Belajar Ilmu Shorof Dari Al-Quran [PDF]

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Ivan S Amhar, S.Th.I, MA



Media Rakyat Nusantara Penerbit Quwwah 1441 H/2020 M



Belajar Ilmu Shorof dari Alquran Penulis



:



Shofhi Amhar



Editor



:



Abu Fursan



Desain Sampul



:



Haryo



Penerbit



:



Media Rakyat Nusantara Penerbit Quwwah



Cetakan Pertama



:



Syawwâl 1441 H/Juni 2020



ISBN Ukuran Jumlah Halaman



: : :



15,5cm x 23cm 316 (xii + 304)



ii



Ayat Pembuka



‫حم والكتب املبني إنا جعلهه قرءنا عربيا لعلكم‬ ‫تعقلون وإنه يف أم الكتب لديها لعلي حكيم‬ Haa Miim. Demi kitab (Alquran) yang menerangkan. Sesungguhnya Kami Menjadikan Alquran dalam bahasa Arab supaya kalian memahami(nya). Dan sesungguhnya Alquran itu dalam Kitab Induk (Lauh Mahfuzh) di sisi Kami, adalah benar-benar tinggi (nilainya) dan amat banyak mengandung hikmah. (az-Zukhruf [43]:1-4)



iii



‫‪Kata Pengantar‬‬



‫بسم اهلل واحلمد هلل والصالة والسالم ىلع رسول اهلل أما ةعد‪.‬‬



‫‪iv‬‬



Daftar Isi AYAT PEMBUKA ...........................................................................................III KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... IV DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... V PENDAHULUAN...............................................................................................1 MATERI 01 AKAR KATA ...............................................................................7 A.



Konsep ....................................................................................... 7



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi............................................................. 9



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 10



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 10



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 11



MATERI 02 KATA BERIMBUHAN SATU HURUF (1) ......................... 12 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 12



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 18



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 19



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 20



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 21



MATERI 03 KATA BERIMBUHAN SATU HURUF (2) ......................... 22 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 22



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 24



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 25



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 26



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 26



MATERI 04 KATA BERIMBUHAN SATU HURUF (3) ......................... 28 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 28



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 30 v



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 31



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 34



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 35



MATERI 05 KATA BERIMBUHAN DUA HURUF (1) ........................... 36 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 36



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 38



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 39



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 42



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 42



MATERI 06 KATA BERIMBUHAN DUA HURUF (2) ........................... 44 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 44



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 47



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 49



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 50



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 51



MATERI 07 KATA BERIMBUHAN TIGA HURUF ................................. 52 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 52



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 55



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 57



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 59



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 60



MATERI 08 MAKNA IMBUHAN ............................................................... 61 1.



Makna pola ‫ أفعل‬........................................................................ 62



2.



Makna pola ‫فاعل‬........................................................................ 62



3.



ّ Makna pola ‫ فعل‬........................................................................ 63



vi



4.



Makna pola ‫ تفاعل‬...................................................................... 63



5.



ّ Makna pola ‫ تفعل‬........................................................................ 64



6.



Makna pola ‫ انفعل‬....................................................................... 64



7.



Makna pola ‫ افتعل‬....................................................................... 64



8.



Makna pola ‫ استفعل‬..................................................................... 64



MATERI 09 KATA KERJA BENTUK SEDANG/AKAN (1) .................. 65 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 65



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 72



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 72



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 73



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 74



MATERI 10 KATA KERJA BENTUK SEDANG/AKAN (2) .................. 75 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 75



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 76



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 78



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 80



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 80



MATERI 11 KATA KERJA BENTUK SEDANG/AKAN (3) .................. 81 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 81



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 82



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 83



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 85



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 85



MATERI 12 KATA KERJA BENTUK SEDANG/AKAN (4) .................. 86 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 86 vii



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 87



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 88



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ....................................................................... 91



E.



Pengayaan ................................................................................ 92



MATERI 13 KATA KERJA PASIF .............................................................. 93 A.



Konsep ..................................................................................... 93



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi........................................................... 96



C.



Latihan Membaca ..................................................................... 98



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 100



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 101



MATERI 14 PELAKU PADA KATA KERJA (1.1) ............................... 102 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 102



MATERI 15 PELAKU PADA KATA KERJA (1.2) ............................... 108 B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 108



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 110



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 113



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 114



MATERI 16 PELAKU PADA KATA KERJA (2.1) ............................... 115 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 115



MATERI 17 PELAKU PADA KATA KERJA (2.2) ............................... 120 B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 120



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 122



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 125



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 126



MATERI 18 NAWÂSHIB ........................................................................... 127 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 127



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 130 viii



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 133



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 136



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 137



MATERI 19 JAWÂZIM .............................................................................. 139 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 139



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 141



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 144



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 148



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 149



MATERI 20 KATA KERJA PERINTAH (FI’LUL AMRI) ..................... 150 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 150



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 155



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 157



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 159



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 160



MATERI 21 KATA BENDA PELAKU (ISMUL FÂ’IL) [1] .................. 161 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 161



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 165



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 169



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 171



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 172



MATERI 22 KATA BENDA PELAKU (ISMUL FÂ’IL) [2] .................. 174 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 174



B.



Latihan Mengharakati dan Mencari Terjemah ......................... 175



MATERI 23 KATA BENDA PELAKU (ISMUL FÂ’IL) [3] .................. 178 A.



Konsep dan Latihan Membaca ................................................ 178



ix



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 185



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 188



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 190



E.



Pengayaan .............................................................................. 191



MATERI 24 KATA BENDA OBJEK (ISMUL MAF’ÛL) [1] ................. 192 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 192



B.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 195



MATERI 25 KATA BENDA PELAKU (ISMUL MAF’ÛL) [2] ............. 198 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 198



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 199



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 201



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 204



MATERI 26 KATA BENDA TUNGGAL, DUAL, DAN PLURAL ........ 205 A.



