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Tutorial TETRA network design with ICS designer
Tutorial TETRA network design with ICS designer
The following document is copyright protected and remains the exclusive property of ATDI. No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any way without prior written authorisation of ATDI © ATDI
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Content 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. ICS DESIGNER PROJECT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................... 3 2.1. Project Manager Window ................................................................................................................. 3 2.2. Setting up the Project ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.3. ICS coordinate codes ......................................................................................................................... 7 3. TETRA NETWORK CREATION ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1. Creating Station ................................................................................................................................ 7 3.1.1. Manually.............................................................................................................................................. 8 3.1.2. By coordinates................................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.3. By import from external sources....................................................................................................... 12 3.2. Specifying TETRA parameters.......................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1. Specifying parameters for a single Station ........................................................................................ 14 3.2.2. Object’s activating and de-activating ................................................................................................ 19 3.2.1. Specifying parameters for a list of Station ........................................................................................ 21 3.2.1. Duplicate stations.............................................................................................................................. 23 3.2.1. Generating callsigns .......................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.1. Saving network file ............................................................................................................................ 25 4. TETRA NETWORK ANALYSIS IN COVERAGE MODE ................................................................................25 4.1. Propagation model ......................................................................................................................... 26 4.2. Clutter options ................................................................................................................................ 26 4.3. Coverage ......................................................................................................................................... 28 4.3.1. Coverage calculation ......................................................................................................................... 28 4.3.1. Coverage analysis .............................................................................................................................. 32 4.4. Interference analysis ....................................................................................................................... 34 4.4.1. C/I mode ............................................................................................................................................ 34 4.5. Neighbors planning ......................................................................................................................... 37 4.6. Handover maps ............................................................................................................................... 43 4.7. The percentage of covered area calculation .................................................................................... 46 4.1. Displaying previously generated coverage ...................................................................................... 48 5. TETRA NETWORK ANALYSIS IN SUBSCRIBERS MODE...........................................................................49 5.1. Subscribers database creation ........................................................................................................ 49 5.1. Subscribers creation........................................................................................................................ 49 5.1. Subscriber global parenting ............................................................................................................ 54 6. TETRA AUTOMATIC PLANNING FUNCTION ...............................................................................................58 6.1. Prospective planning ....................................................................................................................... 58 6.2. Antenna parameters optimization .................................................................................................. 61 6.3. Frequency planning......................................................................................................................... 62
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1.
Introduction
The following document presents a set of guidelines for TETRA network planning using ICS designer. Document contains all the necessary descriptions considering practice with ICS designer from the beginning level focusing details on TETRA features. It supposed that user has a primary knowledge about main features of TETRA technology and radio network planning processes. To run the exercises any map data can be used. If you have a demo-version of ICS designer, please, use demo— project in the TETRA project folder.
2.
ICS Designer project description
2.1.
Project Manager Window
To create a project in ATDI tools, Project Manager menu has to be used. Usually it opens automatically after the tool starts, but if not, please go to menu Start – Project Manager. Project Manager’s window contains 3 parts as shown on the Erreur ! Source du renvoi introuvable.: -
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Project content, where user has to specify the content of the project; List of previously created projects, which contain links to all the projects that were previously created on the local computer. If project doesn’t exists anymore, on the field status it will be marked as invalid and should be deleted with “remove from list” command; On the Preview window user can see a snapshot of the project created during a former use.
Fig. 1
ICS Designer’s project contains from 11 elements, which are: map layers, parameters, network, palette and result. Project content described on the Fig. 2.
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Fig. 2
Layer *.GEO (Digital Terrain Model matrix) is a 16 bit raster layer that contains absolute terrain heights (above sea level). This layer is mandatory for each project. If there is no digital terrain map for any specific region, a blank matrix with specified Step, Coordinate System and Projection have to be used. Layer *.IMG (Image) is a 8 bit raster layer, which contains one of 256 color codes. Mapping between color codes and colors is in file *.PAL, which is coming to any *.IMG layer. New ATDI tools versions let user have access to the remote map servers (such as Bing Maps, Google Earth, and others). To use them it is necessary to use the *.BIM in the project instead of the *.IMG file. Color palette file *.PAL is not needed in that case. Layer *.SOL (Clutters) is a 8 bit raster layer, which contains clutter codes (from 0 to 19). Clutter names and associated parameters are saved in the *.PRM file. Most of other calculation parameters (Propagation Model settings, Interference calculation settings, etc.) are also saved in the *.PRM file. Layer *.BLG (Building heights) is a 8 bit raster layer, which contains building heights relative to the ground level. File *.VEC is a vector layer. Up to 10 types of vector objects can be described in this layer. File *.MAP describes collection of Images. File *.EWF is a network file, which contains all the objects (base stations, microwave links, …) and their parameters, including predicted coverage if already performed. File *.P11 is a palette for result layers (coverage, interference, and others). File *.FLD is a result matrix (coverage, best server, interference, of other one).
