11 0 7 MB
TEORI DASAR
ANALISA VIBRASI
Oleh : DARYANTO Predictive Maintenance – CRM PT KRAKATAU STEEL - CILEGON
TUJUAN MONITORING GETARAN 1. Menentukan kondisi mekanis mesin. 2. Merencanakan jadwal pemeliharaan. 3. Memeriksa hasil repair/overhaul.
4. Menghentikan mesin untuk mencegah gangguan serius. 5. Lokalisasi gangguan. 6. Pengesahan aspek keselamatan.
What Is Vibration Caused By ? Imperfections in the Machine: Design
Assembly
Manufacture
Operation
Installation
Maintenance
What Are Some Common Machine Problems? That Generate Mechanical Vibration: ● Misalignment ● Unbalance ● Worn belts & pulleys ● Bearing Defects ● Hydraulic Forces ● Aerodynamic Forces ● Reaction Forces ● Reciprocating Forces ● Bent Shafts ● Rubbing ● Gear Problems ● Housing Distortion ● Certain Electrical Problems ● Frictional Forces What Are Some Common Machine Problems That Amplify Mechanical Vibration (But Don't Cause It):
• •
Resonance Looseness
The Raw Signal
The Actual Signals Used To Generate
The Resulting FFT
1x rpm w/ amplitude of 1.8 (pk-pk), '+' peak on y-axis 2x rpm w/ amplitude of 0.45 (pk-pk) 3x rpm w/ amplitude of 0.05 (pk-pk), '-' peak on y-axis
FFT Analysis
What Vibration "Characteristics" Do We Measure ? AMPLITUDE – How Much movement Occurs
FREQUENCY – How Often The Movement Occurs How many “cycle” in a period of time: a second or a minute
PHASE - In What Direction Is The Movement Relative To Other Locations On The Machine At A Given Moment In Time
AMPLITUDO v rms [inch/ s] 0,80
a rms [g] 0,80
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
0,78
0,78
0,76
0,76
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
0,74
0,74 0,72
0,72
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,43 inch/ s
0,70 0,68
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,342 g
0,70 0,68
0,66
0,66
0,64
0,64
0,62
0,62
0,60
0,60
0,58
0,58
0,56
0,56
0,54
0,54
0,52
0,52
English or Metric - G's (1 g = force of gravity)
0,50
0,50
0,48
0,48 0,46
0,46
(2955,00 / 0,43)
0,44
0,44
M
0,42
0,42
0,40
0,40
0,38
0,38
0,36
0,36
0,34
0,34
0,32
0,32
English or "Imperial": Inches per Second (ips -or- in/sec)
0,30 0,28
(2955,00 / 0,342) M
0,30 0,28 0,26
0,26 0,24
0,24
Metric: Millimeters per Second (mm/sec)
0,22 0,20
0,22 0,20 0,18
0,18 0,16
0,16
Conversion::1 ips = 25.4 mm/sec
0,14 0,12
0,14 0,12 0,10
0,10
0,08
0,08
0,06
0,06
0,04
0,04
0,02
0,02
0,00
0,00 0
s rms [mils] 1,60
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000 24000 f [cpm]
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
1,55 1,50 1,45
(2955,00 / 1,378)
1,40
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 1,378 mils
M
1,35 1,30 1,25 1,20 1,15 1,10 1,05 1,00 0,95 0,90 0,85 0,80 0,75 0,70 0,65 0,60
English or 'Imperial' Units: Mils (1 mil = 0.001")
0,55 0,50 0,45
Metric Units::Microns (1 um = 0.001 mm)
0,40 0,35 0,30
Conversion::1 Mil = 25.4 um
0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 0,00 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000 24000 f [cpm]
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000 24000 f [cpm]
Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
English Units:
Metric Units:
Displacement = mils Velocity = in/sec Acceleration = g's Frequency = cycles/min
Displacement = um Velocity = mm/sec Acceleration = g's Frequency = cycles/min
Displacement = (19,231 x V) / F
Displacement = (19,231 x V) / F
Velocity = 0.000052 x D x F
Velocity = 0.000052 x D x F
Acceleration = 0.00027 x V x F
Acceleration = 0.0000107 x V x F
Vibration Amplitude Measurement The following definitions apply to the measurement of mechanical vibration amplitude.
