15 0 11 MB
Sunday, 31th January, 2021
Ali Achmad Independent Geologist You can find me at [email protected]
GEOLOGIST’S ROLES FOR COAL MINING PROJECT SUCCESSFULNESS Sharing Session to bawahtanah.co.id
Disclaimer Most of these materials in this sharing presentation it is taken from internet (Public domain). The original pictures absolutely is copyright belongs to Authors , Not me“ ==All of opinion views that will expressed are based on my knowledges and also experiences. I am not represent as company or Academic Institution== ==Some sources link refer to company , However , there is no intent to commercial or promoted it == “I am not expert, but this is just sharing and learning not a lecture.. Therefore your critical, discussion, comment, feedback and others are so useful”
“Slide will be distributed after webinar session”
--Ali Achmad-Disclaimer
CV (Curriculum Vitae) Ali Achmad • • •
• • • •
==Brief Curriculum vitae==
Birth : Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia Education : Geology , UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta (S1,2012) History of Affiliations & Positions: 2011 : Exploration Geologist, CV Chondrit, Muara Karangan Project – East Kalimantan. 2011 – 2012 : Staff Assistant of Geodynamics UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta. 2012 : Final S1 Thesis at Banyumas Sub Basin, Central Java, was Supervised By Dr. Suyoto M.Sc 2012 – 2013 : Wellsite Geologist, PT Arutmin Indonesia (Mineral Resources Department) 2013 – 2014 : Graduate Development Program (GDP), PT Arutmin Indonesia 2014 – Now : Geologist & Geotechnical Engineer, PT Arutmin Indonesia July 2020 – Now : G&G Section Head (Acting) Professional Organization: IAGI Paper Publication : 11 Conferences Papers (IAGI, Perhapi & National Seminary) Keynote Speaker : HMGF Unibraw, Lenusa Consulting , HMGF Region IV (East Java),IAGEO UPN, VTC Training. e-mail : [email protected], Professional Email : [email protected]
Ali Achmad Disclaimer
ali.achmad134
CONTENTS 1. GEOLOGY DOMAIN Regional Scope Study
References Basinal Analysis Regional mapping Prospection
Exploration & Mapping techniques Aerial Valid Topography Detailed Stratigraphical & Structural Mapping Outcrop Observational technique Coal Lithotype Drilling (Qual & GT), sampling & Logging Coal Quality Parameters
Coal Reserve Calculation
Coal Modelling Coal seams Correlation Built up Stratigraphical Seam (Schema) Inputting the Boreholes & Quality Lab. Outcomes Graphical Outputs (Xsection, Croplines, Iso Thickness, Roof – Floor Contours, Data Posting, Statistical model etc.
Feasibility Study Land Compensation Reserve Graphics Infrastructure, Pitshell, Waste dump design Generation Settling Pond Design Project Commenced & Mining Operational, Hauling, Crushing, Barging & Marketing.
Coal Resources Estimation KCMI 2017 Point Of Observation Isoline/Circle and Cross Section Methodology Measured, Indicated, Inferred and Hypothetical/Invento ry Coal Coals Tonnages
#Regional Scope Study Let’s Talk About
Regional Scope Study 1.1 Exploration Hierarchy
Soemarsono,2016
Cost Uncertainty Geology Domain
Regional Scope Study 1.2 References
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
https://b-ok.asia/book/871872/2ee2fd
• A lot of internet sites which provided various journals according “keyword”that you inputted such as “Borneo Coal Exploration” • www.sciencedirect.com , www.z-library.com etc.
