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KATA PENGANTAR



Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas berkah dan rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Laporan Ujian Kompetensi Kejuruan ini. Laporan ini penulis buat berdasarkan Uji Kompetensi yang sudah penulis laksanakan di SMK Prima Unggul. Laporan ini dapat diselesaikan dengan bantuan beberapa pihak, karena itu dalam kesempatan ini penulis ingin berterima kasih kepada :



1. Kedua orang tua kami yang telah memberi dukungan dan semangat. 2. Ibu Feby Wulandari, SH, M. Pd selaku Kepala SMK Prima Unggul 3. Bapak Iwan Sulistyono, ST, MT selaku pembimbing dan Kepala Program TKJ SMK Prima Unggul. 4. Bapak Budi Jaka Praceka, MT selaku penguji eksternal dari Universitas P4TK Bandung 5. Seluruh Bapak/Ibu guru SMK Prima Unggul yang telah memberikan support dalam pelaksanaan UKK. 6. Rekan-rekan seperjuangan yang saling memberikan dukungan 7. Serta kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam proses penyelesaian laporan UKK ini.



Penulis mengakui bahwa laporan ini masih jauh dari sempurna, oleh karena itu penulis mohon kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun dari semua pihak. Semoga laporan ini berguna, khususnya untuk penyusun dan pembaca pada umumnya. Amiin.



Tangerang, 16 April 2019



( Penulis )



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DAFTAR ISI HAL LEMBAR JUDUL ............................................................................................ i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .............................................................................. ii KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iii DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... vii



BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................ 1 1.1. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1 1.2. Tujuan Penulisan ...................................................................................... 2 1.3. Metodologi Penulisan ............................................................................... 2 1.4. Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... 2 BAB II. DASAR TEORI ............................................................................. 4 2.1. Pengertian Jaringan Komputer .................................................................. 4 2.1.1. Perangkat yang dibutuhkan .................................................................. 4 2.2. Macam – Macam Jaringan Komputer ...................................................... 7 2.2.1. LAN (Local Area Network) ................................................................... 7 2.2.2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) ...................................................... 9 2.2.3. WAN (Wide Area Network) .................................................................. 9 2.3. Jaringan Wireless ...................................................................................... 14 2.3.1. Pengertian Jaringan Wireless ................................................................. 14 2.3.2. Cara Kerja Wireless................................................................................ 15 2.3.3. Fungsi Wireless ..................................................................................... 15 2.3.4. Kelebihan Wireless................................................................................. 15 2.3.5. Kekurangan Wireless ............................................................................ 16 2.4. Topologi Jaringan ..................................................................................... 16 2.4.1. Macam – Macam Topologi Jaringan ..................................................... 16 2.5. Apa Itu MikroTik ? ................................................................................... 22 2.5.1. MikroTik RouterOS .............................................................................. 23 2.5.2. MikroTik RouterBorad ........................................................................... 23



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BAB III. PROSES INSTALASI DAN KONFIGURASI ........................... 24 3.1. Instalasi Kabel LAN .................................................................................. 24 3.2. Konfigurasi DHCP Client ......................................................................... 28 3.3. Konfigurasi SNTP Client .......................................................................... 28 3.4. Konfigurasi IP Ether 2 ............................................................................... 29 3.5. Konfigurasi DHCP Server Ether 2 ............................................................ 29 3.6. Konfigurasi Firewall untuk membagi akses internet kepada Client ......... 30 3.7. Konfigurasi DNS ....................................................................................... 30 3.8. Blokir Ping Ke Router ............................................................................... 31 3.9. Logging ..................................................................................................... 31 3.10. Mengizinkan Permintaan HTTP dan HTTPS .......................................... 32 3.11. Konfigurasi NAT untuk mengalihkan ke Port 8080 (Web Proxy) .......... 33 3.12. Konfigurasi untuk mengalihkan halaman Web ....................................... 34 3.13. Konfigurasi IP WLAN ............................................................................ 35 3.14. Konfigurasi DHCP Server WLAN .......................................................... 35 3.15. Konfigurasi Wireless ............................................................................... 36 3.16. Blocking Site pada Wireless.................................................................... 36 3.17. Blocking File ........................................................................................... 37 3.18. Blocking Content ..................................................................................... 38 3.19. Memblokir Akses Internet Menggunakan Waktu ................................... 38



BAB IV. PENGUJIAN DAN PERCOBAAN ............................................. 39 4.1. Pengujian kabel LAN dengan LAN Tester ............................................... 39 4.2. DHCP Client pada MikroTik .................................................................... 40 4.3. Client Lokal Terhubung Internet ............................................................... 40 4.4. Redirect Site menggunakan Web Proxy .................................................... 41 4.5. Blokir Ping ke Router ................................................................................ 41 4.6. Mencatat aktifitas di LOG ......................................................................... 42 4.7. Mengizinkan Permintaan HTTP dan HTTPS ............................................ 42 4.8. Blocking Site ............................................................................................. 43 4.9. Blocking File ............................................................................................. 43 4.10. Blocking Content ..................................................................................... 44