Average = 0.637 Peak Amp.
Root Mean Square Amplitude (RMS) is the square root of the average of the squared values of the waveform. In the case of the sine wave, the RMS value is 0.707 times the peak value
FREQUENCY v rms [inch/ s] 0,50
v rms [inch/ s] 0,50
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
0,48
0,48
0,46
0,46 (2955,00 / 0,43)
0,44
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,43 inch/ s
M 0,42
(1,00 / 0,43)
0,44
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 1,00 - (2955,00 cpm) M(y) : 0,43 inch/ s
M 0,42
0,40
0,40
0,38
0,38
0,36
0,36
0,34
0,34
0,32
0,32
0,30
0,30
0,28
0,28
0,26
0,26
0,24
0,24
0,22
0,22
0,20
0,20
0,18
0,18
0,16
0,16
0,14
0,14
0,12
0,12
0,10
0,10
0,08
0,08
0,06
0,06
0,04
0,04 0,02
0,02
0,00
0,00 0
v rms [inch/ s] 0,50
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000 24000 f [cpm]
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
2,6
2,8
3,0
3,2
3,4
3,6
3,8
4,0
4,2
4,4
4,6
4,8
5,0
5,2
5,4
5,6
5,8
6,0
6,2
6,4
6,6
6,8
7,0
7,2
7,4
7,6
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BH4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 22/ 11/ 2011 9:10:07
0,48 0,46 (49,25 / 0,43)
0,44
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 49,25 Hz (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,43 inch/ s
M 0,42 0,40 0,38 0,36
Frequency Unit Cycles / Second (Hertz) Hertz x 60 = Cycles / Minute (CPM) Order
0,34 0,32 0,30 0,28 0,26 0,24 0,22 0,20 0,18 0,16 0,14 0,12 0,10 0,08 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
f [Hz]
400
7,8 8,0 Orders [-]
Recommended Frequency Ranges for Different Amplitude Units
Displacement Units: < 600 cpm (< 10 Hz) Velocity Units: 300 - 120,000 cpm (5 - 2,000 Hz) Acceleration Units: > 60,000 cpm (> 1,000 Hz)
Spectrum Resolution =
Max Frequency (Fmax) # of Lines of Resolution
Lines of Resolution : 200, 400, 800,1600, 3200, 6400, 12800
Fmax = # Lines / Time Sample Fmax [Hertz] = 800 / 0.1 seconds = 8000 Hz Fmax [CPM] = 8,000 Hz x 60 = 480,000 cpm
Contoh Perhitungan Frekuensi
Compressor Schematic Motor Speed = 3580 rpm
Frequency Name
Calculation
Frequency
4-Lobe Rotor Speed
3580 x 48T/36T
4773 rpm
4-Lobe Pass Frequency
4773 x 4
19092 cpm
6-Lobe Rotor Speed
4773 x 4T/6T
3182 rpm
6-Lobe Pass Frequency
3182 x 6
19092 cpm
Bull Gear Mesh Freq:
3580 rpm x 48T
171,840 cpm
Pinion GMF
4773 x 36T
171840 cpm
2x GMF
2 x GMF
343,680 cpm
3x GMF
515,520 cpm
Standar ISO 2372
Standar ISO 10816-3
Standar ISO 10816-3
VIBRATION TRANSDUCERS The Proximity Probe
The Velocity Probe
Velocity Transducer
The Accelerometer
Piezo-Electric Accelerometer
Accelerometer Tranduser
Prinsip Kerja Gambar diagram sederhana dari tipe accelerometer dengan sebuah penguat didalamnya. Apabila tranduser ini ditempelkan pada bagian mesin yang bergetar, maka getaran mekanis tersebut diteruskan melalui Case insulator ke bahan piezoeletric, sehingga bahan tersebut mengalami tekanan sebanding dengan getarannya Bahan piezoelectric tersebut mempunyai kemampuan untuk menimbulkan muatan listrik sebagai respon terhadap gaya mekanis yang bekerja terhadapnya. Getaran mekanis yang menghasilkan gaya akan mengenai bahan piezoeletric dan bahan tersebut akan menimbulkan muatan listrik yang seband¬ing dengan besarnya percepatan dari getaran tersebut. Muatan listrik yang ditimbulkan oleh bahan piezoelectric tersebut sangat kecil jika dibandingkan dengan output velocity tranduser. Karena muatan listrik yang ditimbulkan langsung oleh bahan piezoelectric begitu kecil, maka di dalam tranduser ini dibuat rangkaian penguat electronik untuk memperkuat muatan listrik yang dihasilkan oleh bahan piezoelectric, tersebut. Besarnya muatan yang dihasilkan langsung oleh bahan piezoelectric biasanya dalam picocoulombs per g. Sedangkan besarnya sinyal yang dihasilkan setelah melalui penguat, mempunyai sensitivitas 50 mv per g
