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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY of NEPHROLITHIASIS
AGENT HOST - Excessive Intake of Ca (milk) / Hypercalcemia - Male
ENVIRONMENT - Family history of renal disease
- Low intake of H2O
May produce excess amounts of mucoprotein in the bladder or
Supersaturation of urine with increased calcium Low urinary flow
Allowing crystallites to be deposited and trapped forming calculi or stones
Urine (upon voiding) moves tiny stones to the ureter
Large stones
Tiny stones
Blocks the ureter
Becomes nidus for bacteriaLow urine output or dysuria
Urinary Tract Infection
Causes spasm Makes urine’s turbidity cloudy
Injures the wall of the ureter
Painful urination Blood or dysuria or RBCs combine with urine or hematuria
↓ Hgb count Causes ↑ WBC count