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English-Punjabi Pages [53]
LET US LEARN GURMUKUI ~ araHl:Il tnfre u [l~N
EASY PRIMER FOR GURMUKHI LEARNING]
BOOK II GURMUKHI VOWELS & VC)CABULARY
Compiled by
SHAMSHER SINGH PURl
~b'
Singh Brothers J1mrifsar
LET US LEARN GURMUKHI - BOOK II [An Easy Primer for Gurmukhi Learning] Compiled by SHAMSHER SINGH PURI President ACADEMY OF SIKH STUDIES INC. 5235 STERLING TRACE CT. LILBURN, GA. 30047
ISBN 81-7205-301-0 First Edition: January 2004 Reprint: March 2010
Price: Rs. 70-00
Publishers:
Singh Brothers •
Bazar Mai Sewan, Amritsar - 143 006
s.c.a.
•
223-24, City Centre, Amritsar - 143 001 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.singhbrothers.com
Printers: PRINTWELL, 146, INDUSTRIAL FOCAL POINT, AMRITSAR.
Contents -- Introduction
5
·~
7
• FH~'a1 • Fa~ldl
·
10
13
......
16
~
19
22 25
·~
28
.....
•
O/(X)~I
31 ::..
•
l-fT3'CJT CllZ
•
~'i:J1de
·
A
34
aeMe
..... ..... -f::i!-r ~ 6r I~(J
35
~~ • ~ oror
36
37
38 v
•
39
};f(fO/"
40
• fc1it
·~ ....
41
n
•
HCf1J ,:'1' e 0(1 d
42
•
.G I El (X)M
ZRc
43
.~~
45
__-,--------------
.-.... ..
Key to Punjabi Pronunciation There are a number of sounds that are different in English and Punjabi or are totally absent in English. To help you pronounce the sounds based on your knowledge of English, the following phonetic system is employed in this series of books. (The comparable English sounds are supposed to be produced by the native English speakers, not by speakers of English as a second language.) This is not a standardized system yet. The best way to learn the pronunciation is to ask a native speaker of the language to model the sounds for you. a aa ai au e
in middle of a word in middle of a word written above the word written above the word written above the word in middle and before a word ee in middle and after a word 00 written below the word u in middle of a word bh ch (non aspirated) chh (aspirated) ~ fu"ij- I Write the words written above three times each.
::.
J=fO ::.
~ ::.
1.fW
::.
'RO ::.
}ffiT ::.
:cJTd"
Ghar da Kamm
Homework
eMI~i ~ ~ 10 F.fa"e" fgij I
Write any 10 words using DolaavaaIi.
Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher
®
Paath 8
HORA . Shape
Extends to full width of the letter.
Position
Written above the letter.
Sound
Same as '0' in cone.
Examples
H+'""' +0 q+'""'+c :G+'""'+7>
Exceptions
Hora cannot be used with
Muharni
~H~~S~W~B~~~~Z3~~~3
mor (sounds like more)=peacock coat phone )jf
& ~.
ij~ij~U~~~H~~g~~B~~~~
Excercise
Modify the Punjabi words written below by adding Hora above the first letter. Write the new word on the space provided.
rhora (less) kohra (frost) bola (deaD Somvaar (monday) Read these words. Say them loud. Say some more words that have the sound of Hora in them. To build your vocabulary, learn these words and their meanings.
Abhiaas "Jot fuil
Exercise
Blft ~ I
Read the words written below. ~
...,
..., '"' qg
..., }fCf
Cf3T
i1"3T
crJO
€'
~
~
"30
~
W
~
~
"Bo
...,
...,
...,
~ fuil Blft 80 ~ ffiif I Write the words written above three times each.
®
...,
Ghar da Kamm fu3"
~ ~ 10 F.I1l"e"
Homework
fmf I
Write any 10 words using Hora.
Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher
Paath 9
KANAURA • Shape
Extends to full width of the letter.
Position
Written above the letter.
Sound
Same as '0' in mom.