PENGAMBILAN DATA VIBRASI
RUANG LINGKUP PENGUKURAN VIBRASI 1. Kelompok penggerak mula (prime mover) – mesin-mesin yang mampu mengolah daya sendiri. Contohnya: Elektric Motor, Steamturbin, Gasturbin, Hydraulic & Pneumatic Motor dll. 2. Kelompok sistem transmisi – peralatan untuk memindahkan daya. Contohnya : Gearbox, Coupling, V-Belts dll. 3. Kelompok mesin bukan penggerak mula – peralatan produksi yang harus digerakkan oleh penggerak mula. Contohnya : Compressor, Centrifugal Pump, Hydraulic Pump, Fans, Reciprocating Pump, Cooling Tower Fans, Rolling Machines dll.
Persiapan untuk pengukuran vibrasi
MACHINE DATA SHEET 1. Plant Name
2. Train Name 3. Machine Name 4. Machine Description
5. Machine Sketch 6. Position 7. Direction
8. Measurement Units 9. Point Identification 10. Coupling Type
11. RPM 12. Number of Gear Teeth 13. Bearings (Type, manufacture, Number of balls/Series Number)
MENENTUKAN ARAH PENGUKURAN
Horizontal machines
Vertical machines
ANALISA DATA VIBRASI
Following is an example of forcing frequency calculation for a gear-driven machine:
Let us assume that the motor/gear/fan components have the following element counts: Elements of Component
Number of Elements
Motor Cooling Fan
Fan Blades
11
Motor Rotor
Rotor Bars
42
Drive Pinion
Gear Teeth
36
Driven Gear
Gear Teeth
100
Fan
Fan Blades
9
Machine Component
Let us assume that the motor is again running at 1780 RPM. Divide the drive pinion tooth count by the driven gear tooth count:
or
Next, multiply this ratio by the motor shaft RPM to find the fan shaft RPM;
We would now say that the fundamental frequency of the motor is 1780 CPM and the fundamental frequency of the fan is 640.8 CPM. Motor Shaft Rotation
Elements
Forcing Frequency, CPM
Fan Shaft
1
1,780
Motor Cooling Fan
11
19,580
Driven Gear
Motor Rotor
42
74,760
Fan
Drive Pinion
36
64,080
Rotation
Elements
Forcing Frequency CPM
1
640.8
100
64,080
9
5,767.2
Formulas for Calculating Belt Frequencies: You can calculate belt RPM with the following: 3.14 x PS1 x PD1/BL = Belt RPM - or 3.14 x PS2 x PD2/BL = Belt RPM Belt Length = 1.57 x (PD1 + PD2) + 2(SD) PS = Pulley rpm (PS1 = Driver Pulley Speed, PS2 = Driven Pulley Speed) PD = Pulley diameter (PD1 = Driver Pulley Dia., PD2 = Driven Pulley Dia) SD = Distance between shaft centers BL = Belt Length
Spectrum Interpretation (Troubleshooting chart) The following pages are designed to provide typical examples of the vibration spectrums that will result from different problems a machine might experience. They are probability based and field testing should always be performed regardless of how "sure" you are of the diagnosis. Remember: EVERY diagnosis made from an FFT interpretation can be characterized as:
An ASSUMPTION based on an ESTIMATE
Unbalance
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Unbalance
Single Plane Unbalance
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Unbalance
Two-Plane Unbalance
Typical Axial FFT Generated By Unbalance
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Unbalance
Overhung Rotor Unbalance
MISALIGNMENT
Misalignment
Typical FFT Generated By Angular Misalignment Definition: Shaft Centerlines Intersect But Are Not Parallel
Typical FFT Generated By Offset Misalignment Definition: Shaft Centerlines Are Parallel But Do Not Intersect
Angular Misalignment
Offset Misalignment
Belt-Drive Problems Pulley Misalignment
FFT Typical Of Pulley Misalignment This Condition Often Results In High Axial Vibration At Both Components 1x RPM.