Geology Domain
Regional Scope Study 1.2.1 References “The all of natural resources sorts in Indonesia are mainly controlled by Tectonic”
Counter-clockwise
Geology Domain
Regional Scope Study 1.2.2 Basin Analysis Calvert, 2000
West
Central Sumatra
Legend
Kutei Basin West East
NE Barito Basin
South Sumatra
Asem** Basin SW
Tari,2014
Barito
NE Geology Domain
Asem Asem
SW
Badan Geologi, 2010 https://geology.esdm.go.id/cekungan
East
Regional Scope Study 1.3 Basinal Analysis
Coal Formation
Project Area
https://www.geomatejournal.com/sites/default/files/articles/249254-icee23-Kausarian-Nov-2019-63.pdf
Regional geology map
Stratigraphy regional https://www.iagi.or.id/fosi/files/2017/03/BS37-03032017.pdf
Geology Domain
Darman, 2017
Regional Scope Study 1.4 Regional Mapping & Prospection https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140482000144
f
Mine Project Permit
A
Note ; ATR : Antaredja Mining Project
Prospect Area Confirmation Boreholes
ATR 07 ATR 01
ATR 03
ATR 05
ATR 09
A’ Mine permit 100
A
0
Geology Domain
100
Prospect Area
A’ 0
Note ; Exploration Boreholes
Sub Surface Cross Section ; To define the pattern of Boreholes Trajectories https://twitter.com/theagu/status/1022176516304596992
#Exploration Mapping & Techniques Let’s Talk About
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.5 Aerial Topography •
•
Mining project topography should be provided in Geodetic basis tools. We can’t use it, if this topo it is originate from SRTM or DEM mode.
https://openpress.usask.ca/geolmanual/chapter/overview-of-topographic-maps/
Geodetic topography
Geodetic topo measurement https://www.greenbelly.co/pages/contourlines
X,Y,Z Points datasets
Topo DEM (not valid)
Importing to mine software
Validating this topo is carried out by geodetic Engineers
Geodetic Tools
Software Processing (Surface files)
Volume materials (Coal & Waste) $ Project
Geology Domain
Surveyor activity
https://freegistutorial.com/how-to-create-topography-from-contour-in-leapfrog/
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.6 Detailed Surface Geological Mapping both Stratigraphy and Structural Geology Plotted Geological Map
With Structural Feature
Geological Map Symbols
https://id.pinterest.com/pin/593067844653778194/
Less of Structural Feature
Courtesy : Adaro Mining https://ch.infinetwireless.com/uploads/images/1-Mine-planning.jpg
Cross Section
The effect of the angle of dip on the sinuosity of a contact’s outcrop.
Geology Domain
https://www.radford.edu/jtso/GeologyofVirginia/Structures/GeologyOfVAStructures4-3b.html
Richard, J Lisle 2004
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.7 Output Observational Techniques Cross bed Sandstone
Coal Seam
Interbedded of Sand-shale
Cross bedded Sandstone
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Sediment olog ical- log s-of-the-Ema kwezini-F orm ation-deta iling-ve rtica l-facie s_fig 1_ 250 085373
http://geology.blogs.wm.edu/files/2016/08/VAcoal.jpg
We must detail to taking some informations of an outcrops related ; Structural geology data (Strike&dip, thickness, microfold, fault , joints set, log profiles, sampling, sketch and theirs connectivities among of bed layers. Geology Domain
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.8 Drillholes Determination
Geology Domain
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.9 Seismic Survey
Paleo channel
Sill & Dike Seismic characterisation can to reveal : Mapping of the Gross Structural Geology features Intrusions & Crystaline rock Sedimentary feature (Channel sand, Limestone etc) Shale Diapirism Geological hazard (gas content)
Grippa, 2019 Burning effect
Long wall Panel Andesite Sill
Boulder of Igneous Rock Tanjung Fm.
