQ HETEX HMPEOWEREOER HIRKER FEMO HER FIREV 0EFSVEXSVMYQ EXEY SVKERMWEWM LEVYW QEQTY HMTIVXERKKYRK NE[EFOER WIGEVE LYOYQ 3VKERMWEWM HMFIRXYO QIPEPYM OITYXYWER HEVM TINEFEX FIV[IRERK ETEFMPE PEFSVEXSVMYQ QMPMO TIQIVMRXEL WIHERKOER PEFSVEXSVMYQ W[EWXEHMFIRXYOQIPEPYMEOXIRSXEVMWHERXIPELFIVFEHERLYOYQ 1.
Struktur Organisasi 7XVYOXYVSVKERMWEWM]ERKQIRKEGYTEHE-73-)' QEOEWIXMETERKKSXE LEVYWQIR]EHEVMVIPIZERWMHERTIRXMRKR]EOIKMEXERQIVIOEYRXYOQIRGETEMXYNYER HEVMWMWXIQQERENIQIR,YFYRKERXMQFEPFEPMOERXEVETIVWSRIPHIRKERQERENIQIR QYXY QEYTYR OIKMEXER XIORMW LEVYW EHE &IVMOYX EHEPEL KEQFEV FEKER +EQFEV 7XVYOXYV3VKERMWEWM1ERENIQIR1YXY0EFSVEXSVMYQ 7YQFIV -73-)' MANAJER PUNCAK
MANAJER MUTU
Penyelia Laboratorium
Analis/Operator
MANAJER TEKNIS
MANAJER ADMINISTRASI
Penyelia Pengambil Sampel
Petugas Pengambil Sampel
Gambar 115. Struktur Organisasi Manajemen Mutu Laboratorium
212
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
7XVYOXYV SVKERMWEWM LEVYW HMXIXETOER SPIL TINEFEX ]ERK FIV[IRERK ETEFPME SVKERMWEWM PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIVYTEOER FEKMER HEVM SVKERMWEWM ]ERK PIFML XMRKKM 4INEFEX]ERKFIV[IRERKWIPEMRQIRKIWELOERWXVYOXYVSVKERMWEWMPEFSVEXSVMYQ NYKE LEVYW QEQTY QIRIQTEXOER TIVWSRIP WIWYEM HIRKER OIELPMER ]ERK HMQMPMOMR]E 4IPEXMLER FEKM TIVWSRIP ]ERK FIPYQ QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER LEVYW HMPEOYOER WILMRKKE WIXIPEL TIPEXMLER TIVWSRIP QEQTY QIRYRNYOOER OIELPMER ]ERKHMQMPMOM 2.
Personel Inti Laboratorium 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQMPMOM TIVWSRIP QERENIVMEP HER XIORMW TIVWSRIP WIPEMR QIQTYR]EMXERKKYRKNE[EFPEMRQIQMPMOMOI[IRERKERHERWYQFIVHE]E]ERK GYOYTYRXYOYRXYOQIPEOYOERXYKEW]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKEROIKMEXERTIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM XIVQEWYO MQTPIQIRXEWM TIQIPMLEVEER HER TIRMRKOEXER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXY PEFSVEXSVMYQ 4IVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QEQTY QIRKMHIRXMJMOEWM OINEHMER TIR]MQTERKER HEVM WMWXIQ QERENIQIR EXEY HEVM TVSWIHYV YRXYO QIPEOWEREOER TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM WIVXE QIQYPEM XMRHEOERYRXYOTIRGIKELEREXEYQIQMRMQEPOERTIR]MQTERKERXIVWIFYX %R[EV ,EHM 7MWXIQQERENIQIRQYXYQIRYRXYXPEFSVEXSVMYQYRXYOQIRYRNYO WISVERK WXEJ ]ERK FIVXERKKYRK NE[EF WIFEKEM QERENIV QYXY (ITYXM QERENIV NYKE HMFIRXYO YRXYO QIRKERXMWMTEWM TIVWSRIP ]ERK FIVLEPERKER 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRYRNYO WISVERK TIR]IPME ]ERK QEQTY YRXYO QIPEOYOER FMQFMRKER XIVLEHET OMRIVNE OIKMEXER PEFSVEXSVMYQ 4IR]IPME ]ERK QIQEHEM YQYQR]E QIQMPMOM VEWMS EVXMR]E WISVERK TIR]IPME QIPEOYOER FMQFMRKER XIVLEHET SVERK]ERKQIRNEHMXERKKYRKNE[EFR]E
3.
Independensi Laboratorium 0EFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQMPMOMMRHITIRHIRWMEVXMR]EPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQMPMOM TIRKEXYVER YRXYO QIQEWXMOER QERENIQIR HER TIVWSRIPR]E FIFEW HEVM TIRKEVYLXIOEREROSQIVWMEPOIYERKERXIOERERMRXIVREPHERXIOERERIOWXIVREP ]ERK HETEX QIQTIRKEVYLM XIVLEHET QYXY OIVNE QIVIOE 1IRNE[EF XYRXYXER tersebut maka laboratorium harus membuat ”Pernyataan Kesepakatan Bersama Independensi Personel Laboratorium” yang merupakan bagian dari dokumentasi WMWXIQQERENIQIRQYXYPEFSVEXSVMYQ
B. Manajemen Laboratorium 1.
Sistem Manajemen 3VKERMWEWMPEFSVEXSVMYQTIVPYHMEVELOERHERHMOIRHEPMOERWIGEVEWMWXIQEXMWHER XVERWTEVER EKEV FMWE FIVLEWMP /IFIVLEWMPER HETEX HMGETEM QIPEPYM TIRKMQTPIQIRXEWMERHERTIQIPMLEVEERWMWXIQQERENIQIRQYXY]ERKHMHIWEMR
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
213
YRXYO WIPEPY QIQTIVFEMOM IJIOXMJMXEW HER IJMWMIRWM OIRIVNER]E WEQFMP QIQTIVXMQFERKOEROIFYXYLERWIQYETMLEO]ERKFIVOITIRXMRKER %R[EV,EHM &IVHEWEVOER72- XIVHETEXHIPETERHEWEVQERENIQIRQYXY ]ERKHETEXHMTEOEMSPILQERENIQIRTYRGEOYRXYOQIQMQTMRSVKERMWEWMOIEVEL TIVFEMOER OMRIVNE EHEPEL JSOYW TEHE TIPERKKER OITIQMQTMRER TIPMFEXER TIVWSRIP TIRHIOEXER TVSWIW TIRHIOEXER WMWXIQ TEHE QERENIQIR TIVFEMOER FIVOIWMREQFYRKER TIRHIOEXER JEOXE TEHE TIRKEQFMPER OITYXYWER HER LYFYRKER]ERKWEPMRKQIRKYRXYRKOERHIRKERTIQEWSO Kebijakan Mutu
Sasaran Mutu
Sistem Manajemen Mutu
Gambar 116. Hubungan Sistem Manajemen Mutu, Sasaran Mutu dan Kebijakan Mutu
1IRYVYXKEQFEVHMEXEW 7YQFIV -73-)' 7MWXIQQERENIQIRQYXY HMKYREOER YRXYO QIRKEVELEOER HER QIRKIRHEPMOER SVKERMWEWM HEPEQ LEP QYXY 7EWEVER QYXY FIVMWM XIRXERK WIWYEXY ]ERK HMGEVM FIVOEMXER HIRKER QYXY PEFSVEXSVMYQ /IFMNEOER QYXY QIVYTEOER QEOWYH HER EVELER WIGEVE QIR]IPYVYL WIFYEL SVKERMWEWM ]ERK XIVOEMX HIRKER QYXY /IFMNEOER QYXY HER WEWEVER QYXY PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMOSQYRMOEWMOER HIRKER NIPEW WILMRKKE WIQYE TIVWSRIP TEHE WIXMETXMRKOEXERHETEXQIQFIVMOERWYQFERKERYRXYOQIRGETEMXYNYERSVKERMWEWM /IFMNEOER QYXY HER WEWEVER QYXY LEVYW HMXIXETOER SPIL QERENIV TYRGEO HER HMHSOYQIRXEWMOER 2.
Pengendalian Dokumen 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRIXETOER HER QIQIPMLEVE TVSWIHYV YRXYO QIRKIRHEPMOER WIQYE HSOYQIR ]ERK QIVYTEOER FEKMER HEVM WMWXIQ QERENIQIR HMFYEX WIGEVE MRXIVREP EXEY HEVM WYQFIV IOWXIVREP WITIVXM TIVEXYVER WXERHEV EXEY HSOYQIR RSVQEXMJPEMRQIXSHITIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWMHIQMOMERNYKEKEQFEVTIVERKOEX PYREO WTIWMJMOEWM MRWXVYOWM HER TERHYER (SOYQIR HETEX FIVYTE TIVR]EXEER OIFMNEOER TVSWIHYV WTIWMJMOEWM XEFIPOEPMFVEWM KVEJMO FYOY XIOW TSWXIV GEXEXER
214
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIQS TIVERKOEX PYREO KEQFEV VIRGERE HPP (SOYQIR XIVWIFYX HETEX HEPEQ FIVFEKEM QIHME FEMO FIVYTE GIXEOER EXEY IPIOXVSRMO HER QYRKOMR HEPEQ FIRXYO HMKMXEP EREPSK JSXSKVEJMO EXEY XIVXYPMW /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM 2EWMSREP &IVMOYX EHEPEL KEQFEV +EQFEV ,MIVEVOM (SOYQIRXEWM 7MWXIQ 1ERENIQIR 1YXY 7YQFIV -73-)' Kebijakan Mutu Berisi kebijakan, tujuan, dan sistem manajemen mutu
Panduan mutu Mengapa (Tingkat 1)
Berisi pelaksanaan rangkaian kegiatan operasional laboratorium
Siapa, apa,kapan, dimana (Tingkat 2)
Berisi tahapan kegiatan operasional laboratorium
Baiagmana (Tingkat 3)
Pembuktian bahwa kegiatan operasional laboratorium telah dilaksanakan
Rekaman (Tingkat 4)
Prosedur pelaksanaan
Instruksi kerja
Formulir dan dokumen pendukung
Gambar 117. Hierarki Dokumentasi Sistem Manajemen Mutu
0ERKOELE[EPHEVMTIQFYEXERTERHYERQYXYEHEPELQERENIQIRPEFSVEXSVMYQEXEY QERENIVTYRGEOQIRIXETOERXMQTIR]YWYRTERHYERQYXY]ERKQI[EOMPMWIXMETYRMX EXEYFEKMERHEPEQPEFSVEXSVMYQWIVXENEH[EPTIR]IPIWEMERR]E8MQTIR]YWYRLEVYW QIRKYQTYPOERHEXE HERHSOYQIR]ERKFIVLYFYRKERHIRKERYRWYVYRWYVWMWXIQ QERENIQIRQYXY4IPEOWEREOERTIQFYEXERTERHYERQYXYFIVMOYXMRMQIVYTEOER WIOYVERKOYVERKR]E YRWYVYRWYV TVSWIHYV TIPEOWEREER XYNYER VYERK PMRKOYT EGYER HIJMRMWM XERKYRKK NE[EF XELETER VIOEQER HER PEQTMVER 7IQYE HSOYQIRXEWMWMWXIQQERENIQIRQYXY]ERKFIVPEOYHMPEFSVEXSVMYQHMTIPMLEVESPIL TIRKIRHEPM HSOYQIR HEPEQ WYEXY HEJXEV MRHYO HSOYQIRXEWM WMWXIQ QYXY (EJXEV XIVWIFYX FIVMWM WIRYE HSOYQIRXEWM WMWXIQ QYXY ]ERK QIPMTYXM TERHYER QYXY TVSWIHYVTIPEOWEREERMRWXVYOWMOIVNEJSVQYPMVHERHSOYQIRTIRHYOYRKHMXIVETOER HM PEFSVEXSVMYQ 2SQSV HSOYQIR WIVXE REQE TIVWSRIP ]ERK QIRIVMQE HER QIRIVETOERFEKMERHEVMHSOYQIRXEWMWMWXIQQYXYLEVYWHMGERXYQOERHEPEQHEJXEV XIVWIFYX %R[EV,EHM 3.
Kaji Ulang Permintaan Tender dan Kontrak 1IRYVYX %R[EV ,EHM OENM YPERK TIVQMRXEER XIRHIV HER OSRXVEO LEVYW HMPEOYOERSPILPEFSVEXSVMYQYRXYOQIQEWXMOERFEL[EOIKMEXERPEFSVEXSVMYQWIWYEM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
215
HIRKER OIFYXYLER TIPERKKER EXEY TMLEO PEMR ]ERK FIVOITIRXMRKER /ENM YPERK TIVQMRXEER XIRHIV HER OSRXVEO HEPEQ TIPEOWEREERR]E HMPEOYOER FEMO WIGEVE EHQMRMWXVEWM QEYTYR WIGEVE XIORMW 4IVW]EVEXER XIORMW XIVHETEX FIFIVETE EWTIO ]ERK HMOENM YPERK HMERXEVER]E OENM YPERK TIVWSRIP OENM YPERK QIXSHI TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM OENM YPERK OSRHMWM EOSQSHEWM HER PMRKOYRKER OENM YPERK TIVEPEXER OENM YPERK TIRKIRHEPMER QYXY HER TIRNEQMRER QYXY OENM YPERK FELER OMQME HEROENMYPERKXYKEWVYXMR 4.
Subkontrak Pengujian dan/atau Kalibrasi ,EWMPHEVMOENMYPERKFEMOWIGEVEEHQMRMWXVEWMQEYTYRXIORMWQIRYRNYOOERFEL[E PEFSVEXSVMYQ XMHEO HETEX QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER XIORMW QIRYRNYOOER FEL[E PEFSVEXSVMYQXMHEO HETEXQIQIRYLMTIVQMRXEERXIRHIVEXEYOSRXVEOPEFSVEXSVMYQ MXY LEVYW QIPEOYOER WYFOSRXVEO TIOIVNEER OITEHE WYFOSRXVEOXSV ]ERK WYHEL QIQIRYLM WXERHEV -73-)' LEP MRM HMQEOWYHOER EKEV LEWMP YNM PEFSVEXSVMYQ HETEX ZEPMH 7YFOSRXVEOXSV HETEX HMTMPML HIRKER QIRKKYREOER HYE QIXSHITIVXEQEHIRKERHMFYOXMOERSPILEHER]EWIVXMJMOEX-73-)' ]ERK HMQMPMOM WYFOSRXVEOXSV XIVTMPML OIHYE NMOE WYFOSRXVEOXSV FIPYQ XIVEOVIHMXEWM QEOE HMPEOYOER EYHMX XIVLEHET WMWXIQ QERENIQIR ]ERK HMXIVETOER HEPEQ QIPEOYOER OIKMEXERTIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWM,EP]ERKLEVYWHMTIVLEXMOERWIFIPYQQIPEOYOER TIVWIXYNYERHIRKERWYFOSRXVEOXSVEHEPELPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQFYEXTIVNERNMER WIGEVE XIVXYPMW HIRKER WYFOSRXVEOXSV NMOE TIVNERNMER HMPEOYOER WIGEVE PMWER QEOE PEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIVIOEQTIVWIXYNYERHIRKERWYFOSRXVEOXSVXIVWIFYX
5.
Pembelian Jasa dan Perbekalan 4VSWIHYV]ERKHMKYREOERHEPEQQERENIQIRTIQFIPMERNEWEHERTIVFIOEPERERXEVE PEMR TVSWIHYVTIQFIPMERTVSWIHYVTIRIVMQEERHERTVSWIHYVTIR]MQTERERFELER ]ERK HMKYREOER HEPEQ TIRKYNMER HM HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ 0EFSVEXSVMYQ WIFIPYQ QIPEOYOERTIQIWERERFELERHEREPEXPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIPEOYOERIZEPYEWMHER QIQMPMLTIQEWSOLEPMRMFIVXYNYEREKEVFELERHEREPEXHEVMTIQEWSOFIREVFIREV QIQMPMOM OYEPMXEW ]ERK HM WXERHEVOER SPIL PEFSVEXSVMYQ &ELER HER EPEX ]ERK FIVOYPMXEWXIRXYR]EEOERQIQTIRKEVYLMLEWMPHEVMTIRKYNMERPEFSVEXSVMYQHMERXEVE OIKMEXERIZEPYEWMHERTIQMPMLERTIQEWSOEHEPEL QIQMPMLTIQEWSOFELERHER EPEX]ERKWYHELQIRIVETOERWMWXIQQERENIQIRQYXYWIWYEMHIRKERK72- EXEY-73 ETEFMPETIQEWSOFIPYQQIQMPMOMWIVXMJMOEX-73QEOE PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIPEOYOER MRWTIOWM XIVLEHET TIQEWSO YRXYO QIRKIXELYM XIRXERK JEWMPMXEW WMWXIQ TIPE]ERER TIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXY ]ERK HMXIVETOERSPILTIQEWSO1IRYVYX%R[EV,EHM EHEFIFITEVELEP]ERKLEVYW HMTIVXMQFERKOER HEPEQ QIPEOYOER IZEPYEWM XIVLEHET TIQEWSO HMERXEVRE]E
216
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
NEQMRER QYXY TVSHYO OIXITEXER TIRKMVMQER TVSHYO OSQYRMOEWM ERXEVE PEFSVEXSVMYQHIRKERTIQEWSOTIPE]ERERTYVRENYEPTIRERKERERTIRKEHYERHER LEVKETVSHYO a.
Pelayanan Kepada Pelanggan &IVHEWEVOER -73 TIVW]EVEXER TIPERKKER EHEPEL OIFYXYLER EXEY LEVETER ]ERK HMR]EXEOER SPIL TIPERKKER FMEWER]E XIVWMVEX EXEY [ENMF ;EPEYTYR TIVW]EVEXER TIPERKKER XIPEL XIVTIRYLM LEP MRM XMHEO WIPEPY QIQEWXMOERXMRKKMR]EOITYEWERTIPERKKER4IPERKKEREOERHMEQHERQIQMPML XMHEO OIQFEPM PEKM OI PEFSVEXSVMYQETEFMPE TIPERKKER OYVERK TYEW XIVLEHET TIPE]ERER PEFSVEXSVMYQ YQYQR]E /IEHEER MRM NMOE XIVNEHM QEOE WERKEX QYRKOMRTIPERKKEREOERTMRHELOIPEFSVEXSVMYQPEMRHEREOERQIRGIVMXEOER OIXMHEOTYEWER MXY OITEHE TIPERKKER PEMR 7YVZIM OITYEWER TIPERKKER HMERNYVOER YRXYO HMPEOWEREOER YRXYO QIQFIVMOER TIPE]ERER ]ERK STXMQEP OITEHE TIPERKKER 4IRKYOYVER OITYEWER TIPERKKER EOER PIFML IJIOXMJ NMOE HMPEOYOER HIRKER [E[ERGEVE PERKWYRK QIPEPYM XIPITSR EXEY IQEMP EXEY FMWE NYKEHIRKERQIQFEKMOERERKOIX
b.
Pengaduan 4IRKEHYER EHEPEL WYEXY TIVR]EXEER FEMO WIGEVE PMWER QEYTYR XYPMWER EXEW OIXMHEOWIWYEMER ERXEVE LEVETER TIPERKKER HIRKER TIPE]ERER ]ERK HMFIVMOER SPILPEFSVEXSVMYQ/ITIVGE]EERTIPERKKERXIVLEHETPEFSVEXSVMYQHETEXEKEV XIVNEKEQEOELEVYWHMPEOYOERTIRERKERERTIRKEHYERHIRKERWIKIVE&IVMOYX PERKOELPERKOEL ]ERK LEVYW HMPEOYOER SPIL PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIRYVYX -73-)' QIR]MQTERVIOEQER]ERKFIVLYFYRKERHIRKERTIRKEHYER QIPEOYOERMRZIWXMKEWMYRXYOQIQYXYWOERETEOELTIRKEHYERXIVWIFYXZEPMH NMOE XIVFYOXM XIRXYOER EOEV TIR]IFEF TIVQEWEPELER MXY WILMRKKE XMRHEOER TIVFEMOERHETEXHMPEOYOER QIR]MQTERHERQIQIPMLEVEVIOEQERXMRHEOER TIVFEMOER XIVWIFYX HER NMOE TIRKEHYER XMHEO ZEPMH XMRHEOER TIRGIKELER HMTIVPYOER YRXYO ERXMWMTEWM TIRKEHYER 4IRIRXYER EOEV TIR]IFEF QEWEPEL EOERPIFMLQYHELNOEQIRKKYREOERcause and effectEXEYfish bone diagram
6.
Pengendalian Pekerjaan Laboratorium Yang Tidak Sesuai 1ERENIVXIORMWFIVWEQEWEQETIVWSRIPXIVOEMXLEVYWQIPEOYOERMHIRXMJMOEWMYRXYO QIRGEVM EOEV TIVQEWEPELER WIOEPMKYW QIRGEVM WSPYWMR]E ETEFMPE XIVHETEX OIXMHEOWIWYEMER LEWMP TIRKYNMER HIRKER TVSWIHYV ]ERK XIPEL HMXIXETOER PEFSVEXSVMYQ 1ERENIV XIORMW HETEX QIRKKLIRXMOER TIOIVNEER TIRKYNMER YRXYO WIQIRXEVE[EOXYETEFMPETIOIVNEERTIRKYNMERHMPEFSVEXSVMYQHETEXQIQTIRKEVYLM QYXYHEXELEWMPTIRKYNMER&IVWEQEERHIRKERLEPXIVWIFYXQERENIVXIORMWFIVWEQE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
217
TIVWSRIPXIVOEMXTIXYKEWOEPMFVEWMHITYXMQERENIVXIORMWNMOEQIQYRKOMROERWIVXE QERENIV QYXY FMPE HMTIVPYOER QIPEOYOER IZEPYEWM XIVLEHET WMKRMJMOERWM OIXMHEOWIWYEMERTIOIVNEERTIRKYNMERHMPEFSVEXSVMYQ 1IRYVYX%R[EV,EHM IZEPYEWMHMPEOYOERHIRKERGEVEWIFEKEMFIVMOYX 1IRGSGSOOER TIVW]EVEXER FEXEW OIFIVXIVMQEER ]ERK XIPEL HMXIXETOER SPIL PEFSVEXSVMYQHEREXEYTIPERKKERWIVXETMLEXPEMR]ERKFIVOITIRXMRKERHIRKER TIOIVNEERTIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWM]ERKQIRKEPEQMOIXMHEOWIWYEMER 1IPEOYOER TIQIVMOWEER XIVLEHET OIFMNEOER TVSWIHYV HSOYQIR HIRKER TIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWM]ERKXMHEOWIWYEM 1IPEOWEREOERTIVFERHMRKERHIRKERHEXE]ERKIOYMZEPIR ,EWMPIZEPYEWMNMOEQIRYRNYOOERFEL[ETIOIVNEERTIRKYNMERHEROEPMFVEWM]ERKXMHEO WIWYEM FIREVFIREV XIVNEHM QEOE QERENIV XIORMW LEVYW QIRKERXMWMTEWM OIXIVPEQFEXER PETSVER TIRKYNMER EXEY WIVXMJMOEX OEPMFVEWM /IXMOE XIVNEHM OIXIVPEQFEXERTIRIVFMXERPETSVEREXEYWIVXMJMOEXOEPMFVEWMQEOEPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYW QIQFIVMXELY OITEHE TIPERKKER 4IOIVNEER TIRKYNMER ]ERK XMHEO WIWYEM ETEFMPE HMXIQYOER WIXIPEL TIR]IVELER PETSVER EXEY WIVXMJMOEX QEOE QERENIV XIORMW LEVYW QIPEOYOER XMRHEOER ]ERK WIWYEM HIRKER IJIO TSXIRWMEP EOMFEX OIXMHEOWIWYEMER XIVWIFYX %R[EV ,EHM 4VSWIHYV XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER LEVYW HMMOYXM ETEFMPE OIXMHEOWIWYEMER XIXET XIVNEHM OIQFEPM EXEY EHER]E OIVEKYER XIVLEHET LEWMP HEVM TIOIVNEERPEFSVEXSVMYQ /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP 7.
Peningkatan Berkelanjutan 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRMRKOEXOER IJIOXMZMXEW WMWXIQ QERENIQIR WIGEVE FIVOIPERNYXER QIPEPYM TIRKKYREER OIFMNEOER QYXY WEWEVER QYXY LEWMP EYHMX EREPMWMW HEXE XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER HER TIRGIKELER WIVXE OENM YPERK QERENIQIR /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM 2EWMSREP 7MOPYW TIRMRKOEXER FIVOIPERNYXER QIPMTYXM IQTEX XELETER ]EMXY QIVIRGEREOER QIRKIVNEOER QIQIVMOWE HER QIPEOYOER XMRHEOER (plan, do, check, act) 7MOPYW TIRMRKOEXER FIVOIPERNYXER WIGEVE HMEKVEQ HETEXHMKEQFEVOERWITIVXMHMFE[ELMRM 7YQFIV /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP
218
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
LAKUKAN TINDAKAN
RENCANAKAN Lakukan tindakan Tentukan tujuian perbaikan yang dan sasaran tepat
Lakukan tindakan pencegahan yang tepat Periksa pengaruh penerapannya secara tertulis
Program Peningkatan Berkelanjutan
Periksa pengaruh penerapannya secara manajemen
Tentukan metode untuk mencapai tujan dan sasaran Selengarakan pendidikan dan pelatihan
Terapkan rencana yang telah ditetapkan
PERIKSA
KERJAKAN
Gambar 118. Diagram Siklus Peningkatan Berkelajutan
4IVERER QERENIV PEFSVEXSVMYQ HEPEQ QIRNEPER TIRMRKOEXER FIVOIPERNYXER WERKEX ZMXEP LEP MRM HMOEVIREOER HEPEQ WMWXIQ TIRMRKOEXER FIVOIPERNYXER HMFYXYLOER OSSVHMREXSV]ERKFIVXYKEWQIRKSRXVSPWIKEPEEWTIOYRXYOQIRGETEMOIFIVLEWMPER WMWXIQQERENIQIRQYXY1ERENIVTYRGEOSPILOEVIREMXYLEVYWQEQTYQIRNEQMR OSQYRMOEWMIJIOXMJHIRKERWIQYETIVWSRIPPEFSVEXSVMYQ 8.