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Tutorial TETRA network design with ICS designer 2.2.
Setting up the Project
Start ICS Designer If Project Manager didn’t start automatically, go to menu File – Project Manager. Click Explorer (1), find folder Medium Resolution cartographic Data in TETRA project folder (2), select all the elements (Ctrl+a), drag and drop them to the Project content window of the Project Manager (3) as shown on the Fig. 3
Fig. 3
As shown on the Fig. 4: click Save project (4) and overwrite existing file TETRA Tutorial.PRO in TETRA project folder (5). Click Load (6). The project will be loaded in ICS Designer.
Fig. 4
By clicking on the Map Layers button (or go to menu Map – 2D display) select different map layers and read corresponding information on the map window as shown on the Fig. 5. The following document is copyright protected and remains the exclusive property of ATDI. No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any way without prior written authorisation of ATDI © ATDI
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Fig. 5
To change the project window scale: 1) use Zoom button on the left panel of instruments:
2) or use “+” and “-” keys, 3) or press Shift key and draw a rectangle by mouse left button:
To move map press left mouse button on any place of a map and drag to any direction. The following document is copyright protected and remains the exclusive property of ATDI. No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any way without prior written authorisation of ATDI © ATDI
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2.3.
ICS coordinate codes
ATDI tools support most coordinate systems, which are using all around the world. Each coordinate system has its code in ICS designer and described in Coordinates conversion document (can be found in TETRA tutorial folder). ICS Designer’s user must know code of the map projection that he is going to use for his project. Regardless of the map projections, it is possible to use longitude/latitude coordinates to display location, or to put a base station. For longitude/latitude coordinate system Datum (Earth ellipsoid) must be specified. List of supported datum is also can be find in Coordinates conversion. First value means Datum. For instance: “4” means WGS84, “99” means Pulkovo 1942. Coordinate codes for different forms will be as following: • •
Coordinates 33.01231 45.38423 in form 4DMS will mean: 33°01’23.1’’ 45°38’42.3’’ Coordinates 33.01231 45.38423 in form 4DMD will mean: 33°01.231’ 45°38.423’ • Coordinates 33.01231 45.38423 in form 4DEC will mean: 33.01231° 45.38423° Please consider it when working with ICS Designer and other ATDI products.
3.
TETRA network creation
If an engineer is going to create a digital model of any network – he has to take into account the following main parts of it: - digital maps : they can consist from different layers with different functionality. Map accuracy will make influence on the result of network design and on the scope of planning engineer capabilities. Radio-wave propagation models will also depends from digital maps scale and consistence. - technology description: different technologies have different features that should be take into account during planning and analysis processes: frame structure, frequency reuse, power distribution between different channels and so on. We will pay attention on different TETRA features during our tutorial course. - hardware description: how far modelling result will stay from the optimal – will depends how careful physical and logical radio equipment parameters were described in the digital model of the network. Antenna gain and patterns, feeder’s attenuation, transmitter (Tx) power and receiver (Rx) sensitivity has to be carefully specified in corresponding fields of equipment parameters. - radio wave propagation model – is the mathematical instrument that connects radio technology and equipment parameters with any result that can be received on the digital maps. Some propagation model features will be mentioned below. 3.1.
Creating Station
There are three main ways to create stations in a project: - manually on the map with mouse click; - by entering coordinates; - by importing from external sources (text files or databases).
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3.1.1.
Manually
To manually add a station on a map visually (Fig. 6): - make sure that Tx/Rx mode is activated:
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locate a place where you want to put a Station (you can change the cursor color by key «c»); right click on the selected place and select Add station; select Tx/Rx.
Fig. 6
Tx/Rx parameters window will be open (Fig. 7). Press OK.
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Fig. 7
You will see your Station on the location where you right clicked before (Fig. 8).
Fig. 8
To see the antenna direction or/and antenna pattern press F5 and put corresponding checkmarks (Fig. 9).
Fig. 9
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If no parameters or specific settings were set before – you will see antenna direction 0 deg and omni antenna pattern around (Fig. 8). If no – nothing bad, please continue the exercises. How to set TETRA parameters – will be shown below. 3.1.2.
By coordinates
To add a station using coordinates do the following (Fig. 10): -
-
right click on the any place of map and select Add station (1); select From coordinates (2). Site coordinates window will be open (3). if necessary – change coordination code in the Coordination code (4) field by pressing Coordinate conversion button (Fig. 11). if demo project is using – put 4DMS coordinate system and following coordinates: 17.573299 EW 53.075936 NW (5); click Preview (6); click Update (7), select Tx/Rx (7).