Belt/Pulley Wear, Improper Tension & Belt Resonance
Typical FFT Showing Belt/Pulley Wear Problems
Pulley Eccentricity / Bent Shaft (Near Pulley)
Typical FFT Showing Pulley Eccentricity / Bent Shaft Near Pulley
Eccentricity Causes High Vibration At 1x RPM Of The Problem Component. Bent Shaft Near Pulley Causes Same Symptom
Bent Shaft @ Bearing
Typical FFT Generated By Shaft Bent Through The Bearing
Mechanical Looseness
- Bearing / Shaft (Bearing Looseness) - Bearing / Housing (Bearing Looseness) - Internal bearing clearances (Bearing Looseness) - Adjacent, fastened surfaces (Structural) - Areas of the base (Structural)
Housing Distortion (Soft Foot, Pipe Stress, etc.)
Typical Axial FFT Generated By Housing Distortion
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Housing Distortion
Soft Foot Or Other Housing Distortion Such As Pipe Stress Can Cause Bearings Within A Component To Misalign And Can Throw Off Normal Clearances
Structural Looseness
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Mechanical (Structural) Looseness
Looseness Allows Movement In The Direction Of The Looseness
Bearing Looseness
Typical Radial FFT Generated By Bearing Looseness
Bearing Looseness
Rolling Element Bearings Earlier Failure Stage Symptoms
Typical Enveloping Plot Showing Impacts At Bearing Defect Frequency
Typical Velocity FFT Showing Early Stage Bearing Defect
Defect Causes Impacts At A Frequency Equal To The Component Multiplier x RPM
Two Frequencies Are Produced. The Frequency Of The Bearing Assembly Resonance Affects The FFT Plot While The Frequency Of The Impacts Affects The Enveloping Plot
Rolling Element Bearings Later Failure Stage Symptoms
Typical Enveloping Plot Showing Impacts At Bearing Defect Frequency. Amplitudes May Actually Decrease As Bearings Continue To Worsen
Typical Velocity FFT Showing Early Stage Bearing Defect. Amplitudes Can Be Very Low In Early Stages. It Should Be Noted That The Acceleration Spectrum Will Show The High Frequency Peaks Far More Clearly Than The Velocity Spectrum
Hydraulic Problems: Recirculation & Flow Related Problems
Typical Spectrum Showing High Vane Pass Frequency ("VPF" = # of Vanes x RPM). Symptoms normally in the radial directions but may also be seen axially
Cavitation
Typical Spectrum Showing Cavitation (Random, Very Broad Haystack-Like Appearance). Symptoms normally in the radial directions but may also be seen axially. Cavitation - occurs when there is insufficient flow into or pressure out of a pump. This causes the fluid entering to literally be torn apart. Vacuum pockets are created and then implode. This occurs in a random, unpredictable manner and can be extremely destructive to the impeller and internal pump components
Flow Turbulence
Typical FFT Showing Flow Turbulence. Occurs In Compressors And High Pressure Blowers When Surging Or Load Variations Occur That The Machine Is Affected By. Often, A Reservoir Or Surge Suppressor Can Be Used To Eliminate This Feedback
AC Induction Motor Problems:
Elliptical Stator, Stator Weakness & Winding Shorts
Typical Spectrum Showing Indications Of Variation In Air Gap, Winding Shorts, Stator Weakness
Motor Construction
Winding Construction