Konsep ................................................................................... 205



B.



Latihan Mengidentifikasi......................................................... 209



C.



Latihan Membaca ................................................................... 211



D.



Koleksi Kosakata ..................................................................... 213



E.



Latihan Mentashrif ................................................................. 214



MATERI 27 41 KATA = LEBIH DARI SEPEREMPAT KOSAKATA QURAN ......................................................................................................... 215 MATERI 28 50 AKAR KATA SETARA LEBIH DARI SETENGAH JUMLAH KATA DALAM ALQURAN (1) ............................................... 220 MATERI 29 50 AKAR KATA SETARA LEBIH DARI SETENGAH JUMLAH KATA DALAM ALQURAN (2) ............................................... 223 MATERI 30 UJIAN .................................................................................... 225 A.



Mengharakati/Membaca dan Menerjemahkan........................ 225



B.



Mengidentifikasi Shîghat ........................................................ 247 x



C.



Men-tashrîf ............................................................................ 259



LAMPIRAN MATERI 14 ........................................................................... 262 LAMPIRAN MATERI 16 ........................................................................... 273 LAMPIRAN MATERI 18 ........................................................................... 284 LAMPIRAN MATERI 19 ........................................................................... 291 LAMPIRAN MATERI 20 ........................................................................... 298



xi



xii



Pendahuluan



1



1



Prof. Dr. Salman Harun, Pintar Bahasa Arab al-Quran; Cara Cepat Belajar Bahasa Arab Agar Paham al-Quran, Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2009



2



3



2



Kisah ini dinukil dari artikel berjudul Memoar dari Penjara dan Indahnya Persahabatan bersama Amir Hizbut Tahrir al-‘Alim a-Jalil Sheikh Ata bin Khalil Abu al-Rashtah di http://pesanggrahan-bersyariah.blogspot.com/, akses 06/06/2020. Tulisan aslinya berjudul Mudzakkarât as-Sijni wa Syarafush Shuhbah min Mudzakkarât al-Ustâdz Sâlim al-Jarâdât Ma’a Amîri Hizbit Tahrîr al-‘Alîl al-Jalîl asy-Syaikh ‘Athâ` ibnu Khalîl Abû ar-Rasytah, www.hiz-uttahrir.info/info/index.php/contents/entry_31381 akses melalui www.globalmuslim.web.id pada 04/06/2020.



4



5



6



Materi 01 Akar Kata A. Konsep



َ َ ‫ف َعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ِعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ُعل‬



Arti



Contoh



‫فتح‬ ‫رشب‬ ‫كرم‬ 7



Pola



َ َ ‫ف َعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ِعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ُعل‬



‫لرم‬



‫َ‬ ‫ف َت َح‬



‫َ‬ ‫رش َب‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ل ُر َم‬



‫َ‬ ‫ف َت َح‬ ‫‪8‬‬



‫فتح‪ ,‬رشب‬



‫َ‬ ‫رش َب‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ل ُر َم‬ ‫‪B. Latihan Mengidentifikasi‬‬



‫َ َ َ ُل َُ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪ ...‬قد علِم ك أىاس نشهَبمم ‪٦٠ ...‬‬



‫َ َّ‬ ‫َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ َّ َ‬ ‫كدا ‪٥٨ ...‬‬ ‫‪ ...‬وٱَّلِي خبث ل يرج إِل ى ِ‬



‫َ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َّ َّ َ َ َ َ ْ ّ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ي كف ُروا ُي َعل ِ ُهون‬ ‫كو ٱلشي ِط‬ ‫‪َ ...‬ونا كفر سليمو ول ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫لسح َر ‪١٠٢ ...‬‬ ‫ٱنلَّاس ٱ ّ ِ‬



‫‪9‬‬



‫‪C. Latihan Membaca‬‬



‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫سًِۦ ‪١٥ ...‬‬ ‫َنو ع ِهل صلِحا فلِيف ِ‬



‫َ َّ ُ َ َ ُ ُ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫وٱّلل جعل لكم ٱلۡرض بِساطا ‪١٩‬‬



‫َ ُ ُ ْ َ َٰٓ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪ ۚ...‬وحسو أولئِك رفِيقا ‪٦٩‬‬ ‫‪D. Koleksi Kosakata‬‬



‫‪.1‬‬



‫حسو‬



‫‪.2‬‬



‫جعل‬



‫‪.3‬‬



‫عهل‬ ‫‪10‬‬



‫كفر‬



.4



‫خبث‬



.5



‫علم‬



.6



E. Pengayaan



11



Materi 02 Kata Berimbuhan Satu Huruf (1) A. Konsep



َ َ ‫ف َعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ِعل‬ َ َ ‫ف ُعل‬ َ ‫َذ َه‬ ‫ب‬ ‫َح ِت َط‬ ‫َح ُس َن‬



‫ذهب‬



‫فعل‬



‫حتط‬



‫فعل‬



‫حسن‬



‫فعل‬



12



‫أ‪+‬فعل‬



‫أفعل‬



‫أ‪+‬فعل‬



‫أفعل‬



‫أ‪+‬فعل‬



‫أفعل‬



‫َََْ‬ ‫أفعل‬



‫ذهب‬



‫أ‪+‬ذهب‬



‫أذهب‬



‫حتط‬



‫أ‪+‬حتط‬



‫أحبط‬



‫حسن‬



‫أ‪+‬حسن‬



‫أحسن‬



‫َََْ‬ ‫أفعل‬



‫أذهب‬ ‫‪13‬‬