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4.11. Blocking akses internet pada waktu tertentu ........................................... 45



BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................... 46 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 47 LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................................... 48



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DAFTAR GAMBAR



Gambar 1.1 Topologi Jaringan Sederhana .......................................................... 1 Gambar 2.1 Router .............................................................................................. 4 Gambar 2.2 Switch .............................................................................................. 5 Gambar 2.3 Wireless Adapter ............................................................................. 5 Gambar 2.4 NIC .................................................................................................. 6 Gambar 2.5 Kabel UTP ....................................................................................... 6 Gambar 2.6 Konektor RJ45................................................................................. 6 Gambar 2.7 Tang Crimping ................................................................................ 6 Gambar 2.8 Cable Tester..................................................................................... 6 Gambar 2.9 Bridge .............................................................................................. 7 Gambar 2.10 Repeater ......................................................................................... 8 Gambar 2.11 Access Point .................................................................................. 8 Gambar 2.12 Modem ........................................................................................ 10 Gambar 2.13 CSU/DSU .................................................................................... 10 Gambar 2.14 Communication Server ................................................................ 11 Gambar 2.15 ATM ............................................................................................ 12 Gambar 2.16 Multiplexer .................................................................................. 12 Gambar 2.17 Antenna Grid ............................................................................... 13 Gambar 2.18 Antenna Yagi............................................................................... 13 Gambar 2.19 Antenna Omni ............................................................................. 13 Gambar 2.20 Antenna Sektoral ......................................................................... 13 Gambar 2.21 Topologi Jaringan Wireless ......................................................... 14 Gambar 2.22 Topologi Ring ............................................................................. 17 Gambar 2.23 Topologi Bus ............................................................................... 17 Gambar 2.24 Topologi Star .............................................................................. 18 Gambar 2.25 Topologi Mesh ............................................................................ 19 Gambar 2.26 Topologi Tree .............................................................................. 19 Gambar 2.27 Topologi Peer To Peer................................................................. 20



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Gambar 2.28 Topologi Linier ........................................................................... 21 Gambar 2.29 Toplogi Hybrid ............................................................................ 21 Gambar 2.30 Motto MikroTik ......................................................................... 22 Gambar 2.31 RouterOS ..................................................................................... 23 Gambar 2.32 RouterBoard ................................................................................ 23 Gambar 3.1 Kabel LAN ................................................................................... 24 Gambar 3.1.2 Straight ...................................................................................... 25 Gambar 3.1.3 Susunan Kabel Straight .............................................................. 25 Gambar 3.1.4 Konektor RJ45 ........................................................................... 26 Gambar 3.1.5 Pemasangan Konektor RJ45 ...................................................... 26 Gambar 3.1.6 Hasil Pemasangan ..................................................................... 27 Gambar 3.1.7 Hasil Pengujian ......................................................................... 27 Gambar 3.2 Konfigurasi DHCP Client ............................................................. 28 Gambar 3.3 Konfigurasi SNTP Client ............................................................. 28 Gambar 3.4 Konfigurasi IP Ether 2 ................................................................. 29 Gambar 3.5 Konfigurasi DHCP Server Ether 2 ................................................ 29 Gambar 3.6 Konfigurasi Firewall Untuk Membagi Akses Internet Client ....... 30 Gambar 3.7 Konfigurasi DNS .......................................................................... 30 Gambar 3.8 Blokir Ping ke Router .................................................................... 31 Gambar 3.9 Logging ......................................................................................... 31 Gambar 3.10 Mengizinkan HTTP dan HTTPS ................................................ 32 Gambar 3.11 Konfigurasi NAT untuk mengalihkan ke Port 8080 (Proxy) ..... 33 Gambar 3.12 Konfigurasi untuk mengalihkan halaman Web ........................... 34 Gambar 3.13 Konfigurasi IP WLAN ................................................................ 35 Gambar 3.14 Konfigurasi DHCP Server WLAN ............................................ 35 Gambar 3.15 Konfigurasi Wireless ................................................................. 36 Gambar 3.16 Blocking Site pada Wireless ...................................................... 36 Gambar 3.17 Blocking File .............................................................................. 37 Gambar 3.18 Blocking Content......................................................................... 38 Gambar 3.19 Memblokir akses internet menggunakan waktu .......................... 38 Gambar 4.1 Hasil Pengujian ............................................................................ 39 viii



Gambar 4.2. IP DHCP Client ............................................................................ 40 Gambar 4.3 Test ping ke google.com ............................................................... 40 Gambar 4.4 Redirect Website ........................................................................... 41 Gambar 4.5 Blokir ping ke Router .................................................................... 41 Gambar 4.6 LOG ............................................................................................... 42 Gambar 4.7 Port 21 (FTP) tidak dapat di akses ................................................ 42 Gambar 4.8 Block site ....................................................................................... 43 Gambar 4.9 Block File ...................................................................................... 43 Gambar 4.10 Website mikrotik.com di block ................................................... 44 Gambar 4.11 Memblokir akses internet di waktu tertentu ................................ 45



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