LKPD Tata Nama Senyawa [PDF]

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Tata Nama Senyawa Senyawa Ionik



Tujuan Pembelajaran:



Siswa mampu menggunakan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa ionik biner dengan benar melalui diskusi. Siswa mampu menerapkan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa-senyawa poliatomik dengan benar melalui diskusi.



Tabel 1. Penamaan Senyawa Ionik Biner (Atom Logam yang memiliki satu bilangan oksidasi) No



Atom Logam (Kation)



+



Atom Non Logam (Anion)







Senyawa Ion



Na+ (Logam)



+



Cl(Non logam)







NaCl (Senyawa ion)



Natrium



+



2Al3+ (Logam)



+



3O2(Non logam)







Aluminium



+



oksigen







Mg2+ (Logam)



+



2Br(Non logam)







Magnesium



+



Bromin







1 Klorin







Natrium klorida Al2O3 (Senyawa ion)



2 Aluminium oksida MgBr2 (Senyawa ion)



3 Magnesium bromida



Tuliskan hasil Pengamatanmu! ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................



Tata Nama Senyawa



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Tabel 2. Penamaan Senyawa Ionik Biner (Atom Logam yang memiliki bilangan oksidasi lebih dari satu) No



Atom Logam (Kation)



+



Atom Non Logam (Anion)







Senyawa Ion



Fe2+ (Logam)



+



2Cl(Non logam)







FeCl2 (Senyawa ion)



Besi



+



2Fe3+ (Logam)



+



3O2(Non logam)







Besi



+



Oksigen







Cu2+ (Logam)



+



2I(Non logam)







Tembaga



+



Iodin







1 Klorin







Besi(II) klorida Fe2O3 (Senyawa ion)



2 Besi(III) oksida CuI2 (Senyawa ion)



3 Tembaga(II) iodida



Tuliskan hasil Pengamatanmu! ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................



Rumusan masalah Berdasarkan pengamatan yang sudah kalian lakukan, identifikasikan rumusan masalah yang kalian temukan! ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Tata Nama Senyawa



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Perhatikan tabel di bawah ini, isilah kolom yang kosong pada tabel dengan jawaban yang tepat sesuai dengan data yang telah kalian kumpulkan! No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8



Rumus Kimia CaBr2 AlCl3 ........ Na2O AgCl ........ PbS ........



Kation Ca2+ ........ ........ ........ Ag+ ........ ........ Pb4+



Komponen Penyusun Jumlah Anion 1 Br........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ 1 Cl........ ........ ........ ........ 1 O2-



Jumlah 2 ........ ........ ........ 1 ........ ........ 2



Nama Senyawa Kalsium bromida ................................ Kalium oksida ................................ ................................ Tembaga(II) oksida ................................ ................................



Diskusikanlah dengan kelompokmu, jawab pertanyaan di bawah ini dengan tepat! 1. Jelaskan aturan penamaan senyawa ionik biner menurut aturan IUPAC! ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... 2. Timah (Sn) merupakan unsur golongan utama. Salah satu senyawanya adalah SnCl 4 dengan nama IUPAC timah(IV) klorida. Mengapa senyawa SnCl 4 memiliki nama Timah(IV) klorida tidak seperti halnya AlCl3 memiliki nama Aluminium klorida? ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... 3. Seng (Zn) merupakan unsur golongan transisi yang pada umumnya memiliki bilangan oksidasi yang bermacam-macam. Salah satu senyawanya adalah ZnO dengan nama seng oksida. Mengapa senyawa ZnO memiliki nama Seng oksida bukan Seng(II) oksida? ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................



Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................



Tata Nama Senyawa



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Tata Nama Senyawa Senyawa Poliatomik



Tabel 3. Penamaan Senyawa Poliatomik No 1



2



3



Kation NH4+



+ +



Anion Cl-



 



Senyawa Ion NH4Cl



Amonium



+



klorin







Amonium klorida



2Na+



+



SO42-







Na2SO4



Natrium



+



sulfat







Natrium sulfat



2Li+



+



CO32-







Li2CO3



Litium



+



karbonat







Litium karbonat



Tuliskan hasil Pengamatanmu! ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................



Rumusan masalah Berdasarkan pengamatan yang sudah kalian lakukan, identifikasikan rumusan masalah yang kalian temukan! ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Tata Nama Senyawa



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Perhatikan tabel di bawah ini, isilah kolom yang kosong dengan rumus senyawa dan nama senyawa pada tabel dengan jawaban yang tepat sesuai dengan data yang telah kalian kumpulkan! Anion Kation NH4+ Mg2+ Al3+ Ca2+ K+



Cl-



SO42-



PO43-



CO32-



CN-



NH4Cl Amonium klorida ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .......



....... ....... MgSO4 Magnesium sulfat ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .......



....... ....... ....... ....... AlPO4 Aluminium fosfat ....... ....... ....... .......



....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... CaCO3 Kalsium karbonat ....... .......