Tindakan Perbaikan 7MWXIQQERENIQIRQYXYPEFSVEXSVMYQ-73-)' QIRIVERKOERXMRHEOER TIVFEMOER HMPEOYOER OEVIRE EHER]E OIXMHEOWIWYEMER ]ERK XIVHETEX HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ /IXMHEOWIWYEMER MRM HMWIFEFOER SPIL WEPEL WEXY EXEY KEFYERKER ERXEVE EWTIO OIXMHEOQIRKIVXMER WIPYVYL TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ EWTIO HSOYQIR QYXY EWTIO WYQFIVHE]E PEFSVEXSVMYQ HER EWTIO WMOET HER TIVMPEOY TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ 7IWYEM HIRKER TIVW]EVEXER ]ERKXIVXYERK HM HEPEQ -73-)' XIVHETEXIQTEXXELETERXMRHEOERTIVFEMOER]EMXY EREPMWMWTIR]IFEF TIQMPMLER HER TIPEOWEREER XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER TIQERXEYER XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER HER EYHMX XEQFELER /IXMHEOWIWYEMER WEEX XIVNEHM HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ FEMO HEPEQ WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QEYTYR XIORMW PEFSVEXSVMYQ QEOE XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER LEVYW WIKIVE HMPEOYOER &IVMOYX HMFE[EL MRM QIVYTEOER XEFIP OIXMHEOWIWYEMER HER XMRHEOER TIVFEMOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
219
Tabel 21. Ketidaksesuaian dan Tindakan Perbaikan
Ketidaksesuaian
Tindakan Perbaikan
6IOEQERXIORMWHEREXEY
QYXYXMHEOPIRKOET
/ENMYPERKHEREXEYEQERHIQIRJSVQEX JSVQYPMVEXEYHSOYQIRTIRHYOYRKXIVOEMX HIRKERVIOEQERXIORMWEXEYVIOEQERQYXY
4IVMRKEXEROITEHETIVWSRIP]ERK FIVWERKOYXER
7SWMEPMWEWMXIRXERKTIQELEQERTIRXMRKR]E QEPEOYOERVIOEQEROITEHETIVWSRIPXIVOEMX
(SOYQIRWMWXIQQYXY
%QERHIQIRHSOYQIRXIVOEMX
OEHEPYEVWE
8EVMOHERQYWRELOERHSOYQIROEHEPYEVWE
7SWMEPMWEWMHSOYQIRQYXEOMVOITEHEWIPYVYL TIVWSRIPXIVOEMX
4IVEPEXERQIQFIVMOERLEWMP
]ERKQIRGYVMKEOER
-WSPEWMHERFIVMPEFIP]ERKQIR]EXEOEREPEX XMHEOFSPILHMKYREOER
4IVFEMOMHEROEPMFVEMWMLMRKKEQIRYRNYOOER OIFIREVERYRNYOOIVNER]E
4IVWSRIPXMHEOOSQTIXIR
HEPEQQIPEOYOERTIRKYNMER HMPEFSVEXSVMYQ
0EOYOERTIPEXMLEROITEHETIVWSRIP FIVWERKOYXER
)ZEPYEWMIJIOXMZMXEWHERIJMWMIRWMTIPEXMLERHER PEOYOERTIQERXEYERXIVLEHETTIVWSRIP XIVWIFYX
0EOYOERTIR]IPMEERXIVLEHETTIVWSRIP XIVWIFYX
/SRHMWMEOSQSHEWMHER
PMRKOYRKERXMHEOQIQEHELM WIGEVEXIORMW
(SOYQIRXEWMOERTIVW]EVEXERXIORMWYRXYO QIQTIRKEVYLMLEWMPTIRKYNMER
4EWXMOEROSRHMWMPMRKOYRKERXMHEO QIQTIRKEVYLMOIXMHEOEFWELERLEWMP TIRKYNMER
0EOYOERTIQERXEYERTIRKIRHEPMERHER TIVIOEQEROSRHMWMEOSQSHEWMHER PMRKOYRKER
4EWXMOEROIVYQELXERKKEER]ERKFEMOHEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ
9.
220
Tindakan Pencegahan
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TIRKYNMER
0EOYOERTIQERXEYERTIRKIRHEPMERHER TIVIOEQEROSRHMWMEOSQSHEWMHER PMRKOYRKER
4EWXMOEROIVYQELXERKKEER]ERKFEMOHEPEQ 1IRYVYX%R[EV,EHM XMRHEOERTIRGIKELERQIVYTEOERWYEXYTVSWIWTVSEOXMJ PEFSVEXSVMYQ YRXYOQIRKMHIRXMJMOEWMOIWIQTEXERQIPEOYOERTIRMRKOEXERHEVMTEHEWYEXYVIEOWM 9. Tindakan Pencegahan YRXYOQIRKMHIRXMJMOEWMQEWEPELEXEYTIRKEHYER 1IRYVYX%R[EV,EHM XMRHEOERTIRGIKELERQIVYTEOERWYEXYTVSWIWTVSEOXMJ YRXYOQIRKMHIRXMJMOEWMOIWIQTEXERQIPEOYOERTIRMRKOEXERHEVMTEHEWYEXYVIEOWM 8MRHEOER TIRGIKELER QIPMTYXM FIFIVETE XELET ]EMXY OENM YPERK TVSWIHYV YRXYOQIRKMHIRXMJMOEWMQEWEPELEXEYTIRKEHYER STIVEWMSREPEREPMWMWHEXEEREPMWMWOIGIRHIVYRKERHEREREPMWMWVIWMOSWIVXELEWMPYNM FERHMRK TVSJIWMIRWM /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP 8MRHEOER TIRGIKELER QIPMTYXM FIFIVETE XELET ]EMXY OENM YPERK TVSWIHYV a. Pengendalian Rekaman STIVEWMSREPEREPMWMWHEXEEREPMWMWOIGIRHIVYRKERHEREREPMWMWVIWMOSWIVXELEWMPYNM 4IRKIRHEPMER VIOEQER TEHE PEFSVEXSVMYQ WERKEX TIRXMRK OEVIRE HIRKER FERHMRK TVSJIWMIRWM /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP EHER]EXELETWMWXIQMRMRERXMEOERFIVKYRENMOEWYEXYWEEXXIVNEHMWYEXYQEWEPEL a. Pengendalian Rekaman HIRKER LEWMP YNM PEFSVEXSVMYQ 6IOEQER NYKE QIVYTEOER FYOXM FEL[E 4IRKIRHEPMER VIOEQER TEHE PEFSVEXSVMYQ WERKEX TIRXMRK OEVIRE HIRKER PEFSVEXSVMYQXIPELQIPEOYOEROIKMXERTIRKYNMER EHER]EXELETWMWXIQMRMRERXMEOERFIVKYRENMOEWYEXYWEEXXIVNEHMWYEXYQEWEPEL HIRKER LEWMP YNM PEFSVEXSVMYQ 6IOEQER NYKE QIVYTEOER FYOXM FEL[E PEFSVEXSVMYQXIPELQIPEOYOEROIKMXERTIRKYNMER No. 1. 2. No. 2. 1. 3. 2. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6. 4. 7. 5. 6. 7.
Nama Peralatan 1INE/SQTYXIV
Tabel 22. Rekam Data Peralatan Bengkel
Spesifikasi
Jumlah
Kondisi Alat Baik/Kurang Baik
Tabel 22. Rekam Data Peralatan Bengkel
/YVWM Baik/Kurang Baik Nama Peralatan Spesifikasi Jumlah Kondisi Alat 4VMRXIV Baik/Kurang Baik 1INE/SQTYXIV Baik/Kurang Baik 0'(4VSNIOXSV Baik/Kurang Baik /YVWM Baik/Kurang Baik ,YF7[MXGL Baik/Kurang Baik 4VMRXIV Baik/Kurang Baik /EFIP Baik/Kurang Baik 0'(4VSNIOXSV Baik/Kurang Baik /SRIOXSV6. Baik/Kurang Baik ,YF7[MXGL Baik/Kurang Baik 7XST/SRXEO Baik/Kurang Baik /EFIP Baik/Kurang Baik /SRIOXSV6. Baik/Kurang Baik &IVHEWEVOER -73 VIOEQER HMHIJMRMWMOER WIFEKEM HSOYQIR ]ERK 7XST/SRXEO Baik/Kurang Baik QIR]EXEOER LEWMP ]ERK HMGETEM EXEY QIQFIVM FYOXM TIPEOWEREER OIKMEXER 6IOEQER HETEX FIVYTE hard copy EXEY QIHME IPIOXVSRMO 6IOEQER HETEX &IVHEWEVOER -73 VIOEQER HMHIJMRMWMOER WIFEKEM HSOYQIR ]ERK HMFIHEOERQIRNEHMHYE]EMXYVIOEQERXIORMWHERVIOEQERQYXY6IOEQERXIOWMW QIR]EXEOER LEWMP ]ERK HMGETEM EXEY QIQFIVM FYOXM TIPEOWEREER OIKMEXER QIVYTEOERHEXEHERMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMLEWMPOERHEVMOIKMEXERTIRKYNMERHMHEPEQ 6IOEQER HETEX FIVYTE hard copy EXEY QIHME IPIOXVSRMO 6IOEQER HETEX PEFSVEXVSVMYQWIHERKOERPIFMLQIVYTEOERLEWMPPETSVERHEVMEYHMXMRXIVREPHER HMFIHEOERQIRNEHMHYE]EMXYVIOEQERXIORMWHERVIOEQERQYXY6IOEQERXIOWMW OENM YPERK QERENIQIR 4IVW]EVEXER YQYQ -73-)' TVSWIHYV QIVYTEOERHEXEHERMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMLEWMPOERHEVMOIKMEXERTIRKYNMERHMHEPEQ TIRKIRHEPMER VIOEQER HMFEKM QIRNEHM XYNYL XELET ]EMXY TIRKYQTYPER PEFSVEXVSVMYQWIHERKOERPIFMLQIVYTEOERLEWMPPETSVERHEVMEYHMXMRXIVREPHER MHIRXMJMOEWM HER TIQFIVMER MRHIOW TIRKEVWMTER HER TIR]MQTERER OENM YPERK QERENIQIR 4IVW]EVEXER YQYQ -73-)' TVSWIHYV TIRKIRHEPMER VIOEQER HMFEKM QIRNEHM XYNYL XELET ]EMXY TIRKYQTYPER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM SEHAT DAN MRHIOW SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S MHIRXMJMOEWM HER YANG TIQFIVMER TIRKEVWMTER
HER TIR]MQTERER
221
TIQFYEXER GEHERKER HER TIRKEOWIWER OSVIOWM TIVPMRHYRKER HER TIQIPMLEVEER HER TIQYWRELER /IWEHEVER TIVWSRIP TIRERKKYRK NE[EF TILMXYRKER OIQFEPM ZIVMJMOEWM HEXE TIVPY HMXMRKOEXOER YRXYO QIQMRMQEPMWEWM OIWEPELERTEHETIRKIRHEPMERVIOEQER b.
Audit Internal &IVHEWEVOER -73 EYHMX EHEPEL WYEXY TVSWIW WMXIQEXMW QERHMVM HER XIVHSOYQIRXEWMYRXYOQIQTIVSPILFYOXMEYHMXHERQIRKIZEPYWMWIGEVESFNIOXMJ YRXYO QIRIRXYOER WINEYL QERE OVMXIVME EYHMX XIPEL HMTIRYLM %YHMX MRXIVREP PEFSVEXSVMYQ HETEX HMEVXMOER WIFEKEM WYEXY TVSWIW ]ERK HMQMPMOM PEFSVEXSVMYQ YRXYO QIQERXEY TIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXYR]E HIRKER TIRMPEMER WMWXIQEXMWHERQERHMVMYRXYOQIRIXETOERETEOELOIKMEXERQYXYHERLEWMP]ERK FIVOEMXER WIWYEM HIRKER TIRKEXYVER ]ERK HMVIRGEREOER WIVXE ETEOEL TIRKEXYVERTIRKEXYVER XIVWIFYX WIGEVE IJIOXMJ HER WIWYEM YRXYO QIRGETEM XYNYER%YHMXMRXIVREPHMQEOWYHOERYRXYOQIRKERXMWMTEWMOIWXMHEOWIWYEMER]ERK XIVNEHM HEPEQ TIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXY 1ERJEEX ]ERK HMTIVSPIL HIRKEREHER]EEYHMXMRXIVREPHMERXEVER]EWIFEKEMTIQIVMOWEETEOELTIRIVETER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXY HM PEFSVEXSVMYQ XIPEL QIQIRYLM WXERHEV -73-)' ]ERKHMKYREOERWIFEKEMEGYEREOVIHMXEWMPEFSVEXSVMYQHERYRXYO QIRMPEMOIWMETERQIRKLEHETMEYHMXIOWXIVREPHEVMFEHEREOVIHMXEWM 4IPEOWEREER EYHMX MRXIVREP XIVHMVM HEVM XMKE TVSWIW ]EMXY pertama perencanaan audit internal TEHE TVSWIW MRM QERENIV QYXY LEVYW QIRIXETOER PMRKOYT EYHMX QIRIXETOER XERKKEP [EOXY HER PEQER]E EYHMX MRXIVREP QIR]METOER HSOYQIR OIVNE]ERKFIVOEMXERHIRKEREYHMXMRXIVREPOIQYHMER]ERKXIVEOLMVQERENIVQYXY LEVYW QIQEWXMOER TIQELEQER OITEHE XMQ EYHMX Proses kedua setelah perencanaan audit adalah persiapan audit HEPEQ TVSWIW MRM EYHMXSV LEVYW QIRKLYFYRKM EYHMXM QIQTIPENEVM HSOYQIR XIVOEMX QIQTIVWMETOER HEJXEV TIVMOWE EYHMX MRXIVREP HER QIRKLYFYRKM OIQFEPM EYHMXM YRXYO QIQEWXMOER OIQFEPM QIRKIREM XERKKEP [EOXY HER PEQE TIPEOWEREER EYHMX Proses ketiga adalah pelaksanaan audit internalMXYWIRHMVMEHETYRTIPEOWEREEREYHMXMRXIVREP QIPMTYXM TIVXIQYERTIQFYOEER TIQIVMOWEERHSOYQIRXEWMWMWXIQQERENIQIR QYXY HER TIRIVETER OIKMEXERR]E TIVXIQYER XMQ EYHMXSV HER TIVXIQYER TIRYXYTER
222
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4IVW]EVEXER YQYQ -73-)' :IVWM &ELEWE -RHSRIWME QIR]EXEOER FEL[E WIXIPEL TIPEOWEREER EYHMX MRXIVREP FMPE XIQYER EYHMX QIRMQFYPOER OIVEKYERTEHEIJIOXMZMXEWOIKMEXEREXEYTEHEOIFIREVEREXEYOIEFWELERLEWMP TIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWMPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIPEOYOERXMRHEOERTIVFEMOERTEHE [EOXYR]E HER LEVYW QIQFIVMXELY GYWXSQIV WIGEVE XIVXYPMW FMPE TIR]IPMHMOER QIQTIVPMLEXOERLEWMPPEFSVEXSVMYQQYRKOMRXIPELXIVTIRKEVYL 1.
Kaji Ulang Manajemen /ENMYPERKQERENIQIRQIVYTEOEROIKMEXERXIVOSSVHMREWMYRXYOQIRKEVELOERHER QIRKIRHEPMOER SVKERMWEWM WILMRKKE TIQIRYLER OIWIWYEMER WIGEVE IJIOXMJ HER IJMWMIR HETEX XIVGETEM HMHEWEVOER WYQFIV HE]E ]ERK EHE YRXYO QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER WMWXIQ QERENIQIR QYXY TIPERKKER QEYTYR QIXSHI HER TIVEXYVER ]ERK FIVPEOY %R[EV ,EHM -73-)' QIQMPMOM HYE TIVW]EVEXER ]EMXY TIVW]EVEXER QERENIQIR HER TIVW]EVEXER XIORMW 1EWMRKQEWMRK HEVM TIVW]EVEXERXIVWIFYXXIVFEKMQIRNEHMFIFIVETEEWTIO]ERKLEVYWHMXIVETOERTEHE PEFSVEXSVMYQ&IVMOYXEOEROEQMNIPEWOERFIFIVETEEWTIOTIVW]EVEXERXIORMW-73-)' a. Persyaratan Umum &IVFEKEM JEOXSV QIRIRXYOER OIFIREVER HER OILERHEPER TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM]ERKHMPEOYOERSPILPEFSVEXSVMYQ*EOXSVJEOXSVXIVWIFYXQIPMTYXM JEOXSV QERYWME OSRHMWM EOSQSHEWM HER PMRKOYRKER QIXSHI TIRKYNMER HER QIXSHI OEPMFVEWM HER ZEPMHEWM QIXSHI TIVEPEXER OIXIVXIPYWYVER TIRKYOYVER TIRKEQFMPERWEQTIPTIRERKERERFEVERK]ERKHMYNMHERHMOEPMFVEWM/SRXVMFYWM QEWMRKQEWMRKJEOXSVXIVLEHETOIXMHEOTEWXMERTIRKYOYVERXSXEPFIVFIHETEHE NIRMWHEVM TIRKYNMER]ERKWEXYHER]ERKPEMRR]EHERTEHE NIRMWHEVM OEPMFVEWM ]ERKWEXYHER]ERKPEMRR]E0EFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQTIVLMXYRKOERJEOXSVJEOXSV XIVWIFYXHEPEQQIRKIQFERKOERQIXSHIHERTVSWIHYVTIRKYNMERWIVXETVSWIHYV OEPMFVEWM HEPEQ TIPEXMLER HER OYEPMJMOEWM TIVWSRIP HER HEPEQ TIQMPMLER HER OEPMFVEWMTIVEPEXER]ERKHMKYREOER /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP b. Personel 1ERENIQIRPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQEWXMOEROSQTIXIRWMWIQYETIVWSRIP]ERK QIRKSTIVEWMOER TIVEPEXER XIVXIRXY QIPEOYOER TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM QIRKIZEPYEWM LEWMP HER QIRERHEXERKERM PETSVER TIRKYNMER HER WIVXMJMOEX OEPMFVEWM4IR]IPMEER]ERKWIWYEMLEVYWHMFIVMOERETEFMPEQIQTIVOIVNEOERWXEJ ]ERKWIHERKQIRNEPERMTIPEXMLER4IVWSRIP]ERKQIPEOYOERXYKEWXIVXIRXYLEVYW QIQTYR]EM OYEPMJMOEWM FIVHEWEVOER TIRHMHMOER TIPEXMLER TIRKEPEQER ]ERK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
223
WIWYEM HEREXEY OIXVEQTMPER ]ERK HMXYRNYOOER /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM 2EWMSREP -73-)' QIRYRXYX WIXMET TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIQMPMOM TVSJIWMSREPMXEW XIVLEHET FMHERKR]E QEWMRKQEWMRK 4IRMRKOEXER OSQTIXIRWM NYKE HMXYRXYX YRXYO QIREQFEL TIRKIXELYER HER OIQEQTYER TIVWSRIP QEOE QERENIQIR LEVYW QIQFIVMOER TIVER WIVXE TIVWSRIP HEPEQ TIVXIQYER XIORMW PSOEOEV]E WIQMREV FIVTEVXMWMTEWM HEPEQ OIKMEXER WXERHEVMWEWM WIVXE OIKMEXER PEMR ]ERK FIVXYNYER YRXYO QIRMRKOEXOER OSQTIXIRWM TIVWSRIP 1ERENIQIR PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIVYQYWOER WEWEVER TIRHMHMOER TIPEXMLER HER OIXIVEQTMPER HEVM TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQTYR]EM OIFMNEOER HER TVSWIHYV YRXYO QIRKMHIRXMJMOEWM TIPEXMLER ]ERK HMFYXYLOER HER QIR]IPIRKKEVEOERTIPEXMLERTIVWSRIP4VSKVEQTIPEXMLERLEVYWVIPIZERHIRKER XYKEW PEFSVEXSVMYQ WIOEVERK HER XYKEW ]ERK HMERXMWMTEWM )JIOXMZMXEW OIKMEXER TIPEXMLER]ERKHMPEOYOERLEVYWHMIZEPYEWM /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP 4IRHMHMOERTIPEXMLERHERTIRKIXELYER]ERKHMFIVMOERQERENIQIRPEFSVEXSVMYQ OITEHE WIXMET TIVWSRIP QIRNEQMR OSQTIXIRWM TIVWSRIP HEPEQ LEP QIRKSTIVEWMOER TIVEPEXER QIPEOWEREOER TIRKYNMER QIRKIZEPYEWM LEWMP TIRKYNMER TIRERHEXERKERER PETSVER TIRKYNMER EXEY WIVXMJMOEX OEPMFVEWM 8YQTERKXMRHMLXERKKYRKNE[EFHER[I[IRERKEKEVXMHEOXIVNEHMPEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRIRXYOER YVEMER XYKEW ]ERK FIVPEOY YRXYO TIVWSRIP QERENIVMEP TIVWSRIP XIORMW HER TIVWSRIP TIRHYOYRK MRXM ]ERK XIVPMFEX HEPEQ TIRKYNMER HM PEFSVEXSVMYQ 9VEMER XYKEW WIOYVERKOYVERKR]E EHEPEL XERKKYRK NE[EF TEHE TIPEOWEREER TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM XERKKYRK NE[EF TEHE TIVIRGEREER TIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWMHERLEWMPIZEPYEWM XERKKYRKNE[EFYRXYOTIPETSVER TIRHETEX HER MRXIVTVIXEWM XERKKYRK NE[EF TEHE QSHMJMOEWM QIXSHI HER TIRKIQFERKERHERZEPMHEWMWIVXEQIXSHIFEVY OIELPMERHERTIRKEPEQER]ERK HMTIVPYOER OYEPMJMOEWM HER TVSKVEQ TIPEXMLER XYKEW QERENIVMEP %R[EV ,EHM c.
Kondisi Akomodasi dan Lingkungan /SRHMWMHERXEXEPIXEO]ERKOYVERKXITEXWIVXEJEWMPMXEWPEFSVEXSVMYQ]ERKOYVERK HMTIPMLEVE HETEX QIRKYVERKM QYXY HER LEWMP TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM OIKMEXER STIVWMSREP OIWIPEQEXER HER OIWILEXER TIVWSRIP WIVXE QIRYVYROER QSVEPMXEW TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ 4IQIPMLEVEER OSRHMWM EOSQSHEWM HER PMRKOYRKER ]ERK FEMO WIPEMR YRXYO QIRGETEM OIEFWELER QYXY HEXE LEWMP
224
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWMNYKEHETEXQIPMRHYRKMTIVWSRIPPEFSVEXSVMYQHEVM FELE]EOINYXPMWXVMOOIFEOEVERWIVXEFELE]EPEMR]ERKXMQFYP %R[EV,EHM 4IVW]EVEXERXIORMWYRXYOEOSQSHEWMPMRKOYRKER]ERKHETEXQIQTIRKEVYLMLEWMP TIRKYNMER HEREXEY OEPMFVEWM LEVYW HMHSOYQIRXEWMOER -73-)' QIQTIVW]EVEXOER FIFIVETE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK TIVPY HMTIVLEXMOER ERXEVE PEMR TIRGELE]EERZIRXMPEWMXIQTIVEXYVHEROIPIQFEFERWYQFIVIRIVKMTIVWIHMEER EMV QINE OIVNE HER EVIE OIVNE TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ 7MWXIQ TIRGELE]EER PEFSVEXSVMYQHETEXQIRKKYREOERTIRGELE]EEREPEQM HIRKERWMREVQEXELEVM HER TIRGELE]EER FYEXER HIRKER PEQTY PMWXVMO 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQTIVLEXMOER FIFIVETE LEP ETEFMPE WMREV QEXELEVM HMKYREOER WIFEKEM TIRGELE]EER]EMXY NERKOEYERGELE]EQEXELEVMHEVMVYERKXITMFIVOMWEVERXEVE QIXIV4IRKKYREERNIRHIPE OEGE]ERKHMWEVEROEREHEPEL WITIVXMKE HEVM PYEW PERXEM VYERKER +IHYRK PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMHIWEMR EKEV GELE]E XIQFYW WMREV QEXELEVM OYVERK HEVM MRXIRWMXEW ;Q 4IRGELE]EER HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ ]ERK HMTIVPYOER FIVOMWEV ERXEVE (lux)EXEY lumens TIV QIXIVTIVWIKMTEHEEVIEOIVNE 7MVOYPEWM YHEVE ]ERK FEMO HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ WERKEX HMFYXYLOER YRXYO MXY WMWXIQ ZIRXMPEWM PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMVERGERK HIRKER FEMO :IRXMPEWM PEFSVEXSVMYQHETEXFIVYTEHMPEOYOERHIRKERQIRKKYREOERZIRXMPEWMEPEQMEXEY QIRKKYREOER %' (air conditioner). /IFYXYLER %' TEHE VYERKER ]ERK HMTIVW]EVEXOER SPIL -73-)' WIFIWEV 4/ YRXYO Q 7IPYVYL WMWXIQZIRXMPEWMPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWHMTERXEYWIOYVERKOYVERKR]EFYPERWIOEPM 8IQTIVEXYVHEROIPIQFEFERTEHEEVIEOLYWYWHMPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWHMOSRXVSP YRXYOQIRNEKEOYEPMXEWLEWMPTIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWM 1ERENIQIRPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQEWXMOERFEL[EWYQFIVIRIVKMGYOYTYRXYO OIKMEXERSTIVEWMSREPR]E0EFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQMPMOMKIRWIXYRXYOGEHERKER IRIVKM ETEFMPE WI[EOXY[EOXY XIVNEHM TIQEHEQER PMWXVMO /IWXEFMPER XIKERKER HER EVYW LEVYW HMOSRXVSP ETEFMPE PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIRKKYREOER TIVEPEXER IPIOXVSRMO /IR]EQERER TIVWSRIP PEFSVEXSVMYQ HEPEQ QIPEOYOER OIKMEXER STIVEWMSREPHMHEPEQPEFSVEXSVMYQEOERQIQTIRKEVYLMLEWMPTIRKYNMERHEREXEY OEPMFVEWM 1ERENIQIR PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIRKEXYV XEXE PIXEO QINE HER EVIE OIVNE&IVHEWEVOER-73-)' XMRKKMQINEOIVNEEHEPEL GQPIFEV GQ HER TERNERK QIR]IWYEMOER HIRKER VYERKER ]ERK EHE 1INE PEFSVEXSVMYQ
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
225
LEVYW QIQIRYLM OVMXIVME ]EMXY XIVFYEX HEVM FELER ]ERK OYEX LEPYW HER VEXE OIHETEMVXELERXIVLEHETFELEROMQME]ERKHMKYREOERHMPEFSVEXSVMYQQYHEL HMFIVWMLOER 1IRYVYX %R[EV ,EHM NEVEO ERXEVQINE EHE FIFIVETE OVMXIVME &IVMOYX EHEPEL FIFIVETE OVMXIVME FIVWIVXE KEQFEV MPYWXVEWM NEVEO QMRMQYQ ERXEV QINE OIVNE 4IOIVNE FIVEHE HM WEXY WMWMQINE HER XMHEO EHE TIOIVNE PEMR ]ERK PI[EX HM FIPEOERKR]EQEOENEVEOQMRMQYQQQ 4IOIVNE FIVEHE HM WEXY WMWM QINE REQYR EHE TIOIVNE PEMR ]ERK PI[EX HM FIPEOERKR]EQEOENEVEOQMRMQYQQQ 4IOIVNEFIVEHEHMWEXYWMWMQINETEHEHYEQINE]ERKWINENEVHERXMHEOEHE TIOIVONEPEMR]ERKPI[EXHMFIPEOERKR]EQEOENEVEOQMRMQYQQQ 4IOIVNE FIVEHE HM WEXY WMWM QINE TEHE HYE QINE ]ERK WINENEV REQYR EHE TIOIVNE PEMR ]ERK PI[EX HMFIPEOERKR]E QEOE NEVEO QMRMQYQ QQ 7YQFIV %R[EV,EHM
Gambar 119. Ilustrasi Jarak Minimum Antar Meja Kerja
7IXMETTIVWSRIPPEFSVEXSVMYQHMWEVEROERQIQTYR]EMQIXIVQINEOIVNEHER QIXIV TIVWIKM EVIE OIVNE TIV TIVWSRIP -73-)' QIQTIVW]EVEXOEROSRHMWMEOSQSHEWMHERPMRKOYRKERPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWEHE TIQMWEL]ERKIJIOXMJERXEVVYERKER]ERKFIVHEQTMRKERFMPEEHEOIKMEXERPEMR ]ERKXMHEOWIWYEM d.