Examples
q+ +0" ~+ +;:r ~+ +0"+7>
~
kaur (princess) fauj (army) fauran (immediately)
~
~
Exceptions
Kanaura cannot be used with ~ & ~.
Muharni
~H~q~~W~~5;:r~~Zo~~~3
"'"""'"""'""
...."
""ft"'"n
"'"""'""
'-n
",""""n
",""",""'-n""'n""n",""
"'"n
'-n
"'"n""n
"'"""'""""t't'-n '-n"'"
"'""
"'"n
""n""'n'-n
'-n"""
'-n
"'ft
"'"n"'"
atU7>UG~9H~0"~~~H~~~~
Excercise
Modify the Punjabi words written below by adding Kanaura above the first letter. Write the new word on the space provided.
H
sau (hundred) kaura (bitter) pauri (ladder) fauji (soldier)
Read these words. Say them loud. Say some more words that have the sound of Kanaura in them. To build your vocabulary, learn these words and their meanings.
Exercise
Abhiaas ~ ffil1 "F.fat" ~ I Read the words written below. '"n
'"n
OW '"n
da~' '"n
~
'"n
Hl:fT
lRT
~
))fCfT
'"n
FS'"
'"n
'"n
~
'"n
7)q'(f '"n
(1)0/ d I el '"n
lR"
~
~
})fd"3"
~ fffif "F.fat" 80 ~ mfr I Write the words written above three times each.
'"n
Ghar da Kamm
Homework
~~~ lo~fuifl Write any 10 words using Kanaufa.
Other Selected Assignment by the Teacher
o= o-
o
o
~
o
o
fuu'al
o
o
~
o
o
-a-or
0
0
fHu·al
0
0
0
~
fo
0
0
0( (i)~ I
01
o
-...
o
OT .....
-
-..
®
Paath 10
THE SIX SOUND MODIFIERS In Gurmukhi script, there are six symbols that when used in conjuction with certain consonants and matras, modify those sounds. Chhota Haaha Q. This symbol literally means short 'h' and it is used to add a partial 'h' sound (emphasis) in some words e.g. whale is "" and the 'h' is sounded softly. written as ~ Chhota Raara Q. This symbol literally means short 'r' and it is used to add a brief 'r' sound in some words e.g. Christmas is written as ~ and the 'r' is sounded briefly.
Q.
Chhota Vavva This symbol literally Ineans short 'v' and it is used to add a partial 'v' sound in some words e.g. svarg (heaven) is written as ~ and the 'v' is sounded briefly. v
Ac;lc;lhak D. This symbol is used to stress the sound of the consonant on which it is added just like double consonants are used in English to stress the sound of a consonant e.g. Lilly would be written as ~ and second 'I' is stressed. Without the Ac;lc;lhak" Lilly would sound as Lily, without any stress on '1'. n
Tippi D. This symbol is used to add a partial nasal sound to words e.g. 'm' in limp-fFfu. Tippi is used with Mukta words, Aunkar, Dulainkar and Sihaari. Bindi D. This symbol is used to add a partial nasal sound to words e.g. 'n' in candy-c}it. Bindi is used with all the other Matras.
Paath 11
CHHOTA HAAHA Shape Position
Written below the letter.
Sound
Adds a brief 'h' sound to the word.
Examples
fa" + g + T +
or + g + Excercise
cJ
cJ
=
~
=
~
kilaah (castle) galh (cheek)
Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Haaha read again.
parh (read) parhaaee (reading)
Q
and
Paath 12
D.....
CHHOTA RAARA
Shape
D
Position
Written below the letter.
Sound
Adds a brief 'r' sound to the word.
Examples
If +
Excercise
"
"+ 9 = "t[9 ~ + fi..r + " + '3" = trffi..[3"
prabh (God) amrit (nectar of immortality)
Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Raara read again.
prithvi (earth) professor
Q
and
Paath 13
CHHOTA VAVVA Shape
D•
Position
Written below the letter.
Sound
Adds a brief 'v' sound to the word.