Fig. 10
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Fig. 11
Tx/Rx parameters window will be opened. Press OK and Station will appear on the map view (Fig. 12).
Fig. 12
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3.1.3.
By import from external sources
To add stations by import from a text or csv file do the following steps (Fig. 13). Because we will generate new stations – let’s delete previously created. This is not necessary step, but for the demo purposes, it’s better to do that. Press CTRL+Z and press “Yes”. All stations will be deleted from the map. -
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Menu File – Import – Generic ascii file… (1) ; For the demo purposes please, go to TETRA project folder and select file list_to_import_stations.csv (2) ; This file contains coordinates, antenna heights (they were previously specified depending from the building heights), Tx nominal power (W) and Frequencies (MHz). Go to separator box, put comma “,” and click refresh (3) ; Then all the columns will be distribute in corresponding fields (4) ; For each column specify it’s parameters field as shown on the Fig. 13 (5) ; Click import on map and OK.
Stations will be appear on the map view (Fig. 14). To avoid the loss of imported station let’s save it. To do that: -
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Menu File – Save – Save network file (.EWF) Select any folder and give a name to the network (Import_test.EWF for example), click Save. On the question «Update project ?» select «yes». Then saved network will became a part of ICS Designer’s project (see To run the exercises any map data can be used. If you have a demo-version of ICS designer, please, use demo—project in the TETRA project folder. ICS Designer project description).
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Tutorial TETRA network design with ICS designer Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Sometimes it can be useful to import stations from Google Earth (kml) file. To do that, follow steps shown on the Fig. 15.
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Fig. 15 3.2.
Specifying TETRA parameters
Currently we need to finalize the Station structure: specify TETRA parameters and complete Station until 3-sectors structure. 3.2.1.
Specifying parameters for a single Station
Left click on any Station on the map; select its name, then – Parameters (Fig. 16).
Fig. 16
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Carefully fill up the main technical Station parameters as shown below. In General section (Fig. 17): -
Signal must be TETRA (11) ; 11 means just a number of signal type in ICS Designer. Nominal power = 15 W – full Tx power ; Losses – connnector’s or feeder’s losses. 1...3 dB can be a default value ; Frequency = 390 MHz (or other if needed) ; Tx/Rx bandwidth should be updated to 25 kHz after changing the signal type to TETRA.
Fig. 17
In Patterns section (Fig. 18): -
Select the pattern type 2D antenna H+V (1 polarization) (1); Press « ... » button (2), select Edit/select H pattern ; In the Horizontal pattern window click Load (3), go to TETRA Tutorial\TETRA project\Antennas, select 390 MHz.SPH pattern (4), click Open (5). The pattern should be loaded to the Station’s parameters (6). Repeat the same actions for V-pattern.
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Fig. 18
After ICS Designer’s installation Antenna database became available for the users. It is located in C:\ATDI\ICS designer x64\antennas\Mobile folder and contains antenna patterns in *.msi format for most known antenna vendors. To import Horizontal or Vertical pattern from *.msi file do the following (Fig. 19): select Import .msi, go to the C:\ATDI\ICS designer x64\antennas\Mobile and select any of vendor’s folder. Select frequency band’s folder and then – select the pattern you need, click twice or press Open. Horizontal and Vertical antenna pattern data, Tx gain will be imported from *.msi file.
Fig. 19
Section Site doesn’t contain any technical information. So, for the moment we’ll not touch it, but it can be widely used to complete the database of the network elements: to save address information, to change Tx/Rx icon, and so on (Fig. 20). Also, some logical information saves here – such as LAC, RNC ID,...
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Fig. 20
Section Advanced contains the main specific parameters of the technology (Fig. 22): Cov. thresh. (dbuV/m) – field strength limit for DL coverage, can be used for coverage displaying purposes. To do that press button Settings on the left instrument panel of the screen (Fig. select Threshold from station – Threshold from Rx.
that 21),
In other case (if Global threshold selected) – coverage will be limited by Threshold value from corresponding field in Threshold box – when coverage displayed. Fig. 21
Rx thresh. (dbuV/m) – is a field strength threshold of a Station receiver (for UpLink). It can be used for subscriber connections, or for UL coverage calculation. Values KTBF (dBm) and Noise floor (dBm) means the same: thermal noise level. KTBF used for interference analysis, and Noise floor – for threshold degradation analysis. As a default – these values must be equal. Activity (%) – means average percentage of time when Station is active. This value can be used for interference analysis to decrease the interference level which Station’s Tx makes. Set 100% as a default.