Metode Pengujian, Metode Kalibrasi, dan Validasi Metode 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQMPMOM MRWXVYOWM TIRKKYREER HER TIRKSTIVEWMER WIQYE TIVEPEXER]ERKVIPIZERHERTIRERKERERWIVXETIR]METERFEVERK]ERKHMYNMHEREXEY HMOEPMFVEWM EXEY OIHYEHYER]E FMPE OIXMEHEER MRWXVYOWM ]ERK HMQEOWYH HETEX QIVYWEOLEWMPTIRKYNMERHEREXEYOEPMFVEWM7IQYEMRWXVYOWMWXERHEVTERHYERHER
226
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
HEXEEGYER]ERKVIPIZERHIRKERTIOIVNEERPEFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWHMNEKEXIXETQYXEOLMV HERLEVYWWIPEPYXIVWIHMEFEKMTIVWSRIP4IR]MQTERKERHEVMQIXSHITIRKYNMERHER OEPMFVEWMFSPILXIVNEHMLER]ENMOETIR]MQTERKERXIVWIFYXHMFYOXMOERWIGEVEXIORMW XIPELHMFIREVOERHMWELOERHERHMXIVMQESPILcustomer /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP 1IXSHI TIRKYNMER ]ERK HMKYREOER PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW XIPEL HMTYFPMOEWMOER FEMO WIGEVEMRXIVREWMSREPVIKMSREPQEYTYRREWMSREP0EFSVEXSVMYQNYKELEVYWQIRNEQMR FEL[E WXERHEV ]ERK HMKYREOER QIVYTEOER WXERHEV TEPMRK QYXEOMV ]ERK FIVPEOY 'SRXSL QIXSHI WXERHEV MRXIVREWMSREP EXEY REWMSREP WITIVXM 7XERHEV 2EWMSREP -RHSRIWME 72- -RXIVREXMSREP 3VKERM^EXMSR JSV 7XERHEHM^EXMSR -73 %QIVMGER 7XERHEVHJSV8IWXMRKERH1EXIVMEP %781 3GGYTEXMSREP,IEPXLERH7EJIX]7]WXIQ 3,7%7 7IPYVYL HEXE ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER TIRKYNMER EXEY OEPMFVEWM ]ERK HMPEOYOERLEVYWHMWMQTERHERHMTIPMLEVEWIHIQMOMERVYTEWILMRKKEQYHELHMHETEX FMPE HMTIVPYOER OIQFEPM -RJSVQEWM ]ERK FIVOEMXER HIRKER HEXE TIRKYNMER EXEY OEPMFVEWM]ERKHMTIVSPILQIPEPYMTIRKEQEXERTIRKYOYVERHERTIVLMXYRKERHMVIOEQ TEHEWEEXTIOIVNEERHMPEOWEREOERHERHMTIPMLEVESPILTIVWSRIP]ERKFIV[IRERK e.
Peralatan 0EFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWHMPIRKOETMHIRKERTIVEPEXER]ERKWXERHEVYRXYOQIRKLEWMPOER TIRKYOYVER HER TIRKYNMER ]ERK EOYVEX 8IVHETEX XMKE EWTIO ]ERK LEVYW HMTIRYLM YRXYO QIRGETEM OIWIWYEMER HIRKER WXERHEV -73-)' ]EMXY EWTIO TIRKIPSPEER TIVEPEXER TIQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER HER VIOEQER TIVEPEXER 4IVEPEXER WIFIPYQHMKYREOERQEOETIVEPEXERLEVYWHMOEPMFVEWMEXEYHMGIOYRXYOQIRIXETOER TIVEPEXER XIVWIFYX QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER WTIWMJMOEWM PEFSVEXSVMYQ 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQTYR]EM TVSWIHYV TIRKIPSPEER TIVEPEXER YRXYO QIQEWXMOER OIPE]EOER JYRKWM HER YRXYO QIRGIKEL OSRXEQMREWM EXEY HIXIVMSVEWM 4IRKIPSPEER TIVEPEXER QIPMTYXM TIRERKERER TIVEPEXER TIR]MQTERER TIVEPEXER TIRKKYREER HER TIVE[EXERTIVEPEXERHERXVERWTSVXEWMTIVEPEXER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
227
Gambar 120. Pengecekan Peralatan
7IQYE TIVEPEXERLEVYWHMTIPMLEVEHIRKERFEMOHERFIREVYRXYOQIQTIVXELEROER OIPERGEVER OIKMEXER HM HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEP MRM FIVXYNYER EKEV XMRKOEX EOYVEWM HER TVIWMWM ]ERK HMFIVMOER SPIL TIVEPEXER XIXET XIVNEKE 4IQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER LEVYW XIVTVSKVEQ YRXYO QIRGIKEL OIKEKEPER TIVEPEXER HER QIRNEQMR OMRIVNE TIVEPEXER WIWYEM HIRKER OIFYXYLER PEFSVEXSVMYQ *VIOYIRWM TIQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER FMEWER]E HMHEWEVOER TEHE VIOSQIRHEWM HEVM TEFVMO TIQFYEX TIVEPEXER NYQPEL HER [EOXY TIRKKYREER TIVEPEXER HER OIXMOE QIRKLEWMPOER HEXE ]ERK QIRGYVMKEOER 4IQIPMLEVEER TIVEPEXER HETEX HMKSPSRKOER QIRNEHM HYE ]EMXY TIRGIKELERHERTIVFEMOER 7YQFIV %PJVIH*VIHH]1ERMO
Gambar 121. Ilustrasi Tata Letak Penempatan Peralatan
7IXMET TIVEPEXER HER TIVERKOEX PYREO ]ERK HMKYREOER HEPEQ PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMMHIRXMJMOEWM4IVEPEXERPEFSVEXSVMYQ]ERKQIQIVPYOEROEPMFVEWMLEVYWHMFIVMPEFIP OSHIXIVQEWYOXERKKEPXIVEOLMVOEPMFVEWM7IOYVERKOYVERKR]EQIRYVYXTIVW]EVEXER -73-)' VIOEQER LEVYW QIRPMTYXM MHIRXMXEW TIVEPEXER REQE QERYJEOXYVMHIRXMJMOEWMXMTIHERRSQSVWIVM GIOOIWIWYEMERTIVEPEXERHIRKER WTIWMJMOEWM PSOEWMXIVOMRMFMPEWIWYEM MRWXVYOWMQERYJEOXYVNMOEEHE XERKKEP
228
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
LEWMP HER WEPMRER PETSVER HER WIVXMJMOEX HEVM WIQYE OEPMFVEWM TIR]IXIPER TIVW]EVEXER TIRIVMQEER HER XERKKEP OEPMFVEWM FIVMOYXR]E LEVYW HMPEOYOER VIRGERETIVE[EXERFMPEWIWYEMHERTIVE[EXER]ERKXIPELHMPEOYOER OIVYWEOER OIKEKEPER TIQEOEMER QSHMJMOEWM EXEY TIVFEMEOER TEHE TIVEPEXER &IRXYO MRZIRXEVMWEWMTIVEPEXERPEFSVEXSVMYQHETEXFIVYTEOEVXYHEJXEVTIVEPEXERHEXEFEWI HEPEQOSQTYXIVHERGEXEXERWIRHMVMYRXYOWIXMETTIVEPEXER f.
Ketertelusuran Pengukuran /IXIVXIPYWYVER TIRKYOYVER QIVYTEOER OIQEQTYER HEVM WYEXY LEWMP YOYV WIGEVE MRHMZMHYEPYRXYOHMLYFYRKOEROIWXERHEVREWMSREPEXEYWXERHEVMRXIVREWMSREPYRXYO WEXYERYOYVERHEREXEYWMWXIQTIRKYOYVER]ERKHMWELOERWIGEVEREWMSREPQEYTYR MRXIVREWMSREP QIPEPYM WYEXY TIVFERHMRKER XEO XIVTYXYW /SRWMWXIRWM LEWMP TIKYNMER PEFSVEXSVMYQ HIRKER EOYVEWM HER TVIWMWM XMRKKM WIVXE ZEPMHMXEW TIRKYOYVER HETEX HMGETEM HER HMNEQMR HIRKER OEPMFVEWM 4VSKVEQ OEPMFVEWM TIVEPEXER PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYWHMVERGERKHERHMSTIVEWMOERYRXYOQIQEWXMOEROEPMFVEWMHERTIRKYOYVER]ERK HMPEOYOER PEFSVEXSVMYQ FMWE HMXIPYWYV OI WMWXIQ 7EXYER -RXIVREWMSREP 7- EXEY International System of Unit/EPMFVEWMXIVWIFYXLEVYWQIQFIVMOEROITIVGE]EERTEHE TIRKYOYVER HIRKER QIRIXETOER OIXIVXIPYWYVER OI WXERHEV LEVYW QIQMPMOM TVSKVEQHERTVSWIHYVYRXYOQIRKOEPMFVEWMWXERHEVWXERHEVEGYER]ERKHMQMPMOMR]E 7XERHEV ]ERK HMQMPMOM SPIL PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW HMOEPMFVEWM SPIL FEHER ]ERK HETEX QIQFIVM OIXIVXIPYWYVER 4IPEOWEREER OEPMFVEWM WIXMET WIFIPYQ HER WIWYHEL TIR]IXIPER
g.
Pengambilan Sampel 4IRKEQFMPERWEQTIPEHEPELWYEXYTVSWIHYVXIVXIRXY]ERKHMMOYXMFMPEWYEXYWYFXERWM FELEREXEYTVSHYOHMEQFMPYRXYOOITIVPYERTIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWMWEQTIP]ERK VITVIWIRXEXMJ HER OIWIPYVYLERR]E (EXE LEWMP TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP LEVYW SFNIOXMJ VITVIWIRXEXMJXIPMXMHERXITEXXITEX[EOXYHERVIPIZER /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP 0EFSVEXSVMYQLEVYWQIQTYR]EMTVSWIHYVYRXYOQIVIOEQHEXEHEROIKMEXER ]ERK VIPIZERHER FIVLYFYRKER HIRKER TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP WIFEKEM FEKMER HEVM TIRKYNMER EXEY OEPMFVEWM ]ERKHMPEOYOER 6IOEQER XIVWIFYX LEVYW QIRGEOYT TVSWIHYV TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP ]ERK HMKYREOERMHIRXMJMOEWM TIRKEQFMP WEQTIP OSRHMWMPMRKOYRKER NMOEVIPIZER HERHMEKVEQEXEYFIRXYOPEMR]ERKIOMZEPIR]ERK HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIRKMHIRXMJMOEWM PSOEWM TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP HER NMOE WIWYEMWXEXMWXMO ]ERK QIRNEHM HEWEV HEVM TVSWIHYV TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP
h.
Penanganan Barang Yang Diuji dan Dikalibrasi
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
229
HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIRKMHIRXMJMOEWM PSOEWM TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP HER NMOE WIWYEMWXEXMWXMO ]ERK QIRNEHM HEWEV HEVM TVSWIHYV TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP h.
Penanganan Barang Yang Diuji dan Dikalibrasi 0EFSVEXSVMYQFIVXERKKYRKNE[EFTIRYLEXEWFEVERK]ERKEOERHMYNMHERHMOEPMFVEWM YRXYO MXY PEFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQTYR]EM TVSWIHYV TIRKIPSPEER FEVERK WILMRKKE HETEX QIPMRHYRKM OIYXYLER FEVERK ]ERK EOER HMYNM HER HMOEPMFVEWM 4VSWIHYV TIRKIPSPEERFEVERK]ERKHMYNMEXEYHMOEPMFVEWMLEVYWQIQTIVXMQFERKOERFIFIVETE LEP QIPMTYXM XVERWTSVXEWM TIRIVMQEER FEVERK MHIRXMJMOEWM TIRERKERER TIVPMRHYRKERTIR]MQTERER[EOXYTIR]MQTERER VIXIRWM HERTIQYWRELER
i.
Jaminan Mutu Hasil Pengujian dan Kalibrasi 0EFSVEXSVMYQ LEVYW QIQTYR]EM TVSWIHYV TIRKIRHEPMER QYXY YRXYO QIQERXEY OIEFWELER TIRKYNMER HER OEPMFVEWM ]ERK HMPEOYOER (EXE ]ERK HMLEWMPOER LEVYW HMVIOEQWIHIQMOMERVYTEWILMRKKEWIQYEOIGIRHIVYRKERHETEXHMHIXIOWMHERFMPE QIQYRKOMROER XIORMO WXEXMWXMO LEVYW HMXIVETOER TEHE TIRKOENMER LEWMP 4IQERXEYER XIVWIFYX LEVYW HMVIRGEREOER HER HMOENM WIVXE QIRGEOYT XETM XMHEO XIVFEXEW TEHE LEPLEP FIVMOYX OIXIVEXYVER TIRKKYREER FELER EGYER FIVWIVXMJMOEX HEREXEY TIRKIRHEPMER QYXY MRXIVREPQIRKKYREOER FELER EGYER WIOYRHIV TEVXMWMTEWMHEPEQYNMFERHMRKERXEVPEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYTVSKVEQYNMTVSJMWMIRWM VITPMOE TIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWMQIRKKYREOERQIXSHI]ERKWEQEEXEYFIVFIHE TIRKYNMER YPERK EXEY OEPMFVEWM YPERK EXEW FEVERK ]ERK QEWML EHE OSVIPEWM LEWMP YRXYO OEVEOXIVMWXMO]ERKFIVFIHEHEVMWYEXYFEVERK /SQMXI%OVIHMXEWM2EWMSREP
j.
Pelaporan Hasil 8ELET EOLMV HEVM TIVW]EVEXERXIORMW -73-)' EHEPEL XELET TIPETSVER LEWMP YRXYO MXY TIPETSVER LEWMP LEVYW EOYVEX NIPEW XMHEO QIQFMRKYRKOER HER SFNIOXMJ ,EWMP TIPETSVER LEVYW QIRGEOYT WIQYE MRJSVQEWM ]ERK HMFYXYLOER TIPERKKER PETSVER HETEX FIVYTE hardcopy EXEY HEXE IPIOXVSRMO EWEPOER WIQYE TIVW]EVEXER -73-)' XIPEL HMTIRYLM 7IXMET PETSVER TIRKYNMER EXEY WIVXMJMOEX OEPMFVEWM LEVYW QIRGEOYT WIOYVERKOYVERKR]E MRJSVQEWM FIVMOYX MRM OIGYEPM FMPE PEFSVEXSVMYQ QIQTYR]EM EPEWER ]ERK WEL YRXYO XMHEO QIPEOYOER ]ERKHIQMOMER
.YHYP WITIVXM0ETSVERTIRKYNMEREXEY7IVXMJMOEXOEPMFVEWM
2EQE HEREPEQEXPEFSVEXSVMYQHERPSOEWMHMPEOYOERR]ETIRKYNMERHEREXEY OEPMFVEWMNMOEFIVFIHEHEVMEPEQEXPEFSVEXSVMYQ
-HIRXMJMOEWMYRMOHEVMPETSVERTIRKYNMEREXEYWIVXMJMOEXOEPMFVEWM WITIVXMRSQSV WIVM HERMHIRXMJMOEWM TEHE WIXMET LEPEQERR]E YRXYO QIQEWXMOER LEPEQER XIVWIFYXHMEOYMWIFEKEMFEKMERHEVMPETSVERTIRKYNMEREXEYWIVXMJMOEXOEPMFVEWM HERMHIRXMJMOEWM]ERKNIPEWQIR]EXEOEREOLMVPETSVERTIRKYNMEREXEYWIVXMJMOEX OEPMFVEWM
230
2EQEHEREPEQEXcustomer
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
-HIRXMJMOEWMHEVMQIXSHI]ERKHMKYREOER
9VEMER HEVM OSRHMWM HEVM HER MHIRXMJMOEWM ]ERK XMHEO QIVEKYOER HEVM FEVERK ]ERKHMYNMEXEYHMOEPMFVEWM
8ERKKEPTIRIVMQEERFEVERK]ERKHMYNMEXEYHMOEPMFVEWMFMPELEPMRMFIVWMJEXOVMXMW TEHE OIEFWELER HER TIRIVETER LEWMP HER XERKKEP TIRKYNMER HER OEPMFVEWM HMPEOYOER
%GYER VIRGERE HER TVSWIHYV TIRKEQFMPER WEQTIP ]ERK HMKYREOER PEFSVEXSVMYQEXEYFEHERFEHERPEMRR]E]ERKVIPIZERHIRKEROIEFWELEREXEY TIRIVETERLEWMP
,EWMPTIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWMFIVMOYXFMPEWIWYEMWEXYERTIRKYOYVER
2EQEJYRKWMHERXERHEXERKEREXEYMHIRXMJMOEWM]ERKIOMZEPIRHEVMSVERK]ERK QIRKIWELOERPETSVERTIRKYNMEREXEYWIVXMJMOEXOEPMFVEWM &MPE VIPIZER WYEXY TIVR]EXEER FEL[E LEWMP ]ERK HMXEQTMPOER LER]E FIVLYFYRKER HIRKER FEVERK]ERK HMYNM EXEY HMOEPMFVEWM /SQMXI %OVIHMXEWM 2EWMSREP 4IRKMVMQERLEWMPTIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWMETEFMPEQIPEPYMXIPITSRXIPIOWJEOWMQMPM EXEYTIVERKOEXIPIOXVSRMOPEMRQEOETIXYKEWTIRKMVMQLEWMPTIRKYNMEREXEYOEPMFVEWM LEVYWQIRKMOYXMTVSWIHYV-73-)' HERLEVYWQIRNEQMROIVELEWMEERR]E %R[EV,EHM C.
Bengkel &IRKOIP EHEPEL WEVERE HER XIQTEX QIRHYOYRK OIKMEXER TIPEXMLER HER XIQTEX TIRMRKOEXER OIXVEQTMPER HEPEQ VERKOE TIRKIQFERKER TIQELEQER HER OIXVEQTMPER WIWYEM HIRKER FMHERK OIELPMER 4IVEXYVER 4IQIQIVMRXEL 6ITYFPMO -RHSRIWME
2SQSV
8ELYR
8IRXERK
4SOSO4SOSO
3VKERMWEWM
9RMZIVWMXEW-RWXMXYX2IKIVMTIRKIVXMERFIRKOIPHMNIPEWOERTEHETEWEPHER4EWEP 4EWEP QIRNIPEWOER XIRXERK TIRKIVXMER FIRKOIP WIHERKOER 4EWEP QIRNIPEWOER XIRXERK TIVWSREP ]ERK FIVLEO QIRKIPSPE FIRKOIP /IHYE TEWEP tersebut berbunyi antara lain, Pasal 27 menyebutkan bahwa, ”laboratorium/studio EHEPELWEVERETIRYRNERKNYVYWERHEPEQWEXYEXEYWIFEKMERMPQYXIORSPSKMEXEYWIRM XIVXIRXYWIWYEMHIRKEROITIVPYERbidang studi yang bersangkutan.” 4EHE4EWEP QIRNIPEWOERPEFSVEXSVMYQWXYHMSHMTMQTMRSPILWISVERKKYVYEXEY WISVERK XIREKE TIRKENEV ]ERK OIELPMERR]E XIPEL QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER WIWYEM HIRKERGEFERKMPQYXIORSPSKMHERWIRMXIVXIRXYHERFIVXERKKYRKNE[EFPERKWYRK OITEHEOIXYENYVYWER&IRKOIPHERPEFSVEXSVMYQQIVYTEOERWEPELWEXYOSQTSRIR TVEWEVERE HEPEQ QIPEOWEREOER TVSWIW FIPENEV QIRKENEV ]ERK IJIOXMJ ]ERK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
231
YVKIRWMR]E WERKEX HSQMRER HEPEQ YTE]E QIRMRKOEXOER QYXY TIQFIPENEVER HER QYXYTIRHMHMOERTEHE YQYQR]E ]ERKTEHEEOLMVR]EFIVQYEVE TEHETIRMRKOEXER QYXYPYPYWER]ERKSTXMQEP 7YQFIV %PJVIH*VIHH]1ERMO
Gambar 122. Ilustrasi Tata Letak Bengkel
&IRKOIP EXEY [SVOWLST WIGEVE KEVMW FIWEV QIQMPMOM JYRKWM WIFEKEM XIQTEX YRXYO QIQFIVMOEROIPIRKOETERFEKMTIPENEVERXISVM]ERKXIPELHMXIVMQEWILMRKKEERXEVE XISVMHERTVEOXMOFYOERQIVYTEOERHYELEP]ERKXIVTMWELQIPEMROERHYELEP]ERK QIVYTEOER WEXY OIWEXYER &IRKOIP NYKE QIQMPMOM TIVERER YRXYO QIQFIVMOER OIXIVEQTMPER OIVNE MPQMEL FEKM WMW[E WIVXE YRXYO QIQYTYO HER QIQFMRE VEWE TIVGE]EHMVMWIFEKEMOIXIVEQTMPER]ERKHMTIVSPILHMFIRKOIP %PMQ7YQEVRS &IVHEWEVOER4IVEXYVER1IRXIVM4IRHMHMOER2EWMSREP6ITYFPMO-RHSRIWME2SQSV XELYR 8IRXERK 7XERHEV WEVERE HER TVEWEVERE YRXYO WIOSPEL QIRIRKEL OINYVYER1EHVEWEL%PM]EL/INYVYER 71/1%/ WIFYELWIOSPELERXIVYXEQE71/ LEVYWQIQTYR]EMFIRKOIPEXEYXIQTEXTVEOXMO]ERKQIQEHEM,EPXIVWIFYXWYTE]E WMW[EHETEXQIQTVEOXMOOERPERKWYRKQEXIVM]ERKHMHETEX &IRKOIP]ERKPE]EOEXEYQIQEHEMYRXYOTVEOXMOTEPMRKXMHEOQIQIRYLMFIFIVETELEP WIFEKEMFIVMOYX EXQSWJIVFIRKOIP OSRHMWMFIRKOIP ]ERKFEMO TIVE[EXERFIRKOIP ]ERK XIVNEKE TIVEPEXER TVEOXMO ]ERK QIQEHEM TIVPIRKOETER FELER TVEOXMO ]ERK QIQEHEMTIRIVETEROIWIPEQEXERHEROIWILEXEROIVNE / FEKMTIVWSRIPFIRKOIP HERWMW[ETIRIVETER7 WIMVMWIMXSRWIMWSWIMOIXWYWLMXWYOI HMFIRKOIP&IRKOIP QIVYTEOER WEVERE YRXYO QIRYRNERK HER QIRKIQFERKOER EXEW XISVM ]ERK HMOYEWEMR]E. /IR]EQERER TVEOXMO HM HEPEQ FIRKOIP EOER QIQTIRKEVYLM LEWMP TVEOXMO MXY WIRHMVM YRXYO MXY HMTIVPYOER TIVERGERKER FIRKOIP ]ERK QIQIRYLM WXERHEV
232
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Beberapa persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi oleh bengkel sebagai berikut: 8IQTEX OIVNE TIVEPEXER XIXET HER TIVEFSXERR]E QEYTYR TIVEPEXER HER WMWXIQR]E]ERKXIVMRXIKVEWMEXEYXEQFELER XIVE[EXHIRKERFEMOXIXET FIVWML HEPEQOIEHEERIJMWMIRHEPEQYVYXEROIVNE]ERKIJMWMIRHERHEPEQOSRHMWMFEMO HER WIFEMOR]E HMFIVM WMWXIQ GEHERKER HIRKER TIQIPMLEVEER XIVIRGERE HER TIRGEXEXER ]ERK WIWYEM WIHERKOER YRXYO TIQIPMLEVEER QIPMTYXM MRWTIOWM TIR]IXIPER TIPYQEWER TIQFIVWMLER WIPYVYL TIVEPEXER HER TIVPIRKOETER FIRKOIP %XQSWJIV FIRKOIP QIPMTYXM FIFIVETE TIVW]EVEXER ]EMXY OSRHMWM WIOIPMPMRK FIRKOIPLEVYWXIVTIPMLEVEHIRKERGEVEQIQFYOENIRHIPEQIQEWERKOMTEWERKMR HM HMRHMRK EXEY PERKMXPERKMX YRXYO QIQFIVM OIWINYOER YHEVE HM FIRKOIP NMOE ZIRXMPEWM HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIPMRHYRKM TEVE TIVWSRIP FIRKOIP WMWXIQR]E LEVYW HMTEWERKM EPEVQ TIRHIXIOWM OIKEKEPER QEQTY QIQEWSO YHEVE FIVWML PMXIVHIXMOTIOIVNEHMVE[EXHMFIVWMLOERHEROMRIVNER]EHMTIVMOWEWIGEVEVYXMR 8IQTIVEXYV XIQTEX OIVNE WIPEQE NEQ OIVNE LEVYW QIQIRYLM TIVW]EVEXER WITIVXM YRXYO TIOIVNEER RSVQEP ' * YRXYO TIOIVNEER FIVEX ' * ETEFMPEHMHEPEQFIRKOIPXIVHETEXTIQEREWEXEYTIRHMRKMRQEOEXMHEO FSPILQIRKLIQFYWOERYET]ERKFIVFELE]E WINYQPELXIVQSQIXIVHMTEWERKHM HEPEQFIRKOIP 4IRGELE]EER LEVYW QIQEHEM HER QIRGYOYTM NMOE QIQYRKOMROER QIQERJEEXOERGELE]EEPEQMPEQTYHEVYVEXLEVYWHMTEWERKYRXYOFIVNEKENEKE WIERHEMR]E PEQTY YXEQE QIRKEPEQM OIKEKEPER HER QIRMQFYPOER FELE]E 7YQFIV %PJVIH*VIHH]1ERMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
233
Gambar 123. Ilustrasi Pencahayaan
4IVE[EXER (house keeping) XIQTEX OIVNE TIVEFSXER HER JMXXMRK LEVYW XIXET FIVWML HMRHMRK PERXEM HER PERKMXPERKMX LEVYW XIXET FIVWML QIQIVMOWE TIRYQTYOERHIFYHMEXEWTIVQYOEERHEXEVXIVYXEQETEHEWXVYOXYVFERKYRER FEPSO KMVHIV TIRSTERK EXET HER WIFEKEMR]E HMRHMRK ]ERK HMGEX LEVYW HMFIVWMLOERHERHMGEXYPERKWIGEVEFIVOEPE QMWEPR]EQEWMRKQEWMRKFYPER HER XELYR PERXEM LEVYW HMFIVWMLOER HIRKER GEVE QIR]ETY HER QIRKITIP QMRMQEP WIQMRKKY WIOEPM WEQTEL NERKER QIRYQTYO OEVIRE HETEX QIRMQFYPOERVIWMOS OIWILEXERHEROIFEOEVERWEQTELLEVYWHMPIXEOOERTEHE XIQTEXR]E XIQTEX WEQTEL LEVYW XELER XIVLEHET ETM XYQTELER LEVYW HMFIVWMLOERQIRKKYREOERQEXIVMEP]ERKHETEXQIR]IVETHIRKERFEMO ;SVOWXEXMSR LEVYWR]EQERYRXYOWIQYE]ERKFIOIVNEHMWEREQIQMPMOMTMRXY HEVYVEX ]ERK HMXERHEM HIRKER NIPEW PERXEM LEVYW XIXET FIVWML HER XMHEO PMGMR FELE]EWERHYRKERHMWMRKOMVOERFIOIVNETEHETSWMWMOEOYHERNERKKEPWIFEMOR]E XMHEOHMPEOYOERXIVPEPYPEQEFIRHEFIRHEOIVNEHERQEXIVMEPOIVNELEVYWQYHEL HMVEMLHEVMTSWMWMOIVNE 8IQTEXHYHYO HMQERETYRTIOIVNEERHMPEOYOERXIQTEXHYHYOLEVYWXIVWIHME XIQTEX HYHYO LEVYW WIWYEM HIRKER NIRMW TIOIVNEERR]E HER QIQMPMOM WERHEVER
234
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
TYRKKYRKHERTIRYQTYOEOM JSSXVIWX LEVYWTEHEOSRHMWM]ERKFEMONMOEXIVNEHM OIVYWEOERLEVYWHMTIVFEMOMEXEYHMKERXM 0ERXEM XMHEO HMFIVM FIFER FIVPIFML VEXE HER QYPYW XMHEO FIVPYFERK FIVKIPSQFERK EXEY VYWEO ]ERK QYRKOMR QIR]IFEFOER FELE]E WERHYRKER FIFEWLEQFEXERHEVMFEVERKFEVERKHMPIXEOOERHMXIQTEX]ERKXIPELHMXIRXYOER XMHEOPMGMRQIQMPMOMWEVEREdrainase ]ERKQIQEHEMNMOEEHEOIQYRKOMRERXIVOIRE EMVQIQMPMOMTIQMWELERXEVENEPYVNEPYVPEPYPMRXEWHERTINEPEROEOMFIVYTEhand rail TIRKLEPERKEXEYQEVOEPERXEMQIQMPMOMTIRKLEPERKHMWIOMXEVPYFERKEXEYXIQTEX ]ERKXIVWIHME 4IRIRXYER WXERHEV WEVERE HER TVEWEVERE QIVYTEOER EGYER QYXPEO FEKM WIXMET WIOSPELQIRIRKELOINYVYER/IWIWYEMEREXEYOIXIVGETEMERWEVEREHERTVEWEVERE WIXMETWIOSPELEOERQIQTIRKEVYLMOIPERGEVERTVSWIWFIPENEVQIRKENEV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
235
236
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB V
APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA BENGKEL MESIN DAN INSTANSI LISTRIK A.