....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... KCN Kalium sianida



Diskusikanlah dengan kelompokmu, jawab pertanyaan di bawah ini dengan tepat! 1. Jelaskan aturan penamaan senyawa poliatomik menurut aturan IUPAC! ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... 2. Timbal (Pb) merupakan unsur golongan utama. Salah satu senyawanya adalah PbSO 4 dengan nama IUPAC timbal(II) sulfat. Mengapa senyawa PbSO 4memiliki nama timbal(II) sulfat tidak seperti halnya BaSO4 memiliki nama barium sulfat? ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................



Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................



Tata Nama Senyawa



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Tata Nama Senyawa



Senyawa Kovalen Biner, Asam Basa, Hidrat, dan Senyawa organik sederhana Tujuan Pembelajaran: Siswa mampu menggunakan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa-senyawa kovalen biner dengan benar melalui diskusi. Siswa mampu menggunakan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa-senyawa asam-basa anorganik dengan benar melalui diskusi. Siswa mampu menggunakan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa-senyawa hidrat dengan benar melalui diskusi. Siswa mampu menggunakan aturan IUPAC dalam pemberian nama senyawa-senyawa hidrokarbon dengan benar melalui diskusi



NO2 Nitrogen



di oksida



N2O3 di nitrogen



trioksida



Tuliskan hasil Pengamatanmu! ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................



Berdasarkan senyawa dan nama senyawa yang diamati diatas, rumusan pertanyaan yang kalian temukan!



........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................



Tata Nama Senyawa Kovalen biner Tata Nama



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1.



Perhatikan contoh berikut, kemudian lengkapi titik-titik dalam tabel di bawah ini! Rumus



No



Kimia CO N2O3 CCl4 NO2 .................. .................. .................. ..................



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8



Komposisi atom dalam senyawa 1 atom C 2 atom N .............................. .............................. 2 atom P 1 atom P .............................. ..............................



Nama senyawa



1 atom O 3 atom O ............................ ............................ 5 atom O 5 atom Cl ............................ ............................



Karbon monoksida Dinitrogen trioksida ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. Karbon disulfida Karbon dioksida



Catatan! Awalan Yunani untuk menyatakan jumlah atom pada senyawa kovalen biner: 1 = mono6 = heksa2 = di7 = hepta3 = tri8 = okta4 = tetra9 = nona5 = penta10 = deka Awalan mono tidak digunakan untuk menuliskan nama atom nonlogam pertama.



2.



Tentukan nama senyawa dan rumus senyawa berikut ini: a.



N2O5



b. N2O



= ………………………………



c.



= ………………………………



Karbon tetraflorida



d. Sulfur dioksida 3.



= ………………………………



= ………………………………



Berdasarkan penulisan nama senyawa kovalen di atas, simpulkan aturan tata nama senyawa kovalen biner!



Tata Nama Asam Basa CATAT



Cermati Penamaan Senyawa Asam dan Senyawa Basa berikut!



HCl asam klorida



NaOH



Tata Nama



natrium



hidroksida



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Tuliskan hasil Pengamatanmu! ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................



Berdasarkan senyawa dan nama senyawa yang diamati diatas, rumusan pertanyaan yang kalian temukan! ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................



Catatan! Asam adalah zat yang apabila dilarutkan dalam air akan menghasilkan ion H+ Basa adalah zat yang apabila dilarutkan dalam air akan menghasilkan ion OH1.



Perhatikan contoh penamaan senyawa asam berikut dan lengkapi titik-titik dalam tabel! Rumus



2.



No



Kimia



1 2 3 4 5 6 7



Senyawa HCl H2SO4 HNO3 HClO3 .................. ................... ...................



Ion Penyusun Kation H+ H+ ................. H+ H+ ................ ................



Jumlah kation 1 1 ................ .................. 3 1 2



Anion ClSO42NO3ClO3................... CN.................



Nama



Nama Senyawa



anion klorida sulfat nitrat ................... pospat ................ dikromat



Asamklorida Asam sulfat ................................ ................................. ................................ Asam sianida Asam dikromat



Perhatikan contoh penamaan senyawa basa berikut dan lengkapi titik-titik dalam tabel! Rumus No 1



Kimia Senyawa KOH



Ion Penyusun Kation K+



Jumlah kation 1



Anion OH-



Jumlah



Nama Senyawa



anion 1



Kalium hidroksida



Tata Nama



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2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3.



Mg(OH)2 Fe(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 Al(OH)3 Fe(OH)3 .......................... ..........................



Mg2+ Fe2+ .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............



1 1 .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............



OHOH.............. .............. .............. .............. ..............



2 2 .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............



Magnesium hidroksida Besi(II) hidroksida ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ Tembaga(II) hidroksida Natrium hidroksida



Berdasarkan penulisan nama senyawa asam basa di atas, simpulkan aturan tata nama senyawa asam basa! Asam :



Basa



:



Tata Nama



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