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Fig. 22
If you want to save the specified technical parameters – you can do that by saving file *.TRX. In the General, Channels or Advanced section, press button on the upper right corner and click Save TRX… (Fig. 23). All the technical parameters will be saved in corresponding file (TETRA_Station.TRX – for example). Callsign, Address, info, antenna height, coordinates and other NOT TECHNICAL parameters are not saved in TRX file.
Fig. 23
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ICS Designer allows user to make changes for any list of stations in a project. The following two sections will describe how it can be done. 3.2.2.
Object’s activating and de-activating
Any object (Station, MW link, etc.) in ICS Designer can be activated or de-activated. In different processes this condition can be used differently. For example : if we need to make any global changes to a list of objects – they must be previously isolated ; it means that objects that should be suffer by any changes must be activated, and objects that should stay untouched – must be deactivated. It is possible to activate and deactivate objects by several ways. To activate or deactivate a single base station (Station): left click on it, select Station’s name – Parameters – General. Then click current activated (or de-activated) button – and condition will change to opposite one (Fig. 24). Click OK to close the Tx/Rx parameters window.
Fig. 24
Also it is possible to isolate Stations by some of it’s parameters. To do that: go to menu Objects – Isolate… Window Selection will be opened (Fig. 25). General or technical parameters or their combination can be specified. Stations will be isolated according to specified conditions.
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Fig. 25
If you want to isolate Stations from a list, this can be done using Isolate from list function (Fig. 26). List should contain Station’s callsign and can be saved in *.txt or *.csv format.
Fig. 26
If it is necessary to isolate (or de-activate) several Stations manually – it can be done using station list. Right click on the Database/List/SQL button on the left panel of instruments - Station list. List of all Stations will be open. In the column status you can see current condition of each object (Fig. 27).
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Fig. 27
Using CTRL or SHIFT keys you can select Stations that you need (Fig. 28). Selected Stations will be deactivated if Deactivate button will be pressed, and isolated – if Isolate button will be pressed.
Fig. 28
Select several Stations (any, just for example), click close and make sure that on the map their symbols became dark and patterns (if displayed) are disappeared. You can use Ctrl+T keys to toggle between activated and deactivated stations.
3.2.1.
Specifying parameters for a list of Station
If you work with demo-project – please make sure that all created Stations are activated. To do that you can use Ctrl+A keys – that makes activated all the objects in a project. If you work with your own project – please, make activated any Station you want. But remember that all the changes will be execute on the activated objects only. Using file *.TRX Go to menu Object – Load TRX… (Fig. 29). Select the .*TRX file you need, press Open. All parameters from loaded TRX file will be applied to the active network elements. Press Redraw button to see the changes on the map.
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Fig. 29
Using “change … parameters” menu Go to menu Object – change technical parameters (Fig. 30). Here you can specify any number of technical parameters to be change in the activated objects. Non-touched parameters will be remained. Make sure that for all activated stations these values were changed.
Fig. 30
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Similarly you can change any number of General, Channel, or Antenna parameters. Remember that all changes will be applied to activated Stations only. 3.2.1.
Duplicate stations
On the left panel of instruments press «rectangle» button – Draw rectangle. By left mouse button, specify 2 points on the map – the borders of the future rectangle. Then from the drop-down menu select Stations – Duplicate stations (Fig. 31). Specify Number of copy = 2, Azimuth spacing = 120 deg. Click OK.
Fig. 31
All the objects will be duplicated and on the map you will receive 3-sectors TETRA base stations with all predefined parameters (Fig. 32).
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Fig. 32
3.2.1.
Generating callsigns
To finalize the TETRA network creation let us assign callsigns. To do that go to menu Objects – Callsigns – Generate callsigns. ICS Designer will generate callsigns automatically. One more step can be done: Object – Callsign – Generate callsign and press OK. The last three symbols will be saved from the previous action, and first part became identical to all of them.
Fig. 33
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3.2.1.
Saving network file
Generated network can be saved in the *.EWF file. It will contain all the network objects with all their information. File – Save – Save network file. Specify name of the file (TETRA_phase1.EWF for example) and click Save. On the question Update project? Answer Yes (Fig. 34) – it means that saved network will became a part of project and will be open each time when the project opens. If No – the network file just will be saved.
Fig. 34
TETRA network successfully created.
4.
TETRA network analysis in coverage mode
Before the coverage calculation – it is necessary to describe the radio wave propagation model – the last element of Digital Model of Telecommunication Network. Propagation model depends on three factors: -
Frequency range. It is well known that radio waves of different frequency ranges have different propagation features. Digital map. Propagation model will strictly depend from the content, scale and accuracy of the map that is using in a project. Objective that engineer has. In some cases engineer has to make influence on the result that he wants to receive. For example he can purposefully calculate the pessimistic or optimistic coverage.