Penempatan Barang Yang Tidak Tertata Dengan Baik Dan Tidak Sesuai Tempatnya +IPEWOEGE]ERKHMPIXEOOERHMWEQTMRKXVEMRIV
/EVHYW]ERKHMPIXEOOERHMWEQTMRKXVEMRIV
%PEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER OEVHYW OSWSRK HER XYXYT XIQTEX WEQTEL ]ERK HMPIXEOOERHMEXEWQINE
8IQTEXWEQTEL]ERKHMPIXEOOERHMPSVSRKFIRKOIPMRWXEPEWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
237
8IQTEXWEQTELHEREPEXOIFIVWMLER]ERKXIVKIPIXEOHMTSNSOVYERKERHERHIOEX HIRKERTMRXYWILMRKKEQIRKKERKKYEOWIWPEPYPMRXEWTVEOXMOER
4ETERXYPMW]ERKFIVEHEHMPSVSRKFIRKOIPQIRKKERKKYPEPYPMRXEWTVEOXMOE
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 +IPEW ]ERK FIVEHE HM WEQTMRK XVEMRIV HETEX XIVWIRKKSP SPIL TVEOXMOER HER XIVNEXYLWIVXETIGEL KF .MOE FEVERKFEVERK XIVWIFYX XIVYXEQE KIPEW QIRKIREM XERKER TVEOXMOER WILMRKKENEXYLHERTIGELWIVTMLEROEGER]EHETEXQIPYOEMTVEOXMOER KF /EVHYW ]ERK FIVEHE HM WEQTMRK XVEMRIV HETEX XIVNEXYL WI[EOXY[EOXY HER QIRMQTEOEOMTVEOXMOER KF 4IRIQTEXEREPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVER]ERKWIQFVSRSHETEXQIR]IFEFOER EPEXXIWIFYXNEXYLHERQIRMQTETVEOXMOER KF
238
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
%PEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVER]ERKHMPIXEOOERHMXIQTEX]ERKWYPMXXIVPMLEXHETEX QIR]IFEFOEROITERMOERHERWYPMXHMEOWIWWILMRKKEOIXMOEXIVNEHMOIFEOEVER EPEXTIQEHEQXIVWIFYXXMHEOFIVJYRKWMWIFEKEMQEREQIWXMR]E KF 8IQTEL WEQTEL ]ERK HMPIXEOOER HM PERXEM HIRKER TSWMWM VIRHEL HETEX QIR]IFEFOERTVEOXMOERXIVWERHYRKOEVIREXMHEOQIPMLEXR]E KF 4IRIQTEXER EPEX OIFIVWMLER ]ERK XMHEO HMKERXYRK HETEX WI[EOXY[EOXY XIVNEXYL FIVWIVEOER HER QIQFYEX TVEOXMOER ]ERK PI[EX XIVWERHYRK WIVXE NEXYL KF 4ETERXYPMW]ERKXIVWIRKKSPHETEXQIRMQTETVEOXMOER KF /SRWIRXVEWM TVEOXMOER EOER XIVKERKKY OEVIRE QIPMLEX FEVERKFEVERK ]ERK XMHEO XIVEXYV ]ERK XMHEO WILEVYWR]E FIVEHE HM HEPEQ FIRKOIP MRWXEPEWM HER QIWMRPMWXVMO TWMOSPSKMW b. Aspek 5S/5R (MTERHERK QIRNEHM XMHEO VMRKOEW OEVIRE XIVHETEXR]E FEVERKFEVERK ]ERK XMHEOHMTIVPYOERHMHEPEQFIRKOIPXIVWIFYX KF (MTERHERK XMHEO VETM OEVIRE XIVHETEX FEVERKFEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMWMQTER EXEYHMXIQTEXOERWIFEKEMQEREQIWXMR]E KF 7IVTMLEROEGEHEVMKIPEW]ERKXIVNEXYLQIQFYEXPMRKOYRKERXIQTEXTVEOXIO QIRNEHMOSXSV KF 2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E 0YOE VMRKERPIGIXXIVKSVIW LMRKKE PYOE HEPEQMRJIOWM FIVEX EOMFEX XIVOIRE TIGELERKIPEW]ERKNEXYL KF F 1IQEV]ERKHMWIFEFOERXIVXMQTEOEVHYW]ERKNEXYL KF G 1IQEV]ERKHMWIFEFOERXIVXMQTEEPEXTIQEHEQEROIFEOEVER]ERKNEXYLEXEY XIVWERHYRKXYXYTXIQTEXWEQTEL]ERKNEXYL KF H /IQYRKOMRER XIVNEHM OIFEOEVER ]ERK XMHEO HETEX XIVXERKKYPERKM EOMFEX TIRIQTEXEREPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVER]ERKXMHEOXITEX KF I 1IQEVLMRKKEPIGIXEOMFEXXIVWERHYRKXIQTEXWEQTEL]ERKHMPIXEOOERHMPSVSRK KF J 1IQEV LMRKKEPIGIX EOMFEX XIVWERHYRK EPEX OIFIVWMLER ]ERK NEXYL FIVWIVEOER OEVIREXIVPIXEOHMTMRXYNEPYVOIPYEVQEWYO KF K 1IQEVEOMFEXXIVXMQTETETERXYPMW]ERKVSFSL KF L /SRHMWM TWMOSPSKMW ]ERK XIVXIOEROYVERK R]EQER HEVM TVEOXMOER EOMFEX XIQTEX TVEOXMO]ERKOYVERKVETM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
239
M
;EOXY]ERKHMKYREOERYRXYO TVEOXMOOYVERKIJIOXMJOEVIRELEVYWQIQFIVIOER FEVERKFEVERK ]ERK XMHEO HMKYREOER XIVWIFYX WILMRKKE EOER QIRKKERKKY OSRWIRXVEWMTVEOXMOEROIXMOEQIPEOWEREOERTVEOXMOYQ
3.
Saran (Solusi) E 1IR]MRKOMVOERFEVERKFEVERK]ERKXMHEOHMKYREOERHEVMVYERKERFIRKOIP F 1IQMRHELOERFEVERKFEVERK]ERKWYHELXMHEOHMKYREOEROIVYERKEROLYWYW G 1IRIQTEXOERFEVERKFEVERK]ERKHMTIVPYOERHMVYERKERFIRKOIPWIGEVEVETM H 4VEOXMOER QIPIRKOETM HMVM HIRKER QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM XIVYXEQE safety shoes EKEV XMHEO QYHEL XIVOIRE TIGELER FIRHE XENEQ WITIVXM TIGELER OEGE I 1IR]IHMEOEROSXEO4/HMHEPEQVYERKERWIFEKEMTIVXSPSRKERTIVXEQEOIXMOE XIVNEHMQIQEVEXEYPYOEXIVKSVIWHERLEPPEMRR]E J 1IRIQTEXOERXEFYRKTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHMXIQTEX]ERKWILEVYWR]E FYOER HM TSNSO VYERKER ]ERK WYPMX XIVPMLEX HER HMWIVXEOER HIRKER TIXYRNYO TIRKKYREERR]E K 1IR]IHMEOERXIQTEXOLYWYWYRXYOQIRIQTEXOEREPEXEPEXOIFIVWMLER L 1IPEOYOERTIVE[EXERHERTIREXEEREPEXEPEXHERFELERFELERTVEOXMOYQWIGEVE FIVOEPE HIRKER QIQFYEX NEH[EP TMOIX WIGEVE VYXMR XIVYXEQE FEKM QELEWMW[E ]ERK QIRKKYREOER FIRKOIP XIVWIFYX WILMRKKE FIRKOIP WIPEPY XIVXEXE HIRKER VETM
4.
Gambar Solusi E 4IREXEERFIRKOIP]ERKVETMFIFEWHEVMFIRHEFIRHE]ERKXMHEOHMKYREOER
F %PEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERFIWIVXETIXYRNYOTIRKKYREERR]E
240
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
G 4IREXEERQIWMR]ERKXIVXEXEVETM
H 4IRIQTEXEREPEXOIFIVWMLER]ERKXIVXEXEVETM
I /SXEOTOFIWIVXEMWMR]E
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
241
B.
Alat Pelindung Diri, Posisi Kerja, dan Penempatan Alat Kerja
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 4VEOXMOERXMHEOQIQEOEMLIPQTIPMRHYRK 4VEOXMOERQIQEOEMWERHEPXMHEOQIRKKYREOERWITEXY
1
8MHEOQIRKIREOERTEOEMEROIVNEFIRKOIP 1
2
4VEOXMOERXMHEOQIQEOEMVIWTMVEXSV QEWOIV 8MHEOQIQEOEMWEVYRKXERKER 8MHEOQIRKKYREOEROEGEQEXETIPMRHYRK b. Aspek 5S/5R 4IVEPEXERTEHEOSXEOEPEX tools box XMHEOXIVXEXEVETM &MPMOTVEOXMOOSXSVFIVHIFY 2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E 1IQEVHMOITEPELMRKKEQIR]IFEFOERTIQFIRKOEOEROEVIREXIVFIRXYVEOMFEX XMHEOQIQEOEMLIPQTIPMRHYRK F 8IVOIRETIGELERFIRHEXENEQEOMFEXQIQEOEMWERHEP G 6IWMOSXIVOIREOINYXPMWXVMOWIQEOMRXMRKKMOEVIREQIQEOEMWERHEP H 1IQEVHMOEOMOEVIREXIVXMQTEEPEXOIVNEEOMFEXLER]EQIQEOEMWERHEP I 1IQEV EOMFEXXIVNEXYLXIVWERHYRK EOMFEX TEOEMER ]ERK HMTEOEMXIVPEPY TERNERK WILMRKKEHETEXXIVOEMXXIVWERKOYX
242
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
J &EXYOLMRKKEMRJIOWMTIVRETEWEROEVIREXIVOIREHIFYTEVXMOIPLEPYWEOMFEXXMHEO QIQEOEMQEWOIV K 8IVKSVIWPIGIX OEVIRE XIVOIRE WIVTMLER FELER OIVNE ]ERK XENEQ EOMFEX XMHEO QIRKIREOERWEVYRKXERKER L -VMXEWMLMRKKEMRJIOWMTEHEQEXEOEVIREXIVOIREWIVTMLERTEVXMOIPLEPYWHEVMWMWE FELERTVEOXMOEOMFEXXMHEOQIQEOEMOEGEQEXETIPMRHYRK M
/IWYPMXERQIRGEVMQIRKEQFMPTIVEPEXERHMWIFEFOERTIRIQTEXEREPEX]ERKXMHEO VETMHERNEYLHEVMNERKOEYER
N
/IWEPELERHEPEQTIRKEQFMPEREPEXHMWIFEFOERTIRIQTEXER]ERKNEYL
O 0IPEL ]ERK HMWIFEFOER TIRKEQFMPER EPEX TVEOXM ]ERK HMPIXEOOER NEYL HEVM NERKOEYER P
4IKEP]ERKHMWIFEFOERHIWEMROYVWM]ERKOYVERKR]EQER
Q /IPIPELERTEHEQEXEHERTYRHEOHMWIFEFOERTSWMWMXVEMRIVMRWXEPEWM]ERKXIVPEPY XMRKKMNMOETVEOXMOHMPEOYOERHEPEQTSWMWMHYHYO R 7EOMX TEHE XYPERK FIPEOERK LMRKKE QIR]IFEFOER GIHIVEOIPEMRER XYPERK FIPEOERKHMWIFEFOERSPILHIWEMROYVWM]ERKXMHEOQIQMPMOMWERHEVER 3.
Saran (Solusi) E 4VEOXMOERQIPIRKOETMHMVMHIRKEREPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVM]ERKPIRKOETWIWYEMHIRKER OIFYXYLER F 1IRKKYREOER safety shoes ]ERK R]EQER HER XIVLMRHEV HEVM XIVXERGET FIRHE XENEQ G 1IQEOEMTEOEMEROIVNEFIRKOIP wearpack H 1IVETMOERtools box HERQIRIQTEXOERR]EHMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELHMNERKOEY I 1IRKKERXMHIWEMRQINEWILMRKKEPIFMLIJMWMIRHERQYPXMJYRKWM J 1IRKKERXMHIWEROYVWMWILMRKKER]EQERYRXYOHMKYREOER K 1IRKEXYVQIXSHIOIVNE]ERKHMKYREOERETEOELHYHYOEXEYFIVHMVM L .MOEQIXSHIOIVNEXIPELHMXIXETOERQEOEEXYVPELXMRKKMVIRHELTSWMWMTVEOXMOER XIVLEHETXVEMRIVMRWXEPEWMFEMOHEPEQTSWMWMHYHYOQEYTYRFIVHMVM M
1IQFIVWMLOER FIRKOIP VYERKER HER XVEMRIV ]ERK HMKYREOER HEVM HIFY HIRKER QIRKKYREOERvacuum cleaner
N
4VEOXMOER LIRHEOR]E QIPEOYOER rotation movement QIRKKIVEOOER FEHER WIGEVEFIVOEPEYRXYOQRIKLMRHEVMOIPIPELEREOMFEXTVEOXMO]ERKXIVPEPYPEQE
4.
Gambar Solusi E Safety shoes
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
243
F +EQFEVTVEOXMOER]ERKQIRKIREOEREPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVM
G Tools box ]ERKXIVXEXEVETM
H (IWEMRQINEHIRKERPEGMYRXYOTIRIQTEXEREPEXHERQIQMPMOMVEO]ERK QYPXMJYRKWMHERHIWEMR]ERKIVKSRSQMW
I (IWEMROYVWM]ERKJPIOWMFIPOEVIREFMWEHMREMOXYVYROERHERQIQMPMOMWERHEVER ]ERKR]EQER
244
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
J
C.
Vacuum cleaner YRXYOQIQFIVWMLOER HIFYHERTEVXMOIPLEPYW
Almari Penyimpanan Tertutup yang Tidak Diberi Label
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 0IQEVM ]ERK XMHEO HMFIVM PEFIP OIXIVERKER EPEXFELER ]ERK HMWMQTER QIQYRKOMROER TVEOXMOER QIRKEQFMP EPEXFELER ]ERK WEPEL WILMRKKE QIR]IFEFOEROIWEPELERHEPEQTVEOXMOYQ b. Aspek 5S/5R /YVERK VMRKOEW OEVIRE XMHEO NIPEW TIPIXEOOER FELERFELER HM HEPEQ PIQEVMHMWIFEFOERXMHEOXIVHETEXR]EPEFIP TIRIQTEXERPIQEVMOYVERKXITEXOEVIREHMFIPEOERKR]EXIVHETEXNIRHIPE WILEVYWR]E HMPIXEOOER HM HMRHMRK WILMRKKE XMHEO QIRKLEPERKM OIXMOE EOERQIQFIVWMLOEROEGENIRHIPEXIVWIFYX 8EQTMPERPIQEVMWYHELOYWEQWILMRKKEXIVOIWEROSXSV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
245
(IWEMR PIQEVM ]ERK XIVXYXYT QIR]IFEFOER WYPMX QIPMLEX MWM HM HEPEQR]E ETEOELVETMEXEYXMHEOXERTELEVYWQIQFYOER]E 2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E 7EPELTIRKEQFMPEREPEXFELERTVEOXMOYQHETEXQIR]IFEFOEROIWEPELERHEPEQ TVEOXMOYQFEMOOIWEPELERVMRKEREXEYJEXEP F 1IQEVEOMFEXXIVXMQTEFELEREPEX]ERKLIRHEOHMEQFMP G 8IVKIWEKIWE HEPEQ QIRKEQFMP FEVERK HM HEPEQ PIQEVM OEVIRE XIVPEPY PEQE QIRGEVMXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER]ERKXITEXHEVMFELERXIVWIFYX H /YVERKWIQERKEXOEVIREOSRHMWMVEO]ERKWYHELYWMRKHEROSXSV I 4IQFIVWMLEROEGENIRHIPE]ERKOYVERKIJIOXMJEOMFEXXIVLEPERKPIQEVM J 4IKEP OIXMOE LEVYW FSPEOFEPMO QIRKEQFMP FELEREPEX TVEOXMO HEVM PIQEVM ]ERK XIVPEPYVIRHELTSWMWMR]E
3.
Saran (Solusi) E 0IQEVMHMFIVMOERPEFIP]ERKWIWYEMHIRKERFEVERK]ERKHMWMQTERHMHEPEQR]E F 0IQEVM WIFEMOR]E QIQMPMOM VSHE ]ERK JPIOWMFIP EKEV QYHEL HMTMRHELOER XERTE QIRMQFYPOERFIOEWKSVIWERTEHEOIVEQMOYFMR G 4IRIQTEXERPIQEVMWIFEMOR]EHMTMRHELOEREKEVXMHEOQIRKELEPERKMNIRHIPE H .MOE QIQYRKOMROER HETEX HMKERXM HIRKER PIQEVM ]ERK XVERWTEVER WILMRKKE HETEXHIRKERHMPMLEXMWMHEROIVETMERR]EREQYRFMPEXMHEOQIQYRKOMROERGYOYT HIRKERQIQFIVWMLOEREXEYQIRKIGEXPIQEVMXIVWIFYXEKEVXIVPMLEXPIFMLVIWMO I 1IR]YWYR FELEREPEX ]ERK HMWMQTER HIRKER VETM HER WIWYEM HIRKER WTIWMJMOEWMR]EYRXYOQIQTIVQYHELHEPEQQIRKEQFMPHERQIRKIQFEPMOERR]E EKEVXIXETVETM J (IWEMR PIQEVM HMFYEX FIVZEVMEWM HMQERE XMRKKM VIRHELR]E QIR]IWYEMOER FIVEX EPEXFELER]ERKHMWMQTERWILMRKKEQYHELOIXMOEQIQMRHELOERR]E K (MFIVMOERPEFIPOLYWYWTEHEVEOTIR]MQTERER]ERKQIRKERHYRKFELERFELER FIVFELE]EFIVEGYRWILMRKKEXMHEOHMSXEOEXMOSPILWIQFEVERKSVERK L 1IPEOYOER TIQFIVWMLER WIGEVE FIVOEPE XIVLEHET PIQEVM TIR]MQTERER YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVMXIVXMQFYRR]EHIFYHIFYHMHEPEQPIQEVMTIR]MQTERER M
4.
1IPEOYOERTIREXEERHERTIVE[EXERFELEREPEX]ERKHMWMQTERWIGEVEFIVOEPE
Gambar Solusi E 0IQEVM]ERKHMFIVMPEFIPOIXIVERKERFELEREPEX]ERKHMWMQTERTEHEQEWMRK QEWMRKVEOR]E
246
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
F 0IQEVMHIRKERVSHE]ERKQYHELHMTMRHELOER
G 0IQEVMHIRKEROEGE]ERKQIQYHELOERHEPEQTIRKIGIOERMWMR]E
D.
Sarang Laba-Laba di Pojok Langit-Langit
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 7EVERK PEFEPEFE XIVWIFYX OIXMOE XIVOIRE ERKMR QEOE EOER QIRIVFERKOER HIFYHIFYLEPYWOIWIPYVYLVYERKER b. Aspek 5S/5R 8MHEOVIWMOWILMRKKEXIVPMLEXOSXSVHERXMHEOVETM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
247
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) a. -VMXEWMQEXE]ERKHMWIFEFOEROSXSVER]ERKNEXYLQIRKIREMQEXETVEOXMOER b. %TEFMPE QEXE TVEOXMOER XIVOIRE HIFY HEVM PERKMXPERKMX FIRKOIP TERHERKER QEXEQIRNEHMOEFYVWILMRKKEHMQYRKOMROERXERKERWEPELQIQIKERKFEKMER ]ERK FIVEVYW HER QIQFYEX TVEOXMOER XIVWIRKEX PMWXVMO ETEFMPE FEKMER ]ERK XIVWIRXYLXIVEPMVMEVYWPMWXVMO c. +ERKKYER TIVREJEWER WITIVXM FEXYO LMRKKE WIWEO RETEW EOMFEX HIFY ]ERK XIVLMVYT d. /YVERKFIVWIQERKEXOEVIREPMRKOYRKEROSXSV e. 7IGEVEIWXIXMOEXMHEOFEMOOEVIREXMHEOQEWYOHEPEQOVMXIVME6IWMO
3.
Saran (Solusi) 1IQFIVWMLOER
PERKMXPERKMX
FIRKOIP
WIGEVE
XIVEXYV
HIRKER
QIRKKYREOERvacuum cleaner EKEVHIFYR]EXMHEOQIR]IFEVOIWIPYVYLVYERKER 4.
Gambar Solusi E
+EQFEVPERKMXPERKMX]ERKFIVWML
E.
Box Panel yang Tidak Ada Penutupnya
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 8MHEO EHETIRKEQERERTEHEFELERTVEOXMOER FS\TERIPXMHEOHMXYXYTHER
HMOYRGM
248
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
b. Aspek 5S/5R 4IRKE[EXEROEFIPHMHEPEQTERIPOYVERKVETMWILMRKKEQIQYRKOMROER XIVNEHMLYFYRKWMRKOEX 4ERIPXMHEO HMPIRKOETMHIRKERREQITPEXHEROIXIVERKERXIRXERKNIRMW TERIPHERVYERKER]ERKHMOIRHEPMOERSPILTERIPXIVWIFYX 8MHEOXIVHETEXXERHEFELE]ETEHEFEHERTERIP 2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E .MOE XERKERTVEOXMOERQIR]IRXYLFEKMER]ERKHMEPMVMPMWXVMOTVEOXMOERHETEX XIVOIREOINYXPMWXVMO F NMOEXIVNEHMOIFSGSVERWEEXLYNERQEOEEMVHETEXQEWYOOIHEPEQTERIPHER QIQYRKOMROERXIVNEHMR]ELYFYRKWMRKOEX G 4ERIP ]ERK XMHEO QIQMPMOM OIXIVERKER REQI TPEX EOER QIR]YPMXOER OIXMOE QIPEOYOER maintenance
TIVFEMOER HER QIQYRKOMROER XIVNEHMR]E
OIWEPELER OIXMOE TIVFEMOER EXEY TIRKSTIVEWMER TERIP HER HETEX QIRKEOMFEXOER LYFYRK WMRKOEX EXEY OIVYWEOER EPEXFELER WIVXE HETEX QIQMGY XIVNEHMR]E OIFEOEVER OIXMOE XIVNEHM PIHEOER EXEY LYFYRK WMRKOEX ]ERKXMHEOQEQTYHMXERKERMSPILEPEXTIRKEQER]ERKXIPELXIVTEWERK 3.
