An Introduction to the Grammar of the Tibetan Language [PDF]

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Sllt!;SUMtAQ,i3AG'^JE,Si^^



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S^«5^T



CHANDRA



J)AS.



AN INTRODUCTION TO THK



GPaMMAR OF THE TIBETAN LANGUAGE WITH THK TEXTS OF



SITUhl



SUM



SAL-WAI ME-LONG



DAG-JE



^a



i



C(.



rTAGs, and



BY



,



SARAT CHANDR\ DAS,



i



SHAL-LUN



SITUhl



,,



c.i e.,



Rai Baha,iui;



Member of ihe Imperial Archenlogical Society of St. I'etersburg, Member of the Asiatic Sociel// of I'engal, Honorary Member of the Bamjiya SCihilya Parishad, Calcutta.



Corresponding



Asseciate



Winner



Marquess of Dufferin and Ava's Silver Medal, in 1886. His Siamese Majesty King Cliulalonkorn's Tiishili 3fd/d Decoration, the Royul Geogiapliioal Society's Prize, called T/ie Bade Picniium,



of tlie



,,



of



,,



of



in 18S7. in 1888.



AUTHOlt OF Narrative of a Journey to Tashi-lhunpo, in 1879. Journey to Lhasa and Central Tibet in 1881 1882. A Dictionary (if tlie 'i'ibetan Language with Sanskrit synonyms. Indian Pandits in the Land of Snow. Bodhisattvavadana Kalpalata (in Bengali). ,



—



A



Editor of YiG-KUR Nam-shag, Tibetan



Tjetter Wiiter.



Ksemendra's Sanskrit Poem " The Avadana Kalpalata" with Shonton Lotiava.



its



Ksemhndra's Darpadalan (in Sanikrit). Pagsam Jox Zang, Pagsam Thi-shing (in Tibetan Buddhist Tkxt Society's Journals, &o.



metrical translation jfA



prose).



iarieeling: PRINTED AT THE DARJKELING BRANCH PRESS. 1915.



Price



— Indian



Es. 10 ; English 15



s.



by



H



C OuTT



The Hon*ble Mr. W. W. Rockhill's Description of the Present Dalai Lama.



"Concerning the Dalai Lama Thub-tan Gya-tsho himself, during his residence at the Wut'ai Shan



him repeatedly during ability, of quick



stay in



his



during the



seemed deeply impressed with the great



more



so,



He



Peking.



in the is



a



last



in a very low voice.



He



short in stature



is



his teeth,



and



He



haughty and forbidding. His nose his head.



Supreme



He is



and



Pontiff of his



quick tempered



and smoothly, but



His complexion



his face,



He



a moat thoughtful host,



speaks rapidly



;



saw



which



is



is



rather



not very broad,



up most pleasantly when he smiles and



In repose his face



impressive, and rather



is



small and slightly aquiltive, his ears large, but well set on



His eyes are dark brown and rather large and with considerable obliquity, and



his eye-brows



narquois



is



him



of slight build.



It lights



which are sound and white.



I



broad-minded, possibly as a



is



times I found



darker than that of the Chinese, and of a ruddier brown pitted with small-pox, but not deeply.



week with him



few years, and of great natural dignity.



an agreeable talker and extremely courteous.



shows



He



perhaps, than those resulting from his temporal duties. all



a



of undoubted intelligence



responsibilities of his office as



and impulsive, but cheerful and kindly. At



is



passed



Province of Shanei), and



man



understanding and of force of character.



result of his varied experiences



faith,



( ^'^'l^'g



I



heavy and rising markedly towards the temples, giving him a very heavy



and wordly expression, which



small mouche under his



is



further emphasized



his



His hands are small and well shaped



lip.



usually carried a rosary of "



Red Sandalwood



"



;



moustache and the



on his



beads with silver counters.



he moves quickly, but he does not hold himself seated' cross-legged



by



erect, a



result of passing



left



wrist he



When



walking,



most of



on cushions. His usual dress is the same dark red one worn by



all



his life



Lamas,



with a waist-coat of gold brocade and a square of the same material covering his Chub-lu,



(badge of the Gelug-pa Yellow-Cap Sect of Tibet), and hanging down



below



his waist



in



front."



I received theg^'l'^sic benediction from His Holiness on service held



on the topmost



floor of Potala (see



June 10th,



my description



2024S65



of



it



in



in 1882, at a religious



page 17 Appendix VI.)



Mr. Rockhill, in his



March 1912, wrote



My dear



letter to



me, dated American Embassy, Constantinople, the



as follows: *



*



friend,



*



I see that the Dalai



Lama



has left Darjeeling for Lhasa.



He



he only acted on good advice and that he will not regret the step he has taken. and I can well imagine that he was getting very



him have always been most



for.



It will give also yours.



I



restless at



agreeable and cordial I



under the new regimi in China he Tibetans wait



am



the prolonged exile.



rather



is



As my



very heartily his well-wisher.



will be able to secure for his



pleasure to send



you



I have not seen you since 1885.



my



may



with



be that all



What



Lama



is



seated on a chair.



request, the



a long time



On



|«j-q^ or §"ai^§'5J^e^^c«'''^q



most thoughtful among



his



councillors,



Send me



photograph as soon as I can get one for you. !



his right-behind



Lon-chen Gung-thang-pa and Lon-chen Shol-khang-pa.



my



opinionated



relations



It



sincerely yours,



W. W.



at



hope



hope he may.



me much



Dalai



I



country the autonomous Government



Always



The



15th



The



and



former, his



left



used often to see



me



in



stand



Lama



(Appendix VII) and the 1911,



IIOCKHILL.



my



friends



Minister wrote,



latter perhaps, the



at



my



residence



Lhasa- Villa in Darjeeling, April 1914.



Saeat Chandra Das,



Dedicated to



The Honourable W. W. Eockhill, Author of " The Land of Lamas " ^c, (Formerly American Ambassador at Peking, Athens,



and Constantinople,



St.



Petersburgh



&c.)



As A Token of Hi^h Esteem.



LHASA-VILLA, DARJEELING.



SARAT CHANDRA DAS. April,



1914..



^•2q^'g'Jia^-^3^'q'^'C^q|3^|



*



«ff|2;'^q'g'^ro'ZT[|5J'3'qa;f



qi^i^CSjIqi'qy^'Si^l'^q'q'JIEq I



|'5J'^^$l'^:rj§I'q|^'q^':i]i^5j |



• ^-q^-jsiS



The



* ^'^'^



Pacifio Ocean,



t ^'^ Chinese name of America. +



i^l««



and



S el'lc'i



1=.



are equivalents of



Mr.



Tibetan name for Peking.



Chinese name for the American Legation at Peking.



t



A Journey to



t



Remembering kindness.



§



As



f



Lhasa and Central Tibet.



a token of the fulness of heart.



m



i



qaq^i



^•^5-H



prefixed to



is



among the



?I



*,



f^,



example



i\r:^% letters, for «,



prefixed to p, ^,



is



.



or its Tibetan equivalent



P*.



Tibetan equivalent



^.



its



represent the Ndgari letter ^ or



its



'^.



Tibetan equivalent ^ot



'V.



XXII



On the



use of honoeific xERiia and espeessions. written and colloquial, there are two methods of expres-



In the Tibetan language, both



The



sion.



first is



^'5