In ICS Designer propagation model description is divided between two parts: Propagation model and Clutter options. In this tutorial we’ll just briefly look at these important features, making accents on the main parameters.
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Tutorial TETRA network design with ICS designer 4.1.
Propagation model
Go to menu Tools – Propagation model. Press Model button in the Propagation model selector. Propagation models box will be open (Fig. 35).
Fig. 35
The box is divided into several sub-categories which describe the main mathematical formulas (Model presets), diffraction features (Diffraction geometry and Subpath attenuation), Climate, Reflections and some others. ICS Designer proposes a wide range of different propagation models – for all frequency ranges and for all possible map scales and configuration. If maps in the project has an initial scale not less than 1:10000 (as in demo-project) – it is possible to use deterministic propagation models, which are take into account each obstacle that radio waves meet during propagation process. If the scale of maps is more coarse (1:50000 or less) – empirical propagation models have to be using. It is recommended for urban propagation if detailed maps are available to use the following model: Deygout 1994 (diffraction) + Standard (subpath atteniation) – as was shown on the Fig. 35. 4.2.
ITU-525 +
Clutter options
Clutter parameters also have to be configured. Press Clutter button in the beneath of Propagation models window, or go to menu Tools – Clutter options. Clutter parameters window will open (Fig. 36).
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We will configure typical parameters for deterministic propagation model: -
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if needed set Clutter height (1). This value will be taken into account only if Building height in the layer *.BLG equal to null. Otherwise – Clutter height value will be ignored. Diffraction factor for each clutter (2) and Height factor – for all clutter heights (3) have the same destination – they are multipliers of the Clutter height (or Building height from file *.BLG). The final clutter height will be calculated as H = Hclut x Diffraction factor x Height factor. Fields (4) and (5) are the most important in the project. They mean the zero reference mark for antenna heights – of subscribers or coverage (4) or of Base stations (5). Set them as shown on the Fig. 36 if both heights will be measured from the ground level.
Propagation model parameters and clutter parameters are saving in the file *.PRM. Press Save button (6), give a name of PRM file, save it and Update project. In such case - when the project will be load next time – all the saved propagation model parameters (and some other parameters) will be load automatically. So, we successfully configured propagation model parameters. You can also load predefined propagation model for Demo-project from the file TETRA_tutorial.PRM. File *. PRM also contains other calculation parameters, which are using during network analysis.
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Fig. 36
4.3.
Coverage
4.3.1.
Coverage calculation
Go to menu Coverage – Network calculation – Tx/Rx FS coverage calculation. Coverage parameters box will be open (Fig. 37). Specify the following parameters: -
Height of Rx antennas (m) – the subscriber’s antenna height, which will be using for coverage calculation ; Distance (km) – the radius of coverage calculation for each sector.
Minimum coverage value (dBu) – means that calculated overage will be limited by the specified minimum field strength value. By default 1 dBu should be used. Wanted threshold – is a limit of coverage, which will be using for display purposes only. If User palette values will be in use, this value will be ignore.
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Press Model button if you need to change the propagation model. Press OK, and coverage calculation will be start. This will be done on the active sectors only.
Fig. 37
Coverage calculation can be provided with square (default) or circle borders. If you want circle borders to be used, go to File – Preferences and put Circular coverage limit checkmark in Preferences box (Fig. 38). Default rx antenna height also can be specified in Preferences box– in Antennas section.
Fig. 38
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When calculation process are finished, coverage will appear on the map. If necessary – you can specify any correspondence between values and colors. To do that go to menu Tools – User palette. Palette box will be open (Fig. 39). Values in dBu should be used for coverage levels. Press color button to change corresponding color. If necessary – any comment can be added in Label column. Press Save – to save the palette in *.P11 file. When the question Update project will appear – click Yes. The palette became a part of the Project.
Fig. 39 It is important to know: after coverage calculation process will be finished – the prediction becomes the part of station parameters.
To check it – select any sector on the map: Name – Parameters – General (Fig. 40). If coverage was calculated - in the section Coverage you will see the main Propagation model’s name. Press Info button to see the prediction’s information. To delete the prediction – press Delete button.
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Fig. 40
All the predictions can be saved in a network file *.EWF – as it was done in 0. The size of a network file with prediction included will be much higher than the same file without prediction. Finale size of a network file will be depend from the coverage calculation radius and step. To remove the calculated coverage from the map – press Reset display button on the left panel of the screen. This will remove coverage from the map, but will not delete it from the sectors parameters.