Saran (Solusi) E 4ERIPHMXYXYTHERHMFIVMOEROYRGMEKEVXMHEOHETEXHMFYOEHERHMSXEOEXMOSPIL TMLEO]ERKXMHEOFIVXERKKYRKNE[EF F (MFIVMOERname platHEROIXIVERKER]ERKNIPEWWITIVXMTIRKKYREERXSQFSP NIRMWTERIPVYERKER]ERKHMOIRHEPMOERWIVXEXERHEFELE]ETEHEFEHERTERIP XIVWIFYX
4.
Gambar Solusi 4ERIP]ERKHMPIRKOETMOYRGMHERREQITPEXIWIVXEOIXIVERKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
249
F.
Penempatan dan Kondisi Alat Pemadam Kebakaran
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 8MHEO EHE TSWXIV TIXYRNYO TIRKKYREER EPEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER XIVWIFYX 8MHEO EHE OIXIVERKER XIRXERK OSRHMWM %4%6 ETEOEL QEWML FMWE HMKYREOEREXEYXMHEO b. Aspek 5S/5R
2.
%4%6OYVERKXIVE[EXWILMRKKEXMHEOVIWMO
4IRIQTEXER%4%6OYVERKVETM
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E %TEFMPE XIVNEHM OIFEOEVER WYPMX QIRIQYOER EPEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER XIVWIFYX
250
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
F /IXMOE XIVNEHM OIFEOEVER SVERK ]ERK XMHEO QIRKIXELYM FEKEMQERE GEVE TIRKKYREERR]E EOER OIFMRKYRKER HER QIQFYEX OIFEOEVER WIQEOMR FIWEV G %4%6QIRNEHMGITEXVYWEOOEVIREXMHEOHMVE[EXHIRKERFEMO H 8IVPMLEXYWMRKHEROSXSVOEVIREXMHEOHMFIVWMLOER I 1IR]YPMXOEROIXMOEEOERQIRKEQFMP%4%6WEEXXIVNEHMOIFEOEVERWILMRKKE OIFEOEVER XMHEO HETEX HMXERKERM WIFEKEMQERE QIWXMR]E HER EOLMVR]E QRIKEOMFEXOEROIVYKMERFEMONM[EQEYTYRQEXIVMMP 3.
Saran (Solusi) E 1IQFIVM XERHE FEL[E HM XIQTEX XIVWIFYX XIVHETEX EPEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER F 1IQMRHELOEREPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHMXIQTEX]ERKPIFMLWXVEXIKMWHER QYHELHMNERKOEY G 1IQFIVM TSWXIV XIRXERK XEXEGEVE TIRKKYREER EPEX TIQEHEQ OIFEOEVER %TEV XIVWIFYX H 1IQTIVFER]EONIRMWEPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVERHERHMXIQTEXOERHMPSOEWM ]ERKWXVEXIKMWQYHELHMPMLEXWIVXEQYHELHMEOWIW
4.
Gambar Solusi E %PEX4IQEHEQ/IFEOEVERHMWIVXEMTIXYRNYOTIRKKYREERR]E
F 4IXYRNYOOIFIVEHEEREPEXTIQEHEQOIFEOEVER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
251
G.
Lorong
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3 PERXEMXMHEOVEXEWILMRKKEQIQYRKOMROERXIVTIPIWIX
b.
Aspek 5S/5R 0ERXEM XIVPMLEX XMHEO XIVE[EX OEVIRE XIVHETEX FER]EO XEQFEPER TEHE PERXEMWILMRKKEQIQFYEXR]EFIVKIPSQFERK
2. Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) E 1IQEVEOMFEXXIVNEXYLOEVIREPERXEM]ERKXMHEOVEXE F 8MHEOFMWEHMKYREOERYRXYOEVEL WILMRKKEVE[ERXYFVYOER 3. Saran (Solusi) E 1IQFIVMEVELNEPEROIPYEVHERQEWYOPSVSRKHMFYEXWEXYNEPYVWENEOEVIRE PSVSRKXIVPEPYWIQTMX F 1IQFIVM TIRIVERKER ]ERK GYOYT OEVIRE XMHEO EHE NIRHIPE ]ERK HETEX QIQFIVMOERTIRGELE]EEREPEQM
252
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
H.
Almari Penyimpanan Helm Pelindung
1. Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 4IRIQTEXERLIPQ]ERKXMHEOXIVXEXEHETEXQIRMQTETVEOXMOER b. Aspek 5S/5R ,IPQTIPMRHYRKXMHEOXIVXEXEHIRKERVETM 7YPMXHEPEQQIRKEQFMPHERQIRKIQFEPMOERHERXMHEOIREOHMTERHERK 4IREXEERLIPQ]ERKFIVXYQTYOXYQTYOXIVOIWERXMHEOVMRKOEW 2. Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) a. Aspek K3 1IQEVEOMFEXXIVXMQTELIPQ]ERKPIXEOR]EPIFMLXMRKKMHEVMOITEPE b. Aspek 5S/5R 4IQERHERKER]ERKOYVERKVETMEOMFEXTIREXEER]ERKOYVERKFEMO /YVERKVMRKOEWOEVIREXMHEOXIVHETEXFIVETENYQPELLIPQ]ERKEHEHER QEWMLHEPEQOSRHMWMFEMO 4IRIQTEXER LIPQ ]ERK FIVXYQTYOXYQTYO HETEX QIR]IFEFOER LIPQ QIRNEHMGITEXVYWEO 3. Saran (Solusi) E QIVETMOERLIPQ]ERKFIVEHEHMPIQEVMTIR]MQTERER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
253
F QIR]IHMEOER PIQEVM TIR]MQTERER ]ERK XMHEO XIVPEPY XMRKKM WILMRKKE QIQYHELOEROIXMOEQIRKEQFMP G QIQFIVMOER TMRXY OEGE TEHE PIQEVM EKEV LIPQ XMHEO NEXYL HER QIRMQTE TVEOXMOER 4. Gambar Solusi 0IQEVMHIRKERHEJXEVOIXIVERKER check PMWX EPEXFELER]ERKHMWMQTER
I.
Almari Penyimpanan Berkaca
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3 4IRIQTEXER FEVERK FIVXYQTYOXYQTYO WILMRKKE HMOLE[EXMVOER FMWE NEXYLQIRMQTETVEOXMOERWI[EOXYEOERHMEQFMP (IFY EOMFEX PIQEVM ]ERK OSXSV HETEX QIRKKERKKY PMRKOYRKER WIOMXEVR]EXIVYXEQEOIXMOEPIQEVMHMFYOE
b.
Aspek 5S/5R 8MHEO EHE PEFIP OIXIVERKER EPEXFELER ]ERK HMWMQTER WILMRKKE XMHEO VMRKOEW /EGENEVERKHMFIVWMLOERWILMRKKEXIVPMLEXOSXSV 4VMRWMTVE[EXOYVERKFEMOOEVIRETIREXEERXMHEOXIVEXYV
254
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4VMRWMT VETM OYVERK OEVIRE TIREXEER FIVXYQTYOXYQTYO HER FIVERXEOER
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) a.
Aspek K3 1IQEVEOMFEXXIVXMQTEEPEXFELER]ERKNEXYLOIXMOEPIQEVMHMFYOE -VMXEWMTEHEQEXEHERKERKKYERTIVRETEWEREOMFEXHIFY]ERKFER]EO QIRIQTIPHMHEPEQPIQEVM
b.
Aspek 5S/5R 4IQERHERKER]ERKOYVERKVETMEOMFEXTIREXEER]ERKOYVERKFEMO /YVERKVMRKOEWOEVIREXMHEOXIVHETEXTIPEFIPER 4IRIQTEXER FEVERK ]ERK FIVXYQTYOXYQTYO HETEX QIR]IFEFOER FEVERKQIRNEHMGITEXVYWEO
3.
Saran (Solusi) E
1IVETMOEREPEXFELER]ERKFIVEHEHMPIQEVMTIR]MQTERER
F
1IR]IHMEOER PIQEVM TIR]MQTERER ]ERK XMHEO XIVPEPY VIRHEL WILMRKKE QIQYHELOEROIXMOEQIRKEQFMP
G
1IQFIVMOERPEFIPOIXIVERKEREPEXFELER]ERKHMWMQTERHMQEWMRKQEWMRK VEOPIQEVM
H
(MFIVWMLOER WIGEVE FIVOEPE EKEV XMHEO WEQTEM XIVHETEX HIFYHIFY LEPYW QEYTYRTEVXMOIPTEVXMOIPLEPYWHMHEPEQPIQEVM
I
1IPEOYOER TIRKIGIOER OSRHMWM HER NYQPEL EPEXFELER ]ERK HMWMQTER WIGEVEFIVOEPE
J
1IRKKERXM PIQEVM OE]Y HIRKER PIQEVM PSKEQ VMRKER ]ERK PIFML OYEX HER VMRKER
4.
Gambar Solusi 0IQEVMPSKEQVMRKERHIRKEROEGE]ERKOSOSLHERVMRKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
255
J.
Lantai yang Retak
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 0ERXEMVIXEOWILMRKKEFEKMERFEKMERR]EQIRNEHMXENEQ b. Aspek 5S/5R
0ERXEM XMHEO HMVE[EX WILMRKKE QIRKEPEQM OIVYWEOER TVMRWMT VE[EX OYVERK
0ERXEM]ERKFIVPYFERKQIQYRKOMROERHIFYEXEYWEQTELOIGMPXIVWIPMT HMHEPEQR]EWILMRKKEXIVPMLEXOSXSV
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) 1IQEVXIVKSVIWLMRKKEPYOEFIVHEVELEOMFEXXIVWERHYRKOIVEQMO]ERKVIXEO -VMXEWM TEHE QEXE HER KERKKYER TIVRETEWER EOMFEX HIFY ]ERK FER]EO QIRIQTIPHMPERXEM]ERKVYWEO 4IQERHERKER]ERKOYVERKXIVE[EX
3.
Saran (Solusi) 1IRKKERXMOIVEQMO]ERKVYWEOHIRKER]ERKFEVY
256
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4.
Gambar Solusi
Lantai yang rapi dan resik
K.
Papan Pengumuman
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3 /YVERKR]EMRJSVQEWM]ERKHMXIQTIPOERHMTETERTIRKYQYQER
b.
Aspek 5S/5R /YVERK QIRIVETOER TVMRWMT VE[EX OEVIRE TIRKYQYQER ]ERK HMXIQTIP XMHEOHMKERXMWIGEVEFIVOEPE XIVupdate
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) E /IFMRKYRKER HER OIXMHEOTELEQER EOMFEX OYVERKR]E MRJSVQEWM ]ERK HMFIVMOER HEPEQ TETER TIRKYQYQER WIVXE TIRKYQYQER ]ERK XMHEO XIV update F (MRHMRK ]ERK HMXIQTIPM TETER TIRKYQYQER QIRNEHM XMHEO VETM HER WYPMX YRXYOHMGEXYPERK
3.
Saran (Solusi) E 1IPEOYOERTIVE[EXERTETERTIRKYQYQER F 1IRKMWM TETER TIRKYQYQER XIRXERK NEH[EPNEH[EP HER MRJSVQEWM MRJSVQEWMTIRXMRK]ERKHMTIVPYOERSPILTVEOXMOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
257
G 1IRKKERXMTIRKYQYQER]ERKWYHELXMHEOFIVPEOY H 1IRKupdate MRJSVQEWM ]ERK HMXIQTIPOER WILMRKKE XMHEO QIR]IFEFOER OIWEPELTELEQER I 1IRKKERXMTETERTIRKYQYQERHIRKEROEGEHERVSHEEKEVXMHEOFIVHIFY HERQYHELYRXYOHMTMRHELOER 4.
Gambar Solusi 4ETERTIRKYQYQERHIRKEROEGE]ERKNIVRMLHERVSHEEKEVQYHEL HMTMRHELOER
L.
Penamaan Ruang
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a. Aspek K3 1IQYRKOMROER TVEOXMOER WEPEL QEWYO VYERKER OEVIRE PEFIP REQE XIQTEXXIVOIPYTEWLMPERK 8MHEO QIRKIXELYM ETEOEL VYERKER XIVWIFYX FSPIL HMEOWIW SPIL WIQYE SVERK EXEY LER]E FSPIL HMEOWIW SPIL OEPERKER XIVXIRXY HIRKER TIVPIRKOETEROLYWYW 8MHEO XIVHETEX XERHE FELE]E EXEY OIXIVERKER WMETE WENE ]ERK FSPIL QIQEWYOMVYERKERXIVWIFYX b. Aspek 5S/5R 8MHEOQIQIRYLMTVMRWMTVMRKOEWOEVIREXIVHETEXVYERKER]ERKXMHEOFIVPEFIP
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) &MWEFIVIWMOSNMOEHMXIQTEXXIVWIFYXXIVHETEXFELERFIVFELE]EFIVEGYR
258
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
3.
Saran (Solusi) E 1IQEWERKTETERREQEVYERKERHMWIXMETVYERKER]ERKEHEHMFIRKOIP F 1IQFIVMOIXIVERKERWMETEWENE]ERKFSPILQIQEWYOMVYERKERXIVWIFYX
4.
Gambar Solusi 4ETERREQETMRXYHIRKEROIXIVERKER
4ETERREQEVYERK
M.
Tempat Sampah
1. Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3
8IVHETEXWEQTEL]ERKXMHEOWIWYEMHIRKERXIQTEXR]E XEFYRKPEQTY ]ERKHMFYERKFIVWEQEWEQTELSVKERMOHERRSRSVKERMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
259
8MHEO XIVHETEX PEFIP NIRMW WEQTEL ]ERK LEVYW HMFYERK OI QEWMRK QEWMRKXIQTEXWEQTEL
8MHEO QIQMPMOM TIRYXYT WILMRKKE OIXMOE LYNER HETEX QIRNEHM WEVERK XIPYVR]EQYO
b.
Aspek 5S/5R a.
8MHEO QIQIRYLM TVMRWMT VIWMO OEVIRE WEQTEL QEWML FIVWIVEOER HMWIOMXEVXIQTEXWEQTEL
b.
8MHEOQIQIRYLMTVMRWMT VMRKOEWHERVETMOEVIREQEWMLFIVGIGIV
c.
8MHEO XIVE[EX OEVIRE OSRHMWM XIQTEX WEQTEL ]ERK WYHEL VYWEO XIVYXEWEXMERKTIR]ERKKER]E
2. Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) E
&EY HM WIOMXEV XIQTEX WEQTEL ]ERK HETEX QIR]IFEFOER QYEPQYEP HER QIR]IFEVR]EOYQERTIR]EOMX
F
4IQERHERKER]ERKOYVERKXIVE[EX
G
4IR]EOMXHIQEQFIVHEVELHERQEPEVMEEOMFEXEMV]ERKXIVXEQTYRKHMHEPEQ XIQTEXWEQTELQINEHMWEVERKXIPYVR]EQYOTIQFE[ETIR]EOMX
H
/SRHMWM TWMOSPSKMW ]ERK OYVERK FEMO QIR]IFEFOER OYVERK WIQERKEX WILMRKKE TVSHYOXMZMXEW OIVNE FIVOYVERK EOMFEX PMRKOYRKER ]ERK OSXSV HER FEY
I 3.
1IRMQFYPOERIJIOHSQMRSHEVMXIQTEXWEQTEL
Saran (Solusi) E
1IQTIVFEMOMXIQTEXWEQTEL]ERKXIVGIGIVEKEVHMTEWERKOIQFEPMOIXMERK TIR]ERKKER]E
F
1IQMPMLHIWEMRXIQTEXWEQTEL]ERKWIWYEMHIRKERWEQTEL]ERKHMFYERK QMWEPOER HMFIHEOER QIRNEHM ]EMXY SVKERMO RSR SVKERMO HER WEQTEL OEPIRKFSXSPWILMRKKEQIQYHELOERHEPEQTIRKSPELERR]E
G
1IQFYEX WMWXIQ TIRKSPELER PMQFEL ]ERK FEMO HM PMRKOYRKER FIRKOIP WILMRKKEWEQTELXMHEOLER]EHMFYERKYRXYOHMFEOEVHMXMQFYR
H
8IQTEXWEQTELXIVXYXYTWILMRKKEXMHEOEHEEMVLYNER]ERKQIRKKIRERKHM HEPEQR]E
4. Gambar Solusi (IWEMR XIQTEX WEQTEL outdoor ]ERK QIQMPMOM OIXIVERKER NIPEW XIRXERK NIRMW WEQTEL]ERKHMTMWELOERWIVXEFIRXYO]ERKYRMO
260
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
(IWEMR XIQTEX WEQTEL indoor ]ERK QIQMPMOM OIXIVERKER NIPEW XIRXERK NIRMW WEQTEL ]ERK HMTMWELOER WIVXE FIRXYO ]ERK YRMO YRXYO TIRKKYREER HM HEPEQ VYERKER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
261
N.
Pemasangan AC (Air Conditioner)
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3 0ERXEMVIXEOWILMRKKEFEKMERFEKMERR]EQIRNEHMXENEQ
b.
Aspek 5S/5R /MTEW %' XMHEO HMVE[EX WILMRKKE QIRKEPEQM OIVYWEOER TVMRWMT VE[EX OYVERK &ER]EOHIFY]ERKQIRIQTIPTEHE%'WILMRKKEXMHEOVIWMO 4IREXEER%'XMHEOVETM HMPIXEOOERHMEXEWTMRXY WILMRKKEOYVERKIJIOXMJ
2.
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/penyakit) (IFY ]ERK XIVFE[E OMTEW %' HETEX QIR]IFEFOER MVMXEWM QEXE HER KERKKYER TIVRETEWER
3.
Saran (Solusi) 1IQMRHELOER TIRIQTEXER %' TEHE HMRHMRK WIXIPEL TMRXY QEWYO WILMRKKE TVEOXMOER]ERKQIQEWYOMVYERKERPERKWYRKQIVEWEOEROIWINYOERHEVM%'
4.
Gambar Solusi 4SWMWMTIQEWERKEROMTEW%G]ERKFEMO4IQEWERKER%']ERKFEMO
O.
262
Poster K3
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1.
Permasalahan (Sumber Bahaya) a.
Aspek K3
8IQETSWXIVOYVERKWIWYEMHEROYVERKOSQYRMOEXMJOEVIREXYPMWERR]E ]ERKWYHELYWERKWILMRKKEGIRHIVYRKOYVERKHMTIVLEXMOER
4SWXIV ]ERK HMTEWERK WYHEL XIVXMRKKEP NEQER WILMRKKE XMHEO VIPIZER PEKM
b.
2.
Aspek 5S/5R
4SWXIVWYHELXMHEOXIVPEPYNIPEWHEROYVERKQIREVMO
4SWXIVWYHELYWERKWILMRKKEXIVOIWEROSXSV
+EQFEVHERXYPMWERR]EXIVOIWEROYVERKXIVE[EX
Potensi Bahaya (Resiko/Penyakit) a.
Aspek K3 /IPEPEMER HEPEQ TVEOXMO EOMFEX OYVERKR]E MRJSVQEWM XIRXERK OIWIPEQEXER
OIVNE
WILMRKKE
HETEX
QIRMQFYPOER
FER]EO
OIXMHEOTELEQERXIRXERKOIWIPEQEXERHMHEPEQTVEOXMO /IXMHEOTELEQER TVEOXMOER EXEW FELE]E HM HEPEQ FIRKOIP EOMFEX OYVERKR]E MRJSVQEWM HEPEQ FIRXYO TSWXIVTSWXIV ]ERK OSQYRMOEXMJ MRSZEXMJHERQYHELHMTELEQM b.
Aspek 5S/5R 6YERKER]ERKXMHEO VIWMOHERXIVPMLEXOSXSVOEVIRETSWXIV]ERKXIVTEWERK WYHELYWERK
3.
Saran (Solusi) E 1IRKKERXM TSWXIV HIRKER ]ERK PIFML QIREVMO WILMRKKE TIWER HETEX XIVWEQTEMOERHIRKERFEMOHERPIFMLFIVZEVMEWMQYPEMHEVMLMQFEYERXIRXERK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
263
OIWIPEQEXER OIVNE WIPEPY QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM XEXE GEVE TIRKKYREEREPEXHWF F 1IRKKERXMTSWXIVHIRKER[EVRE[EVRE]ERKQIRGSPSOEKEVQYHELXIVPMLEX HER QIRKKYREOER FELEWE ]ERK WIHIVLERE OSQYRMOEXMJ WIVXE QYHEL HMTELEQM G 4SWXIV]ERKHMTEWERKWIFEMOR]EHEPEQFELEWE-RHSRIWMEEXEYNMOEHEPEQ FELEWE MRKKVMW LIRHEOR]E QIRKKYREOER OSWEOEXE ]ERK WIHIVLERE HER QYHELHMTELEQM H (IWEMRTSWXIVHMFYEXWIMRSZEXMJQYRKOMRWILMRKKEQIREVMOYRXYOHMFEGEHER PEQEOIPEQEEREOERHMTVEOXMOERSPILTIQFEGER]E 4.
Gambar Solusi E 4SWXIVLMQFEYERYRXYOQIRKIREOEREPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVM F 4SWXIVLMQFEYERQIR]IHMEOEROSXEO4/ G 4SWXIV,MQFEYERYRXYOFIPENEVOWIFIPYQGIPEOE H 4SWXIVLMQFEYERXIVLEHETOINYXPMWXVMO I 4SWXIVERNYVERTOTEHEWEEXOIVEGYRER J 4SWXIVLMQFEYERQIQFYERKWEQTELTEHEXIQTEXR]E K 4SWXIVLMQFEYERQIQEOEMWEJIX]WLSIW
264
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
P.
Emergency Button (Tombol Emergency) 8MHEO XIVHETEXR]E IQIVKIRG] FYXXSR ]ERK WILEVYWR]E HETEX HMKYREOER YRXYO QIR]EPEOERWMVMRIXERHEFELE]E 7SPYWM TIQEWERKER WMVMRI HER XSQFSP HEVYVEX TEHE FIRKOIP WILMRKKE OIXMOE XIVNEHMOIGIPEOEERXIVYXEQEOIFEOEVEREOERHIRKERGITEXHTEXHMXERKERM
Q.
Emergency Exit 8MHEOXIVHETEXR]EXERHEIQIVKIRG]I\MX]ERKNIPEW (MTEWERKTSWXIVIQIVKIRH]I\MXOIEVELTMRXYOIPYEVHEVYVEX E
8ERHEFELE]EHERTSWXIVPIXEOIQIVKIRG]I\MX
F
8ERHEIQIVKIRG]I\MX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
265
R.
Instalasi Pemadam Api Otomatis 8MHEOXIVWIHMER]EMRWXEPEWMTIQEHEQETMSXSQEXMW]ERKFIOIVNEOIXMOEXIVHETEX EWETHEVMLEWMPOIFEOEVER]ERKXIVNEHM]ERKEOERWIKIVEQIRKEOXMJOERTMTEEMV HERWLS[IV]ERKEOERWIKIVEQIQEHEQOERETMWILMRKKEXMHEOXIVNEHMOIVYKMER R]E[EHERQEXIVMMP 7SPYWM TIQEWERKERMRWXEPEWMTIQEHEQETMSXSQEXMW 4IQEHEQ%TM3XSQEXMW]ERKHMTEWERKTEHEPERKMXPERKMXHER7MWXIQQERYEP
266
A.
Lab Komputer Dasar
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB VI
APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA LABOLATORIUM KOMPUTER A.
Lab Komputer Dasar 0EFOSQTYXIVHEWEVQIVYTEOERWEPELWEXYPEF]ERKEHEHMNYVYWERTIRHMHMOERXIORMO IPIOXVSRMOE/SRHMWMPEFMRMQEWMLHEPEQOIEHEEROYVERKFEMOOEVIREVYERKERWERKEX WIQTMXTIRIQTEXERFELER]ERKXMHEOXIVXEXEJEWMPMXEW]ERKOYVERKQIQEHEMHER HIWEMR XEXE VYERK OYVERK FEMO 3PIL OEVIRE MXY FIFIVETE EREPMWE WIOEPMKYW WSPYWM WERKEXHMTIVPYOERYRXYOTIVFEMOEROSRHMWMPEFOSQTYXIVHEWEVHMNYVYWERTIRHMHMOER XIORMOIPIOXVSRMOE 1.
Jalur akses laboratorium
Solusi
E4MRXYQEWYOPEFOSQTYXIVHEWEV
F4MRXYQEWYO]ERKPIFEV
Analisa 5S
OEGEFIVHIFY XMHEOVIWMO
K3
FIVXEFVEOERWEPMRKHSVSRKXIVNEXYL
PAK
MVMXEWMQEXEWIWEOREJEWQIQEVTEHEOYPMX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
267
7SPYWM
4MRXY 0IFEV QYHEL YRXYO EOWIW OIPYEV QEWYO VYERKER HER QIQYHELOERHEPEQTVSWIWIZEOYEWM
7IFEMOR]E TMRXY HMTIVPIFEV HER HMFIVM TMRXY HEVYVEX EKEV ERXEVE TIRKKYRE WEXY HIRKER]ERKPEMRR]EXMHEOWEPMRKFIVWIRKKSPERHERYRXYOQIQMRMQEPMWMVXIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEER WITIVXM XIVNEXYL FIRXYVER OITEPE PIGIX HWF 4MRXY YXEQE HER TMRXY HEVYVEXLEVYWWIPEPYHMFIVWMLOERHEVMFIRHEFIRHE]ERKQIRKLEPERKMWYTE]EXMHEO QIRKLEQFEX HEPEQ TVSWIW IZEOYEWM 3PIL OEVIRE MXY TIOIVNE XMHEO TIVPY GIQEW EXEYOIXEOYXEROIXMOEXIVNEHMKIQTEEXEYOIFEOEVER 2.
Penataan Barang Yang Tidak Digunakan
Analisa 5S
: FIVWIVEOER seiton WYPMX QIQFIHEOER FEVERK ]ERK FEMO shitsuke FIVHIFY seiketsu XIVHETEXFEVERKXMHEOHMTIVPYOER WIMVM
K3
: OINEXYLERQSRMXSVERGEQERWIVERKKEXIVWERHYRK
PAK
: MVMXEWMQEXEKERKKYERTIVREJEWERQIRMRKKEP
Solusi
: 4IREXEER FEVERK ]ERK VETM EOER QIQMRMQEPMWMV WEPEL EQFMP
FEVERKVYERKKIVEOPIFMLPYEWXMHEOQIRKKERKKYTVSWIWIZEOYEWMHERVEWE R]EQERHEPEQFIOIVNEEOERXIVGMTXE
268
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Solusi:
&EVERK ]ERK FIPYQ EOER HMKYREOER WIFEMOR]E HMWMRKOMVOER HEVM EVIE OIVNE HER HMNEHMOERWEXYWIWYEMNIRMWR]E,EPMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRNEKEEVIETVSHYOWMXIXET FIVWMLR]EQERHEROIWILEXEREOERPIFMLXIVNEKE7IPEMRMXYOSRHMWM]ERKWITIVXMMRM EOER QIQTIVQYHEL HEPEQ TVSWIW IZEOYEWM ETEFMPE XIVNEHM FIRGERE OEVIRE XMHEO EHEFEVERK]ERKQIRKLEPERKMNEPYVEOWIWIZEOYEWM8MHEOEHER]E]ERKQIRKLEQFEX WEEXTVSWIWIZEOYEWMXIRXYEOERQIQFYEXTIOIVNEPIFMLR]EQERHEPEQFIOIVNE 3.