Examples
H
+ • + oaT
H+ • Excercise
Fl'd"aT •
+~= H-~ •
swarg (heaven) swai-abhimaan (self-confidence)
Read the words written below. Then add Chhota Vavva read again.
Y and
swaami (master) tva (Your, pertains to God) Chhota Vavva is rarely used in modern Punjabi, but is frequently used in Gurbani.
Paath 14 v
D
ADDHAK
v
Shape
D Crescent moon.
Position
Written above and between two letters.
Sound
Stresses the sound of the letter that follows it in the word.
Examples
a-+ +If v >rr+ +OT
Used with
v
v
a-u
capp (cup)
;rfcrr
agg (fire)
Matras or without any Matra. v
Excercise
Read the words written below. Then add Ar1dlHd
Agas~
August
Sa~ambar
September
Aqoobar
October
Navambar
November
Oasambar
December
I. ~ n
2.
'HdI8~la
3.
SQ~la
...,
4. cila~ la ...,
5.
80(a~la
6. F.fF(i)~ a ~ I a 7.
::.
n
9. Hdsa
10.
})1O(~sa
1I.
?)~sa
n
12. tHsa
®
fa'F.r3'
Rishte
Relations
1. 'tffd~ Id
parivaar
family
2. W
maail
mother
3. 'STU
baap
father
bhaiI)
sister
5. ;:ft;:rr
jeeja
sister's husband
6. 9CfT
bhra
brother
7. ~
bhaabi
brother's wife
8.
-acr/lJ3o
betaa/punar
son
9.
iriUm
bety/ti
daughter
10.
~
c;laac;la
paternal grandpa
11.
treT
c;laac;li
paternal grandma
12.
'()T'OT
naana
maternal grandpa
13. ~
naany
maternal grandma
14. BTW
chaacha
father's younger brother
15. ~
chaachi
chaacha's wife
16.~
taaiaa
father's elder brother
17. "3'it
taaee
taaiaa's wife
18.
}fl}fT
maama
mother's brother
19. )-fT)-ft
maamy
maama's wife
20. g;;rr
bhooaa
father's sister
4.
::.
~
OJ
21. ~ '" . 22. ge~1
phuphphar
bhooaa's husband
bhaI)evaail
sister's son
23. ge~T
bhaI)eveeil
sister's daughter
24. HTW
saala
wife's brother
J1Tffi"
saali
wife's sister
26. i80T
potra
son's son
i:t3oT
potri
son's daughter
c;lohtra c;lohtrf
daughter's son
25. 27.
28. €~3dl 29. €~3dl'
daughter's daughter
®
l.
"" l:fI(!
Khaane
Foods
:acT
roti phulka parauiltha poori naan c;laal sabzi paneer matar chholay raaj maailh
plain bread unleavened bread
2. Gp')6l I '"no
3.
l..['d'(5T
4.
uoT
5.
0'7)
6.
~
7.
Hatil
8.
1.R>To
9. HZO
-
"'" 10. 6R5"
1l. "CJTM
Wu
-aT9T 13. iftr -aT9T 12.
14. ~ 15.
war
16.
~
17.
cfrw/ftr1fTt:r
18. ij}f/ffi=R" 19.
~
20.
~
2l.
cftor
22.
HID
23. ~ 24. ~ ==>
25.
Q3T
26.
citcr
27.
uw€
28. ~ 29.
-aoit v
30. ~ 3l. ~
leavened butter bread deep fried bread oven baked bread lentil vegetable cheese peas garbanzo kidney beans
gobhi bailc;l gobhi toriaail saag paalak gaildha/piaaz thoam/lasail ac;lrak tamaatar kheera mooli aalloo chicken
cauliflower cabbage zuccini tnustard spinach onion garlic ginger tomato cucumber radish potato chicken yoghurt with condiments milk-rice rice cooked with vegetables vermicelli sweets made with milk sweets made with vesal).
raita kheer pulaao seviaail barfi laddoo jalebi
spiral shaped sweets
®
~
I.
n
})ffl"
2. ~ 3. ~ n
Phal
Fruit
amb
mango
arnroo
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