If necessary – coverage can be deleted globally from all activated sectors. To do that – press menu Object – Change technical parameters. To delete coverage from all activated sectors put null in corresponding field (Fig. 41). All coverage from activated sectors will be deleted.
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Fig. 41
4.3.1.
Coverage analysis
To display calculated coverage go to menu Coverage – Network analysis – Composite coverage display (Fig. 42).
Fig. 42
On each point of the map best coverage value appears. Moving cursor from point to point you can read coverage values in corresponding fields on the top panel (Fig. 43) – measured in dBu and in dBm.
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Fig. 43
If you need best server (sector, which creates the best coverage value on each point of the terrain) to be displayed, go to menu Coverage – Network analysis – Best server – 1st server. At the each point of the map – the number of sector (from station list) will be displays. This number can be find in corresponding field in the top panel of ICS Designer (Fig. 44).
Fig. 44
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Interference analysis
Before any network analysis in coverage mode – coverage for all the sectors must be calculated previously. 4.4.1.
C/I mode
Go to menu Coverage – Network interference – C/I mode (1) box will open (Fig. 45). Select option Interference on best server. In the next box select method of interference calculation Interference on best server (2), Check that parameters of the receiver are determined correctly (3), (4). Next step click to C/I button (5). The Protection ratio box will be show. Then C/I mask must be specified. There are for main ways to do that: -
Using C/I mask (6); Using C/I from station parameters (7); Using standard tables (7); Using NFD matrixes (7).
C/I mask – is the simplest way to calculate interference, and can be used for inter-technology interference only, if all TRXs use the same bandwidth. Standard tables contain pre-defined C/I values different standards which are specified. Net Filter Discrimination (NFD) matrixes can be calculated for any combination of Tx power density and Rx rejection characteristics in any combination of different technologies. This is mostly universal method, which can be used – for instance – for spectrum reforming purposes. For more information please, follow Frequency assignment and interference analysis document. Set the C/I mask according to example (Fig. 45). Click More options button to be sure that nothing superfluous is checked. For the default settings use screenshot (Fig. 45). Click Close. All the settings can be saved it file *.PRM – they will be added to the all previous settings and parameters: propagation model, clutters and others. Press Save button (if necessary). Press OK. Interference result appears on the map. Moving cursor from point to point you can see best server code ore code 255 as interference (Fig. 46). If you need to know concrete value of C/I you can repeat calculations, but when you need check the C/I on best server method (Fig. 47) If necessary you can modify the palette (Tools – User palette) and fill the dB column by gradations you need to be displayed on the map. Save palette in *.P11 file if necessary.
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Fig. 45
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Fig. 46
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Fig. 47
4.5.
Neighbors planning
Before starting Neighbors planning – make sure that coverage of all the Base Stations was previously calculated. This can be done through Station list for example (Fig. 48). When opening – check that column Cover contains “c” for each sector. Symbol “N” means that coverage wasn’t calculated.
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Fig. 48
If you not see column Cover then click to + button and in the next box check Coverage (Fig. 48). Go to menu Coverage – Handover – Neighbour calculation. Neighbour box will open (Fig. 49).
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Fig. 49
Fill up input parameters as described below: (1) – specify handover margin for technology in which you need to create neighbors (3 dB as a default value can be used) ; (2) – select neighbor candidates from specified stations (activated stations – for example) ; (3) – specify stations with same site code are neighbors – that means if stations (Station sectors) will have the same Site code (Fig. 50), they will be specified as neighbors automatically. If you are going to use this option – it is necessary to check Site codes on all the station.
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Fig. 50
(4) – minimum handover surface (sq.km) ; (5) – minimum distance between stations (km) ; that means if distance between 2 sectors will be more that specified – handover relation will not be made, in spite of other criterion; if minimum distance will be = 0, only coverage criteria will be taken into account; (6) - put this checkmark for report list, where all candidates will be ordered by nearest neighbors ; (7) – specify threshold options (8) – save Neighbor parameters in *.PRM file if necessary; (9) – press OK to start Neighbors calculation. An Excel report opens when neighbors calculation process is finished (Fig. 51).
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Fig. 51
If necessary you can make an report in CSV format (Fig. 52)
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Neighbors list can be found in section Advanced (Fig. 53)
Fig. 53
To visualize neighbors on the map it is possible to make links between them as shown on the Fig. 54.
Fig. 54
If you need to isolate neighbors of any sector, click on it, select sector’s callsign, click Isolate neighbors (Fig. 55). To activate all the sectors: press ctrl+a.
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Fig. 55
To remove links: select Link list (Fig. 56), select all (or links you need to delete) – using shift or ctrl keys, press Del selected links.
Fig. 56 4.6.