Koridor Laboratorium
Analisa: 5S
: KERK OYVERK PIFEV TIVPY EHER]E TIR]IKEVER PERXEM OEVIRE WYHEL FER]EO]ERKVYWEO
K3
: FIVXEFVEOERFIRXYVERXIVWERHYRK
PAK
: WEOMXTMRKKERKWXVIWW
Solusi
: KERK]ERKPIFEVQIQYHELOERHEPEQQIQMRHELOERFEVERKFIOIVNE PIFML IJMWMIRXMHEOFER]EOQIQFYERKXIREKEHERR]EEQERHEPEQ FIOIVNE4IRERHEERVYXIXVERWTSVXEWMQIRNEKEOIR]EQERERHEPEQ FIOIVNEQIQYHELOERTVSWIWIZEOYEWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
269
Solusi
E+ERKYRXYOEVYWHYEEVEL
F6YXIXVERWTSVXEW
/SVMHSV PEFSVEXSVMYQ NYKE QIQIVPYOER WIFYEL TIVE[EXER ]ERK GYOYT WYPMX7EPEL WEXYTIVE[EXER]ERKTIVPYHMPEOYOEREHEPELQIRNEKEOSVMHSVXIXETFIVWMLHEVMFIRHE ETETYR,EPMRMFIVXYNYERWYTE]EOSVMHSVXIXETFMWEHMKYREOEREVYWEVELHERXIRXY NYKE EOER QIQHYELOER HEPEQ TVSWIW IZEOYEWM ETEFMPE XIVNEHM FIRGERE EPEQ QEYTYROIFEOEVER7IPEMRMXYPERXEMOSVMHSVNYKETIVPYHMVE[EXEKEVXMHEOPMGMRYRXYO QIRKLMRHEVMOIGIPEOEEROIVNE XIVTIPIWIXXYQTELERQMR]EOEMVHPP 4.
Kursi Laboratorium
Analisa: 5S
: OYVWM XIVWIFYX VYWEO WILMRKKE OIWERR]E PEF OYVERK HMVE[EX OEVIRE FER]EOFEVERK]ERKVYWEO
K3
: OYVWM]ERKWITIVXMMXYHETEXQIR]IFEFOERSVERK]ERKHYHYOHMOYVWM XIVWIFYX
QIRKEPEQM
KERKKYER
TEHE
XYPERK
]EMXY
PSHSVWMWSWXISTSVSWMW PA
:WOPIVISWMWOMVHSWMWHERPSHSVWMW
Solusi
: OYVWM]ERKJPIOWMFIPHIRKERWERHEVERTYRKKYRK HETEXHMEXYVWIWYEM OIMRKMREREOERQIQFERXYHEPEQQIRGMTXEOEROIR]EQERERHEPEQ FIOIVNE
270
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
/YVWM ]ERK XMHEO WXERHEV EOER QIQFYEX TIRKKYRER]E QIPEOYOER OIFMEWEER ]ERK FYVYOQMWEPR]EGEVEHYHYO]ERKWEPELWITIVXMTYRKKYRKXIVPEPYQIVYRHYOOIHITER XIVPEPYQIVYRHYOOIFIPEOERKHERXIVPEPYQIQFIRKOSOOIWEQTMRK,EPMRMXIRXYEOER QIR]IFEFOERTVSWIWOIVNEXMHEOIJIOXMJHERXMHEOIJMWMIROEVIRETIOIVNEEOERGITEX QIVEWEPIPEL 5.
Pemasangan Stop Kontak & Saklar
Analisa: 5S
TIQEWERKEROSXEOOSRXEOXIVPMLEXXMHEOVETM
K3
TIQEWERKERWXSTOSRXEOHERWEOPEV]ERKXMHEOTEHEXIQTEXR]EHETEX QIR]IFEFOERTIRKKYRE]ERKQIRKSTIVEWMOERWXSTOSRXEOHERWEOPEV XIVWIFYX XIVWIXVYQ OEVIRE XMHEO XEY ETEOEL WXST OSRXEO HER WEOPEV XIVWIFYXQEWMLFIVSTIVEWMHIRKERFEMOEXEYXMHEO
Solusi
: 4IRERHEEROIVNEWEOPEVEOERQIQFERXYHEPEQTIRKSTIVEWMEREKEV XMHEO WEPEL XIOER 4IQEWERKER OSXEO OSRXEO VETM QYHEL XIVNERKOEY HEREQER :4IQEWERKERWEOPEVHER4IQEWERKEROSXEOOSRXEO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
271
4IRERHEER WEOPEV QIQERK WERKEX HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM XIVNEHMR]E OIWEPELERQIRIOERWEOPEV7EOPEVNYKELEVYWHMPMRHYRKMWYTE]EWEOPEVXMHEOFIVYFEL TSWMWMWIGEVEXMHEOHMWIRKENE/SXEOOSRXEOLEVYWFIVTIRKEQERYRXYOQIRKLMRHEVM FELE]E WIRXYL4IRKEQER MRM HETEX FIVYTE TIRYXYT OSRXEO OSXEO OSRXEO TYXEV KVSYRHQEYTYRTIRKEQERHIRKERWEOPEV
6.
Instalasi Listrik-Kotak Kontak
Solusi
E/SXEOOSRXEOHMFE[ELQINE
F/SXEOOSRXEO]ERKFEMO
Analisa 5S
: XMHEOVETMOEVIREVYERKOSXEOOSRXEO]ERKXIVPEPYWIQTMXHERHETEX QIRMQFYPOERFELE]E
K3
: WXSTOSRXEO]ERKXMHEOTEHEXIQTEXR]EHETEXQIR]IFEFOERSVERK
OIWIXVYQOEVIREXMHEOXEYOEPEYHMFE[ELQINEXIVWIFYXEHEWXST
OSRXEOR]E
Solusi
: /SXEO OSRXEO ]ERK XIVTEWERK VETM QYHEL XIVNERKOEY HER FIVTIRKEQERHETEXQIRGMTXEOEROIR]EQERERHEPEQFIOIVNE
272
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
7.
PenempatanKotak Sampah
Analisa: 5S
: FEVERK]ERKVYWEOMXYXMHEOVETMOEVIRELER]EHMWYWYRWIQFEVERKER WILEVYWR]E FEVERK VYWEO WITIVXM MXY HMXIQTEXOER HMVYERKER OLYWYW EKEVXMHEOQIRKKERKKYIWXIXMOEPEFXIVWIFYX 8IQTEXWEQETELNYKELEVYWR]EHMXIQTEXOERHMXIQTEX]ERKQYHEL XIVPMLEXEKEVQELEWMW[EXMHEOQIQFYERKWEQTELWIQFEVERKER
K3
FEYHEVMWEQTEL]ERKHMPIXEOERHMHEPEQVYERKERXIQTEXOIVNEHETEX QIR]IFEFOER WIWISVERK XIVKERKKY TIVREJEWERR]E HER FELER WEQTEL]ERKQIRKERHYRKFELEROMQMEHETEXQIQFELE]EOERXYFYL QERYWME
Solusi
: 8IQTEXWEQTEL]ERKQIQEHEMWERKEXHMTIVPYOERTIVPYTIQMWELER NIRMWWEQTELTIVPYTIQIPMLEVEERXIQTEXWEQTELWIGEVEVYXMR
E8IQTEXWEQTEL
F8IQTEXWEQTELWMWETVSHYOWM
8IQTEX WEQTEL QIQIVPYOER TIVLEXMER OLYWYW YRXYO QIRNEKE XIQTEX OIVNE PMRKOYRKEROIVNEHEREVIEOIVNEXIXETFIVWMLWILMRKKETIOIVNEQIVEWER]EQERHEPEQ FIOIVNE=ERKTIVPYHMPEOYOEREHEPELHIRKERGEVEQIQMWELOERNIRMWWEQTELWYTE]E XMHEO QIRNEHMOER XMQFYPR]E ^EX FIVFELE]E 7IPEMR MXY ]ERK TEPMRK TIRXMRK EHEPEL QIRKSWSRKOERXIQTEXWEQTELWIGEVEVYXMRWYTE]EXMHEOFER]EOQIRYQTYO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
273
4IVPY HMWIHMEOER XIQTEX WEQTEL OLYWYW WMWE LEWMP TVSHYOWM ]ERK QEWML FMWE HMQERJEEXOER7IPEMR HMKYREOER YRXYO HMQERJEEXOER YPERK HIRKER QIQMWELOER WEQTELWMWETVSHYOWMNYKEHETEXQIRNEKEEVIEOIVNEXIXETFIVWMLHERR]EQER3PIL OEVIREMXYOIWEPELERTIRKEQFMPERFELERXMHEOEOERXIVNEHM 8.
Layout Tempat Kerja
Analisa: 5S
: OYVWM–OYVWMXIVWIFYXOYVERKHMWYWYRHIRKERVETM
K3
: OYVWM]ERKGEVEQIPIXEOERR]EXIVPEPYWIQTMXHETEXQIR]IFEFOER TIRKKYREXIVKSVIWOYPMXR]EHIRKERQINE
Solusi
: %VIEOIVNE]ERKVETMFIVWMLPIFEVHERR]EQERQIRNEHMOERPIFML OSRWIRXVEWM HEPEQ FIOIVNE 6YERK KIVEO ]ERK PYEW HETEX QIQMRMQEPMWMV XIVNEHMR]E OINEHMER WITIVXM XIVNITMX XIVMRNEO QEYTYR ERGEQER
9.
Poster K3
274
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Analisa: 5S
: WILEVYWR]EPEFXIVWIFYXQIQTYR]EMQENEPELHMRHMRKYRXYOTSWXIV– TSWXIVWITIVXMMRMEKEVXMHEOQIVYWEOOIMRHELERPEF
K3
: TSWXIV XIRXERK O OYVERK NYQPELR]EFER]EO TSWXIV XIRXERK O ]ERK VYWEO HERTIVPYHMTIVFEMOM
Solusi
: 4SWXIV/]ERKPIRKOETHERQYHELHMTELEQMEOERQIQFERXYYRXYO QIRKYVERKMFIVFEKEMNIRMWOIGIPEOEEROIVNE1MWEPR]EOIFEOEVER
XIKERKERXMRKKMKEWFIVFELE]ENEPYVIZEOYEWMHPP
4SWXIV QIRKIREM WEJIX] WERKEX HMTIVPYOER TEHE WIFYEL PEF WIFEKEM YTE]E QIRMRKOEXOER OIWEHEVER QIRKIREM / HER WIFEKEM YTE]E TIRGIKELERXIVNEHMR]E OIGIEOEER OIVNE FIVYTE OIFEOEVER PIHEOER FELE]E WIRXYL HWF4SWXIV ]ERK HMTEWERK WILEVYWR]E FIVFIRXYO KEQFEV HIRKER WIHMOMX XYPMWER HER QYHEL HMTELEQM7IFEMOR]EKEQFEVHIRKERWXERHEVHMRXIVREWMSREPWYTE]EHETEXHMTELEQM FER]EOSVERK 8IQTEXTIQEWERKERTSWXIVPIFMLFEMOHMXIQTEXOERHMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELHMPMLEX FER]EO SVERK,MRHEVM QIQEWERK TSWXIV HM HEYR TMRXY OEVIRE EOER QIRKYVERKM IWXIXMOEOIMRHELERHEROIVETMERWIFYELPEF
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
275
10. Penerangan Laboratorium
Analisa: 5S
: TIRGELE]EERHMPEFXIVWIFYXOYVERKQIR]IFEFOERTEOIVNEPEFOYVERK R]EQERHEPEQFIOIVNEOEVIREOSRHMWMVYERKER]ERKOYVERKEHER]E GELE]E
K3
: TIRGELE]EER ]ERK OYVERK QIQEHEM HETEX QIR]IFEFOER SVERK XIVOIREVEFYRNEYLHERHIOEX
Solusi
4IRIVERKER]ERKFEMOWERKEXHMTIVPYOERYRXYONIRMWTIOIVNEERPIQFYX HMPEFIPIOXVSRMOE ;EVRE PERKMXPERKMX GYOYT QIQFERXY TIR]IFEVER GELE]E PEQTY
4IRGELE]EER]ERKOYVERKEOERQIQFYEXQEXEHEVMTIOIVNEGITEXPIPELHERWEOMX 4IRGELE]EER ]ERK OYVERK QIQEHEM NYKEEOER FIVEOMFEX XIVKERKKYR]E TIRKPMLEXERTIRKKYRE PEF HER ETEFMPE XIVYW QIRIVYW WITIVXM MXY QEOE TIRKKYRE EOER
QIRKEPEQM
TIR]EOMX
QEXE
HER
OIQYRKOMRER
XIVFYVYO
QIRNEHM
FYXE4IRIVERKERR]ELEVYWHMXEQFELWYTE]EQEXETIOIVNEXMHEOQYHELPIPELETEPEKM HMFIRKOIPIPIOXVSRMOENIRMWTIOIVNEERR]EEHEPELTIOIVNEER]ERKPIQFYX=ERKTEPMRK TIRXMRK PEQTY NYKE LEVYW HMVE[EX HER HMFIWMLOER HEVM HIFY WYTE]E TIRGELE]EER XMHEOFIVOYVERK
276
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
11. Instalasi Listrik
/EFIPHMEXEWPERXEM
8IQTEXOEFIPHMHEPEQPERXEM
Analisa: 5S
: OEFIP ]ERK HMEXEW PERXEM XIVWIFYX OYVERK MRHEL HER OYVERK FEKYW OEVIREHETEXQIR]IFEFOERTIOIVNEPEFXIVWERHYRKOEVIREOEFIP]ERK HMTEWERKWIEHER]EHMEXEWPERXEM
K3
: OEFIP]ERKGEVETIQEWERKERRYEHMPIXOERHMEXEWNEPYVEOWIWHETEX QIR]IFEOERSVERKXIVWERHYRKHEREOLMVR]ENEXYLWILMRKKESVERK XIVWIFYXXIVPYOE
-RWXEPEWMPMWXVMO]ERKEHEHMPEFIPIOXVSRMOELEVYWHMTIVFEMOMOLYWYWR]E]ERKFIVEHEHM EXEW PERXEM,MRHEVM QIQEWERK OEFIP HM EXEW PERXEM XERTE TIVPMRHYRKER HER LMRHEVM NYKE TIQEWERKER HIRKER QIPMRXEWM NEPYV XVERWTSVXEWM%OER PIFML FEMO ETEFMPE TIQEWERKEROEFIPHMHEPEQPERXEMWILMRKKEVYERKERPEFXIVPMLEXPIFMLVETMFIVWMLHER EQER 12. Emergency stop
8SQFSPHEVYVEXHMPEF
Analisa: 5S
: XMHEOVETMWYWELHMXIQYOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
277
K3
: EPEVQ ]ERK VYWEO HETEX QIR]IFEFOER SVERK ]ERK WIHERK FIOIVNE HMHEPEQ VYERKERXIVWIFYXNMOEXIVNEHMOIFEOEVERHETEXQIRMRKKEPOEVIRE XMHEOXIVXSPSRK
Solusi 4IVPYEHER]ETIVFEMOERXSQFSPIQIVKIRG]WXSTHMPEFIPIOXVSRMOE 13. APAR
Analisa: 5S
: %4%6XIVWIFYXWILEVYWR]EHMXIQTEXOERHMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELXIVPMLEX NERKERHMFIPEOERKTMRXYQIR]IFEFOEROYVERKMRHELR]ETIRIQTEXER %4%6XIVWIFYX
K3
: ETEV]ERKXMHEOEHEGEVETIQEOEMERR]EHETEXQIR]IFEFOERTIVMWXM[E OIFEOEVERXIVWIFYXXMHEOWIKIVEHMTEHEQOERHEREOMFEXR]EOSVFER XIVFEOEVHER]ERKTEPMRKTEVELSVERKXIVWIFYXHETEXQIRMRKKEP
Solusi
: %4%6XIVPMRHYRKMXIVHETEXGEVETIRKSTIVEWMERQYHELHMNERKOEYHER HMXIQYOERWIVXEXIVE[EX
(EPEQ WYEXY PEF WYHEL WILEVYWR]E XIVWIHME %4%6 %PEX 4IQEHEQ %TM 6MRKER QMRMQEP FYEL %4%6 FMEWER]E HMPIXEOOER HMHIOEX TMRXY OIPYEV XIVPMRHYRKM HER QYHEL HMNERKOEY=ERK XMHEO OEPEL TIRXMRKR]E ]EMXY %4%6 LEVYW WMET HMSTIVWEMOER HER XIVHETEX TIXYRNYO TIRKKYREER%4%6 WIFEMOR]E WIPEPY XIVE[EXX HER HMKERXM WIGEVEFIVOEPEYRXYOQIRNEKEOSRHMWM%4%6XIXETWMETHMSTIVEWMOER
278
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
B.
Lab TV & Radio 0EF8: 6EHMSNYKEQIVYTEOERWEPELWEXYPEF]ERKEHEHMNYVYWERTIRHMHMOERXIORMO IPIOXVSRMOE0EFMRMXIVFEKMQIRNEHMVYERKER]EMXYPEFOSQTYXIVNEVMRKERHERPEFXZ VEHMS0EFMRMHEPEQOIEHEEROYVERKFEMOOEVIREVYERKERWERKEXWIQTMXTIRIQTEXER FELER ]ERK XMHEO XIVXEXE JEWMPMXEW ]ERK OYVERK QIQEHEM HER HIWEMR XEXE VYERK OYVERKFEMO3PILOEVIREMXYFIFIVETEEREPMWEWIOEPMKYWWSPYWMOEQMFIVMOERYRXYO TIVFEMOEROSRHMWMPEFXZ VEHMSHMNYVYWERTIRHMHMOERXIORMOIPIOXVSRMOE 1.
Penataan Bahan
Analisa: 5S
: WILEVYWR]EFEVERKFIOEWWIITIVXMMXYHMXIQTEXOERHMVYERKEROLYWYWEKEV XIVPMLEXPIFMLVETM
K3
: FEVERK ]ERK HMXEVYL HMEXEW PIQEVM HETEX QIR]IFEOER SVERK OINEXYLER FIRHE
Solusi
: 1IR]IHMEOERXIQTEXOLYWYWFEVERK]ERKFIPYQHMKYREOERXMHEOQIREVYL
FEVERK WIQFEVERK XIQTEX. 4IREXEER FEVERK ]ERK VETM EOER QIQMRMQEPMWMV WEPEL EQFMPFEVERKVYERKKIVEOPIFMLPYEW
6EOFELER &EVERK ]ERK FIPYQ EOER HMKYREOER WIFEMOR]E HMWMRKOMVOER HEVM EVIE OIVNE HER HMNEHMOERWEXYWIWYEMNIRMWR]E,EPMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRNEKEEVIETVSHYOWMXIXET FIVWML R]EQER 7IPEMR MXY OSRHMWM ]ERK WITIVXM MRM EOER QIQTIVQYHEL HEPEQ
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
279
TVSWIWIZEOYEWMETEFMPEXIVNEHMFIRGEREOEVIREXMHEOEHEFEVERK]ERKQIRKLEPERKM NEPYV EOWIW IZEOYEWM 8IQTEX TIR]MQTERER HETEX HMFYEX HM VYERKER PEMR QEYTYR HMWIOMXEVEVIEOIVNEHIRKERQIQERJEEXOERVEOHMWITERNERKHMRHMRK3PILOEVIREMXY PYEWPERXEMHETEXHMQEOWMQEPOERYRXYOEVIEOIVNEHERTVSHYOWM 2.
Penempatan Barang Tidak Digunakan/Kardus
Analisa: 5S
: QEWMLFER]EOFEVERKFIOEW]ERKFIPYQHMXEXEVETMWILMRKKE QIR]IFEFOERPEFQIRNEHMWIQTMXHERFER]EOHIFY
K3
: XIVXMQTEXIVNEXYLXIVNITMXXIVKERKKYTIVREJEWER
Solusi
: 4IVPYHMWIHMEOERVYERKEROLYWYWYRXYOFELER]ERKFIPYQEOER
HMKYREOER/EVHYWOEVHYWFIOEWWILEVYWR]EWIKIVEHMTMRHELOERHEVM EVIEOIVNEOEVIRELER]EEOERQIRKLEQFEX,MRHEVMQIPIXEOOERFEVERK WIQFEVERKER
280
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
3.
Penempatan Alat Ukur
Analisa: 5S
: WILEVYWR]EFYOERLER]EXIQTEXEPEXOIVNER]EWENE]ERKHMFIVMXERHE EPEX OIVNER]E TYR LEVYW HMFEKM XERHEPEFIP QIVEL EKEV OMXE HETEX QIRKIXELYMQEREEPEX]ERKVYWEOHERXMHEOVYWEO
K3
: OINEXYLERFIRHEXIVKERKKYR]ETIOIVNEERXIVNITMX
Solusi
: 0EFIPTIREQEEREPEXYOYVHERNYKEHEJXEVREQEFELERTEHEVEO TIR]MQTERER TIVPY HMTIVFELEVYM HEJXEV REQE OSQTSRIR NYKE TIVPY HMFYEX WYTE]E XEQTEO VETM FIVWML HER QIQYHELOER TIRKEQFMPER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
281
2EQEEPEXYOYV]ERKNIPEW 4IVEPEXER LEVYW HMWMQTER WIGEVE VETM YRXYO QIQYHELOER TIRKEQFMPER EPEX YOYV4IVPY NYKE TIREQEER WIXMET TIVEPEXER YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM OIWEPELER TIRKEQFMPER TIVEPEXER7IPEMR MXY TIVPY NYKE TIVE[EXER WIGEVE XIVEXYV YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVMOIGIPEOEEREOMFEXEPEXYOYVWITIVXMXIVFEOEVPIHEOERQEYTYRXVEYQE 4.
Penyimpanan Bahan Praktik
Analisa: 5S
: FER]EOR]EFEVERK]ERKXMHEOXIVXEXEVETMWILMRKKEFEVERKXIVWIFYX QIRNEHMFIVHIFY
282
K3
:TIVREJEWERXIVKERKKYOINEXYLERFIRHEQIQEV
Solusi
:6EOFELERWITIVXMHMFE[ELMRM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
&ELER ]ERK FIPYQ EOER HMKYREOER WIFEMOR]E HMWMRKOMVOER HEVM EVIE OIVNE HER HMNEHMOERWEXYWIWYEMNIRMWR]E,EPMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRNEKEEVIETVSHYOWM XIXET FIVWML R]EQER 7IPEMR MXY OSRHMWM ]ERK WITIVXM MRM EOER QIQTIVQYHEL HEPEQ TVSWIWIZEOYEWMETEFMPEXIVNEHMFIRGEREOEVIREXMHEOEHEFEVERK]ERKQIRKLEPERKM NEPYVEOWIWIZEOYEWM &ELERLEVYWWIPEPYHMGIOOSRHMWMR]E ETEOELQEWMLFEMOEXEY WYHELFYVYO3PILOEVIREMXYETEFMPEWI[EOXY[EOXYFELEREOERHMKYREOEROMXEXMHEO LEVYWQIPEOYOERTIRKIGIOOERYPERKHERFELERWYHELWMETHMKYREOER 5.
Bahan Praktik
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
283
Analisa: 5S
PEF XIVWIFYX OYVERK VIWMO OEVIRE QEWML FER]EO FEVERK ]ERK FIVWIVEOER WILMRKKE QIR]IFEFOER PEF QIRNEHM OSXSV HER FER]EO WEQTEL
K3
XIVKERKKYR]ETIOIVNEERXIVKERKKYTIVREJEWER
6.
Layout Ruang Praktik
284
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Analisa: 5S
: WILEVYWR]E OYVWM XIVWIFYX LEVYW HMWEQEOER EKEV XIVPMLEX VETM HER FEKYW
K3
: XIVKERKKYR]ETIOIVNEERXIVNITMXXIVKERKKYTIVREJEWER
Solusi
: %VIEOIVNE]ERKVETMFIVWMLPIFEVHERR]EQERQIRNEHMOERPIFML OSRWIRXVEWM HEPEQ FIOIVNE 6YERK KIVEO ]ERK PYEW HETEX QIQMRMQEPMWMV XIVNEHMR]E OINEHMER WITIVXM XIVNITMX XIVMRNEO QEYTYR ERGEQER
7.
Pemasngan Kotak Kontak & Sakla
Analisa: 5S
: FIVHIFY QIRKYVERKM IWXIXMOE PEF OEVIRE XIVHETEX EPEX OIVNE ]ERK VYWEO
K3
: WXSTOSXEOWYHEL]ERKWYHELVYWEOHETEXQIR]IFEOERSVERK]ERK QIRKSTIVEWMOERR]EHETEXXIVWIXVYQ
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
285
Solusi
: 4IRERHEEROIVNEWEOPEVEOERQIQFERXYHEPEQTIRKSTIVEWMEREKEV XMHEO WEPEL XIOER 4IQEWERKER OSXEO OSRXEO VETM QYHEL XIVNERKOEY HEREQER
4IRERHEER WEOPEV QIQERK WERKEX HMTIVPYOER YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM XIVNEHMR]E OIWEPELERQIRIOERWEOPEV7EOPEVNYKELEVYWHMPMRHYRKMWYTE]EWEOPEVXMHEOFIVYFEL TSWMWMWIGEVEXMHEOHMWIRKENE/SXEOOSRXEOLEVYWFIVTIRKEQERYRXYOQIRKLMRHEVM FELE]E WIRXYL4IRKEQER MRM HETEX FIVYTE TIRYXYT OSRXEO OSXEO OSRXEO TYXEV KVSYRHQEYTYRTIRKEQERHIRKERWEOPEV 8.