Geology map Coal Seam
Large Intrusion Geology Domain
Surveyor activity Pranoto, 2020
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.10 Drilling, Sampling & Logging Rock Quality Designation (Deere,1967)
Rock core split in half to expose the core inside
f
https://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/coal-core-coreobtained.php
https://ausimm.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/CoalLog_v2.0_Training_Manual.pdf
Shear zone at Fault zone
Interlaminated ss and shale
Identification of Geotechnical defects feature during exploration activity it’s very important to mining project successful. Geology Domain
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.11 Drilling, Sampling & Logging
Quality Sample Ply 1
Coal Roof
10 cm (Coal Roof)
4 Meter
Ply 3 https://www.discovere.org/our-activities/single-activity-detail/Core%20Sampling
Coal Body
Ply 2
~ cm (Coal Body 1)
~ cm (parting/non coal) ~ cm (Coal Body 2) 10 cm (Coal Floor)
Coal Floor
A coal quality samples must note the informations related ; • Borehole name, seam name, coal ply , Depth (from – to), Thickness & Sample Numbers. We are create a dispatch/request quality letter to Laboratory. • TM,IM,ASH,VM,FC,CV, RD (Cv gar,daf & rdi we can search it through a formulation). Geology Domain
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.12 Coal Type & Rank https://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/coal-macerals.php
Anthracite Geology Domain
Bituminous
Lignite
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.12 Coal Type & Rank https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetarysciences/vitrinite-reflectance
“Don’t be misunderstanding” • There are no connectivities among coal rank vs sulfur, ash, minerals (Boron, Phosporus Etc). • Changing of macerals density it would be changed Coal rank (Rvmax)
(R0)
Vitrinite reflectance (Rv max%, Ro%) is the percentage of light reflected from the surface of polished vitrinite.
Anthracite Geology Domain
Bituminous
Lignite
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.12.1 Coal Macerals
Maria Mastalerz, 2011
Vitrinites
Groundmass Vitrinite
Vitrinites coal macerals are composed of partially "gelled" wood, bark, and roots, and contain less hydrogen than liptinites
Gelified Vitrinite
Fragment of woody tissue
Liptinites Sporinite
Liptinites coal macerals are derived from spores, pollens, cuticles, and resins in the original plant material. These plant parts are more hydrogen-rich than other macerals.
Spores Leaf cuticle Resineous Ruiz,2012
Resineous oxidated
Fungal attacks Carbonized from fire processes
Dehydrated plant tissue Geology Domain
https://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/coal-macerals.php
Inertinites Inertinites coal macerals are mainly oxidation products of other macerals and are consequently richer in carbon than liptinites or vitrinites, because much of the oxygen in the original plant parts or residues has been consumed by oxidation.
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.12.2 Coal Lithotype CLT-1
CLT-2.1 CLT-2.2
CLT-3
Mastalerz, 2011 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/art icle/a bs/pii/ S0166516217 301726
CLT-4 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/microlithotypes
Note CLT : Coal Lithotype Geology Domain
Maria Mastalerz, 2011 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444528582000 037
Romeo M. Flores,2014
Lithotype in coal is a concept that distinguishes various bands in coal originally designed for “macroscopic” identification (Stach et al. 1982)
Cardott,2017
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.13 Coal Quality Lab & Theirs Parameters • Moisture is the terminology used in describing the moisture content of coals can be confusing and needs to be clarified. There are some moisture sort are
Surface, As received, Total and Air Dried Moisture. • The ash of a coal is that inorganic residue that remains after combustion.
• Volatile matter represents that component of the coal, except for moisture, that is liberated at high temperature in the absence of air. • The fixed carbon content of coal is that carbon found in the residue remaining after the volatile matter has been liberated. • Sulfur (H2S) Organic sulfur, present in the organic compounds of
the coal. Pyritic sulfur, present as sulfide minerals in the coal, principally iron pyrite. Sulfate minerals, usually hydrous iron or calcium sulfates, produced by oxidation of the sulfide fraction of the coal. • The density of a coal will depend on its rank and mineral matter content. • Hardness and Grindability it means coals are required to be crushed to a fine powder (pulverized) before being fed into a boiler. • The calorific value (CV) of a coal is the amount of heat per unit mass of
coal when combusted. Geology Domain
https://raregeologybooks.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/coal-geology.pdf
• • • • •
As Received (AR) : Full Moisture Air Dried (AD) : Only inherent moisture/without surface moisture Dried basis (DB) : Without Moisture. Dried Ash free (DAF) : Only VM & FC (Without Ash, and Mositure) Dried Mineral Matter free (DMMF) : Without Ash, Moisture and VM/mineral.
Coal quality in essence means those chemical and physical properties of a coal that influence its potential use (Thomas,2013).