Handover maps
ICS designer allows user to generate handover maps – both for hard and for soft handovers. To do that go to menu Coverage – Handover – Handover map. Handover map box will be opened (Fig. 57). All the parameters are the same as for Neighbor calculation (Fig. 49).
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If neighbors were already calculated – select Tx from neighbor list (1). Then – specify corresponding threshold for each technology (2) (TETRA-TETRA – if you analyze TETRA network only), maximum distance between stations (3), RSCP threshold (4) – that can be different from the same value for neighbors calculation, and press OK (5).
Fig. 57
Handover map and report will be displayed after finishing the analysis (Fig. 58).
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Fig. 58
By default handover area will be marked with pink color. To change it – press F5 and change Interference/overlapping color (Fig. 59).
Fig. 59
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The percentage of covered area calculation
If you need to estimate the percentage of covered area (by coverage or by interference) – that can be done in ICS Designer with two ways. Coverage maps (coverage, interference, C/I etc.) have to be displayed on the map. 2) If you need to estimate the percentage of coverage on the whole map, that can be done the following way (Fig. 60): – Menu Map – Filter – General filter, OR – just press button «g» (1) ; – In the Filter box that appeared – select All clutters (2), or select clutter types you need for analysis ; – Specify minimum and maximum values (dB or dBuV/m) (3) ; – Press Compute button (4) and find the result in corresponding fields – in % and km² (5). 3) If you need to estimate the percentage of coverage inside the specified polygon, that can be done the following way (Fig. 61): – click on the Polygon Draw/Select (1) – Load mask (2). How to draw polygon – will be explained in chapter 5.1; – select TETRA borders.PLG from TETRA project folder (3), click Open (4); polygon will appear on the map; – click Continue (5); – – – –
(6) scroll down menu to select Percentage covered (7). Filter box will appear ; use the arrow select All clutter (8), specify minimum and maximum values (dB or dBuV/m) (9); press Compute button (10); find the result in % and km2 in corresponding fields (11).
Fig. 60
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Fig. 61
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Displaying previously generated coverage
If you need to come back to any previously generated result, that can be done using Latest coverage button on the left panel of instruments (Fig. 62). After pressing Latest coverage button – Coverage list box will be displayed, where you can find all previously created coverages from time when you open the project. When project is closed – coverages list will be deleted. Clicking on different coverage results will switch them on the project map. You can also add any previously saved coverage – by clicking Add FLD button, or also – create a movie from the results – using Build AVI command.
Fig. 62
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5.
TETRA network analysis in subscribers mode
Subscriber's mode allows user to provide analysis of the network for a distribution of subscribers on the map. If real subscriber’s statistics is available, it can be used in all the processes specified above.
5.1.
Subscribers database creation
For further work with subscribers it is required to create a subscribers database. For this purpose do the following steps Fig. 63: Press the “list” button on the right panel of instruments (1), select “DB subscriber” submenu (2). In the next window press the (3) button (3), pet the name of DB file (4) and press the “Open” button (5). In window “Database” double click on record with your new datadase (6) After that, you can get to work with subscribers.
Fig. 63
5.1.
Subscribers creation
ICS Designer allows user to generate subscribers by different ways. Most of them can be find in the Subscribers – Generate subscribers menu. For the current project, we will generate subscribers by clutters density. For generation subscribers go to Subscriber -> Generate subscriber - > Generate random subscribers (1) (Fig. 64) in next windows click to load button (2) and select file generate_subs.RSB (3) from subfolder Subscribers from project folder and push Open button (4). Generate settings will be loaded (5) push OK button (6)
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Fig. 64
When generate process will be finished you can see point generated subscribers on the map. (Fig. 65)
Fig. 65
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If subscribers are not displaying on the map, do the following steps: -
Press F5, put the checkmark Display subscribers – Location and Display azimuth (Fig. 66);
Fig. 66
-
Menu Database – Subscriber database – Subscriber database manager (Fig. 67); press Select all button and make sure that all the subscribers were selected. Only selected subscribers will be displayed on the map. If you need to select separate subscribers – you can do that by mouse clicking, or use Select button and specify condition you need. Click Close. After these two actions all selected subscribers will be displayed on the map.
Fig. 67
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After generate subscriber you can change these parameters. Select menu Database -> Subscriber database -> Subscriber database manager (1) in next windows select all subscriber by press “Select all” button (2). For all subscriber setup new technical parameters (push “Change tech” button (3) and setup settings following Fig. 69) and change antenna (push the “Change an.” Button (4) and following (Fig. 70)
Fig. 68
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Fig. 69
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Fig. 70 5.1.
