Jenis Dan Fungsi Offshore Platform [PDF]

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JENIS DAN FUNGSI OFFSHORE PLATFORMS



Oleh: Dr. Eng. Rudi W. Prastianto, ST. MT. Departemen Teknik Kelautan Fakultas Teknologi Kelautan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya



Definisi Struktur Lepas-pantai 



Has no fixed access to dry land  May be required to stay in position in all weather conditions.  May be fixed to the seabed or may be floating.  Floating structures may be moored to the seabed, dynamically positioned by thrusters or may be allowed to drift freely.



Jenis-jenis Offshore Platforms



Sebuah Ladang (Field) MIGAS Offshore



Layout Pengembangan Oil Field



Contoh Jacket Platform



KONDISI OPERASIONAL



Lay-out Anjungan Lepas Pantai (Shell)



OPERATIONAL CONDITION



Fungsi Supporting Structures Anjungan Lepas Pantai Fungsi











Mampu mendukung bangunan atas dan fasilitasnya bebas dari air laut selama waktu operasi dengan aman



Menahan beban vertikal akibat beban Parameter fungsional, berat struktur dan fasilitas pendukung  Menahan beban horizontal dan momen lentur akibat beban lingkungan (angin, gelombang, arus, dll).



Jenis Anjungan Berdasar Fungsinya (1)   



    



Anjungan Pengeboran (Drilling Platform) Anjungan Kepala Sumur (Wellhead Platform) Anjungan Produksi (Production/Treatment Platform) Anjungan Akomodasi (Quarter Platform) Anjungan Pembantu (Auxiliary Platform) Anjungan Gabungan (Combination Platform)  PDQ platform Anjungan Penyimpan (Storage Platform)  FSO, FPSO Anjungan Pengeksport (e.g. Single Point Mooring [SPM] atau Single Buoy Mooring [SBM])



WELLHEAD PLATFORM



PROCESS PLATFORM



A Jacket platform with 3 flotation Legs



A self-contained Jacket platform



Kondisi Operasional Anjungan di Indonesia (Agustus 2004) Tidak Operasi KPS Operasi Tanpa Lengkap Deck BP Indonesia 161 39 10 CNOOC 91 2 6 Conoco Philips 7 0 0 Exxon Mbl 1 0 0 Indo Pacific 3 0 0 Kodeco Energy 15 0 0 Kondur Ptl 11 0 0 Premier Oil 2 0 0 Star Oil 4 0 0 Total Fina Elf 73 0 0 Unocal Indonesia 69 10 0 Job Pertamina-Costa 13 0 0 Tac Pertalahan 0 3 0 Pertamina Hulu Ex Arco 10 0 0 Jumlah 460 54 16



Total



Prosentase



210 99 7 1 3 15 11 2 4 73 79 13 3 10 530



39.6% 18.7% 1.3% 0.2% 0.6% 2.8% 2.1% 0.4% 0.8% 13.8% 14.9% 2.5% 0.6% 1.9% 100.0%



Distribusi Anjungan -Tahun Pembangunan (2004) KPS BP Indonesia CNOOC Conoco Philips Exxon Mbl Indo Pacific Kodeco Energy Kondur Ptl Premier Oil Star Oil TOTAL Fina Elf Unocal Indonesia Job Pertamina-Costa Tac Pertalahan Pertamina Hulu Ex Arco Jumlah