Elliptical Rotor FLine = Electrical line frequency - 60 Hz(3600 cpm) or 50 Hz(3000 cpm) 2 x FLine = Torque Pulse Frequency P = # of poles on the motor FSynch = Synchronous electrical speed = 2 x FLine / P Fslip = Slip frequency = FSynch - rotor RPM (actual speed) FPole = Pole pass frequency = P x FSlip WSPF = # Winding Slots x RPM RBPF = # Rotor Bars x RPM
Typical Spectrum Showing Indications Of Eccentric Rotor. Similar To Eccentric Stator. Some Cases May Exhibit The Sidebands Seen Here; Others May Propagate Strictly At 2x Line Frequency
Phasing Problems
Loose Rotor Bars
One Possible Spectrum Caused By A Problem With A Short In One Of The Phases Or Feeder Cables
Spectrum Showing Pattern Of Peaks Separated By 2xLine Frequency (Sidebands) In High Frequency Range (30-90xRPM)
Winding Slot Pass Frequency or WSPF = # windings slot x RPM
Another Possible Spectrum Caused By A Problem With A Short In One Of The Phases Or Feeder Cables
Loose in Winding Slots, Iron, End Turns And/Or Connections
Velocity FFT Showing Pattern Of Peaks Separated By 2xLine Frequency (Sidebands) In High Frequency Range (30-90xRPM)
Envelope Plot Showing 2xLine Peak And Harmonics. This Indicates Impacts Occurring At 2xLine Frequency RBPF = rotor bar pass frequency = #Rotor Bar x RPM
DC Drives Problem
DC Drives Problem
"Normal" FFT Taken On DC Drive
Full-Wave Rectified Velocity Spectrum w/ Drive Problems FSCR : Freq. Silicon Controlled Rectifier
Half-Wave Rectified Velocity Spectrum w/ Drive Problems
Spectrum on DC Motor w/ Speed Fluctuations
Gear Problems:
PROGRAM PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE 1. Data Collection •
Pemantauan getaran terjadwal (mingguan, bulanan, online)
2. Analysis (diperlukan Software) •
Domain frekuensi (harus tahu anatomi mesin)
•
Domain waktu
•
Frek. eksitasi getaran, database bantalan, gearbox dll
3. Diagnosis •
Prakiraan sumber masalah
•
Dibantu oleh Software
•
Human Interface (Tergantung pengalaman)
4. Langkah Perbaikan
ANALISA DATA VIBRASI 1. Trends Data v [inch/ s] 1,00
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BA4\ 101 Ov erall v eloc ity >600
0,95
0,90
0,85 RPM : 0 M(x) : 01/ 06/ 2011 19:06:29 M(y) : 0,51 inch/ s
0,80 0,75
0,70
0,65
0,60
0,55
(01/ 06/ 2011 19:06:29 / 0,51) M
0,50
0,45
0,40
0,35
0,30
0,25 0,20
0,15
0,10
0,05
0,00 20/ 07/ 2009
07/ 09/ 2009
26/ 10/ 2009
14/ 12/ 2009
01/ 02/ 2010
22/ 03/ 2010
10/ 05/ 2010
28/ 06/ 2010
16/ 08/ 2010
04/ 10/ 2010
22/ 11/ 2010
10/ 01/ 2011
28/ 02/ 2011
18/ 04/ 2011
date
2. Waterfall Trends Data v rms [inch/ s]
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BA4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 01/ 06/ 2011 19:06:44
(2955,00 / 0,38) M
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,38 inch/ s
0,44 0,42 0,40 0,38 0,36 0,34 0,32 0,30 0,28 0,26 0,24 0,22 0,20
01/ 06/ 2011
0,18 03/ 11/ 2010
0,16 0,14
19/ 09/ 2010
0,12
24/ 08/ 2010
0,10 17/ 07/ 2010
0,08 0,06
02/ 06/ 2010
0,04 04/ 05/ 2010
0,02
16/ 04/ 2010
0,00 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000 20000 21000 22000 23000 24000
f [cpm]
3. Single Spectrum v rms [inch/ s]
Fan/ blower No.21 - ARP\ Fan/ blower # 21\ BA4\ 103 Mac h. spec tr. >600 01/ 06/ 2011 19:06:44
0,44 0,42 0,40
(2955,00 / 0,38) M
0,38
