Conjunction [PDF]

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CONJUNCTION Conjunction atau kata sambung adalah kata yang digunakan untuk



menghubungkan unit-unit bahasa yang setara (kata dengan kata, frasa dengan frasa, klausa dengan klausa, kalimat dengan kalimat, dan seterusnya). Pemakaian conjunction dapat dicontohkan dengan kalimat di bawah ini. You and I are on the same boat. And menghubungkan kata (you) dengan kata (I) atau subjek dengan subjek.



Is that your father or your uncle? Or menghubungkan frasa (your father) dan frase (your uncle) atau subjective complement dan subjective complement.



We went home after the rain stopped. After menghubungkan klausa (we went home) dan klause (the rain stopped) atau main clause dan sub cluase.



He is smart but he is arrogant. But menghubungkan kalimat (he is smart) dan kalimat (he is arrogant).



CONJUNCTION Conjunction dibagi menjadi 2 jenis : 1. Compound Conjunctions Compound conjuction dalah kata sambung yang menghubungkan hal-hal yang setara, misalnya subject dengan subject, verb dengan verb, object dengan object, adverb dengan adverb, adjective dengan adjective, dsb. Compound conjunction dibagi menjadi 2, antara lain: 1. Coordinate conjunction 2. Correlative conjunction



2 . Subordinating Conjuctions Complex conjunction adalah kata sambung yang menghubungkan antara main clause (induk kalimat) dan subordinate clause (anak kalimat).



COMPOUND CONJUNCTION 1. Coordinate Conjunction F–A–N–B–O–Y–S



For (karena) And (dan) Nor (tidak juga) But (tetapi) Or (atau) Yet (tetapi) So (sehingga)



She was absent yesterday, for she was sick. Mr. Wilson invited me and him. He can not see nor hear. The shoes are old but comfortable. Is Sam sleeping or going somewhere? She didn’t study, yet she passed the exam. He was tired, so he went to bed.



Catatan: 1. ) FANBOYS selalu terletak di tengah kalimat atau di antara dua kalimat. Tidak dibenarkan meletakkan mereka di awal kalimat. Contoh: CORRECT : The child hid behind his mother’s skirt, for he was afraid of the dog. INCORRECT : For he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind his mother’s skirt. Namun conjuction lain bisa digunakan untuk menggantikannya ketika di awal kalimat. Contoh: Because he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind his mother’s skirt. 2.) Conjuction for, yet, dan so selalu menghubungkan kalimat dan koma selalu mengawali mereka. I feel unhealthy, so I cannot accompany you



3) And, ketika menghubungkan dua kalimat, memiliki tanda baca sebagai berikut: It was raining hard, and there was a strong wind. Umumnya, coordinative conjunction diawali dengan sebuah koma ketika menghubungkan dua kalimat. Jika kalimat yang dihubungkan merupakan kalimat-kalimat pendek, koma dapat dihilangkan. It was raining hard and there was a strong wind. Pada penulisan yang sifatnya informal, and dapat memulai sebuah kalimat baru. It was raining hard. And there was a strong wind.



COMPOUND CONJUNCTION 2. Correlative Conjunction



Not only ____ but also ____ Either ____ or ____ Neither ____ nor ____ Both____ and ____ Plural dan singular-nya ditentukan dari kata benda yang belakang. Not only she but also I am studying chemistry. Not only I but also she is studying chemistry. Either Mr. Anderson or Ms. Wiggin is going to teach our class today. Neither my sister nor my parents have been here. Neither my parents nor my sister has been here. Catatan : Both____ and ____ Ketika berada didepan maka selalu diikuti verb jamak Both Jon and Jack are smart



SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION 2 . Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating conjunction adalah kata sambung yang menghubungkan antara main clause (induk kalimat) dan subordinate clause (anak kalimat). Bertemunya dua jenis klausa ini akan membentuk kalimat yang disebut complex sentence . Adapun anggota subordinating conjunction meliputi konjungsi selain compound conjuction, seperti: when, while, which, what, when, where, that, after, before, till, until, because, although, if, dsb.



Contoh:



• • • • •



He was talking on the phone when I arrived. We stayed there until we finished our work. After she graduates, she will get a job. I had left before he came. He went to bed because he was sleepy.



FUNCTIOINS OF CONJUNCTION



.



1



Penambahan (cumulative)



She is both a teacher and a writer.



2



Pilihan (alternative)



You can take either the white candy or the red one.



3



Pertentangan (adversative)



Mrs Nia is humble, but her sister isn’t.



4



Kesimpulan (conclusion)



I am ready, so let’s go now.



5



Keterangan tambahan (apposition)



They loved each other until they passed away together.



6



Hubungan sebab akibat (cause and He didn’t attend the lecture because he had to effect) take her mother to the hospital.



7



Pengaruh atau akibat (impact)



This soup is so hot that I cannot eat it.



8



Maksud dan tujuan (purpose)



You have to drink much in order that you keep hydrated.



9



Syarat (condition)



You will get it done if you focus on finishing it.



10



Cara (manner)



He got the ticket as he came earlier.



11



Waktu (time)



You can use my PC while I am outside.