Subscriber global parenting
After subscribers successfully generated we can provide their parenting to Base Stations using different conditions. Go to menu Subscriber->Global parenting (1). Parenting window will be open (Fig. 71) If Connecting to best server (2) is selected subscriber will be connect to station wich have strongest level of signal in the subscriber pixel. It is acceptable for TETRA planning. If Connecting orphan only (3) unselected then all subscriber will take into account. Check the threshold level (4) and max distance (5,6). Select all subscriber (7,8) and press OK (9). After these steps, calculation procedure will be start. After finish of parenting report will be show (Fig. 72) Report contains information about total parented subscribers, this parameter may be used as covered population.
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Fig. 71
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Fig. 72
If needed – press List button and report will be opened in Excel or text format. Click Close button – to close the report list. Parented subscribers will be displayed on the map (Fig. 73). If necessary – you can make image layer brighter or darker by pressing Home or End buttons on the keyboard.
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Fig. 73
Must be known: if subscriber is parented to Base Station’s sector, it’s Сallsign will equal to Base Station’s callsign (Fig. 74). If subscriber is not parented to the Base Station – it’s callsign will be «orphan».
Fig. 74
To diconnect all (or selected) subscribers – when necessary – go to menu Subscribers – Subscriber database – Subscriber database manager (Fig. 75). Select all, or select subscribers you need to disconnect, click Change tech button. Put 1 in declare orphan field, click OK. Selected subscribers will be disconnected.
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Fig. 75
6. 6.1.
TETRA automatic planning function Prospective planning
To cover uncovered population (subscribers), automatically planning function can be use to creation additional stations Prospective planning. This function take into account orphan subscribers and create new station according to planning criterion. If you not change subscriber's status after previous step please follow next step. If you changed subscriber DB please repeat point 5.1 for make subscribers orphan Next step you need remove all station. Press CTRL+A, next CTRL+D for removing. Go to menu Subscribers->Prospective planning (Fig. 76) (1), in next box press Load button (2) and select file Prospective_planning_settings.PPG (3) from Project/Subscriber folder and press OK (4). All settings of planning will be updated from file. On next step press Station parameters button (5) and in next box press button (6) and select item Load TRX from dropdown list (7) select NewBSParameters.TRX from Project/Subscriber folder (8) and press OK (9). Parameters of new station will be update from file. Check other settings (Fig. 76) and press OK (10) At the end, the function will be add new stations.(Fig. 77).
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Fig. 76
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Fig. 77
After planning you need calculate coverage for new station (see point 4.3.1) When coverage calculating is finished, you need to save network. Go to menu File->Save->Save network (Fig. 78) file set a file name a press save. In the next box if you want to load this network with project press OK
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Fig. 78
6.2.
Antenna parameters optimization
To cover uncovered subscribers, automatic planning function for rotate station’s antennas and change antenna’s azimuth can be use. This function take into account parented and orphan subscribers and tries optimizing station’s azimuth for increase signal level for maximum number of subscribers. If you not change subscriber's status after previous step please follow next step. If you changed subscriber DB please repeat point 5.1 for make a global parenting Go to menu Subscriber->Parenting->Station azimuth optimizing… In the next box set settings follow Fig. 79 Rotate station sector – if this option check then first step will be rotate all sectors of station synchronously. Azimuth step – rotation step for rotation sector Co-site distance – if distance between station less then this parameter then this station will rotate synchronously as one site. Rotating antenna - if this option check then second step will be rotate every sector (station) separately. Azimuth range – antenna will rotated from – range to +range angles Step – determinate number of tested value in the azimuth range. To start function click OK After function finish all subscriber will have status orphan. You need make global parenting for calculation number of total parented subscribers again (see point 5.1) (Fig. 80)
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Fig. 79
Fig. 80 6.3.
Frequency planning
ICS designer provides automatic frequencies planning functions. It is enough to user to define the list of available frequencies and to define rules and restrictions. For access to function follow to the menu Coverage->Network planning->Network frequency assignment (Fig. 81). In the next box you can define all parameters of assignment. All options separate to several blocks: (1) Mode - defines a way of available frequencies. User can use following modes: • Band assignment – allows to use the frequencies determined by frequency range and step ; • Group assignment – allows to appoint groups of frequencies for stations with many TRx ; • List assignment – allows to define the list of frequencies ; • Plan assignment – allows to define the frequency plan for each of stations. For additional information, see the document Frequency Assignment and interference analysis.pdf
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(2) Rules - defines rules and restrictions of frequency assignment • • • • • •
Apply frequency spacing on same site – defines spacing between frequencies of one site ; Forbid same polarization on site if spacing –forbid assign same polarization on one site if the difference between azimuths of stations less than the set ; Forbid same Tx frequency on same site – forbids use same Tx frequencies if distance between stations less than the set ; Forbid same Rx frequency if distance
