16 Tense in English Class [PDF]

Citation preview

PRESENT TENSE 1. Simple Present Tense Although present mean now (sekarang) but matter of in don't be interpreted that the action done at the moment. this tenses is used to express something that have the character of remain to, real truth or habit. Because often concerning occurence of past time, now and will come. This Tense at least having selected time description. English sentences generally must have subject (S) and Predicate (P). Because that, all tenses formulatived like that.



Formulas of Present Tense: (positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: S + V1 / S + V1 + O : S + do (es) not + V1 : Do (es) + S + V1 ?



If in the sentence have not another verb, so we use verb to be. Affirmative (+) Affirmative (-) Affirmative (?)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + Be (am, is, are) : S + Be (am, is, are) + not : Be (am, is, are) + S



: : : :



He drinks milk. He does not drink milk. Does he drink milk? Milk is drunk by him



2. Present Continuous Tense



This Tense is used to express something really action is doing in this time. sentences in this tense a more regular weared than present tense.



Formulas of Present Continuous Tense: (positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



: S + Be (am, is are) + V ing (present participle) : S + Be (am, is are) + not + V ing : Be (am, is, are) + S + V ing ?



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: He is drinking milk. : He is not drinking milk. : Is he drinking milk ? : Milk is being drunk by him



3. Present Perfect Tense



This is Tense which was generally assumed most was difficult to comprehended. To overcome this matter is we have to recognize marking of Tense this. Present Perfect Tense Of dot weigh against at "It have or have its" an action "is not at time doing" action. or equally Present Perfect Tense don't make account of when the happening of an action but the haveness of action done. Therefore this Tense have never followed by time description.



Formulas of Present Perfect Tense:



(positive) : S + have (has) + V3 (past participle) (Negative) : S + have (has) + not + V3 (Interrogative) : Have (has) + S + V3?



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: He has drunk milk. : He has not drunk milk. : Has he drunk milk ?



Passive Voice



: Milk has been drunk by him



4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense



If an action started past time but still is doing till now hence us use sentence in the form of Present Perfect Continuous Tense. This Tense is weared if Verb is including Static Nature (bersifat tetap).



Formulas of Present Continuous Tense: (positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + have (has) + been + Ving : S + have (has) + not + been + Ving : Have (has) + S + been + Ving ?



: He has been drinking milk. : He has not been drinking milk. : Has he been drinking milk ? : Milk has been being by him



PAST TENSE 1. Simple Past Tense is used to express an old world action that happened. Way past tense form depend on type of second Verb. first way added d or of ed at second verb (regular verb). Second way in generally change the vowel sounds (irregular verb).



Formula of Simple Past Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + V2 (preterite) : S + did not (didn’t) + V1 : Did + S + V1 ?



: He drank milk. : He did not drink milk. : Did he drink milk ? : Milk was drunk by him



2. Past Continuous Tense This Tenses is used to express an action which is happened in past time. and at the same time happened other action. This Tense emphasize is the happening of the action not its have.



Formulas of Past Continuos Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + was/were + V ing (present participle) : S + was/were + not + V ing : was/were + S + V ing?



: He was drinking milk. : He was not drinking milk. : Was he drinking milk ? : Milk is being drunk by him



3. Past Perfect Tense It is the same with Past Continuos Tense nor selfsupporting as simple sentence but have to provide with Past Tense sentence. this used to express an action which



have been done in past time.



Formulas of Past Perfect Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



: S + had + V3 : S + had + not + V3 : Had + S + V3?



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: He had drunk milk. : He had not drunk milk. : Had He drunk milk ?



Passive Voice



: Milk had been drunk by him



4. Past Perfect Continuos Tense Present participle of Past this Perfect like action which still take place past time when an other occurence cut.



Formulas of Past Perfect Continuos Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + had been + V ing : S + had not + been + V ing : Had + S + been + V ing?



: He had been drinking. : He had not been drinking. : Had he been drinking ? : Milk had been being drunk by him



FUTURE TENSE 1. Simple Future Tense This Tense is used to express an action to happen in the future.



Formulas of Simple Future Tense: (Positive) (Negative)



: S + shall/will + V1 : S + shall/will + not + V1



(Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: Shall/will + S + V1 ?



: He will drink milk. : He will not drink milk. : Will He drink ?



2. Future Continuous Tense This Tense is used to express estimated to action underway at the time of selected is future or there is happened other action.



Formulas of Future Continuous Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



: S + shall/will be + V ing : S + shall/will + not + be + V ing : Shall/will + S + Be + V ing?



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: He will be drinking milk. : He will not be drinking milk. : Will he be drinking milk ?



Passive Voice



: Milk will be being drunk by him



3. Future Perfect Tense This Tense is used to express an estimated action have been done at the selected time in future or if there are any other action.



Formulas of Future Perfect Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: S + shall/will have + V3 : S + shall/will + not + have + V3 : Shall/will + S + have + V3?



Examples: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: He will have drunk milk. : He will not have drunk milk. : Will he have drunk milk ? : Milk will has drunk by him



4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense



This Tense is weared to express an estimated action will come in selected future period or if there are any happened other action. This Tense seldom wear.



Formulas of Future Perfect Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



: S + shall/will have been + V ing : S + shall/will + not + have been + V ing : Shall/will + S + have been + V ing?



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: he will have been drinking milk. : he will not have been drinking milk. : Will he have been drinking milk ?



Passive Voice



: Milk will has being drunk milk



PAST FUTURE TENSE 1. Past Future Tense This Tense generally only used in Conditional (Kalimat Pengandaian) or Reported Speech (Kalimat tidak langsung).



Formulas of Past Future Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



: S + will + V1 : S + will not + V1 : Will + S + V1?



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: He will drink milk. : He will not drink milk. : Will he drink ?



Passive Voice



: Milk will be drunk by him



2. Past Future Continuous Tense



This Tense is weared very rare and if there are any, only met in Reported Speech.



Formulas of Past Future Continuous Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative) Passive Voice



: S + will be + V ing : S + will not be + V ing : will + S + be + V ing?



: He will be drinking milk. : He will not be drinking milk. : Will he be drinking milk ? : Milk would have been drunk by him



3. Past Future Perfect Tense This Tense intrinsically only weared in Conditional (kalimat Pengandaian) as main clause for expressing unreal past (lampau tak nyata).



Formulas of Past Future Perfect Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



Examples:



(Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: S + will have + V3 : S + will not + have + V3 : will + S + have + V3?



: he will have drunk milk. : he will not have drunk milk. : Will he have drunk milk ?



4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense This Tense is used very rare even in Reported Speech even if.



Formulas of Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: S + will + have + been + V ing : S + will + have not + been +V ing : will + S + have been + V ing?



Examples: (Positive) (Negative) (Interrogative)



: he will have been drinking milk : he will have not been drinking milk : Will he have been drinking ?