Kotak P3K
Solusi
Analisa: 5S
286
FIVHIFYXMHEOXIVE[EXHIRKERFEMO
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
K3
OSXEOOXMHEOXIVE[EXWILMRKKENMOEEHESVERK]KWEOMX]ERKWEOMXR]E WYHEL TEVEL WITIVXM WIWEO REJEW XMHEO WIKIVE HMXSPSRK HETEX QIRMRKKEP
Solusi
: 4IVPYHMWIHMEOEROSXEO4/HMWIXMETPEFKYREQIRERKERMOINEHMER /IGIPEOEER/SXEO4/LEVYWHMVE[EXHERHMGIOOSRHMWMR]EWYTE]E
9.
HETEXHMKYREOERWI[EOXY[EOXY4IQEWERKERLEVYWXIVPMLEXHER
QYHELHMNERKOEY
Peralatan Tangan
Analisa: 5S
FER]EOR]EFEVERK]ERKFIVWIVEOERQIQFYEXPEFQIRNEHMOSXSVHER FIVHIFY
K3
XIVKERKKYR]ETIOIVNEERXIVKERKKYTIVREJEWER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
287
Solusi:
10. Layout Tempat Kerja
Analisa: 5S
: PEFWYHELFEKYWOEVIREFEVERK–FEVERKHMPEFXIVWIFYXWYHELHMWYWYR VETMVETMFEVERKXIVWIFYXOYVERKXIVE[EXOEVIREFEVERKXIVWIFYXQEWML OSXSVHEREHER]EHIFY]ERKQIRIQTIP
K3
: OINEXYLERFIRHEXIVWERHYRKTIVREJEWERXIVKERKKY
Solusi
: %VIEOIVNE]ERKVETMFIVWMLPIFEVHERR]EQERQIRNEHMOERPIFML OSRWIRXVEWMHEPEQFIOIVNE.6YERKKIVEO]ERKPYEWHETEXQIQMRMQEPMWMV XIVNEHMR]EOINEHMERWITIVXMXIVNITMXXIVMRNEOQEYTYRERGEQER
288
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
11. Lantai Rusak
Analisa: 5S
: PEF XIVWIFYX FYXYL TIR]IKEVER OIQFEPM OEVIRE PERXEM PEF XIVWIFYX WYHELVYWEOOYVWMR]ETYRLEVYWR]EHMWEQEOEREKEVPIFMLXIVPMLEXVETM HERWIVEWM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
289
K3
: TIVREJEWER XIVKERKKY XIVWERHYRK XIVTIPMRGMV XIVKSVIW NEXYL XIVFIRXYV
Solusi
: 4IVPYTIVFEMOERPERXEMWYTE]EEXMHEOXIVNEHMOIGIPEOEERFIVYTE XIVWERHYRK QEYTYR FIRXYVER 7IFEMOR]E PERXEM NYKE WIPEPY HMVE[EX WYTE]EXMHEOFIVKIPSQFERKPIFEV
C.
Lab Elektronika Dasar 1.
Penataan Bahan
+EQFEVTIRIQTEXERFELER]ERKVETM
Analisa: 5S
: FELER–FELER]ERKOYVERKHMWYWYRVETMQIR]IFEFOERTIOIVNE PEF QIRNEHMOIWYPMXERHEPEQQIRGEVMFELEROEVIRETIRIQTEXER FELER]ERKOYVERKXIVE[EX
K3
TIVEPEXER YRXYO FIOIVNE ]ERK FIVERXEOER HETEX QIR]IFEFOER SVERK XIVWIFYX OINEXYLER TIVEPEXER XIVWIFYX HER XIVKERKKY FIOIVNER]E
Solusi
:
&MEWEOER QIRIQTEXOER FELER HER TIVEPEXER TVEOXMO
HMXIQTEXR]E 7IPEPY GIO OIEHEER TIVEPEXER TVEOXMO YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM OIGIPEOEER FIVYTE OINYX PMWXVMO OIFEOEVER HER OIWEPELERTIVEOMXER 4IVPY HMXEREQOER OIFMEWEER ]ERK FEMO TEHE TIOIVNE EXEY QELEWMW[E FIVYTE QIQFMEWEOER QIRKIQFEPMOER TIVEPEXER WIXIPEL FIOIVNE WIPEPY QIVETMOER EVIE OIVNE WIXIPEL WIPIWEM HER QIQFIVWMLOER FELER WMWE TVSHYOWM4IVEPEXER ]ERKWIKIVEHMOIQFEPMOERWIXIPELHMKYREOEREOERQIQTIVPYEWEVIEOIVNEHER QIQFYEXTIOIVNEXIXETJSOYWWIVXEOSRWIRXVEWMTEHETIOIVNEER
290
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
2.
Almari Peralatan
Solusi
Analisa 5S
: PEF XIVWIFYX VMRKOEW OEVIRE EPEX OIVNE QEYTYR XIQTEX QIR]MQTEXEPEXOIVNEFIPYQHMFIVMPEFIPQIVEL
K3
:XMHEOR]EQERXIVKERKKYTIVREJEWER
Solusi
: 4IVPYHMFIVMTIRERHEERREQEREQEEPEXYOYVHERNYKEHEJXEV REQEFELERTEHEVEOTIR]MQTERER (EJXEVREQEOSQTSRIR NYKE TIVPY HMFYEX WYTE]E XEQTEO VETM FIVWML HER QIQYHELOERTIRKEQFMPER
4IVEPEXER LEVYW HMWMQTER WIGEVE VETM YRXYO QIQYHELOER TIRKEQFMPER EPEX YOYV4IVPY NYKE TIREQEER WIXMET TIVEPEXER YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVM OIWEPELER TIRKEQFMPER TIVEPEXER7IPEMR MXY TIVPY NYKE TIVE[EXER WIGEVE XIVEXYV YRXYO QIRKLMRHEVMOIGIPEOEEREOMFEXEPEXYOYVWITIVXMXIVFEOEVPIHEOERQEYTYRXVEYQE 3.
Penempatan Bahan
Analisa: 5S
: QIR]MQTER FEVERK FIOEW FIOEW WIQFEVERKER QIR]IFEFOER PEF
XIVWIFYXQIRNEHMXMHEOVETMHEROSXSV K3
:TIVREJEWERXIVKERKKYOINEXYLERFIRHEQIQEV
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
291
Solusi
Penempatan bahan yang rapi
&ELER ]ERK FIPYQ EOER HMKYREOER WIFEMOR]E HMWMRKOMVOER HEVM EVIE OIVNE HER HMNEHMOERWEXYWIWYEMNIRMWR]E,EPMRMFIVXYNYERYRXYOQIRNEKEEVIETVSHYOWMXIXET FIVWML R]EQER 7IPEMR MXY OSRHMWM ]ERK WITIVXM MRM EOER QIQTIVQYHEL HEPEQ TVSWIWIZEOYEWMETEFMPEXIVNEHMFIRGEREOEVIREXMHEOEHEFEVERK]ERKQIRKLEPERKM NEPYVEOWIWIZEOYEWM &ELERLEVYWWIPEPYHMGIOOSRHMWMR]E ETEOELQEWMLFEMOEXEY WYHELFYVYO3PILOEVIREMXYETEFMPEWI[EOXY[EOXYFELEREOERHMKYREOEROMXEXMHEO LEVYWQIPEOYOERTIRKIGIOOERYPERKHERFELERWYHELWMETHMKYREOER 4.
Penempatan Hasil Produksi
Analisa: 5S
:FEVERK–FEVERKXIVWIFYXWYHELHMWYWYRVETMXIXETMEOERPIFMLFEMONMOE FEVERK–FEVERKFIOEWXIVWIFYXQIQMPMOMVYERKEROLYWYWEKEVXMHEO QIQTIVWIQTMXPEF
K3
:OINEXYLERFIRHEXIVXMQTEFIRHEQIQEVTEXELXYPERK
Solusi
: 4IVPYEHER]EVYERKEROLYWYWYRXYOQIRIQTEXOERLEWMP TVSHYOWM 4IREXEER FEVERK HER TIQMWELER FEVERK YRXYO QIQYHELOERTIRKEQFMPERTIQMRHELERHERTIVE[EXERFEVERK
292
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
4IRIQTEXERFEVERKTVSHYOWM
5.
Barang Tidak/ Belum Digunakan
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
293
Analisa: 5S
: FER]EOR]EFEVERKFIOEW]ERKQIRYQTYOQIR]IFEFOERPEFQIRNEHM WIQTMXHERFIVHIFY
K3
:XIVXMQTEQIQEVXIVKSVIWTIVREJEWERXIVKERKKY
Solusi
: 4IVPYHMWIHMEOERVYERKEROLYWYWYRXYOFELER]ERKFIPYQEOER (MKYREOER./EVHYWOEVHYWFIOEWWILEVYWR]EWIKIVEHMTMRHELOERHEVM EVIE OIVNE OEVIRE LER]E EOER QIRKLEQFEX ,MRHEVM QIPIXEOOER FEVERKWIQFEVERKER
6.
Instalasi Listrik
Solusi
Analisa: 5S
: QINEEXEYEPEXOIVNEPEMRR]E]ERKVYWEOWILEVYWR]ELEVYWHMKERXM EXEY FYXYL TIR]IKEVER EKEV TEHE WEEX FIOIVNE QIRNEHM R]EQER HEREQER
294
K3
:WEPMRKFIVXEFVEOERXIVWIXVYQXIVNEXYLQIRMRKKEPXIVWERHYRK
Solusi
: -RWXEPEWMPMWXVMOTIVPYHMTIVFEMOMOLYWYWR]E]ERKHMEXEWPERXEMHER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
QIPI[EXM NEPYV XVERWTSVXEWM4IQEWERKER OEFIP TIVPY HMVETMOER WYTE]E VYERKER XIVPMLEXPIFMLVETMHERPIFMLEQER-RWXEPEWMPMWXVMO]ERKEHEHMPEFIPIOXVSRMOELEVYW HMTIVFEMOMOLYWYWR]E]ERKFIVEHEHMEXEWPERXEM,MRHEVMQIQEWERKOEFIPHMEXEW PERXEM XERTE TIVPMRHYRKER HER LMRHEVM NYKE TIQEWERKER HIRKER QIPMRXEWM NEPYV XVERWTSVXEWM%OERPIFMLFEMOETEFMPETIQEWERKEROEFIPHMHEPEQPERXEMWILMRKKE VYERKERPEFXIVPMLEXPIFMLVETMFIVWMLHEREQER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
295
D.
Tindakan Untuk Lab Elektronika No
Tindakan yang diperlukan
4IVEPEXERTVEOXMOTIVPYHMTIVFEMOM
7IHMEOEROSXEO4/HMWIQYEVYERKER
7IHMEOER%4%6HMWIQYEVYERKERQMRMQEPFYELTIVVYERK
7IHMEOERXIQTEXTIRGYGMXERKERHERQYOEPMRKOYRKERPEF
7IHMEOERVEOVEO OLYWYWYRXYOFELER]ERKEOERHMKYREOERLEWMPTVSHYOWMHER YRXYOFELER]ERKFIPYQHMKYREOER
296
4IRGELE]EERTIVPYHMTIVFEMOM
0E]SYXXIQTEXOIVNETIVPYHMFIRELM
7IQYEOYVWMTIVPYHMKERXXM]ERKJPIOWMFIP
0ERXEM4IVPYHMTIVFEMOM
8IQTEXWEQTELLEVYWXIVWIHMEHMHEPEQQEYTYRHMPYEVPEF
4IVPYEHER]ETIREQFELERTMRXYYXEQEQEYTYRTMRXYIQIVKIRG]
4IVPYEHER]ETIVE[EXERTIVEPEXERWIGEVEXIVEXYV
4SWXIVQIRKIREM/TIVPYHMXEQFEL
4IPEFIPERTEHEVEOTIR]MQTEREREPEXYOYV
6YERKERTIVPYHMXEQFELWYTE]EXMHEOXIVEWEWIQTMX
1INEOIVNEHMFYEXWIVFEKYRE
'EXTEHEHMRHMRKTIVPYHMTIVFEVYM
%VIEHMWOYWMTIVPYHMTMRHELOER
4EWERKTIRKLMWETYHEVEPSGEP
4IVFER]EOZIRXMPEWMEPEQMELHERVE[EXWIGEVEFIVOEPE
-RWXEPEMPMWXVMOTIVPYHMTIVFEMOMEXEYQMRMQEPHMGIOYPERK
&IVMOER1'/]ERKQIQEHEM
7IHMEOERJEWMPMXEWOERXMR]ERKWILEX
&IVWMLOERWIGEVEXIVEXYVXIQTEXMFEHEL
7IHMEOEREPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB VII
APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R PADA BENGKEL KAYU, BENGKEL PLUMBING DAN SANITASI
A.
Mesin Gergaji Bentuk KESALAHAN: K3: 8MHEOEHETIPMRHYRKHMWIOMXEVQIWMR 5S: 1IWMRFIVHIFYHEROSXSV RESIKO: .MOE XMHEO FIVLEXMLEXM XERKER FMWE XIVOIREQEXETMWEYQIWMRKIVKENM 7IVTMLER OE]Y WMWE KIVKENM HETEX WI[EOXY
[EOXY
XIVLMVYT
HER
QIR]IFEFOER WIWEO REJEW WIVXE OIPMPMTER
Solusi:
9RXYO QIRKYVERKM VIWMOS XIVOIRE WIVTMLER WMWE OE]Y IRXEL XIVLMVYT EXEYTYR QEWYO OI QEXE WIVXE QIRKLMRHEVM EKEV TMWEY KIVKENM XMHEO XIVOIREXERKERQEOEWIFEMOR]EHMFIVM TIPMRHYRK
%KEV
OIE[IXER
QIWMR
XIVNEKE
OIFIVWMLERR]E TIVPY HMNEKE QEOE WIXIPEL
QIRKKYREOER
QIWMR
HMLEVETOER YRXYO QIR]ETY WMWEWMWE KIVKENMEKEVXIXETFIVWML
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
297
B.
Mesin Bor 1
KESALAHAN K3: &IPYQHMFIVMTIPMRHYRK 5S: 4IXYRNYO TIRKKYREER HM XIQTIP HM FIPEOERKQIWMR RESIKO:
4VEOXMOERXMHEOQIPMLEXTIXYRNYOGEVE TIRKSTIVEWMER EPEX WILMRKKE XMHEO QIRKIXELYMGEVETIQEOEMERR]E
&IVTSXIRWM QIRKEPEQM PYOE WE]EX PYOE FEOEV PYOE KSVIW OEVIRE WEPEL QIRKSTIVEWMOEREPEX
Solusi:
7ILEVYWR]E HMFIVM TIPMRHYRK EKEV PIFMLEQER
4IXYRNYO GEVE TIRKSTIVEWMER EPEX HMXIQTIP HM FEKMER EXEWWINENEV HIRKER QEXE EKEV XIVPMLEX SPIL TVEOXMOER WILMRKKE TVEOXMOER EOER QIRKIXELYMGEVETIQEOEMERR]EHER QIQMRMQEPOER TSXIRWM XIVNEHMR]E OIGIPEOEEROIVNE
%KEV
XMHEO
TIKEP
PEOYOER
TIVIRKERKER
7I[EOXY–[EOXY
298
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
C.
Mesin Bor 2 KESALAHAN K3: &IPYQEHETIXYRNYOTIRKKYREEREPEX]ERK QIRIQTIPTEHEQIWMR 5S: 4IRIQTEXER QIWMR ]ERK OYVERK PIPYEWE XIVPEPY WIQTMX RESIKO: &IVTSXIRWMWEPELHEPEQQIRKKYREOERQIWMRHER
EPLEWMP FMWE XIVNEHM OIGIPEOEER EXEY OIVYWEOER
TEHEQIWMR
Solusi: 1IWMR
WIFEMOR]E
HMFIVM
TIRYXYT WIFEKEM TIRKEQER WEEX QIPEOYOER TVEOXIO HER YRXYO QIRYVERKM TSXIRWM OIGIPEOEER OIVNE HER HMFIVM TIXYRNYOTIRKKYREER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
299
D.
Helm Tidak Pada Tempatnya
KESALAHAN: K3: ,IPQ]ERKXIVWIHMENYQPELR]E OYVERKQIRGYOYTM 5S: ,IPQ XMHEO HMXIQTEXOER HM HEPEQPIQEVM RESIKO: 4IOIVNEER
QIRNEHM
XIVLEQFEX OEVIRE LEVYW FIVKERXMER ,IPQ
QIRNEHM
FIVHIFY
OEVIREXMHEOHWMQTER &IVIWMOS QIRKEPEQM PYOE FIRXYVER HM OITEPE EOLMFEX OINEXYLERWYEXYFIRHE
Solusi:
1IRHEXE NYQPEL LIPQ HIRKER NYQPEL QELEWMW[E WILMRKKE LIPQ ]ERK XIVWIHME WIWYEMHIRKER]ERKHMFYXYLOER
1IRIQTEXOER LIPQ HM PIQEVM EKEV XIVNEKE OIFIVWMLERR]E
300
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
E.
Serbuk Kayu KESALAHAN: 7IVFYO OE]Y FIVWIVEOER QIRKSXSVM QINEOIVNE RESIKO:
/SRHMWMQINEOIVNE]ERKOSXSV
EOER QIQFYEX TIOIVNE QIRKEPEQM HITVIWM WILMRKKE HETEX QIQFYEX OSRWIRXVEWM
OIVNE
QIRYVYR
%OLMFEXR]E OIGIPEOEER OIVNE ]ERK PIFML FIWEV EOER QIRKERGEQ HER TVSHYOXMZMXEWOIVNEQIRNEHMQIRYVYR
1IR]IFEFOER
KERKKYER
TIVREJEWER WITIVXM FEXYO EWQE HER
FMWENYKEQEWYOOIQEXE
Solusi:
(MFIVMOER GSVSRK TIRKLMWET
HIFYWITIVXMHMKEQFEV
(MWEVEROER
YRXYO
TEVE
QELEWMW[E WEEX OIVNE QIRKKYREOER QEWOIV
(MPEOYOEOER TVSKVEQ VIWMO
WIWYEM TIXYRNYO TEHE FYOY 76 ]EMXY HIRKER QIRNEH[EPOER TVSKVEQ VIWMO &IFIVETE HMERXEVER]E EHEPEL HIRKERGEVE–GEVEFIVMOYX 1IQFYEX JSVQYPMV XERKKYRK NE[EF VIWMO SF]IO ]ERK
HMFIVWMLOER
;EOXY
VIWMO
4IRERKKYRKNE[EF
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
301
F.
Kayu F. Berantakan Kayu Berantakan F. Kayu Berantakan
KESALAHAN KESALAHAN KESALAHAN K3: %PEXEPEX K3: %PEXEPEX TVEOXIO TVEOXIO WILEVYWR]E WILEVYWR]E K3: %PEXEPEX TVEOXIO WILEVYWR]E MWMQTER MWMQTER HMHEPEQ HMHEPEQ PIQEVMPIQEVM EXEY VEO EXEY VEO MWMQTER HMHEPEQ PIQEVM EXEY VEO LYWYWLYWYW EKEV XMHEO EKEVQIPYOEM XMHEO QIPYOEM WIWSVERK WIWSVERK LYWYW EKEV XMHEO QIPYOEM WIWSVERK %TEFMPEXIVNEXYL %TEFMPEXIVNEXYL %TEFMPEXIVNEXYL 5S:/E]Y–OE]YXMHEOXIVXEXEWIGEVE 5S:/E]Y–OE]YXMHEOXIVXEXEWIGEVE 5S:/E]Y–OE]YXMHEOXIVXEXEWIGEVE XIVEXYVXIVEXYV XIVEXYV RESIKO RESIKO RESIKO %PEXTVEOXIO]ERKXIVNEXYLXERTE %PEXTVEOXIO]ERKXIVNEXYLXERTE %PEXTVEOXIO]ERKXIVNEXYLXERTE WIRKENE WIRKENE EOER EOER QIPYOEM QIPYOEM WIRKENE EOER QIPYOEM QIR]IFEFOERQIQEVPYOE QIR]IFEFOERQIQEVPYOE QIR]IFEFOERQIQEVPYOE /E]Y /E]Y ]ERK ]ERK XMHEO XMHEO TEHE TEHE /E]Y ]ERK XMHEO TEHE XIQTEXR]E XIQTEXR]E FMEW WI[EOXY[EOXY FMEW WI[EOXY[EOXY XIQTEXR]E FMEW WI[EOXY[EOXY XIVFIRXYV XIVFIRXYV TIOIVNE TIOIVNE ]ERK WIHERK ]ERK WIHERK XIVFIRXYV TIOIVNE ]ERK WIHERK PI[EX PI[EX PI[EX
Solusi:Solusi: Solusi: %OER %OER PIFML XIVEXYV PIFML XIVEXYV NMOE TIRIQTEXER NMOE TIRIQTEXER %OER PIFML XIVEXYV NMOE TIRIQTEXER OE]Y OE]Y MOIPSQTSOOER MOIPSQTSOOER FIVHEWEVOER FIVHEWEVOER OE]Y MOIPSQTSOOER FIVHEWEVOER YOYVERR]E YOYVERR]E WILMRKKE WILMRKKE XIVEXYVXIVEXYV YOYVERR]E WILMRKKE XIVEXYV TIRIQTEXERR]E HER EHE XMHEOOE]Y EHE OE]Y TIRIQTEXERR]E HER XMHEO TIRIQTEXERR]E HER XMHEO EHE OE]Y ]ERKNYRKOMVFEPMO ]ERKNYRKOMVFEPMO ]ERKNYRKOMVFEPMO 1IPIXEOOER EPEX TVEOXIO OI 1IPIXEOOER EPEX –EPEX EPEX– TVEOXIO OI 1IPIXEOOER EPEX – EPEX TVEOXIO OI QIR]MQTERER XIQTEXXIQTEX QIR]MQTERER EPEX –EPEX EPEX– EPEX XIQTEX QIR]MQTERER EPEX – EPEX TVEOXIO XEQTEO TEHE KEQFEV TVEOXIO WITIVXMWITIVXM XEQTEO TEHE KEQFEV TVEOXIO WITIVXM XEQTEO TEHE KEQFEV HMEXEWHMEXEW HMEXEW
302
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
G.
Alat G.Mengelas Alat Mengelas G. Alat Mengelas
KESALAHAN KESALAHAN KESALAHAN K3: K3: K3: /EFIP /EFIP ]ERK XIVYRXEM ]ERK XIVYRXEM HER HER /EFIP ]ERK XIVYRXEM HER FIVWIVEOERHMPERXEM FIVWIVEOERHMPERXEM FIVWIVEOERHMPERXEM 5S: 5S: 5S: 4IRIQTEXER 4IRIQTEXER EPEX ]ERK EPEX ]ERK 4IRIQTEXER EPEX ]ERK OYVERKXIVXEXEVETM OYVERKXIVXEXEVETM OYVERKXIVXEXEVETM RESIKO: RESIKO: RESIKO: 'EVE QIRKEQFMP 'EVE QIRKEQFMP EPEX EPEX 'EVE QIRKEQFMP EPEX ]ERK ]ERK WYWEL WYWEL HETEX HETEX ]ERK WYWEL HETEX QIQFYEX QIQFYEXTIOIVNETIOIVNE QIQFYEX TIOIVNE XIVPYOEXIVPYOE EOMFEX EOMFEX XIVKSVIW XIVKSVIW XIVPYOE EOMFEX XIVKSVIW FIWM FIWM FIWM (ETEXQIQFYEXTIOIVNE (ETEXQIQFYEXTIOIVNE (ETEXQIQFYEXTIOIVNE XIVNIVEXXIVNIVEX OEFIP OEFIP HER HER XIVNIVEX OEFIP HER OIQYHMERXIVNEXYL OIQYHMERXIVNEXYL OIQYHMERXIVNEXYL
Solusi: Solusi: Solusi: %PEX]ERKHMKYREOERHMXEXEVETMHERHMXIQTEXOER %PEX]ERKHMKYREOERHMXEXEVETMHERHMXIQTEXOER %PEX]ERKHMKYREOERHMXEXEVETMHERHMXIQTEXOER HMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELHMNERKOEY HMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELHMNERKOEY HMXIQTEX]ERKQYHELHMNERKOEY 0IFMLFEMOOEFIP]ERKXIVFIRKOEPEMHMPERXEMHMMOEX 0IFMLFEMOOEFIP]ERKXIVFIRKOEPEMHMPERXEMHMMOEX 0IFMLFEMOOEFIP]ERKXIVFIRKOEPEMHMPERXEMHMMOEX EKEVXMHEOFIVWIVEOERHERXMHEOQIQFELE]EOER EKEVXMHEOFIVWIVEOERHERXMHEOQIQFELE]EOER EKEVXMHEOFIVWIVEOERHERXMHEOQIQFELE]EOER &IVMPEL &IVMPEL TSWXIV TSWXIV TIVMRKEXER TIVMRKEXER XIRXERKXIRXERK FELE]EFELE]E &IVMPEL TSWXIV TIVMRKEXER XIRXERK FELE]E XIVNIVEXOEVIREOEFIP]ERKFIVWIVEOER XIVNIVEXOEVIREOEFIP]ERKFIVWIVEOER XIVNIVEXOEVIREOEFIP]ERKFIVWIVEOER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
303
H.
Penempatan Alat Yang Kurang Rapi KESALAHAN K3: 4IREXEEREPEXHMXIQTEXXIVFYOEHERQYHEL XIVWIRKKSPSPILTIOIVNE 5S: 2EQTEO EPEX ]ERK XIVWMQTER XMHEO XIVXEXE HIRKERVETMHERNYQPELR]ELER]EFIFIVETE HERXMHEOWIWYEMHIRKERNYQPELTIOIVNE RESIKO
%PEX ]ERK XMHEO XIVXEXE VETM EOER QIR]YPMXOER
TIOIVNE
WEEX
LIRHEO
QIRKEQFMPR]E
1YHEL XIVNEXYL HER HETEX QIPYOEM OEOM OEOMQIRNEHMQIQEVHERXIVKSVIW
Solusi:
%PEX HMWYWYR VETM HM XIQTEX TIR]MQTERER]E EKEV TIOIVNE XMHEO OIWYPMXER WEEX LIRHEO QIRKEQFMPR]E
%TEFMPE EPEX ]ERK QIQTYR]EM YOYVER
FIVFIHE
WIFEMOR]E
HMYVYXOER HEVM ]ERK TEPMRK FIWEVYOYVERR]E
7IKIVE HMXEQFEL NYQPEL EPEX HER
HMWIWYEMOER
HIRKER
NYQ PELTIOIVNE
304
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
I.