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.14 Drilling, Sampling & Logging
Geology Domain
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.15 Drilling, Sampling & Logging Courtesy : Mintec
Geotechnical Sample
Wrapping plastic the core sample
Wrapping plastic the core sample
Measuring the Core
Covering with Alluminium foil https://ausimm.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/CoalLog_v2.0_Training_Manual.pdf
Re-Covering and Wrapping the core sample using PVC pipe & tape https://ausimm.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/CoalLog_v2.0_Training_Manual.pdf
Geology Domain
Core Documentation
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.16 Drilling, Sampling & Logging Information
https://ausimm.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/CoalLog_v2.0_Training_Manual.pdf
Standard ; GR, Caliper, Density & Sonic.
https://ausimm.com/coal-log/
“GCD logs” To identify different lithologies, fit top-bottom seam and other lithologies, Enable to correlation.
Additional Request ; Resistivity, Magnetic susceptibility, Dip Meter. Specific Purpose; Porosity, Nuclear Magnetic, VSP.
“Sonic log” To identify rock strength with exponential formulae. “Neutron” to identify porosity study and groundwater presenced.
“Resistivity” Lithology identification, heat affected material (Instrusion), fluid content and weathering “Optical/Acoustic Scanner & Dip Meter” To accurately identify structural geology feature.
https://ausimm.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/CoalLog_v2.0_Training_Manual.pdf
Geophysical Log Interpretation
Geology Domain
https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c891/figures/figure31.htm
Exploration Mapping & Techniques 1.16 Drilling, Sampling & Logging
Standard ; GR, Caliper, Density & Sonic.
Additional Request ; Resistivity, Magnetic susceptibility, Dip Meter. Specific Purpose; Porosity, Nuclear Magnetic, VSP.
Well Correlation of Geophysical logs
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264817211002613
Higgs, 2012 Geology Domain
#Coal Seams Modelling Let’s Talk About
Coal Seams Modelling 1.17 Coal Seams Correlation Surface Topography
http://epbcnotices.environment.gov.au/_entit y/annotat ion/b4c706e9-2194-e611-a bed-0050 56ba00 a7/a7 1d58ad-4cba48b6-8dab-f3091fc31cd5?t=1476921600341
Boreholes Exploration
Aminossadati,2011 Through geological concepts the Geologist must define and correlate the seams inside of boreholes. These boreholes correlation must fit between drillcore data versus Geophysical Logging.
Geology Domain
Coal Seams Modelling 1.18 Built up Stratigraphy Models - Schema
f Interpolator
Model tab
Model Options
Modelling Controls : Topography, Model option, Parting
Code
Interpolator (Planar, Height, FEM, Inverse)
Conformable : Top & Bottom Limitation Survey : Dip seam Controlled
Father
Son
Geology Domain
Compound : (Father) & Element (Son)
Coal Seams Modelling 1.19 Inputting Boreholes & Quality Data Coordinate (E,N,Z)
Survey data Holename ASR-09C ASR-24C R7449C ASR-13C ASR-15C ASR-18C ASR-11C ASR-09C ASR-24C R7449C ASR-13C ASR-15C ASR-18C ASR-11C
Easting 314916.798 314916.819 314916.84 314916.861 314916.882 314916.903 314916.924 314916.945 314916.966 314916.987 314917.008 314917.029 314917.05 314917.071
Northing 9590792.324 9590793.524 9590794.724 9590795.924 9590797.124 9590798.324 9590799.524 9590800.724 9590801.924 9590803.124 9590804.324 9590805.524 9590806.724 9590807.924
Elevation 23.819 27.587 36.632 26.136 24.996 40.985 24.259 23.819 27.587 36.632 26.136 24.996 40.985 24.259
Depth 109.1 44.78 85 124 138 140 116 109.1 44.78 85 124 138 140 116
Boreholes Distribution
TOPOGRAPHY
Lithology data Holename From TO Thick Seam ASR-09C 20.819 20.819 3 BHWE ASR-09C 11.579 10.819 0.76 SER5 ASR-09C -20.341 -21.131 0.79 SER3 ASR-09C -25.041 -25.421 0.38 SER2 ASR-09C -39.801 -40.221 0.42 SER1 ASR-09C -63.621 -64.481 0.86 SEU2 ASR-09C -66.681 -67.681 1 SEM1 ASR-09C -69.261 -71.201 1.94 SEM2 ASR-09C -73.661 -75.531 1.87 SEL1 ASR-09C -75.531 -79.261 3.73 SEL23 ASR-09C -81.201 -81.821 0.62 SEB1 ASR-24C 24.587 24.587 3 BHWE ASR-24C 11.067 10.767 0.3 SEU2U ASR-24C 9.267 8.787 0.48 SEU2L ASR-24C 6.227 5.307 0.92 SEM1 ASR-24C 3.787 3.087 0.7 SEM2 ASR-24C -1.633 -4.533 2.9 SEL1 ASR-24C -4.653 -7.613 2.96 SEL23 ASR-24C -10.113 -10.853 0.74 SEB1 R7449C 33.632 33.632 3 BHWE
Code CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO
From Thickness To
CO CO CO CO CO CO CO
Depth
http://sipil-smd.blogsp ot.com/2015/01/m inecom-m ine scape-se baga i- softw are.ht ml
There area two fixed format that have been using to input boreholes data into mining Geology Domain
software namely survey and Litho format.