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2955,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,38 inch/ s D(x) : 20685,00 cpm (7,00 Orders) D(y) : 0,01 inch/ s
0,36 0,34 0,32 0,30 0,28 0,26 0,24 0,22 0,20 0,18 0,16
(8865,00 / 0,14) 3
0,14 0,12 0,10 0,08
(5910,00 / 0,06) 2
0,06
(11820,00 / 0,04) 4
0,04
(14775,00 / 0,02) (17730,00 / 0,01)
5
0,02
(20685,00 / 0,01)
6
D
0,00 0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000 f [cpm]
4. Kondisi Bearing Enveloping Signal Processing(ESP) & High Frequency Domain(HFD)......SKF/DI Spike Energy(gSE) .............Entek/IRD Peakvue ..............................CSI Enveloping Spectrum .........Pruftechnik a rms [g] 0,90
Fan/ blow er N o. 21 - AR P\ Fan/ blow er # 21\ BH 4\ 250 Env elope Spec t rum Ac c elerat ion 29/ 11/ 2011 16: 50: 04
0,85 (2952,00 / 0,797) M
0,80
RPM : 2953 (49,22Hz) M(x) : 2952,00 cpm (1,00 Orders) M(y) : 0,797 g D(x) : 20664,00 cpm (7,00 Orders) D(y) : 0,030 g
0,75
0,70
0,65
0,60
0,55
0,50
0,45
0,40
0,35
0,30
(5904,00 / 0,264) 2
0,25
0,20
0,15 (8856,00 / 0,094) 3
0,10
(17712,00 / 0,033) (14760,00 / 0,031) (20664,00 / 0,030) (11808,00 / 0,018) 6 5 D 4
0,05
0,00 0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
32000
34000
36000 f [cpm]
5. Time Signal/Time Domain/Time Trace v [inch/ s] 0,70
Stand No.5 - E1.455\ Gear Box Std.# 5\ GV6\ 211 VXP Mac hine time signal >120 16/ 01/ 2009 10:10:05
0,65 0,60
(299,26 / 0,54) D
0,55 0,50
(207,28 / 0,45) M
0,45 0,40 0,35 0,30 0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 0,00 -0,05 -0,10 -0,15 -0,20 -0,25 -0,30 -0,35 -0,40 -0,45 -0,50 -0,55
RPM : 870 (14,50Hz) M(x) : 207,28 ms M(y) : 0,45 inch/ s D(x) : 299,26 ms D(y) : 0,54 inch/ s
-0,60 -0,65 -0,70 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480 500 t [ms]
6. Orbit Y2 [g]
Strip Dryer - J1.470\ Fan/ blower Dryer \ BV3\ 285 Orbit 17/ 06/ 2009 18:35:06 90° 0,040 0,038 0,036 0,034 0,032 0,030 0,028 0,026 0,024
(-0,04 / 0,021)
0,022
M
0,020 0,018 0,016 0,014 0,012 0,010 0,008 0,006 0,004 0,002 -0,040
-0,035
-0,030
-0,025
-0,020
-0,015
-0,010
-0,005
0,000 0,000 0,005 -0,002
0,010
0,015
0,020
0,025
0,030
0,035
0,040
-0,004 -0,006 -0,008 -0,010 -0,012 -0,014 -0,016 -0,018 -0,020 -0,022 -0,024 -0,026 -0,028 -0,030 -0,032 -0,034 -0,036 -0,038 -0,040 270° Y1 [g]
a [g channel A] 0,050
Strip Dryer - J1.470\ Fan/ blower Dryer \ BV3\ 285 Orbit 17/ 06/ 2009 18:35:06 RPM : 47897 (798,29Hz) M(x) : 90,00 ° M(y) : -0,037 g
0,045 0,040 0,035 0,030 0,025 0,020 0,015 0,010 0,005 0,000 -0,005 -0,010 -0,015 -0,020 -0,025 (90,00 / -0,037)
-0,030
M
-0,035 -0,040 -0,045 -0,050 0
10
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a [g channel B] 0,050
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[°]
RPM : 47897 (798,29Hz) M(x) : 90,00 ° M(y) : 0,021 g
0,045 0,040 0,035 0,030
(90,00 / 0,021)
0,025
M
0,020 0,015 0,010 0,005 0,000 -0,005 -0,010 -0,015 -0,020 -0,025 -0,030 -0,035 -0,040 -0,045 -0,050 0
10
20
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[°]
Pola orbit pada rotary machine yang mengalami unbalance
Pola orbit pads rotary machine yang mengalami misalignment
KESIMPULAN LOKASI / AREA MESIN POSISI &
MESIN & SPESIFIKASINYA
ARAH PENGUKURAN
A M P L I T U D O
Type Spectrum
PUTARAN POROS
TERIMA KASIH