8 Group Backformation and Derivation [PDF]

Citation preview

8th Group Backformation and Derivation



V.C ( Reg. Sore) AMIDIA SAHARA (E1D112006) LALU KUKUH SETYA UTAMA(E1D112056) MAYA ANGGARAENI (E1D112069) SUSTI MAHYUDIANI (E1D112122)



What is backformation?



Definitions: • Back-formation is either the process of creating a new lexeme (less



precisely, a new "word") by removing actual or supposed affixes, or to the neologism formed by such a process. Back-formations are shortened words created from longer words.



Examples of backformation • manipulate from manipulation • donate from donation • evaluate from evaluation • emote from emotion • orientate from orientation • etc



Ways of Creating Back Formation By deleting prefixes examples: couth



from uncouth



kempt



from unkempt



By deleting suffixes examples: babysit



from babysitter



burgle



from burglar



kidnap



from kidnapper



loaf



from loafer



Another way of creating word formation is by deleting -y examples: group consists of those with a deleted –y. flab



from flabby



funk



from funky



jell



from jelly



sleaze



from sleazy



What is Derivation?



• Derivation is the formation of a new word or inflectable stem from another word or stem. It typically occurs by the addition of an affix.



EXAMPLES OF DERIVATION • Kindness is derived from kind. • Joyful is derived from joy. • Amazement is derived from amaze. • Speaker is derived from speak. • National is derived from nation.



Derivational morphology often involves the addition of a derivational suffix or other affix. Such an affix usually applies to words of one lexical category (part of speech) and changes them into words of another such category.



• • • • • • • • • •



Examples of English derivational patterns and their suffixes: adjective-to-noun: -ness (slow → slowness) adjective-to-verb: -ise (modern → modernise) adjective-to-adjective: -ish (red → reddish) adjective-to-adverb: -ly (personal → personally) noun-to-adjective: -al (recreation → recreational) noun-to-verb: -fy (glory → glorify) verb-to-adjective: -able (drink → drinkable) verb-to-noun (abstract): -ance (deliver → deliverance) verb-to-noun (agent): -er (write → writer)



References • •



http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/backformterm.htm



• •



Stekauer, Pavol. 2000. An Onomasiological Theory of English Word-formation.



• • •



http://www-01.sil.org/linguistics/glossaryoflinguisticterms/WhatIsDerivation.htm



http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/is-conversate-a-word?page=1 http://books.google.co.id



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_back-formations http://www.yourdictionary.com/back-formation