Coal Seams Modelling 1.20 Graphical Outputs There are few features related Output graphics that produced by Mining Software. https://www.researchgate.net/post/What- step s-a re-needed-to-ma ke-a-c oal-crop- line-map
Cross Section Floor Contour
Line Subcrop
The wall of house https://www.mintecabadi.com/ind/services/50.html
Geology Domain
Subcrop
Coal Seams Modelling 1.21 Graphical Outputs – Quality Model
Geology Domain
#Coal Resources Estimation Let’s Talk About
Coal Resources Estimation 1.22 KCMI 2017 - Guidance
The data more frequent More Certainty both technical and Non Technical factors
http://www.crirsco.com/docs/KCMI_Code_2017_Indon esia.pdf
PASAL 28 - Cadangan Mineral adalah bagian dari Sumberdaya Mineral Terukur dan/atau Tertunjuk yang dapat ditambang secara ekonomis. PASAL 19 - Sumberdaya Mineral adalah suatu konsentrasi atau keterjadian dari material yang memiliki nilai ekonomi pada atau di atas kerak bumi, dengan bentuk, kualitas dan kuantitas tertentu yang memiliki keprospekan yang beralasan untuk pada akhirnya dapat diekstraksi secara ekonomi.
Geology Domain
Coal Resources Estimation 1.23 Resources Categorization (MEA.IND,INF & Inventory Coal) SNI 5011 - 2019 Halaman 6
Geology Domain
Coal Resources Estimation 1.24 Point Of Observation (PoO)
Mine permit
Drilling
Sampling/Mapping
Test Pit
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/C oal -outcrops- of- ALP-and-Ban ko- Tanjungenim-c oa lfie ld-with-cleatpatterns_fig3_334108965
https://www.dandodrillingaustralia.com/drillingrigs-australia/mineral-exploration-drilling-rigs/
Legend ; https://www.cmwgeosciences.com/geot echnical-serv ice s/site- inve stigation/t rench-test-p it-sampling
•
•
Geology Domain
Point Of Observation Point of Observation (PoO) is the location where we get and do a measurement of coal such as thickness, valid coordinates, description and sampling. It has absolute requirement that the data point must reliable as SNI 5011-2019 coal exploration. Both Geodetic and Geophysical logging must be provided. Point of Observation (PoO) are be able in formed such as drilling, sampling, mapping, channel sampling, test pit etc.
Coal Resources Estimation 1.25 Resources Methodologies (Circle or Cross Section) Circle Resources concept Measured (250 m)
Q
Q
Q
250 M
Subcrop Subcrop
Bottom limit : The lowest seams which intersected boreholes.
250 M
Legend ;
https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c891/figures/figure21.htm
: Point Of Observation (VT & Quality sample data) : Point Of Observation (Vertical Thickness)
Legend ; Inferred Resources (1500 meter) Indicated Resources (500 meter)
Geology Domain
Measured Resources (250 meter)
Coal Resources Estimation 1.26 Resources Methodologies (Circle or Cross Section)
5 1
1
2 1
1 1
Study case ; The grade calculation is 5 (Five) it means that our mining project has prospencity toward simple Geological condition.