Pekerja Sedang Praktik
KESALAHAN K3:
4IOIVNE
XMHEO
QIRKKYREOER
TIVPIRKOETEROIWIPEQEXERPIRKOET 5S: 8IVHETEXWEQTELTPEWXMOHMXIRKELFMHERK OIVNEEXEYPERXEM]ERKWIHERKHMKYREOER RESIKO:
(ETEX XIVOIRE KSVIWER FIWM OEVIRE XMHEO QIRKKYREOER OESW XERKER WILMRKKE
XERKER QIRNEHM PYOE HER WEQTEL TPEWXMO HETEXQIR]IFEFOERTIOIVNEXIVTIPIWIX
&MHERK OIVNE ]ERK XIVPEPY VIRHEL HER QIQFYRKOYO
WEEX
FIOIVNE
HETEX
QIR]IFEFOERWEOMXTYRKKYRK Solusi:
7IPEPY TIVPIRKOETER
QIRKKYREOER OIWIPEQEXER
WEEXFIOIVNE
%TEFMPEXIVHETEXWIKIVEFYERK WEQTELTEHEXIQTEXR]E
7IWYEMOERFMHERKOIVNEHIRKER XMRKKM4IOIVNE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
305
J.
Jalur transportasi
KESALAHAN K3: 8IVHETEXOEFIPHMPERXEM 5S: &IFIVETEEPEXXMHEOHMOIQFEPMOERHER HMFMEVOERFIVWIVEOERWILMRKKEXMHEOVETM RESIKO: /EFIP]ERKHMFMEVOEREOERQIQFYEX TIOIVNE XIVWERHYRK OIQYHMER QIPYOEM OEOM %PEX ]ERK FIVWIVEOER HETEX QIR]IFEFOER OIXMHEOWIRKENEER WEEX FIOIVNE HER NEXYL WILMRKKEHETEXQIPYOEMXERKERHEROEOM%OER XIVNEHMXEFVEOERERXEVTIOIVNEETEFMPEXMHEOEHE NEPYV XVERWTSVXEWM WEEX FIVTETEWER 4IVEPEXER ]ERK XMHEO HM OIQFEPMOER OI XIQTEX WIQYPE HETEXFIVTSXIRWMLMPERK
Solusi:
7IFEMOR]E OEFIP XIVWIFYX HMKYPYRK HER HMXIQTEXOER TEHEXIQTEXR]E
7IXIPEL WIPIWEM QIPEOYOER TVEOXIO
TIOIVNE
QIRKIQFEPMOER EPEX – EPEX OI XIQTEXR]E QEWMRK – QEWMRK WILMRKKE EPEX EOER XIVNEKE HER XMHEO QYHEL LMPERKEXEYTYRVYWEO
7IFEMOR]E
HMFIVM
NEPYV
XVERWTSVXEWMYRXYO
OIEQERER EPEX HER TIOIVNE EKEVXMHEOWEPMRKFIVXEFVEOER
306
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
BAB VIII
APLIKASI K3 DAN 5R LABOLATORIUM BOGA DAN KIMIA A.
Penggunaan Alat Angkut Pindah Barang Pada Laboratorium Boga
1. Analisis : a.
K3: &IFER OIVNEXIVPEPY FIVEXHER TIRKEXYVER FIFER ]ERK WIQFEVERK EOER QIR]IFEFOERFIRHEQYHELNEXYL
b.
5S: 4IREXEERFEVERKXMHEOVETMEXEYXMHEOVMRKOEW OEVIREWEPMRKFIVXYQTYOER
2. Akibat: Ergonomic Hazard ]ERKHMXMQFYPOER]EMXYNEVMQIRELERFIFERPIFMLEOMFEX QMRMQR]ETIKERKERXERKER/IGIPEOEEREOMFEXOIVNE]EMXYNEVMGMHIVEEXEYFELOER FIVHEVELOEOMOINEXYLERFIRHEWILMRKKEFIVHEVELEXEYQIQEV4IR]EOMXEOMFEX OIVNE ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER EOMFEX NEVM QIRELER FIFER XIVPEPY PEQE ]EMXY XYPERK NEVM EOER QIQFIRKOEOEXEYFELOERGEGEX 3. Solusi : E
K3: &EVERKFEVERK FIVEX HMPIXEOOER TEHE VEO FIVTIQFEXEW WILMRKKE QIQMRMQEPMWMVFIRHENEXYL
b.
5S: 4IRIQTEXER EPEX HER FELER WIWYEM HIRKER NIRMWR]E WILMRKKE PIFML STXMQEPQIQFE[EFEVERK
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
307
B.
Lemari Penyimpanan Alat
1.
Analisis : a. K3: 4IPIXEOER FIRHE HER TIVE[EXER FIRHE WIQYE WEQE TEHELEP XMET EPEX QIQMPMOMTIVE[EXERHERTIR]MQTERERFIVFIHE b. 5S: 4IREXEER FEVERK tidak rapi tidak resiktidak ringkas WILMRKKE QIR]YPMXOERTIRGEVMERHERQYHEL OSXSV
2.
Akibat : Chemical Hazard EXEY 7YQFIV FELE]E OMQME ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER ]EMXY HIFYOYQERHEROEVEXTEHEEPEXEOMFEXJIRXMPEWMYHEVE]ERKFIPYQSTXMQEPHER TIRERKERER TIVE[EXER Kecelakaan akibat kerja ]EMXY FIVWMR EOMFEX HIFY HER GMHIVE EXEY FIVHEVEL EOMFEX EPEX ]ERK FIVOEVEX Penyakit akibat kerja ]EMXY flu OEVIREHIFYEPIVKMtetanus EOMFEXPYOEOEVIREFEVERK]ERKFIVOEVEX
3.
Solusi : a. K3: &EVERKFEVERK HMPIXEOOER HM HEPEQ EPQEVM WILMRKKE QIQMRMQEPMWMV TIOIVNE]ERKOINEXYLERFIRHE F 5S: 4IRIQTEXER EPEX HER FELER WIWYEM HIRKER NIRMWR]E QIPMRHYRKM EPEX FELERHEVMHIFY
C.
308
Kebersihan dan Kenyamanan Dalam Bekerja
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1.
Analisis : E K3: 8MHEO QIQEOEM EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM FIVYTE WEVYRK XERKER HER QEWOIV WILMRKKEOYQER]ERKEHEFMWENEXYLOIQEOERER F 5S: 4VSWIWtidak resik EXEYFIVWMLHERtidak rajin EXEYTIQFMEWEERXIRXERK TIRKKYREEREPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVM
2.
Solusi : E K3: 1IQEOEM EPEX TIPMRHYRK HMVM FIVYTE WEVYRK XERKER HER QEWOIV WIVXE GIPIQIO F 5S: 4EOEMER HER EPEX TIPMRHYRK FIV[EVRE TYXML WILMRKKE QIRGIVQMROER OIFIVWMLERTIOIVNE
D.
Kebersihan Alat Setelah Digunakan Dan Tempat Penyucian
1.
Analisis : E K3: %PEX ]ERK WYHEL HMKYREOER HMFMEVOER HER XIVKIRERK EMV ]ERK FMWE QIRMQFYPOERFEOXIVM F 5S: Tidak resik OEVIREXMHEOWIKIVEHMFIVWMLOERTidak rawat OEVIREOSXSVER ]ERKQIRIQTIPFMEWQIRNEHMOIVEOWILMRKKEWYPMXHMFIVWMLOER
2.
Solusi : a. K3: /YOYTERNERKLEVYWHMTSXSRK YRXYOQIRGYGMEKEVOSXSVERXMHEO QEWYO OIWIPEWIPEOYOY b. 5S: %PEXLEVYWWIKIVEHMGYGMWIXIPEL HMTEOEMWILMRKKEXIVFIFEWHEVM FEOXIVM TIR]IFEFTIR]EOMX
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
309
E.
Pencahayaan Ruangan Alami Dan Buatan
1.
Analisis : E K3: 4IRGELE]EERXMHEOWIWYEMHIRKERWXERHEVXMRKOEXTIRIVERKERVYERKER b. 5S: Tidak rawat dan tidak resik OEVIRE TIRGELE]EER PEQTY 80 OYVERK STXMQEP
2.
Solusi : E K3: 0EQTY HMKERXM HIRKER ]ERK PIFML XIVERK WIVXE HMWIWYEMOER HIRKER WXERHEVXMRKOEXTIRIVERKERVYERK F 5S: 0EQTY HMFIVWMLOER WIGEVE FIVOEPE XIVQEWYO TEHE WEEX PEQE XMHEO HMKYREOEREKEVXIVGETEMTIRGELE]EERSTXMQEP
F.
Perlindungan Pekerja Dari Panas Alat
1. Analisis : E K3: 8MHEO EHE TIQFEXEW ERXEVE OSQTSV WEXY HIRKER ]ERK PEMR FEMO QIRKKYREOERKEVMWHMPERXEMEXEYTETER F 5S: Tidak ringkas OEVIRE NEVEO ERXEV OSQTSV NEYL WILMRKKE XIVNEHM TIQFSVSWERVYERK
310
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
2. Akibat : Physical Hazard ]ERKHMXMQFYPOERXIVWIRKEXTEREWOSQTSVHERXIVXYWYO XITM QINE ]ERK VYRGMRK HER Psychological Hazard ]EMXY TIOIVNE QIVEWE XMHEO EQER OEVIRE XEOYXXIVWIRKEXTEREW Kecelakaan akibat kerja ERKKKSXE FEHER FIVHEVELEXEYQIPITYLEOMFEXWIRKEXERTEREWQEYTYRYNYRKQINEHEROSQTSV ]ERK PERGMT Penyakit akibat kerja ]EMXY GEGEX XYFYL EXEY XIXERYW OEVIRE PYOE EOMFEXXITMQINEHEROSQTSV]ERKPERGMT 3. Solusi : E K3: 1IRKKYREOERMWSPEXSVPEMRYRXYOQIQFEXEWMOSQTSVHIRKERTIOIVNE b. 5S: 4IRIQTEXEROSQTSVHMFYEXWEPMRK QIQFIPEOERKMWILMRKKEPIFML IJMWMIR G.
Penempatan instalasi listrik
1. Analisis : E K3: .MOEXIVNEHMOIFEOEVERQEYTYRKERKKYERPMWXVMOTERIPWYPMXXIVNERKOEY F 5S: 4IREXEER OEFIP tidak rapi HER XIVPMLEX XMQFYP HER OSXSV WILMRKKE tidak rawat Akibat : Physical Hazard ]ERKHMXMQFYPOERXIVWIXVYQEOMFEXOIWEPELERKVSYRHMRK HER Psychological Hazard ]EMXY TIOIVNE QIVEWE XMHEO EQER OEVIRE XEOYX XIVWIXVYQ Kecelakaan akibat kerja ERKKKSXE FEHER XMHEO WIRKENE QIR]IRXYL XSQFSPTEHETERIPHERXIVNEHMKERKKYERPMWXVMOPenyakit akibat kerja ]EMXYGEGEX XYFYLEOMFEXXIVWIRKEXPMWXVMOHERKERKKYERSVKERXYFYLWITIVXMPYQTYL 3. Solusi : E K3: 1IQMRHELOER FEVERKFEVERK HMWIOMXEV TERIP WILMRKKE XIVHETEX GYOYT VYERKOSWSRK F 5S: 1IQFIVMOERTIRYXYTEXEYQIREREQOEFIPTEHEXIQFSO1IVE[EXHER QIRKIGIOOSRHMWMTERIPQMRMQEPXELYRWIOEPM
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
311
H.
Penempatan Alat Dan Bahan Ketika Bekerja
1.
Analisis : E K3: 4IRIQTEXER EPEXEPEX HM XITM QINE QIQFYEXR]E QYHEL NEXYLEXEY XIVWIRKKSPSPILTIOIVNE]ERKFIVPEPYPEPERK F 5S: 4IREXEER EPEX HER FELER tidak rapi dan tidak ringkas OEVIRE WEPMRK FIVGEQTYVERHERXMHEOXIVXEXEXIVPMLEXHEVMQEWMLEHER]EVYERKWMWE
Akibat : Ergonomic Hazard ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER TIOIVNE LEVYW FSPEOFEPMO QIRKEQFMP EPEX HER FELER ]ERK HMTIVPYOER Kecelakaan akibat kerja ]EMXY XIVWERHYRKFIRHE]ERKNEXYLHERFEHERTIKEPTIKEPEOMFEXFSPEOFEPMOPenyakit akibat kerja ]EMXYZEVMWIWHMQERETIQFYPYLHEVELQIPIFEVEOMFEXXIOERERXIVPEPY PEQEFIVHMVM
3.
Solusi : E K3: 4EHEXITMERQINEHMFIVMOERTIPMRHYRKEXEYPETMWEREKEVEPEXHERFELER XMHEOQYHELNEXYL F 5S: %PEXHERFELERHMTMWELOERWILMRKKEQIQYHELOERHEPEQTIRKEQFMPER 4IRIQTEXERNYKEHMWIWYEMOERHIRKERFIRXYOEPEXEKEVXMHEOEHEVYERK]ERK WMWE
I.
312
Bentuk dan kondisi Penyedot Asap
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
1.
Analisis : E
K3: 'IVSFSRK XMHEO FMWE QIRKLMWET EWET WIGEVE STXMQEP WILMRKKE EWET QEWMLEHE
F
5S: Tidak resik dan tidak rawat OEVIRE GIVSFSRK ]ERK HMTEWERK WYPMX HMPITEWOERYRXYOHMFIVWMLOER
Akibat: Physical Hazard ]ERKHMXMQFYPOERTIOIVNEQIRKLMVYTEWETHEVMQEWEOER GIVSFSRK]ERKNEVERKHMFIVWMLOERFIVOEVEXKecelakaan akibat kerja ]EMXYQEXE QIQIVEL EOMFEX XIVOIRE EWET HER LMHYRK QIRKLMVYT FER]EO EWET Penyakit akibat kerja ]EMXY -74% -VMXEWM 7EPYVER 4IVRETEWER %OYX EOMFEX FER]EO QIRKLMVYTEWETHERQEXEQIRKEPEQMMVMXEWM
3.
Solusi : E
K3: &ER]EOGIVSFSRKWEQEHIRKERFER]EOR]EOSQTSVWILMRKKEEWETXMHEO XIVLMVYT
F
5S: 1IPEOYOERTIVE[EXERHERTIQFIVWMLERGIVSFSRKTEPMRKXMHEOWIXELYR WIOEPM
J.
Penggunaan Alat Pemanas
1.
Analisis : E K3: 8MHEOQIRKKYREOERTIPMRHYRKXERKEROIXMOEQIKKYREOERSZIREXEYEPEX TIQEREWPEMRR]E F 5S: Tidak rajin OEVIRE XMHEO EHE TIQFMEWEER HEPEQ QIRKKYREOER EPEX TIPMRHYRKXERKER
2.
Solusi : E K3: 1IRKKYREOER TIPMRHYRK XERKER ]ERK XIFEP WILMRKKE XERKER XMHEO XIVWIRKEXTEREW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
313
F 5S: %HEWIQEGEQ[EPPGLEVXYRXYOQIRKMRKEXOERTIRXMRKR]EQIRKKYREOEQ EPEXTIRKEQER K.
Penyimpanan Dan Penempatan Tabung Gas
1.
Analisis : E K3: 4IRIQTEXER XEFYRK ]ERK EOER EXEY WYHEL HMKYREOER HIOEX HIRKER WYQFIVETMWILMRKKEHETEXQIRMQFYPOEROIGIPEOEEROIVNE F 5S: Tidak rapi dan tidak terawat XIVPMLEXHEVMTIRIQTEXERXEFYRK]ERKWYHEL EXEYEOERHMKYREOER
2.
Solusi: E K3: 1IQFYEX TIRIQTEXER XEFYRK KEW ]ERK EOER EXEY WYHEL HMKYREOER WILMRKKEXIVTMWELHEVMVYERKOIVNE F 5S: 8EFYRK KEW ]ERK EOER HMKYREOER HMXEXE HIRKER VETM HER ]ERK WYHEL XIVTEOEMWIKIVEHMOIQFEPMOEROITIRNYEPKEW
L.
Kesalahan Penempatan Alat
1.
Analisis : a. K3: (EVM WIKM OIWILEXER HETEX QIRKEOMFEXOER FER]EO OYQEROYQER ]ERK XYQFYLHMEPEXTIRKEHYOHERXMHEOHMXYXYT
314
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
F 5S: Tidak bersih dan tidak rapi XIVPMLEX HEVM TIRIQTEXER EPEX ]ERK FIVWIFIPELERHIRKERXIQTEXWETYHERTIP
Akibat : Ergonomic Hazard ]ERKHMXMQFYPOERTIOIVNEXMHEOR]EQERHEPEQFIOIVNE OEVIRE FER]EOR]E SVERK FIVPEPY PEPERK HER Biological Hazard ]EMXY FEOXIVM HER OYQER HEVM WETY HER TIP FMEW QIR]IFEV OI EPEX TIRKEHYO Kecelakaan akibat kerja ]EMXY TIOIVNE HETEX NEXYL EXEY FIVXEFVEOER OEVIRE HIOEX TMRXY OIPYEV Penyakit akibat kerja ]EMXY HMEVI EOMFEX EPEX TIRKEHYO ]ERK OSXSV EXEY GMHIVE OEVIRENEXYL
3.
Solusi : E K3: 1IQFIVMOERTIRYXYTTEHEEPEXWILMRKKEXIVFIFEWHEVMOYQERHERFEOXIVM F 5S: 1IQMWELOEREPEXTIRKEHYOHIRKERWETYHERTIPWILMRKKEXIVPMLEXVETMHER FIVWML
M. Keseragaman dan Kenyamanan Tempat Duduk Laboratorium Kimia 1.
Analisis : E K3: 0YEW TIREQTERK OEOM OYVWM OYVERK PYEW WILMRKKE QYHEL NEXYL HER QIRKEOMFEXOEROIGIPEOEER F 5S: 4IPIXEOOER OYVWM XMHEO VETM HER XMHEO VMRKOEW XIVPMLEX HEVM TIR]YWYWRER OYVWM]ERKFIVEKEQ
2.
Akibat : )VKSRSQMG,E^EVHFIVYTEOYVWM]ERKXIVPEPYTIRHIOXMHEOWIWYEMHIRKER QINE OIVNE WIVXE OYVWM OE]Y XMHEO QIQMPMOM FERXEPER HYHYO /IGIPEOEER EOMFEX OIVNE]EMXYXIVWERHYRKXIVXEFVEOEOMFEXFIRHE]ERKHMPIXEOOERWIQFEVERKERHER NEXYL EOMFEX TIREQTERK OEOM OYVWM ]ERK OIGMP 4IR]EOMX EOMFEX OIVNE FIVYTE
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
315
QIQEV OEVIRE XIVWERHYRK OYVWM HER NMOE NEXYL TEHE TSWMWM HYHYO EOER QIRKEOMFEXOEROIFYXEER 3.
Solusi : a. K3: 0YEW TIREQTERK OEOM OYVWM HMTIVPIFEV EKEV PIFML OSOSL WILMRKKE XMHEO QYHELNEXYL F 5S: 4IPIXEOER LEVYW XIVXEXE HER QIQTIVLEXMOER JEOXSV OIVETMER HER WIKM OIMRHELER
N.
Penerangan buatan
1.
Analisa: E K3: 4IRGELE]EER ]ERK XMHEO WIWYEM HIRKER WXERHEV XMRKOEX TIRIVERKER VYERKERPEFSVEXSVMYQOMQME b. 5S: Tidak rapi dan tidak rawat OEVIRE PEQTY ]ERK OYVERK FIVWML WIVXE TIREXEER]ERKOYVERKVETM
2.
Solusi : E K3: 0EQTY HMKERXM WIVXE HMWIWYEMOER HIRKER OIFYXYLER WXERHEV XMRKOEX TIRIVERKERVYERKERPEFSVEXSVMYQOMQME
316
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
F 5S: 0EQTYHMFIVWMLOERWIGEVEFIVOEPEWIVXEHMEXYVTIREXEERXMXMOPEQTYEKEV VETMHERXIVGETEMTIRIVERKERWIGEVESTXMQEP O.
Almari Penyimpanan Alat dan Bahan
1.
Analisis : E K3: 'EVETIR]MQTEREREPEXHMWEQEOERTEHELEPXIVHETEXFELEROMQME]ERK HMWMQTERHERTIVPYTIRERKEREROLYWYW F 5S: Tidak rapi tidak bersih WIVXE tidak ringkas OEVIRE TIREXEER ]ERK WIQFEVERKERHERHMXIQTEXOERTEHEVYERKXIVFYOE
2.
Solusi : E K3: &EVERKHMPIXEOOERHMHEPEQEPQEVMEWEQWILMRKKEQIQMRMQEPMWMVTIOIVNE ]ERKOINEXYLERFIRHEHEROIFSGSVERFELEROMQME F 5S: 4IRIQTEXER EPEX HER FELER WIWYEM HIRKER NIRMWR]E QIPMRHYRKM EPEX FELERHEVMWIVXEHMXEXEFIVHEWEVOERFIRXYOR]E
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
317
P.
Kondisi kotak P3K
1.
Analisis : a. K3: 4IRIQTEXERSFEXXIVGEQTYVGEQTYVHERWIVXEXMHEOQIQTIVLEXMOERIJIO HEVMWIKMOIWILEXER F 5S: Tidak ringkas dan tidak rapi OEVIRETIREXEERFEVERK]ERKQMVMRKWIVXE TIRYLWIWEO
2.
Solusi : E K3: 4IRIQTEXERSFEXHMFYEXXIVTMWELHERHMPIXEOERHIRKERTSWMWMXIKEOHER IQTIVLEXMOERHEVMWIKMOIWILEXER F 5S: 3FEX HMEXYV HER HMXEXE HIRKER VETM WIVXE HMXIQTEXOER HIRKER QIQTIVLEXMOERJVIOYIRWMQIRKKYREERSFEX
318
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
Q.
Peletakan Dan Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia
1.
Analisis : E K3: &ELERFELER OMQME HMPIXEOOER WIQFEVERKER WILMRKKE ETEFMPE XIVNEHM OIFSGSVEREOERQIRKEOMFEXOERXIVTIPIWIX F 5S: Tidak rapi dan tidak rawat OEVIRE FELER OMQME HMPIXEOOER HM VYERK XIVFYOEHERXMHEOXIVXEXE
Akibat : Ergonomic Hazard FIVYTE OIWEPELER TSWMWM TIRKEQFMPER EPEX EOMFEX TIPIXEOOERHMFE[ELQINEChemical Hazard ]EMXYFELEROMQME]ERKQIRKEPEQM OIFSGSVER EOER FIVFEY QIR]IRKEX FELER OMQME ]ERK QIRKIREM OYPMX EOER QIR]IFEFOER OYPMX QIPITYL Kecelakaan akibat kerja GMHIVE HER OINERK SXSX OIFEOEVER Penyakit akibat kerja ]ERK HMXMQFYPOER EHEPEL OIPEMRER XYPERK FIPEOERK GEGEX OYPMX EWQE TIR]EOMXTIR]EOMX EOMFEX MRJIOWM TEHE WEPYVER TIVRETEWER
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
319
3.
Solusi : E K3: &ELERFELEROMQMEHMPIXEOOERTEHEXIQTEXTIR]MQTERER]ERKXIVXYXYT WILMRKKEHETEXQIQMRMQEPMWMVOIGIPEOEEROIVNE F 5S: &ELER OMQME HMXEXE HIRKER VETM HER HMOIPSQTSOOER QIRYVYX NIRMWR]E WIVXEHMFIVMPEFIPEKEVXMHEOXIVGEQTYVWEXYWEQEPEMR
R.
Perangkap tikus
1.
Analisis : E K3: 4IVERKOETXMOYWQIRKLEPERKMNEPYVEOWIWTVEOXMOERHETEXQIQMGY OIGIPEOEEROIVNE XIVWERHYRK F 5S: Tidak resik dan tidak rapi OEVIREEHER]ETIVERKOETXMOYW QIRKMRHMOEWMOERVYERKERXIVWIFYXOYVERKXIVNEKEOIFIVWMLERR]E
320
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
2.
Solusi : E K3: 4VEOXMOERQIQEOEMEPEXTIPMRHYRKHMVMFIVYTEWEVYRKXERKERHER QEWOIVWIVXEHMFMEWEOERQIRNEKEOIFIVWMLER F 5S: 6YERKERHMFIVWMLOERWIGEVEFIVOEPEEKEVXMHEOQIRKYRHERK OIFIVEHEERXMOYW
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
321
322
MANAJEMEN BENGKEL DAN LABORATORIUM YANG SEHAT DAN SELAMAT BERBASIS 5S
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ,EVKM]EVXS(VW4YXYX/IWIPEQEXER(ER/IWILEXER/IVNE=SK]EOEVXE 92= ,IFFMI-PQE%H^MQ1EXIVM(EWEVHEWEV/7IRMR(IWIQFIV LXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQPERKOEL PERKOELTIRIVETERFYHE]EVLXQP CCCCCCLXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQTIRKIVXMER XYNYERHERQERJEEXTIRIVETERLXQP CCCCCCLXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQPEFIPXERHE HEROSHI[EVRETIVTMTEERLXQP CCCCCCLXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQPEFIP OIQEWERFELERQEXIVMEPFIVFELE]ELXQP CCCCCCLXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQVEQFYFELE]E LP CCCCCCLXXT WMWXIQQERENIQIROIWIPEQEXEROIVNEFPSKWTSXGSQW]EVEXW]EVEX OOIWIPEQEXERHERLXQP ,MVS]YOM,MVERE'LEMVQER7.ETER.-81EREKIQIRX0EFSVEXSV]'S .IRRMJIV +YRRMRK HOO )VKSRSQMG ,ERHFSSO JSV XLI 'PSXLMRK -RHYWXV] 'EREHE9RMXI 1ERKMRM 0IS 8LI /MXGLIR 'LIGOPMWX 8LI 9PXMQEXI KYMHI XS TPERRMRK E JYRGXMSREP OMXGLIR 4MRREKSHE'LERHVE )VKSRSQMG'LIGOTSMRXW 4VEGXMGEPERHIEW]XSMQTPIQIRX 6YHM7YEVHM7MWXIQ1ERENIQIR/IWIPEQEXERHER/IWILEXER/IVNE.EOEVXE441 7SPYXMSRWJSVMQTVSZMRKWEJIX]LIEPXLERH[SVOMRKGSRHMXMSRW+IRIZE -03 %R)VKSRSQMG+YMHIJSVOMXGLIRMR,IEPXLGEVI'EREHE3,7%, LXXT [[[PSKMWXMGSPSK]GSQMRHI\TLTORS[PIHKIVFYHE]EOIVNENITERKLXQP LXXT [[[[MOMTIHMESVK LXXT [[[FPSKWTSXGSQMQEKIW7IMVM74SWXIVNTK LXXT FPSKWTSXGSQ8,/QK&0*Z-WIMXSRNTK LXXT [[[FTFPSKWTSXGSQMQEKIWWIMWSXTQSJJMGINTK LXXT FTFPSKWTSXGSQCH-17W^S7M