1 1
Legend; : Point Of Observation : Measured - Polygon
: Indicated - Polygon : Inferred - Polygon
Geology Domain
Coal Resources Estimation 1.27 Resources Methodologies (Circle or Cross Section)
Pit Shell
A’
A A
A’ Resource Categorisation ;
Source ; Sumarna,2019 Geology Domain
Measured
KCMI Pasal 22
Indicated
KCMI Pasal 21
Inferred
KCMI Pasal 20
Coal Resources Estimation 1.28 Coal Tonnages (Clear Basis)
The rules of managing coal resources basis and theirs classification had clearly informed in KCMI 2017.
Geology Domain
#Coal Reserves – Mining Operational Let’s Talk About
Coal Resources Estimation 1.29 Reserve Categorization (Proven & Probable) KCMI 2017 Halaman 42
Geology Domain
Coal Resources Estimation 1.30 Reserve Financial Calculation
Other Cost
Geology Domain
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.31 Feasibility Study Technical Reviewing https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Ge olog ical-c ross-section-in-Ta mnavaWest-213-Ultim ate-pit -design-L ong-term-production_fig3_ 279 221665
Acid Mine Drainage
Mine Design https://www.amazon.com/How-conduct-mine-feasibility-study/dp/B008046MT6
Enviromental issues
https://www.mining.com/green-social-and-sustainability-bonds-to-reach-400-billion-in-2020/
Geology Domain
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Schematic-illustration-of-an-open-pit-mine-Source_fig1_257516250
Infrastructure
Mine Processing
Feasibility Study is comprehensively study regarding technical and economical from a development optional which have been selected.
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.32 Land Compensation North Pit Active Mining Consession
Plan Pit
Illustration
Existing Pit
SL3
SL0 SL1 SL2
Land (oustanding)
Boundary revised
Land (Ready for Use)
Land compensation is one of the most important thing to convert the coal resources to be reserves status.
Outpit Dump 500 Meter
Geology Domain
Plan of development Area (Pit Design Boundary)
Pit Active
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.33 Reserve graphics, Mine Plan Design https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9i-XUEPmbZQ
http://miningforce.blogspot.com/2017/07/tutorial-minescape-scheduling.html
Pitshell deliniation
f
• • • Sumarna,2019 Geology Domain
Reserve Graphics is a feature which represent of quantity both Overburden and coal tonnage inside at particular blok area. The Pit shell boundary is determined by company budget (SR verge). The financial budget of mining cost in coal mining companny it has been controlling by the price of theirs coal commodity. So the stripping ratio coulb be changed fluctuatively.
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.34 Settling Pond – Enviromental Issue Pit Area
http://dunia-atas.blogspot.com/2018/05/sistem-pengeringan-mine-dewatering.html
At least there are 3 compartments.
Settlement
Sump Water
f
Compartment 1 : For suspending of material sedimentary particles. Compartment 2 : Transfer compartment Compartment 3: Monitoring and Treatment before to be released to river
Transfer Pipes
River
1
2
Settling Pond Compartment
3 Pipe Transfer http://www.mm-energi.com/Operasi/Penambangan.html
Geology Domain
The quality parameters of chemical water retention that will released to river must accordance with enviromental standarisation rules.
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.35 Project Commenced & Mining Operational Haul Road
Mine Facilities
https://www.abc.net.au/news/image/9435116-3x27 00x467.jpg
Crushing & Conveying
https://stevensonresources.co.nz/p rojects/infrastructure/solid-energyrotowaro-coal-mine/
https://stevensonresource s.co.nz/projects/infrastruc ture/solid-energyrotowaro-coal-mine/
Maintenance/Workshop
https://bosfa.com/casestudy/dramix-mining-slabsstanding-up-to-the-test/
https://vietnamnews.vn/ec onomy/571251/viet-namincreases-coal-ore-andmineral-imports-fromaustralia.html
https://www.hydac.com. au/news/post/bulk-oilcleanliness-at-newlandscoal-mine.html
https://vymaps.com/ID/Muara-Tuhup-90887/ http://www.samtan.co.kr/eng/business/business01.php
Camp
https://www.bayan.com.sg/wahana-jetty
Geology Domain
Coal Barge
https://vymaps.com/ID/Muara-Tuhup-90887/
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.36 Geologist Job in Mining Operational Geological work flow from Exploration to Production Development & Exploration Department Identification & Description Lithology (Colour, Mineral Composed, Sorting, depth & thickness) G’physical Logging & Survey data (Pick up Collar) Geomodeling and releasing to site and Long term mine planing
Long term Mineplan Join Sign Off (In case) Mine Scheduling Blok Ranking/resgraph Infrastructure, hauling road Pit & Disposal (Long term)
Site Pit Geologist Update status Reserve (pit Progress reconciliation) Monthly basis Quarterly Update Model (Quality & Geometry) Geotechnical Analysis Reserve Conservation Pit mapping & sampling Operational Guidance (Sales)
Short term Mineplan (Site) & Mineplan Contractor Mine Scheduling Blok Ranking/resgraph Infrastructure, hauling road Pit & Disposal Original & Remaining reserve (monthly basis)
Geology Domain
Information Coordination lines
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.37 Survey Data https://www.miningphoto.com/details/936/cl ose_up_of_mine_surveyor_in_full_ppe_w ith _gear_on_open_cut_coal_mine_floor_w ith
Data Acquisition
High wall
Coal Seam Exposed & Mined Survey Data : X,Y,Z
Exposed Line
Seam’s Dip Direction
Surface Section (lines)
https://www.mtpr.org/post/ report- raise s-concern s- ove r-who-pay s-c oal- min ing-cleanup
Survey data (points) at Mining Software
Trihatmanto,2017 Geology Domain
https://docplayer.info/54349521-Modul-tutorial-cara-membuatkontur-dengan-software-mincom-minescape.html
https://www.google.com/url?sa =i&url=https% 3A% 2F% 2Freposit ory.ugm.ac. id%2F 27410 5%2F 1%2FOHT04.pdf&psig=AOvVaw216_xwgEVuSX0 bw Yq_ 8m io&ust =16 1050 3412769000&source= im ages&cd=vfe&ved= 2ahUKEwjmjfLvppXuAhXJcSsKHYjYBCIQjhx6BAg AEBI
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational 1.38 Updated and Reconciliation of the Geological Model Mining progress 2014
Topo Original
Mining progress 2010
ATR 206
ATR 213
ATR 221
Mining progress 2018
SL1
Legend Coal Seam Model Projection (Inside Pit) Actual Coal seam beds (Survey Data) PoO during mining ops (Pit Geologist)
SL2
Progress of Mining Topo (Surveyor)
Exploration Drilling (Exploration Team)
Geology Domain
SL3
Legend
Coal Reserves – Mining Operational
Coal Seam Model Projection (Inside Pit) Actual Coal seam beds (Survey Data)
PoO during mining ops (Pit Geologist)
1.39 Updated and Reconciliation of the Geological Model
Progress of Mining Topo (Surveyor) Exploration Drilling (Exploration Team)
Topo Original
ATR 213
ATR 221
ATR 206
B
A
SL1
C SL2 (A) (B) (C)
Reserve Tonnage in the beginning is 10 Mton Coal Mined Progress based on Model is 6 Mton Remaining Coal based on model is 4 Mton
A = B+C Geology Domain
SL3 Coal Mined Progress based on Survey is 6,2 Mton The Different of coal reserve is 200 Kton. What should we do???
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Geology Domain
Understanding about Geological concept related mineral deposited, taking an exploration dataset properly and also data interpretation are so fundamental for a Geologist to build up a valid geological model. All of the Geological data must be calibrated with Geodetic tools. Resource and Reserve are influenced by a a lot of parameter such as geological condition, price commodity and modifying factors that has mention earlier. The Geologist must take responsibility regarding reserves status reconciliation (Pit Progress Reconciliation).
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